Protocol Number: 02-M-0036

Title:

A Behavioral and Functional Neuroimaging Study of Inhibitory Motor Control

Number:

02-M-0036

Summary:

The purpose of this study is to determine how the brain controls motor activity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

The inability to control one's behavior is an important symptom of many psychiatric illnesses. The stop signal paradigm which involves withholding a motor response to a go signal, has proved useful in assessing uncontrolled behavior in children with ADHD and other disorders. This study will use a stop signal paradigm in order to evaluate the ability of children with and without ADHD to control their motor behavior. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan will be used to study how the brain works during specific activities.

This study will evaluate the stop signal paradigm in three groups of people: healthy children, children with ADHD, and healthy adults. This study comprises two sub-studies: a behavioral study in which participants perform simple activities and an MRI study.

Participants will be asked to stop any over-the-counter medication 5 days before entering the behavioral or MRI study. Children with ADHD will be asked to stop taking medication for ADHD 72 hours before the study. All participants will have a medical history and a psychiatric evaluation (for children, both parents and children provide information for the assessment). Participants in the MRI study will also have physical examinations and blood and urine tests. All children will undergo intelligence tests; and those with ADHD will have tests to confirm the diagnosis. The parents of child participants will complete an autism screening questionnaire.

Sponsoring Institute:

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Recruitment Detail

Type: Active Accrual Of New Subjects

Gender: Male & Female

Referral Letter Required: No

Population Exclusion(s): None

Eligibility Criteria:

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

CONTROL SUBJECTS:

Male and female subjects in two age cohorts will be recruited: 7-16 and 18-45 years. Subjects must be free from any current or past psychopathology and be medication-free.

ADHD SUBJECTS:

Male and female subjects aged 7-16 who currently meet DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. The diagnosis will be made on the basis of a K-SADS-PL interview with the parent and a t score greater than 65 on the hyperactivity-impulsivity subscale of the Connors Teacher Scale. With the exception of symptoms and signs attributable to the ADHD, subjects must be free from any current or past psychopathology.

fMRI STUDY:

Subjects aged 18-45 years will be recruited. Subjects must be free from any current or past psychopathology, have normal physical and neurological examinations, and be medication-free.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

CONTROL SUBJECTS:

I.Q. less than 80; pregnancy ; ongoing medical illness; neurological disorder (including seizures); meeting past or present criteria for any diagnosis on the K-SADS-PL (children and adolescents) or SCID (adults).

ADHD SUBJECTS:

I.Q. less than 80; pregnancy; ongoing medical illness or neurological disorder other than ADHD; contraindication to discontinuing medication for 72 hours; any other psychiatric disorder that is sufficiently severe to require specific treatment, with the exception of Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and the Learning, Communication, and Elimination Disorders. Explicit exclusions include Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Tourette's syndrome, conduct disorder, and mood or anxiety disorders.

fMRI STUDY:

I.Q. less than 80; pregnancy; ongoing medical illness; neurological disorder (including seizures); meeting past or present criteria for any diagnosis on SCID; any metallic objects in the body that would constitute a contraindication to an fMRI scan.

Special Instructions: Currently Not Provided

Keywords:

Stop Task

ADHD

Impulsivity

Functional MRI

Developmental

Inhibitory Control

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Recruitment Keywords:

ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Impulsivity

Healthy Volunteer

Normal Volunteer

HV

Conditions:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Investigational Drug(s):

None

Investigational Device(s):

None

Contacts:

Patient Recruitment and Public Liaison Office
Building 61
10 Cloister Court
Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4754
Toll Free: 1-800-411-1222
TTY: 301-594-9774 (local),1-866-411-1010 (toll free)
Fax: 301-480-9793

Electronic Mail:prpl@mail.cc.nih.gov

Citations:

Response inhibition in AD/HD, CD comorbid AD/HD + CD, anxious, and control children: A meta-analysis of studies with the stop task

Structural and functional brain development and its relation to cognitive development

Basal ganglia thalamocortical circuits: Parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, prefrontal, and limbic functions

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Bethesda, Maryland 20892. Last update: 10/27/2004