Collection and analysis of water-quality samples at BICY and EVER are done under cooperative agreements with the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD). Under these agreements, the Park Service collects the samples in the field and the SFWMD provides sampling equipment and laboratory analyses. EVER has been sampling water quality on a monthly basis at 9 "internal marsh" stations since 1984 as part of this program. BICY has been sampling water quality on a monthly basis at 10 "internal" stations since 1995 as part of this agreement, with water quality data at these sites extending as far back to 1988 (but not as part of the agreement). Water-quality data collected at the BICY and EVER stations has been archived and reported for short-time intervals (yearly and bi-yearly), but an analysis that covers all sampled parameters, extends over the full period of record, and provides comparisons between the two units has yet to be performed.
In 2000, a study was begun by the U.S. Geological Survey to gather, edit, and interpret selected water-quality data from a variety of sources to improve the understanding of changes in water-quality in areas impacted by human activities or in more remote and relatively unimpacted areas of the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp. One purpose is to look for long-term trends and possibly relate the trends to human or natural influences on water quality such as agriculture, drought, hurricanes, changes in water management, etc. Another purpose is to interpret data from the most remote and unimpacted areas to discern, if possible, what the natural background concentrations are for water-quality constituents that have sufficient data. An attempt will be made to find correlations between available water-quality, physical, and meteorological parameters.
Such analyses of water-quality and ancillary data may assist in establishing water-quality standards appropriate for the designation as Outstanding Florida Waters in both the Everglades National Park and the Big Cypress National Preserve. Ancillary data such as precipitation, water-level, water flow, dates of major storms, and beginning and ending dates of water-control effects will be studied to relate their timing to any noticeable changes in water quality.
Water-quality and ancillary data were collected from the files of the U.S. Geological Survey, South Florida Water Management District, Everglades National Park, Big Cypress National Preserve, some southern Florida County agencies, State of Florida agencies, and other sources of long-term water-quality and ancillary data. Available data was collected in electronic files from the original source. The intention was not to collect every available piece of data, but to collect data with the potential to detect long-term trends or lack thereof in chemical concentrations. Focus was on chemicals of environmental importance.
Station location and description, and period of record data are stored for each sampling location in the USGS NWIS database. Station location and description, and period of record data are stored for each sampling location in the South Florida Water Management District DBHYDRO database. Station location and description, and period of record data are stored for each sampling location in the Big Cypress National Preserve's paper files.
Data were reformatted, if necessary, for storage in a database at the U.S. Geological Survey Subdistrict Office in Tampa, Florida. When feasible, data was screened using chemical logic checks developed by Ronald Miller of the USGS in Tampa, Florida.
Various graphs and statistical evaluations were used to detect correlations between variables and trends in concentration. Selected graphs and statistical results will be incorporated into a written report of the interpretations.
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Center for
Coastal Geology
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