Children's Health Research Articles

• Molecular Evidence of an Interaction Between Prenatal Environmental Exposures and Birth Outcomes in a Multiethnic Population
  Perera et al.
• Cancer Risk and Parental Pesticide Application in Children of Agricultural Health Study Participants
  Flower et al.
• Reporting Pesticide Assessment Results to Farmworker Families: Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Risk Communication Strategy
  Quandt et al.
• Toward the Effective Surveillance of Hypospadias
  Sexton et al.

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The Children's Health Research Archive contains additional related Research Articles previously published in EHP.

Children's Health Research Articles from previous months:

2004

March

• Agricultural and Residential Pesticides in Wipe Samples from Farmworker Family Residences in North Carolina and Virginia
  Quandt et al.
• In Utero Pesticide Exposure, Maternal Paraoxonase Activity, and Head Circumference
  Berkowitz et al.
• Children's Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Using Diverse Exposure Metrics to Document Ethnic/Racial Differences
  Dolk et al.
• Toward the Effective Surveillance of Hypospadias
  Sexton et al.

February

• Assessing the Health Benefits of Air Pollution Reduction for Children
  Eva Y. Wong, Julia Gohlke, William C. Griffith, Scott Farrow, and Elaine M. Faustman
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6299 (2004)
• Effect of Succimer on Growth of Preschool Children with Moderate Blood Lead Levels
  Karen E. Peterson, Mikhail Salganik, Carla Campbell, George G. Rhoads, Judith Rubin, Omer Berger, James H. Ware, and Walter Rogan
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6331 (2004)

January

• Long-Term Neurobehavioral Health Effects of Methyl Parathion Exposure in Children in Mississippi and Ohio
  Perri Zeitz Ruckart, Kirsten Kakolewski, Frank J. Bove, and Wendy E. Kaye
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6430 (2004)
• Identification of Sources of Lead in Children in a Primary Zinc-Lead Smelter Environment
  Brian L. Gulson, Karen J. Mizon, Jeff D. Davis, Jacqueline M. Palmer, and Graham Vimpani
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6465 (2004)
• Proximity of California Public Schools to Busy Roads
  Rochelle S. Green, Svetlana Smorodinsky, Janice J. Kim, Robert McLaughlin, and Bart Ostro
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6566 (2004)

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2003

December

• Use of Biomarkers to Indicate Exposure of Children to Organophosphate Pesticides: Implications for a Longitudinal Study of Children's Environmental Health
  Denise Wessels, Dana B. Barr, and Pauline Mendola
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6179 (2003)
• A Randomized Trial of Education to Prevent Lead Burden in Children at High Risk for Lead Exposure: Efficacy as Measured by Blood Lead Monitoring
  Catherine M. Jordan, Becky L. Yust, Leslie L. Robison, Peter Hannan, and Amos S. Deinard
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6352 (2003)
• In Vitro Activation of Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells and Cytokine Production in a Remote Coastal Population Exposed to Organochlorines and Methyl Mercury
  Houda Bilrha, Raynald Roy, Brigitte Moreau, Marthe Belles-Isles, Éric Dewailly, and Pierre Ayotte
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6433 (2003)
• Effect of Endosulfan on Male Reproductive Development
  Habibullah Saiyed, Aruna Dewan, Vijay Bhatnagar, Udyavar Shenoy, Rathika Shenoy, Hirehall Rajmohan, Kumud Patel, Rekha Kashyap, Pradip Kulkarni, Bagalur Rajan, and Bhadabhai Lakkad

November

• Association between Gaseous Ambient Air Pollutants and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Vancouver, Canada
  Shiliang Liu, Daniel Krewski, Yuanli Shi, Yue Chen, and Richard T. Burnett
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6251 (2003)
• Measurement of Pesticides and Other Toxicants in Amniotic Fluid as a Potential Biomarker of Prenatal Exposure: A Validation Study
  Asa Bradman, Dana B. Barr, Birgit G. Claus Henn, Timothy Drumheller, Cynthia Curry, and Brenda Eskenazi
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6259 (2003)
• In Utero Exposure to Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and Duration of Human Pregnancy
  Giuseppe Latini,1 Claudio De Felice, Giuseppe Presta,1 Antonio Del Vecchio, Irma Paris, Fabrizio Ruggieri, and Pietro Mazzeo
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6202 (2003)

October

• Comparable Measures of Cognitive Function in Human Infants and Laboratory Animals to Identify Environmental Health Risks to Children
  Carolyn Sharbaugh, Susan Marie Viet, Alexa Fraser, and Suzanne B. McMaster
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6205 (2003)
• Cumulative Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Risk Assessment among Pregnant Women Living in an Agricultural Community: A Case Study from the CHAMACOS Cohort
  Rosemary Castorina, Asa Bradman, Thomas E. McKone, Dana B. Barr, Martha E. Harnly, and Brenda Eskenazi
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5887 (2003)
• Integrated Pest Management in an Urban Community: A Successful Partnership for Prevention
  Barbara L. Brenner, Steven Markowitz, Maribel Rivera, Harry Romero, Matthew Weeks, Elizabeth Sanchez, Elena Deych, Anjali Garg, James Godbold, Mary S. Wolff, Philip J. Landrigan, and Gertrud Berkowitz
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6069 (2003)
• Acute Occupational Disinfectant-Related Illness Among Youth, 1993-1998
  Theresa A. Brevard, Geoffrey M. Calvert, Jerome M. Blondell, and Louise N. Mehler
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6157 (2003)
• Time Trends of Persistent Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metals in Umbilical Cord Blood of Inuit Infants Born in Nunavik (Québec, Canada) between 1994 and 2001
  Frédéric Dallaire, Éric Dewailly, Gina Muckle, and Pierre Ayotte
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6269 (2003)
• Vitamin D Receptor Fok1 Polymorphism and Blood Lead Concentration in Children
  Erin N. Haynes, Heidi J. Kalkwarf, Richard Hornung, Richard Wenstrup, Kim Dietrich, and Bruce P. Lanphear
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6167 (2003)
• Prenatal PCB Exposure, the Corpus Callosum, and Response Inhibition
  Paul Stewart, Susan Fitzgerald, Jacqueline Reihman, Brooks Gump, Edward Lonky, Thomas Darvill, Jim Pagano, and Peter Hauser
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6173 (2003)
• Assessing the Effects of Endocrine Disruptors in the National Children's Study
  Philip Landrigan, Anjali Garg, and Daniel B.J. Droller
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5799 (2003)
• Exposure Assessment for Endocrine Disruptors: Some Considerations in the Design of Studies
  Carol Rice, Linda S. Birnbaum, James Cogliano, Kathryn Mahaffey, Larry Needham, Walter J. Rogan, and Frederick S. vom Saal
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5798 (2003)
• An Approach to Assessment of Endocrine Disruption in the National Children's Study
  Matthew P. Longnecker, David C. Bellinger, David Crews, Brenda Eskenazi, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Tracey J. Woodruff, and Ezra S. Susser
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5800 (2003)

September

• Workshop to Develop a Framework for Assessing Risks to Children from Exposure to Environmental Agents
  Stephen S. Olin and Babasaheb R. Sonawane
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6183 (2003)
• Persistent Hematologic and Immunologic Disturbances in 8-Year-Old Dutch Children Associated with Perinatal Dioxin Exposure
  Gavin W. ten Tusscher, Peter A. Steerenberg, Henk van Loveren, Joseph G. Vos, Albert E.G.K. von dem Borne, Matthijs Westra, Johannes W. van der Slikke, Kees Olie, Hendrik J. Pluim, and Janna G. Koppe
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5715 (2003)
• The Relationship between Air Pollution from Heavy Traffic and Allergic Sensitization, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness, and Respiratory Symptoms in Dutch Schoolchildren
  Nicole A.H. Janssen, Bert Brunekreef, Patricia van Vliet, Francee Aarts, Kees Meliefste, Hendrik Harssema, and Paul Fischer
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6243 (2003)

August

• Low Birth Weight and Residential Proximity to PCB-Contaminated Waste Sites
  Akerke Baibergenova, Rustam Kudyakov, Michael Zdeb, and David O. Carpenter
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6053 (2003)
• Distribution and Determinants of Mouse Allergen Exposure in Low-Income New York City Apartments
  Ginger L. Chew, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Rachel L. Miller, Juan C. Correa, Lori A. Hoepner, Carlos M. Jusino, Mark G. Becker, and Patrick L. Kinney
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6124 (2003)
• Environmental Threats to Children's Health in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific
  William A. Suk, Kuhnying Mathuros Ruchirawat, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Martha Berger, David Carpenter, Terri Damstra, Jenny Pronczuk de Garbino, David Koh, Philip J. Landrigan, Irma Makalinao, Peter D. Sly, Y. Xu, and B.S. Zheng
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6059 (2003)

July

• Particle Concentrations in Inner-City Homes of Children with Asthma: The Effect of Smoking, Cooking, and Outdoor Pollution
  Lance A. Wallace, Herman Mitchell, George T. O'Connor, Lucas Neas, Morton Lippmann, Meyer Kattan, Jane Koenig, James W. Stout, Ben J. Vaughn, Dennis Wallace, Michelle Walter, Ken Adams, and Lee-Jane Sally Liu
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6135 (2003)
• Birth Malformations and Other Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Four U.S. Wheat-Producing States
  Dina M. Schreinemachers
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5830 (2003)
• Assessment of Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Lessons from the Inuit Cohort Study
  Pierre Ayotte, Gina Muckle, Joseph L. Jacobson, Sandra W. Jacobson, and Éric Dewailly
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6054 (2003)
• Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Maternal and Fetal Blood Samples
  Anita Mazdai, Nathan G. Dodder, Mary Pell Abernathy, Ronald A. Hites, and Robert M. Bigsby
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6146 (2003)

June

• Childhood Leukemia: Electric and Magnetic Fields as Possible Risk Factors
  Joseph D. Brain, Robert Kavet, David L. McCormick, Charles Poole, Lewis B. Silverman, Thomas J. Smith, Peter A. Valberg, R. A. Van Etten, and James C. Weaver
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6020 (2003)
• Organochlorines, Lead, and Mercury in Akwesasne Mohawk Youth
  Lawrence M. Schell,1,2 Lech A. Hubicki,3 Anthony P. DeCaprio,4 Mia V. Gallo,2 Julia Ravenscroft,2 Alice Tarbell,5 Agnes Jacobs,5 Dawn David,5 Priscilla Worswick,5 and the Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5990 (2003)

• Maternal Serum Dioxin Levels and Birth Outcomes in Women of Seveso, Italy
  Brenda Eskenazi, Paolo Mocarelli, Marcella Warner, Wan-Ying Chee, Pier Mario Gerthoux, Steven Samuels, Larry L. Needham, and Donald G. Patterson, Jr.
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6080 (2003)

• Disparities in Exposure to Air Pollution during Pregnancy
  Tracey J. Woodruff, Jennifer D. Parker, Amy D. Kyle, and Kenneth C. Schoendorf
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5317 (2003)

May

• Contemporary-Use Pesticides in Personal Air Samples during Pregnancy and Blood Samples at Delivery among Urban Minority Mothers and Newborns
  Robin M. Whyatt, Dana B. Barr, David E. Camann, Patrick L. Kinney, John R. Barr, Howard F. Andrews, Lori A. Hoepner, Robin Garfinkel, Yair Hazi, Andria Reyes, Judyth Ramirez, Yesenia Cosme, and Frederica P. Perera
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5768 (2003)
• Septic System Density and Infectious Diarrhea in a Defined Population of Children
  Mark A. Borchardt, Po-Huang Chyou, Edna O. DeVries, and Edward A. Belongia
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5914 (2003)
• Blood Lead Levels and Sexual Maturation in U.S. Girls: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
  Tiejian Wu, Germaine M. Buck, and Pauline Mendola
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6008 (2003)

• Recruitment, Retention, and Compliance Results from a Probability Study of Children's Environmental Health in Economically Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
  Ken Sexton, John L. Adgate, Timothy R. Church, Ian A. Greaves, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Ann L. Fredrickson, Mindy S. Geisser, and Andrew D. Ryan
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.6015 (2003)

April

• The National Children's Study of Environmental Effects on Child Health and Development
  The National Children's Study Interagency Coordinating Committee
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5781(2003)
• Asthma Symptoms in Hispanic Children and Daily Ambient Exposures to Toxic and Criteria Air Pollutants
  Ralph J. Delfino, Henry Gong, Jr., William S. Linn, Edo D. Pellizzari, and Ye Hu
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5992(2003)

• Presence of Asthma Risk Factors and Environmental Exposures Related to Upper Respiratory Infection-Triggered Wheezing in Middle School-Age Children
  Mark Sotir, Karin Yeatts, and Carl Shy
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5824(2003)
• Childhood Cancer Incidence Rates and Hazardous Air Pollutants in California An Exploratory Analysis
  Peggy Reynolds, Julie Von Behren, Robert B. Gunier, Debbie E. Goldberg, Andrew Hertz, and Daniel F. Smith
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5986(2003)

March

• Association of Lung Function with Declining Ambient Air Pollution
  Christian Frye, Bernd Hoelscher, Josef Cyrys, Matthias Wjst, H.-Erich Wichmann, and Joachim Heinrich
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5355(2003)
• Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure of Urban and Suburban Preschool Children with Organic and Conventional Diets
  Cynthia L. Curl, Richard A. Fenske, and Kai Elgethun
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5754(2003)
• Effects of PCB Exposure on Neuropsychological Function in Children
  Susan L. Schantz, John J. Widholm, and Deborah C. Rice
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5461(2003)

February

• Modification of Immune Function through Exposure to Dietary Aflatoxin in Gambian Children
  Paul C. Turner, Sophie E. Moore, Andrew J. Hall, Andrew M. Prentice, and Christopher P. Wild
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5753(2003)
• Maternal Blood Lead Concentration, Diet During Pregnancy, and Anthropometry Predict Neonatal Blood Lead in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Population
  Lawrence M. Schell, Melinda Denham, Alice D. Stark, Marta Gomez, Julia Ravenscroft, Patrick J. Parsons, Aida Aydermir, and Renee Samelson
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5592(2003)
• Effects of Transplacental Exposure to Environmental Pollutants on Birth Outcomes
  Frederica P. Perera, Virginia Rauh, Wei-Yann Tsai, Patrick Kinney, David Camann, Dana Barr, Tom Bernert, Robin Garfinkel, Yi-Hsuan Tu, Diurka Diaz, Jessica Dietrich, and Robin M. Whyatt
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5742(2003)
• Residential Proximity to Traffic and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Los Angeles County, California
  Michelle Wilhelm, and Beate Ritz
  Environ Health Perspect doi:10.1289/ehp.5688(2003)

January

• Time-Location Analysis for Exposure Assessment Studies of Children Using a Novel Global Positioning System Instrument
  Kai Elgethun, Richard A. Fenske, Michael G. Yost, and Gary J. Palcisko
  Environ Health Perspect110p115(2003)
• Lessons from the Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs): Precautionary Principle, Primary Prevention, and the Value of Community-Based Body-Burden Monitoring Using Breast Milk
  Kim Hooper and Jianwen She
  Environ Health Perspect110p109(2003)
• Predicting Children's Short-Term Exposure to Pesticides: Results of a Questionnaire Screening Approach
  Ken Sexton, John L. Adgate, Lynn E. Eberly, C. Andrew Clayton, Roy W. Whitmore, Edo D. Pellizzari, Paul J. Lioy, and James J. Quackenboss
  Environ Health Perspect 110p123(2003)
• Temporal Trends in Orchidopexy
  Mireille B. Toledano, Anna L. Hansell, Lars Jarup, Mike Quinn, Susan Jick, and Paul Elliott
  Environ Health Perspect 110p129(2003)

2002

December

• Influence of Nutrient Intake on Blood Lead Levels of Young Children at Risk for Lead Poisoning
  Lisa Gallicchio, Roberta W. Scherer, and Mary Sexton
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA767(2002)
• Assessment of Cleaning to Control Lead Dust in Homes of Children with Moderate Lead Poisoning: Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial
  Adrienne S. Ettinger, Robert L. Bornschein, Mark Farfel, Carla Campbell, N. Beth Ragan, George G. Rhoads, Merrill Brophy, Sherry Wilkens, and Douglas W. Dockery
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA773(2002)
• Levels of Household Mold Associated with Respiratory Symptoms in the First Year of Life in a Cohort at Risk for Asthma
  Janneane F. Gent, Ping Ren, Kathleen Belanger, Elizabeth Triche, Michael B. Bracken, Theodore R. Holford, and Brian P. Leaderer
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA781(2002)
• Evaluation of Take-Home Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure among Agricultural Workers and Their Children
  Cynthia L. Curl, Richard A. Fenske, John C. Kissel, Jeffry H. Shirai, Thomas F. Moate, William Griffith, Gloria Coronado, and Beti Thompson
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA787(2002)

October

• Association of Asthma Symptoms with Peak Particulate Air Pollution and Effect Modification by Anti-inflammatory Medication Use
  Ralph J. Delfino, Robert S. Zeiger, James M. Seltzer, Donald H. Street, and Christine E. McLaren
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA607-A617 (2002).
• Blood Lead Level and Dental Caries in School-Age Children.
  Allison Gemmel, Mary Tavares, Susan Alperin, Jennifer Soncini, David Daniel, Julie Dunn, Sybil Crawford, Norman Braveman, Thomas W. Clarkson, Sonja McKinlay, and David C. Bellinge.
  Environ Health Perspect 110pA625-A630 (2002).
• Diarrheal Diseases in Children from a Water Reclamation Site in Mexico City.

  Enrique Cifuentes, Leticia Suárez, Maritsa Solano, and René Santos.

  Environ Health Perspect 110pA619-A624 (2002).

• The Prevalence of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in U.S. Housing.

  David E. Jacobs, Robert P. Clickner, Joey Y. Zhou, Susan M. Viet, David A. Marker, John W. Rogers, Darryl C. Zeldin, Pamela Broene, and Warren Friedman.

  Environ Health Perspect 110pA599-A606 (2002).

• Effects of Perinatal Exposure to PCBs and Dioxins on Play Behavior in Dutch Children at School Age.

  Hestien J.I. Vreugdenhil, Froukje M. E. Slijper, Paul G.H. Mulder, and Nynke Weisglas-Kuperus.

  Environ Health Perspect 110pA593-A598 (2002).

August

• Methemoglobinemia Risk Factors in Children

  Zeman et al. investigated the risk factors for methemoglobinemia (MHG) in children in Transylvania, Romania. Analysis showed that MHG was strongly associated with nitrate/nitrite exposure in the diet (formula and tea made with water containing high levels of nitrates) and that breast-feeding protects infants younger than 6 months of age.

  Catherine L. Zeman, Burton Kross, and Marianna Vlad (110N8: 817-822, 2002)

• Environmental Histories in Pediatric Practice

  Kilpatrick et al. conducted a mail survey of practicing pediatricians in Georgia to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding recording patients' environmental histories. Fewer than one in five reported training in environmental history-taking. Because of a growing interest in pediatric environmental health, there is considerable opportunity for training and for increasing the frequency of this activity.

  Nikki Kilpatrick, Howard Frumkin, Jane Trowbridge, Cam Escoffery, Robert Geller, Leslie Rubin, Gerald Teague, and Janice Nodvin (110N8: 823-827, 2002)

• Children's Pesticide Exposure and Agricultural Spraying

  Koch et al. analyzed urine samples for metabolites common to organophosphorus pesticide exposures in children. They report a temporal pattern of exposure over a full year and show that spraying can increase children's exposure in absence of parental work contact with pesticides or residential proximity to pesticide-treated orchards.

  Denise Koch, Chensheng Lu, Jennifer Fisker-Andersen, Lance Jolley, and Richard A. Fenske (110N8:829-833, 2002)

• Organochlorines in Cord Blood of Newborns

  Dallaire et al. describe time trends of organochlorines (14 polychlorinated biphenyls and 11 chlorinated pesticides) in umbilical cord plasma of newborns in a remote Canadian coastal population. These results show that prenatal exposure to organochlorines has significantly declined between 1993 and 2000 in this population.

  Frédéric Dallaire, Éric Dewailly, Claire Laliberté, Gina Muckle, and Pierre Ayotte (110N8: 835-838, 2002)

July

• The Costs of Children's Exposure to Pollutants

  Examining four categories of illness--lead poisoning, asthma, cancer, and neurobehavioral disorders--Landrigan et al. estimated the contribution of environmental pollutants to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and costs of pediatric disease. Total annual costs are estimated to be $54.9 billion, amounting to 2.8% of total U.S. health care costs.

  Philip J. Landrigan, Clyde B. Schechter, Jeffrey M. Lipton, Marianne C. Fahs, and Joel Schwartz (110N7: 721-728, 2002)

• Genetic Patterns in Methylation

  Chung et al. investigated the evidence of a familial contribution to urinary methylation patterns in families ingesting arsenic in drinking water. They observed that methylation patterns aggregate in families and are correlated in siblings, demonstrating a genetic basis for the variation in arsenic methylation.

  Joyce S. Chung, David A. Kalman, Lee E. Moore, Michael J. Kosnett, Alex P. Arroyo, Martin Beeris, D. N. Guha Mazumder, Alexandra L. Hernandez, and Allan H. Smith (110N7: 729-733, 2002)

June

• Teen Smoking and Lung Cancer

  Wiencke and Kelsey hypothesize that rapid lung development during adolescence may constitute a "critical period" for tobacco carcinogens to induce genetic alterations, and make the early smoker more susceptible to damage from continued smoking. Targeted intervention in adolescent smoking may yield greater reductions in lung cancer than otherwise anticipated.

  John K. Wiencke and Karl T. Kelsey (110N5: 555-558, 2002)

• Lead Poisoning in Russian Children

  Rubin et al. examined blood lead and hemoglobin in Russian kindergarten children in proximity to industry and traffic corridors. They suggest that lead-contaminated soil and dust, which can result from lead-containing automotive fuel and lead-related industrial emissions, may be the most important routes of lead exposure. (Also see Science Selections, p. A310)

  Carol H. Rubin, Emilio Esteban, Dori B. Reissman, W. Randolph Daley, Gary P. Noonan, Adam Karpati, Elena Gurvitch, Sergio V. Kuzmin, Larissa I. Privalova, Alexander Zukov, and Alexander Zlepko (110N6: 559-562, 2002)

• Reduction in Children's Lead Exposure Equals Economic Gain

  Grosse et al. quantified economic benefits from projected improvements in worker productivity resulting from the reduction in children's exposure to lead in the United States since 1976. On the basis of each year's cohort of 3.8 million 2-year-old children, the authors estimated an economic benefit of $110 billion to $319 billion. (Also see Science Selections, p. A310)

  Scott D. Grosse, Thomas D. Matte, Joel Schwartz, and Richard J. Jackson (110N6: 563-569, 2002)

• House Mite Atopy and Children's Lung Function

  Jedrychowski et al. obtained spirometry indices (forced vital capacity, expiratory volume, and expiratory flow), on children over a 3-year period. Multivariate regression analysis showed progressive decrement of lung function with increasing degree of house mite atopy, which may reflect the inflammatory status of bronchial airways in the symptomatic subjects.

  Wieslaw Jedrychowski, Umberto Maugeri, Iwona Jedrychowska-Bianchi, and Elzbieta Mróz (110N6: 571-574, 2002)

• Particulate Matter and Asthma Hospitalization of Children

  Lin et al. assessed the associations between size-fractionated particulate matter and asthma hospitalization among 6- to 12-year-old children living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, between 1981 and 1993. Analyses revealed that coarse particulate matter (2.5-10 µm in aerodynamic diameter) averaged over 5-6 days was significantly associated with asthma hospitalization in both males and females.

  Mei Lin,1 Yue Chen, Richard T. Burnett, Paul J. Villeneuve, and Daniel Krewski (110N6: 575-581, 2002)

• PCBs in Adolescents

  Nawrot et al. measured polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAHs) in teenagers living near a smelter and an incinerator in Belgium. They suggest that host factors are important determinants of the serum concentrations of PCAHs, whereas environmentally related determinants may contribute to human exposure to these chemicals in the environment.

  Tim S. Nawrot, Jan A. Staessen, Elly M. Den Hond, Gudrun Koppen, Greet Schoeters, Robert Fagard, Lutgarde Thijs, Gerhard Winneke, and Harry A. Roels (110N6: 583-589, 2002)

• Genetic Variation, Trihalomethanes, and Leukemia

  In a study to determine whether the risk of childhood leukemia associated with drinking water disinfection by-products was modified by gene variants involved in the metabolism of trihalomethanes (THMs), Infante-Rivard et al. report suggestive but imprecise results, underscoring the potential usefulness of combining exposure and relevant genetic information in such studies.

  Claire Infante-Rivard, Devendra Amre, and Daniel Sinnett (110N6: 591-593, 2002)

• Immunologic Biomarkers of PCBs in Flemish Adolescents

  Van Den Heuvel et al. investigated humoral and cellular immunity and respiratory complaints in Belgian teenagers to determine whether changes were related to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin-like compounds after lifetime exposure. The authors found an association with polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and suggest that exposure may entail alterations in the immune status.

  Rosette L. Van Den Heuvel, Gudrun Koppen, Jan A. Staessen, Elly Den Hond, Geert Verheyen, Tim S. Nawrot, Harry A. Roels, Robert Vlietinck, and Greet E.R. Schoeters (110N6: 595-600, 2002)

• Effect of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Birth Weight

  Dejmek et al. studied the effects of maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in 6,866 singleton births via maternal questionnaires and medical records. Birth weight but not IUGR was reduced in nonsmoking mothers and contributed to additional birth weight reductions in mothers who

  Jan Dejmek, Ivo Solansk´y, Katerina Podrazilová, and Radim J. Srám (110N6: 601-606, 2002)