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Image: Photograph of South Asian brown haze hanging over the Nepalese town of Phaplu (bottom panel), on March 25, 2001. The photo was taken from a flight altitude of about 3 km. The location was approximately 30 km south of Mt. Everest (seen in the top panel). Both photographs were taken from the same location—one viewing north (top) and the other south (bottom).<BR>
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During the dry season from January to April, the brown sky seen over Nepal is typical of many areas in South Asia. The dry north-east monsoonal winds carry the anthropogenic haze thousands of kilometers south and south eastwards and spread it over most of the tropical Indian Ocean, from 25° N to about 5° S. These aerosols pose the largest uncertainty in model calculations of the climate forcing due to man-made changes in the composition of the atmosphere.  [V. Ramanathan, P. J. Crutzen, and J. T. Kiehl, and D. Rosenfeld, 2001: Aerosols, Climate and the Hydrological Cycle. <I>Science,<I> <B>294</B>, 2119-2124).<BR>
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This research was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant ATM 01-36239.  Thumbnail

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