| Program |
Agency |
Assistance Provided |
Activating Mechanism |
Eligibility |
| Emergency Haying and Grazing |
Department of Agriculture (USDA), Farm Service Agency (FSA) |
Emergency authority to harvest hay or to graze land devoted to conservation
and environmental uses under the Conservation Reserve Program. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Emergency Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Low-interest loans to family farmers and ranchers for production
losses and physical damage. |
PD; designated by Secretary of Agriculture or Administrator, FSA
(physical losses only) |
I/B |
| Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program |
USDA, FSA |
Direct payments to reduce financial losses resulting from a natural
disaster that causes production loss or prevents planting of crops
grown commercially for food or fiber, for which Federal crop insurance
is not available. |
AWD |
I |
| Emergency Conservation Program |
USDA, FSA |
Cost-share payments to rehabilitate farmlands damaged by natural
disasters and to carry out emergency water conservation or water-enhancing
measures during times of severe drought, in cases when the damage
or drought is so severe that Federal assistance is necessary. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Agricultural Marketing Transition Act (AMTA) Program |
USDA, FSA |
Direct payments to eligible producers of program crops that comply
with AMTA requirements. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) |
USDA, FSA |
Voluntary program that offers annual rental payments, incentive
payments for certain activities, and cost-share assistance to establish
approved cover on eligible cropland. |
AWD |
I/B |
| Farm Operation Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Loans and loan guarantees to be used for farm operating costs. |
N/P |
I |
| Farm Ownership Loans |
USDA, FSA |
Direct loans, guaranteed loans, and technical assistance for farmers
in acquiring or enlarging farms or ranches; making capital improvements;
promoting soil and water conservation; and paying closing costs. |
AWD |
I |
| Emergency Food Assistance (Emergency Food Stamp and Food Commodity
Program) |
USDA, Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) |
Direct payments to States for specified uses. |
PD; declaration by the Secretary of Agriculture |
S/I |
| Food Distribution |
USDA, FNS |
Donations of USDA-purchased food. |
PD; declaration by Secretary of Agriculture and compliance with
eligibility criteria |
F/S/L/N |
| Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) |
USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) |
Direct payments and technical assistance to install structural and
nonstructural measures to relieve imminent threats to life and/or
property, and to purchase floodplain easements. Technical assistance
such as site evaluations, design work, and installation inspections
also are provided through the program. |
AWD; triggered by NRCS State Conservationist |
S/L/N/B/I |
| Water Resources |
USDA, NRCS |
Project grants for the installation of preventive measures such
as dams, channels, flood warning systems, purchasing easements, floodplain
delineation, and land treatment. Advisory and counseling services
also are available. |
N/P |
S/L/N |
| Resource Conservation and Development (RC&D;) |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance and loans to finance local project costs. Projects
may include land and water conservation, resource improvements, recreational
development, and waste disposal projects. |
AWD |
L/N |
| River Basin Project |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance. Special priority is given to projects designed
to solve problems of upstream rural community flooding, water quality
improvement that comes from agricultural nonpoint sources, wetlands
preservation, and drought management for agricultural and rural communities.
Special emphasis is placed on helping State agencies develop strategic
water resource plans. |
AWD; triggered by NRCS State Conservationist |
F/S/L |
| Soil Survey |
USDA, NRCS |
Technical assistance. Objective is to maintain up-to-date, published
surveys (and soil survey data in other formats) of counties or other
areas of comparable size for use by interested agencies, organizations,
and individuals; and to assist in the use of this information. |
N/P |
S/L/N/B/I |
| Federal Crop Insurance Program |
USDA, Risk Management Agency (RMA) |
Direct payments of insurance claims. Insurance against unavoidable
causes of loss such as adverse weather conditions, fire, insects,
or other natural disasters beyond the producer’s control. |
No activating mechanism is needed, but availability is based on
crop-specific sales, closing dates, and the availability of crops
in particular counties |
I |
| Business and Industrial Loan Program (B&I;) |
USDA, Rural Business Service |
Guaranteed and direct loans up to $10 million. Possible disaster
uses include drilling wells, purchasing water, or tying into other
water programs. |
AWD |
B/N/T and public bodies |
| Rural Housing Site Loans |
USDA, Rural Housing Service (RHS) |
Loans for the purchase and development of housing and necessary
equipment that becomes a permanent part of the development (e.g.,
water and sewer lines). |
AWD |
N |
| Rural Rental Housing Loans |
USDA, RHS |
Loans for the purchase, building, or repair of rental housing. Funds
can also be used to provide water and waste disposal systems. |
AWD |
I/S/L/B |
| Emergency Community Water Assistance Grants (ECWAG) |
USDA, Rural Utilities Service (RUS) |
Project grants to help rural residents obtain adequate water supplies. |
PD |
S/L/N |
| Water and Waste Disposal Loans and Grants |
USDA, RUS |
Project grants and direct and guaranteed loans to develop, replace,
or repair water and waste disposal systems in rural areas and towns
having populations of 10,000 or less. |
AWD |
L/N/T |
| Voluntary Organizations Recovery Assistance |
American Red Cross, Mennonite Disaster Service, Salvation Army,
and member organizations of the National Voluntary Organizations Active
in Disaster |
Mass care (shelter and feeding), welfare inquiries, health and mental
health services, child care, home repairs (labor and funding), emergency
communications, debris removal, burn services, cleaning supplies,
personal property, distribution of supplies, transportation, loan
personnel, and other specialized programs and services. |
Disaster event |
I |
| Economic Adjustment Program — Disaster Economic Recovery Assistance |
Department of Commerce (DOC), Economic Development Administration
(EDA) |
Planning and technical assistance grants to State and local governments
for strategic recovery planning and implementation to focus on job
retention/creation to help offset the economic impacts of a major
disaster. |
PD; requires supplemental appropriation (S) |
S/L/N/T |
| Economic Adjustment Program — Disaster Economic Recovery Assistance |
DOC, EDA |
Revolving loan fund grants to State and local governments to provide
a source of local financing to support business and economic recovery
after a major disaster where other financing is insufficient or unavailable. |
PD; SA |
S/L/N/T |
| Economic Adjustment Program — Disaster Economic Recovery Assistance |
DOC, EDA |
Infrastructure construction grants to address local recovery implementation
needs for new or improved publicly owned infrastructure after a major
disaster, support job creation and retention, leverage private investment,
and help accelerate and safeguard the overall economic recovery of
the disaster-impacted area. |
PD; SA |
S/L/N/T |
| Corporation for National Service (CNS) Programs |
CNS |
Volunteers of all ages/backgrounds provide short/long-term response
and recovery assistance. They are available through the community
or national deployment. |
PD |
F/S/N/T |
| Beach Erosion Control Projects |
Department of Defense (DOD), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) |
Specialized services. USACE designs and constructs the project. |
Decision of the Chief of Engineers |
S/L |
| Emergency Rehabilitation of Flood Control Works or Federally Authorized
Coastal Protection Works |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services to assist in the repair and restoration of
public works damaged by flood, extraordinary wind, wave, or water
action. |
Approval by HQUSACE |
S/L/N/I |
| Emergency Water Supply and Drought Assistance Programs |
DOD, USACE |
Emergency supplies of clean drinking water for human consumption
and construction of wells. |
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works designates the area
as “drought distressed” |
L |
| Flood and Post-Flood Response, Emergency Operations |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services, such as flood fighting and rescue, protection
of federally constructed shore or hurricane projects, and postflood
response assistance. |
Designation by USACE district commander |
S/L |
| Watercourse Navigation: Protecting, Clearing, and Straightening
Channels |
DOD, USACE |
Specialized services, such as clearing or removing unreasonable
obstructions to navigation in rivers, harbors, and other waterways
or tributaries. |
Decision of the Chief of Engineers |
S/L |
| Community Disaster Loan Program |
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) |
Program provides loans not greater than 25 percent of the local
government’s annual operating budget. |
PD |
L |
| Cora C. Brown Fund |
DHS |
Grants to disaster victims for unmet disaster-related needs. |
PD, designation for individual assistance |
I |
| Crisis Counseling Assistance and Training Program (CCP) |
DHS; Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) |
Grants to States providing for short-term counseling services to
disaster victims. |
Governor’s request |
I, via S |
| Fire Suppression Assistance Program |
DHS |
Project grants. DHS approves a grant to a State on the condition
that the State takes measures to mitigate natural hazards, including
consideration of nonstructural alternatives. |
Decision by DHS |
S |
| Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) |
DHS |
Project grants to implement hazard mitigation plans and prevent
future loss of lives and property. |
PD |
L/N, via S |
| Individual and Family Grant (IFG) Program |
DHS |
Grants to individuals administered by the State. Objective is to
provide funds for the expenses of disaster victims that cannot be
met through insurance or other assistance programs. |
PD, designation for individual assistance; Requires specific request
by State Governor |
I, via S |
| Legal Services |
DHS |
Free legal advice and referrals. Assistance includes help with insurance
claims, counseling on landlord-tenant and mortgage problems, assistance
with home repair contracts and consumer protection matters, replacement
of legal documents, estate administration, preparation of guardianships
and conservatorships, and referrals. |
PD, designation for individual assistance |
I |
| National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) |
DHS |
Insurance benefits against losses from floods, mudflow, or flood-related
erosion. |
AWD |
I/B/S |
| NFIP, Community Assistance Program |
DHS |
Grants to States for technical assistance to resolve floodplain
management issues. |
AWD |
S/L |
| Public Assistance Program |
DHS |
Project grants. Funds can be used for clearing debris, emergency
measures, and repairing or replacing damaged structures, roads, utilities,
public buildings, and infrastructure. |
PD, designation for public assistance |
L/N, via S |
| Disaster Housing Program |
DHS |
Direct-payment grants and services. Grants include transient accommodation
reimbursement, and home repair, rental, and mortgage assistance. Services
may include a mobile home. |
PD, designation for individual assistance |
I |
| Regulatory Relief for Federally Insured Financial Institutions |
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and other Federal
regulatory agencies |
Specialized services. Supervisory agencies can grant regulatory
relief to insured institutions. Regulatory relief includes lending
assistance, extensions of reporting and publishing requirements, waivers
from appraisal regulations, and implementation of consumer protection
laws. |
PD; other disaster that affects the ability of a federally insured
financial institution to provide normal services |
N/B |
| Donation of Federal Surplus Personal Property |
General Services Administration (GSA) |
Donations of surplus personal property to eligible recipients. |
N/P |
S/L/N/ public airports |
| Disposal of Federal Surplus Real Property |
GSA |
Sale, exchange, or donations of property and goods. |
N/P |
S/L/N |
| Disaster Assistance for Older Americans |
HHS, Administration on Aging |
Direct payments to State agencies focused on aging-related services.
|
PD |
I, via S |
| Mental Health Disaster Assistance |
HHS, Public Health Service |
Project grants to provide emergency mental health and substance
abuse counseling to individuals affected by a major disaster. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating to PD |
I, via S |
| Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program — Entitlement
Grants |
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Community Planning
and Development (CPD) |
Formula grants to entitlement communities. Preferred use of funding
is for long-term needs, but funding may also be used for emergency
response activities. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating to PD |
L |
| CDBG — State’s Program |
HUD, CPD |
Formula grants to States for nonentitlement communities. Preferred
use of funding is for long-term needs, but funding may also be used
for emergency response activities. States establish methods of fund
distribution. |
Supplemental appropriation by Congress relating to PD |
L, via S |
| Mortgage Insurance for Disaster Victims Program (Section 203 (h)) |
HUD |
Provides mortgage insurance to protect lenders against the risk
of default on loans to qualified disaster victims whose homes are
located in a presidentially designated disaster area and were destroyed,
requiring reconstruction/replacement. Insured loans may be used to
finance the purchase or reconstruction of a one-family home that will
be the principal residence of the homeowner. |
PD |
I |
| Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief Act of 1991 |
Department of the Interior (DOI), Bureau of Reclamation |
Loans, grants, use of facilities, construction, management and
conservation activities, and purchase of water for resale or for fish
and wildlife services. Temporary drought assistance may include the
drilling of wells, installation of equipment, improved reporting of
conditions. |
Request for drought assistance and approval by Commissioner of Reclamation |
F/S/N/I |
| Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA) |
Department of Labor (DOL), DHS |
Direct payments of DUA benefits and reemployment assistance services.
Objective is to provide assistance to individuals who are ineligible
for regular unemployment compensation programs and who are left jobless
after a major disaster. |
PD, designation for individual assistance. PD may be limited to
DUA only |
I, via S |
| Employment: Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA), National Reserve
Emergency Dislocation Grants |
DOL, Employment and Training Administration |
Program provides States with grant money to provide individuals
with temporary jobs and/or employment assistance. |
PD |
I, via S |
| Price-Anderson Act |
American Nuclear Insurers and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)
(for commercial nuclear power plants); Department of Energy (for DOE
facilities) |
Payment of liability claims that arise from a nuclear power reactor
accident. Insurance-provided assistance may compensate victims for
increased living expenses after an evacuation, unemployment, business
losses, environmental cleanup, reduced property values, and costs
associated from bodily injury. |
AWD |
I |
| Price-Anderson Act |
NRC |
Insurance reimburses States and municipalities for costs necessarily
incurred in providing emergency food, shelter, transportation, or
police services in evacuating the public after a nuclear power reactor
accident. |
AWD |
S/L |
| Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDLs) |
Small Business Administration (SBA) |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to small businesses and agricultural
cooperatives. Loans are only available to applicants with no credit
available elsewhere, and the maximum amount of an EIDL is $1.5 million. |
PD; declaration of a disaster by the Secretary of Agriculture and/or
SBA-declared disaster |
B |
| Physical Disaster Loans (Business) |
SBA |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to businesses and nonprofit
organizations. Loans provided to repair or replace uninsured property
damages caused by disasters. Loans limited to $1.5 million. |
PD or SBA declaration |
N/B |
| Physical Disaster Loans (Individual) |
SBA |
Direct long-term, low-interest loans to homeowners and renters to
repair or replace uninsured damages caused by disasters to real and
personal property. Loan amounts limited to $200,000 to repair or replace
real estate, and to $40,000 to repair or replace personal property. |
PD or SBA declaration |
I |
| Social Security Assistance |
Social Security Administration (SSA) |
Advisory and counseling services to process SSA survivor
claims, assist in obtaining necessary evidence for claim processing,
resolve problems involving lost or destroyed SSA checks, and reprocess
lost or destroyed pending claims. |
PD; AWD |
I |
| International Donations |
Department of State (DOS) |
Donations including goods and cash. |
Request for international coordination assistance from DHS’s Donations
Coordinator |
I |
| Transportation: Emergency Relief Program |
Department of Transportation (DOT), Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA) |
Formula and project grants to repair roads. FHWA can provide: (1) up
to $100 million in funding to a State for each natural disaster or
catastrophic failure; and (2) up to $20 million in funding per year
for each U.S. territory. Special legislation may increase the $100 million
per State limit. |
PD; AWD |
F/S |
| Alcohol and Tobacco Tax Refund |
Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms |
Specialized services to provide Federal alcohol and tobacco excise
tax refunds to businesses that lost assets in a disaster. |
PD |
B |
| Savings Bonds Replacement or Redemption |
Treasury, Bureau of Public Debt |
Specialized services. Bureau of Public Debt expedites replacement
of U.S. Savings Bonds lost or destroyed as a result of a disaster. |
PD |
I |
| Taxes: Disaster Assistance Program |
Treasury, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) |
Advisory and counseling services. IRS provides information about
casualty loss deductions, claim procedures, and reconstruction of
lost financial records. |
PD |
I/B |
| Forbearance on VA Home Loans |
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) |
Encourage lenders to extend forbearance to any borrowers who have
VA home loans and who are in distress as a result of disaster; provide
incentives to such lenders. |
PD |
I |
| Coastal Zone Management; Hazards, Environmental Recovery, and Mitigation |
DOC, National Oceanic and Atmosphieric Administration (NOAA) |
Assistance to State and local governments in mitigation and recovery/restoration
planning, postevent permitting assistance, water-level data for storm-surge
and flooding prediction and mitigation. |
PD for postevent; AWD from coastal State(s) for pre-event planning |
S |
| Reestablishing Local Survey Networks |
DOC, NOAA |
Provision of survey mark data to local and State agencies for reestablishing
their geodetic control networks; reestablishment of national network
if warranted. |
PD; AWD depending on funding availability |
S/L |
| Coastal Zone Management Administration Awards |
DOC, NOAA |
Grants to States for the management of coastal development to protect
life and property from coastal hazards. |
AWD requires supplemental appropriation by Congress relating to
PD for poststorm coastal hazard mitigation and recovery activities |
S/L/T via S |
| Coastal Zone Management Fund |
DOC, NOAA |
Emergency grants to State coastal zone management agencies to address
unforeseen or disaster-related circumstances. |
AWD subject to amounts provided in appropriation acts; no funds
currently appropriated |
S/L/T via S |
| Technical Support |
DOC, NOAA, National Weather Service |
Technical assistance for weather, water, and climate warning systems
and critical information dissemination systems. Poststorm data acquisition
activities. |
AWD |
F/S/L/N/T |
| Technical Support |
DOC, National Institute of Standards and Technology |
Disaster damage surveys, assistance in procurement of consulting
services, evaluation of structural and fire performance of buildings
and lifelines. |
Federally declared disasters to buildings and lifelines, on cost-reimbursable
basis |
F/S/L |
