Marine First Lieutenant
Robert M. Hanson, who shot down 25 Japanese planes
from the South Pacific skies, was posthumously awarded
the Medal of Honor.
Last seen 3 February
1944, when his plane crashed into the sea while
he was flying an escort mission over Rabaul, New
Britain, he was subsequently declared killed in
action.
A master of individual
air combat, he downed 20 enemy planes in six consecutive
flying days. Lieutenant Hanson was commended in
the citation accompanying the Medal of Honor for
his bold attack against six enemy torpedo bombers,
1 November 1943, over Bougainville Island, and for
bringing down four Zeros while fighting them alone
over New Britain, 24 January 1944.
Lieutenant Hanson arrived
in the South Pacific in June 1943, and his daring
tactics and total disregard for death soon became
well known. His fatal crash occurred one day before
his twenty-fourth birthday.
A member of the famed
Fighting Corsairs squadron, the ace was shot down
only once before his final flight, when a Zero bagged
him over Bougainville Island. Bringing his plane
down on the ocean, he paddled for six hours in a
rubber life raft before being rescued by a destroyer.
Lieutenant Hanson was
a son of the Reverend and Mrs. Harry A. Hanson of
Newtonville, Massachusetts, who were serving as
Methodist missionaries in India at the time of his
birth.
In Lucknow, India,
his playmates were Hindu children. After attending
junior high school in the United States, he returned
to India to become light-heavyweight and heavy-weight
wrestling champion of the United Provinces.
In the spring of 1938,
on his way back to the United States to attend college,
he bicycled his way through Europe and was in Vienna
during the anschluss. Though attending Hamline University,
St. Paul, Minnesota, at the time of the attack on
Pearl Harbor, he enlisted for naval flight training
in May 1942, and won his wings and a Marine Corps
commission as second lieutenant on 19 February 1943,
at Corpus Christi, Texas.
The Medal of Honor
was presented to the lieutenant's mother, Mrs. Harry
A. Hanson, by Major General Lewie G. Merritt on
19 August 1944 in Boston, Massachusetts.