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Earthquakes: Header image shows cracked pavement. Link to hazards: earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and landslides

Earthquakes

- Text adapted from "A Model of Three Faults" teaching packet

One of the most frightening and destructive phenomena of nature is a severe earthquake and its terrible aftereffects. An earthquake is a sudden movement of the Earth, caused by the abrupt release of strain that has accumulated over a long time. For hundreds of millions of years, the forces of plate tectonics have shaped the Earth as the huge plates that form the Earth's surface slowly move over, under, and past each other. Sometimes the movement is gradual. At other times, the plates are locked together, unable to release the accumulating energy. When the accumulated energy grows strong enough, the plates break free. If the earthquake occurs in a populated area, it may cause many deaths and injuries and extensive property damage.

Today we are challenging the assumption that earthquakes must present an uncontrollable and unpredictable hazard to life and property. Scientists have begun to estimate the locations and likelihoods of future damaging earthquakes. Sites of greatest hazard are being identified, and definite progress is being made in designing structures that will withstand the effects of earthquakes.


Find out more about earthquakes at the sites below:

USGS siteLink to USGS sites.
Non-USGS siteLink to non-USGS sites. We are happy to provide this link for your convenience. Please be aware that we cannot guarantee the accuracy of non-USGS sites.

Featured Sites
Link to Earthquakes, an USGS booklet. Icon shows a photo of collapsed buildings after earthquake.

USGS siteEarthquakes
This 20-page booklet explains the nature and causes of earthquakes. Describes techniques used to detect, record, measure, and predict seismic disturbances.


Link to USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. Icon shows an illustration of subduction zone.

USGS siteUSGS Earthquake Hazards Program
Contains extensive research reports, real-time earthquake information, education section, hazards preparedness, and more.


Link to Earthquakes for Kids & Grownups.

USGS siteEarthquakes for Kids & Grownups
Contains informative and fun educational activities.



USGS site Earthquake Hazards Program
Provide and apply relevant earthquake science information and knowledge.

USGS site Kids' Earthquake Glossary

USGS site National Seismic Hazard Mapping Program
View seismic map images.

USGS site Geologic Information
Geologic and mineral resource surveys and mapping for the Department of the Interior.

USGS site USGS Geology in Parks
Learn geology basics from touring the national parks.

USGS site How Vulnerable Are Seattle Area Lifelines?
Lifelines, such as roads and electrical lines, and earthquake hazards in the greater Seattle area.

USGS site Table-Top Earthquakes
A demonstration of seismology for teachers and students that can be used to expand lessons in earth science, physics, math, social studies, and geography.

USGS site How to Build a Model Illustrating Sea-Floor Spreading and Subduction
Science project for students.

USGS site Media for Science
Photo collections of maps, natural disasters, and activities at the USGS.

USGS site Earthquakes
This 20-page booklet explains the nature and causes of earthquakes. Describes techniques used to detect, record, measure, and predict seismic disturbances.

USGS site The San Andreas Fault
This 17-page booklet defines the San Andreas Fault and also discusses earthquake magnitude and intensity.

USGS site The Severity of an Earthquake
Earthquakes are the result of forces deep within the Earth's interior that continuously affect the surface of the Earth. The energy from these forces is stored in a variety of ways within the rocks.

USGS site Eruptions of Hawaiian Volcanoes: Past, Present, and Future
The volcanic history of the Hawaiian Islands with dramatic, color photographs and diagrams and informative text on Hawaiis active shield volcanoes, Mauna Loa and Kilauea.

USGS site Fire and Mud: Eruptions and Lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
Know all about the eruption history, impacts of the eruption, rocks, and lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines.

USGS site Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: Past, Present, and Future
Highlights the eruptive history of this composite volcano, reviews its activity since its awakening in 1980, and speculates about its behavior in the future.

USGS site Exploring Earthquakes: Online Glossary

USGS site Tsunamis and Earthquakes
General information on how earthquakes generate tsunamis and summaries of tsunami research using animations and VRML models

USGS site Hazards Fact Sheets
Documentations and reports of natural disasters.

USGS site Earthquake ABC: A Child's View of Earthquake Facts and Feelings
A pictorial glossary for young kids with a complementary parents guide.

USGS site Earthquakes and Other Natural Hazards
Learn about earthquakes and other hazards and find out how to prepare for these hazards.

USGS site Animated Map
This map shows the combined effect of all six hazards--earthquake, volcanic, landslides, flooding, hurricane, and tornado. Watch as the distribution of each is added to the previous hazards.

USGS site Geographic Distribution of Major Hazards in the US
Six theme maps showing high risk or relatively frequent actual occurrences of hazards (floods, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, tornadoes, and volcanic eruptions.)

USGS site Hazards
Links to various hazards reports, including earthquake, volcanoes, flood, landslides, wildfire, wildlife diseases, geomagnetism, and coastal storms and tsunamis.

Non-USGS site Windows to the Universe
Fun and intriguing site about the earth and space sciences.

Non-USGS site Park Geology Teacher's Features
Teaching geology with national park examples.

Non-USGS site Park Geology Tour of National Parks
Learn geology through online tour of national parks.

Non-USGS site Geologic animations
Animations include plate tectonics, gas, oil, and more.

Non-USGS site Learning From the Fossil Record
Fun education site about paleontology and earth-science.

Non-USGS site A Model of Sea-Floor Spreading Teacher's Guide
Make a paper model illustrating the concept of sea-floor spreading.

Non-USGS site Earthforce
Informative site about forces that cause eruptions, quakes, and floods.

Non-USGS site E-cards of Natural Disasters
Send e-cards on images of volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides.

Non-USGS site Earth Science Classroom Activities
Classroom activities on geology-related subjects for grades k-3.

Non-USGS site The EarthPulse Center
Interactive learning tool for earthquake location, magnitude, distribution and forecasting.

Non-USGS site American Geological Insititute Education
Produce innovative inquiry-based curriculum for K-12 earth science education.

Non-USGS site Athena, Earth and Space Science
K-12 education page for teachers and students.

Non-USGS site Geo Mysteries with Rex, the Dino Detective
Fun and interactive geologic site for kids.

Non-USGS site SCEC Earthquake Education Module
Site for high school- and undergraduate-level students. Contains info, graphics, and activities that explain how earthquakes happen.

Non-USGS site Tectonic Plates Education Module
Contains information, animations, and student activities about tectonic movements of the Earth's surface.



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Last modified: 16:30:00 Tue 29 Jan 2002 act

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