Frank Mitchell

As the first African-American House Page of the 20th century, Frank Mitchell made history by breaking racial barriers while also witnessing significant moments in the civil rights movement, including the floor debates for the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Featured Audio

Making History

Making History
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Historical perspective of being the first African-American House Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded August 6, 2008 Deed of Gift

Abstract & Transcript

Amid much fanfare, including a formal introduction by then-House Minority Leader and future President Gerald Ford, Frank Mitchell became the first African-American Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century. Mitchell recalled the warm welcome from House Leaders, Members, and Pages in an era rife with discrimination, and experienced no racial prejudice during his tenure in the House. Mitchell’s recollections—many of which focus on his service as a phone Page in the Republican Cloakroom—range from learning relaxation techniques from Congresswoman Frances Bolton of Ohio to attending heated floor debates before the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Like many former Pages, Mitchell believed the opportunity to serve as a Page was a powerful determinant of his success in adulthood.

This interviewee appears in the following projects: The Long Struggle for Representation: Oral Histories of African-Americans in Congress, and Institutional Interviews.

Biography

Frank Mitchell was born on July 18, 1949, in Detroit, Michigan, to Frank Weldon, a Detroit water department employee, and Norma Bush Mitchell, a hospital aide. He was raised by his aunt and uncle, Doris and Henry Van Buren, in Springfield, Illinois, where he attended Iles Elementary School and George Washington Junior High School before enrolling in Feithans High School. While a sophomore, Mitchell, along with four other students from his high school, was selected as a candidate to become the first African-American Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century. With the consent of then-Minority Leader Gerald Ford of Michigan, Congressman Paul Findley of Illinois ultimately chose Mitchell for the historic assignment.

Occurring just weeks after state troopers savagely beat peaceful protestors marching for voting rights, in Selma, Alabama, Mitchell’s appointment received national attention and press coverage. Fifteen-year-old Mitchell began his term on April 14, 1965—the centennial of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. As a phone Page, Mitchell answered calls in the Republican Cloakroom and took messages for Members, while witnessing many historic moments in the civil rights movement, including the floor debates for the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

After serving as a Page, Mitchell returned to high school in Springfield, Illinois, where he was student council president his senior year. Upon graduation he attended several postsecondary schools, including Western Illinois University, Springfield College (Illinois), and Lincoln Land Community College. From 1970 to 1972, Mitchell worked at the Illinois State Register (Springfield), starting in the newsroom and eventually becoming a reporter. He then took a job at WCCO-TV (Minneapolis, Minnesota), where he worked as a broadcaster and weekend anchor until 1977. Mitchell also worked for BET, INN cable news, and the Omaha Star.

Later employed as a writer and an editor for Northwestern Bell/US West, as deputy director of communication for the Illinois attorney general’s office, and as a media relations manager for Ameritech, Mitchell also started his own public relations firm and served as the executive director for Illinois Fatherhood Initiative, a nonprofit organization. Currently a resident of Springfield, Illinois, Mitchell owns and directs a media consulting firm.

Video

Congresswoman Frances Bolton of Ohio

Recollections of Pages interacting with Congresswoman Frances Bolton of Ohio.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded June 2, 2010 Deed of Gift

Memories of Historic Legislation

Civil Rights legislation and reflections on breaking racial barriers in the House of Representatives.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded June 2, 2010 Deed of Gift

Minority Leader Gerald Ford of Michigan

Personal memories of Minority Leader Gerald Ford of Michigan.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded June 2, 2010 Deed of Gift

Treatment as a Page and Speaker John McCormack of Massachusetts

Account of meeting Speaker John McCormack of Massachusetts on the Speaker’s Rostrum.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded June 2, 2010 Deed of Gift

Typical Day as a Page and Description of the Republican Cloakroom

Memories of a busy Page schedule and of the Republican Cloakroom.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded June 2, 2010 Deed of Gift

Audio

Historical Milestones

Historical Milestones
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Reflection of the significance of being the first African-American House Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded August 6, 2008 Deed of Gift

Making History

Making History
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Historical perspective of being the first African-American House Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded August 6, 2008 Deed of Gift

Press Attention

Press Attention
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Memories of the press attention received for the honor of being named the first African-American Page for the U.S. House.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded August 6, 2008 Deed of Gift

The Republican Cloakroom

The Republican Cloakroom
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Reflections on the Republican Cloakroom during the 1960s.
Frank Mitchell, Page, U.S. House of Representatives
Interview recorded August 6, 2008 Deed of Gift

Images & Artifacts

Congressman Paul Findley of Illinois
<em>Congressman Paul Findley of Illinois</em>/tiles/non-collection/o/oh_mitchell_findley.xml
Congressman Paul Findley of Illinois sponsored Frank Mitchell, the first African-American Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century.
Image courtesy of the Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives
Frank Mitchell with Representatives Findley, Arends, and Minority Leader Ford
<em>Frank Mitchell with Representatives Findley, Arends, and Minority Leader Ford</em>/tiles/non-collection/o/oh_mitchell_sponsors.xml
At the age of 15, Frank Mitchell broke racial barriers when he was officially named a House Page in 1965. In this image Mitchell is flanked (from left to right) by Illinois Representatives Paul Findley and Les Arends, and Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford of Michigan.
Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives
About this object
Frank Mitchell at the Capitol, 2008
<em>Frank Mitchell at the Capitol, 2008</em>/tiles/non-collection/o/oh_mitchell_older.xml
In this 2008 image, Frank Mitchell stands on the East Front plaza on the House side of the Capitol. Reflecting on his Page experience Mitchell noted, “the perspective of what I did and when I did it is really only something I’ve thought about from a deep historical context in the last few years. I mean, it was five weeks after the Edmund Pettus Bridge incident in Selma, Alabama. That’s—I mean, again, why my mother let me go or how my mother let me go is incredible to me.”
Image courtesy of the Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives
Frank Mitchell, first African-American [House] Page, 1965
<em>Frank Mitchell, first African-American [House] Page, 1965</em>/tiles/non-collection/o/oh_mitchell_younger.xml
On April 14, 1965, Frank Mitchell was appointed the first African-American House Page to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives in the 20th century.
Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives
About this object