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CONTENTS
Summer/Autumn
2004, Vol. LVII, No. 3/4
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A
Premium on Good Judgment
Richard N. Haass
The issue implicit in the debates that surround Iraq, Afghanistan, and all the other wars of our time is: How do you discover the wisdom when confronted with a range of difficult alternatives? How do you exercise good judgment?
Legal and Ethical Issues of IRAQI FREEDOM
The
Trouble with Mixed Motives
Debating the
Political, Legal, and Moral Dimensions of Intervention
Commander
Susan D. Fink, U.S. Navy
The strains in the transatlantic relationship from disagreement about the authorization and justification for the Iraq war arise from failure of national governments to balance the moral, legal, and political elements of which motives in international politics are invariably a mixture. In the 1999 Kosovo intervention, all three imperatives were satisfied; how can such consensus be reached in the future?
Jus
Post Bellum
The Moral Responsibilities
of Victors in War
Rear Admiral Louis V. Iasiello,
Chaplain Corps, U.S. Navy
Traditionally, the categories of jus ad bellum (a just decision to wage war) and jus in bello (just behavior in war) have defined “just war.” This theory has been continually adapted and revised to reflect ever-changing geopolitical realities, and events in Afghanistan and Iraq suggest it is time for a fundamental expansion of scope. Has the time come to embrace a third category—jus post bellum, justice in the postconflict stage of war?
A
Legal Appraisal of Military Action in Iraq
James P.
Terry
Saddam Hussein, in over a decade of deception and defiance ending in March 2003, repudiated sixteen United Nations Security Council resolutions designed to ensure that Iraq did not threaten international peace and circumvented ten others imposing economic sanctions. What is the international law related to intervention in the case of such violations? The values underlying the UN Charter must be reconciled with its procedures.
Principia
Leviathan
The Moral Duties
of American Hegemony
Neta C.
Crawford
How should the United States provide for its security in a context of both unprecedented power and vulnerability? Is it required in this situation to act as Leviathan to promote a Pax Americana? The United States can pursue its security interests and an ethical foreign policy at the same time, and that would be the most promising route to success in both the war on terror and the promotion of democracy and stability.
New
Rules for War?
Joel Rosenthal
The overarching factors of asymmetry and moralism dominate the political discourse and frame the understanding of Americans. From those factors emerge specific issues of real ethical concern. Just war principles and the law of armed conflict help, but both leave room for interpretation. Ultimately, these issues require moral reasoning and reflection.
Self-Inflicted
Vulnerabilities
Stephen D. Wolthusen
Military systems increasingly rely on information systems that are designed to commercial standards and lower levels of quality assurance than is traditional for military hardware. This reality, together with flaws that emerge in the networked environments that are the hallmark of network-centric warfare, increases the probability of operational failure, even without hostile action. Planners must provide fallback capabilities against the possibility of catastrophic information-system failure.
To
the Edge of Nowhere?
U.S.-Icelandic
Defense Relations during and after the Cold War
Gudni Th.
Jóhannesson
Iceland has always been a “reluctant” and somewhat prickly ally of the United States and NATO, but for decades it could use the leverage of its critical geographical position to shape the relationship and to have its way in, especially, fisheries disputes. In 1991, however, the whole basis of the alliance changed, and it did so again in September 2001. The nature of the relationship is being redefined today.
Research
and Debate
Building the
Future Fleet: Show Us the Analysis!
Eric J.
Labs
Review Essay
What
Did the Cold War Teach Us?
Winning the World: Lessons for America’s Future from the
Cold War,
by Thomas M. Nichols
reviewed
by James M. Goldgeier
Book Reviews
Inevitable
Surprises: Thinking Ahead in a Time of Turbulence,
by Peter Schwartz
reviewed
by Frank Hoffman
The
Sheriff: America’s Defense of the New World Order,
by Colin S. Gray
reviewed
by Mark T. Clark
A
New National Security Strategy in an Age of Terrorists, Tyrants,
and Weapons of Mass Destruction:
Three Options Presented as Presidential Speeches,
by Lawrence J. Korb
reviewed
by Andrew L. Ross
Rumsfeld’s
War,
by Rowan Scarborough
reviewed
by Jan van Tol
The
Art of War,
by Niccolò Machiavelli, edited and translated by Christopher Lynch
reviewed
by Carnes Lord
Corporate
Warriors,
by Peter W. Singer
reviewed
by Richard Lacquement
Know
Thy Enemy: Profiles of Adversary Leaders and
Their Strategic Cultures,
edited by Barry R. Schneider
and Jerrold Post
Reviewed
by Brenda L. Connors
Intelligence
in War:
Knowledge of the Enemy from Napoleon to Al-Qaeda,
by John Keegan
reviewed
by David A. Smith
The
Face of Naval Battle: The Human Experience of
Modern War at Sea,
edited by John Reeve
and David Stevens
reviewed
by Richard J. Norton
Character
in Action: The U.S. Coast Guard on
Leadership,
by Donald T. Phillips
and James M. Loy
reviewed
by Laura Miller
Reconciliation
in the Asia-Pacific,
edited by Yoichi Funabashi
reviewed
by John Garofano
Uneasy
Balance: Civil-Military Relations in
Peacetime America since 1783,
by Thomas S. Langston
reviewed
by Cynthia Perrotti
Sky
and Ocean Joined: The U.S. Naval Observatory, 1830–2000,
by Steven J. Dick
reviewed
by John B. Hattendorf
Recent Books