*Party division totals are based on election day results.
Democrats won their first House majority in 15 years and made gains in the Senate after the 1910 elections, as conservatives and progressives split the Republican Party. Louisiana Representative Arsène Pujo exposed reckless banking practices during a congressional investigation and spurred calls for financial reform. The 62nd Congress (1911–1913) sent the 17th Amendment for the direct election of Senators to the states. Other progressive legislation included a separate Labor Department, a Children’s Bureau within that department, and an eight-hour workday required for all federal contractors.
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1For this period, there is no official record in the minutes of the Democratic Caucus or elsewhere of the name of the Democratic Whip.
2Caucus records are contradictory for this period. They show the election of Representative James Hay as chairman on January 19, 1911, but do not mention a resignation by incumbent chairman Clayton, nor do they specify that Hay was elected chairman for the new Congress. Later, they show the election of Representative Burleson on April 11, 1911.
3Elected July 18, 1912
4Elected April 4, 1911