Research Activities

June 2002, No. 262


Contents

About Research Activities

Feature Story

New analysis confirms a direct link between nurse staffing and patient complications and deaths in hospitals

Patient Safety
   Computerized algorithms that generate reminders, alerts, protocols, and other information reduce clinical errors
   New Zealand's no-fault approach to medical injury cases has the potential to prevent such injuries in the future

Women's Health
   Hysterectomy does not appear to diminish long-term life satisfaction among older women
   Long-term outcomes are comparable for inpatient and outpatient treatment of women with pelvic inflammatory disease

Outcomes/Effectiveness Research
   New measure may help prevent patients with pneumonia from being sent home from the hospital too soon
   People who have diabetes are twice as likely to use complementary and alternative medicine as other patients
   Elevated lipoprotein(a) may be a risk factor for problems with vascular access among black hemodialysis patients
   Use of subcutaneous instead of IV erthropoietin for end-stage renal disease patients could reduce Medicare costs
   Users of nonaspirin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medicines may benefit from use of aspirin for cardioprotection
   Lower birthweight may be associated with patient responses to certain antihypertensive medications
   Iron deficiency in utero is associated with diminished performance in certain mental and psychomotor tests
   Researchers examine prevalence, quality of life, and treatment of men suffering from prostate problems

Primary Care
   Primary care doctors suspect that one in five childhood injuries they see is due to physical abuse
   Pediatricians often make referrals to specialists during telephone conversations with parents
   Pneumonia vaccination rates remain low, and racial disparities exit
   Obese patients have a greater illness burden than other patients and usually are less satisfied with their health care
   Impaired nursing home residents may not get the end-of-life care they want, even if they have an advance directive

Mental Health
   Depression in people with diabetes is associated with increased health care use and higher expenditures
   Primary care physicians often prescribe psychotropic drugs to treat hyperactivity and depression in children
   Although a sense of control at work and home affects people's risk for depression and anxiety, social class also counts

Health Care Costs and Financing
   Expanding income eligibility for State Children's Health Insurance Programs would not burden the program
   New case study indicates that mental health parity did not raise costs for a large employer who used a managed care arrangement
   Shifting to Medicaid managed care in New Mexico increased barriers for rural residents and burdened safety-net providers
   Accreditation of managed care health plans does not necessarily ensure high quality care or higher enrollment rates
   Health plans can work toward eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities by developing better data

Medical Informatics
   Collaborations between medical informatics and health services reseach are a natural bridge to improved health care quality

Agency News and Notes
   Joint Commission and National Quality Forum establish the John M. Eisenberg Patient Safety Awards
   AHRQ launches GOLD on the Web

Announcements
   AHRQ announces a new recommendation on screening for depression and other materials from the U.S Preventive Services Task Force
   Web conference on child health scheduled for mid-July
   AHRQ releases nine new evidence reports, including one on methods used to rate the strength of scientific evidence
   AHRQ schedules MEPS users' workshops
   New publications now available from AHRQ
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Research Briefs


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