Protocol Number: 01-M-0064

Title:

Anatomic MRI Brain Imaging of White Matter in Children

Number:

01-M-0064

Summary:

The purpose of this study is to use brain imaging technology to study the connections between brain regions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and comparing them to children without AD/HD.

This study will build upon previous brain imaging studies of healthy volunteers and children who have AD/HD. This study will use diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) to visualize and measure certain parts of the brains of identical twin pairs in which one twin has AD/HD, combined type.

Participants in this study will be screened with questionnaires and interviews, psychometric testing, and a physical examination. Participants' medical and educational records may be reviewed. Participants will undergo an MRI scan of the brain. Prior to the MRI, participants will have a training session in a simulated MRI scanner to learn how to lie still during MRI scanning. Participants may be asked to return for a follow-up scan in about 2 years.

Sponsoring Institute:

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Recruitment Detail

Type: Active Accrual Of New Subjects

Gender: Male & Female

Referral Letter Required: No

Population Exclusion(s): None

Eligibility Criteria:

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

PILOT SUBJECTS:

Subjects for pilot data collection will initially be up to 10 unscreened adult volunteers who have been previously studied on the 1.5-Tesla Signa scanner. Subjects will be required to provide informed consent, and to not have any medical exclusions as noted in the consent form and below, particularly metallic objects and/or pregnancy. Once procedures are optimized, up to 10 pediatric subjects will be studied. These pilot subjects will be derived from the normal control pool of subjects who have been previously studied on the 1.5-Tesla Signa scanner. Informed consent and signed assent will be required, with the same exclusions.

MONOZYGOTIC TWINS:

Subjects must be monozygotic twins (MZ) as confirmed by twin-similarity questionnaire and by molecular cheek swab testing by polymerase chain reaction short tandem repeat multiplex loci sets to find differences in the DNA types of the two co-twins. The primary test set includes nine to fourteen unlinked loci with a combined matching probability for siblings p less than .0001. Cases yielding a probability of twinship less than 0.99 are tested further to a total of 21 loci. Subjects may also be requested to participate in an associated genetic protocol (96-M-0060).

ADHD PROBANDS:

Monozygotic twin.

Aged 6 - 21 years.

DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD.

Age adjusted dimensional ratings (Conners Rating Scales-Revised, or Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal Behavior (SWAN)) hyperactivity/impulsivity greater than or equal to 95th percentile in affected twin.

NORMAL PEDIATRIC VOLUNTEERS:

Except for pilot subjects (up to 10 subjects), subjects must be a monozygotic twin.

Same age-range as probands.

Parent and teacher ratings within one SD of population means on ADHD/hyperactivity factors.

Consent and assent obtained in writing.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Consent and assent must be obtained in writing.

Presence of other psychiatric disorders that can produce symptoms similar to ADHD are excluded (e.g., major depression, bipolar disorder, severe anxiety disorders, pervasive developmental disorders, psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder).

Presence of neuropsychiatric conditions that may confound evaluation of ADHD are excluded (e.g., Tourette's syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus).

Presence of metal objects, pregnancy, or inability to provide a specimen to rule out pregnancy in females over age 14 are excluded.

Presence of any psychiatric disorders on structured psychiatric interview (DICA-IV).

Presence of known genetic conditions.

Presence or history of medical conditions.

Presence of metal objects, pregnancy, or inability to provide a specimen to rule out pregnancy in females over age 14.

Special Instructions: Currently Not Provided

Keywords:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Twin Study

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Normal Volunteers

Recruitment Keywords:

Twin Study

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Conditions:

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

Healthy

Investigational Drug(s):

None

Investigational Device(s):

None

Contacts:

Patient Recruitment and Public Liaison Office
Building 61
10 Cloister Court
Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4754
Toll Free: 1-800-411-1222
TTY: 301-594-9774 (local),1-866-411-1010 (toll free)
Fax: 301-480-9793

Electronic Mail:prpl@mail.cc.nih.gov

Citations:

Comparative MR imaging study of brain maturation in kittens with T1, T2, and the trace of the diffusion tensor

Neurobiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

MRI during pregnancy

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Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center (CC)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Last update: 10/16/2004