The Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration (FIMA) manages the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and a range of programs designed to reduce future losses to homes, businesses, schools, public buildings, and critical facilities from floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, and other natural disasters.
Mitigation focuses on breaking the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. Mitigation efforts provide value to the American people by creating safer communities and reducing loss of life and property. Mitigation includes such activities as:
- Complying with or exceeding NFIP floodplain management regulations.
- Enforcing stringent building codes, flood-proofing requirements, seismic design standards and wind-bracing requirements for new construction or repairing existing buildings.
- Adopting zoning ordinances that steer development away from areas subject to flooding, storm surge or coastal erosion.
- Retrofitting public buildings to withstand hurricane-strength winds or ground shaking.
- Acquiring damaged homes or businesses in flood-prone areas, relocating the structures and returning the property to open space, wetlands or recreational uses.
- Building community shelters and tornado safe rooms to help protect people in their homes, public buildings and schools in hurricane- and tornado-prone areas.
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Mitigation’s Value to Society
- Mitigation creates safer communities by reducing losses of life and property.
- Mitigation enables individuals and communities to recover more rapidly from disasters.
- Mitigation lessens the financial impact of disasters on individuals, the Treasury, state, local, and tribal communities.
Who We Are
Hazard Mitigation is sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and their property from hazards and their effects.
FIMA was established on November 29, 1993. At that time, mitigation became the cornerstone of emergency management, for the first time in the history of federal disaster assistance. The mission of the agency has shifted significantly since 1993, most notably through the creation of a separate and distinct group. FIMA's partners include a broad spectrum of stakeholders in federal, state, tribal and local government and the private sector. Partners also include professional associations and non-governmental groups involved in public policy and administration, insurance, higher education, the building sciences and urban planning.
Directorates
FIMA is comprised of four directorates: Risk Management, Mitigation, Federal Insurance, and Fund Management.
The primary functions of these divisions include:
- The Risk Management Directorate. Delivering quality risk data, modeling and programs that increase the public’s awareness of risk across the range of natural hazards and leads to actions that reduce risk to life and property.
- The Mitigation Directorate. Reducing community vulnerability to disasters and their effects, and promoting individual and community safety and resilience.
- The Federal Insurance Directorate. Providing customer-focused flood insurance to help survivors and their communities effectively recover from flood events.
- The Fund Management Directorate. Providing a solid customer-centric foundation through fiscal responsibility and planning, risk analysis and communication that enables mission success.
Programs
FIMA's programs are significant components of the nation's emergency management system. The statutorily authorized programs include:
- Risk Management Directorate
- Risk Mapping, Assessment and Planning (Risk MAP)
- National Dam Safety Program
- Multi-Hazard Mitigation Planning
- Building Science
- National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP)
- Mitigation Directorate
- Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)
- Flood Mitigation Assistance Program (FMA)
- Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM)
- Community Rating System
- Floodplain Management and Community Assistance Program
- Federal Insurance Directorate
- National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
Offices
- The Office of Environmental Planning & Historic Preservation provides management and oversight to all FEMA programs in their compliance with environmental planning and historic preservation laws, executive orders and regulations.
- The Office of the Flood Insurance Advocate Advocates for the fair treatment of policyholders under the NFIP and property owners by providing education and guidance on all aspects of the NFIP, identifying trends affecting the public, and making recommendations for program improvements to FEMA leadership.