United States Sentencing Commission

1997 Annual Report
Table of Contents

U.S. Sentencing Commission - Year In Review
Sentencing Policy
Data and Research
Training, Education, and Public Information
Changes in Commission Membership
Chapter One - Commission Overview
Introduction
A Brief History of Federal Sentencing Reform
Agency Overview
Commissioners
Organization
Staffing
Budget and Expenditures
Chapter Two - The Sentencing Guidelines
Guideline Amendments
Introduction
Amendments Promulgated
Assistance to Congress
Other Policy Initiatives
Cocaine Sentencing Policy
Money Laundering Sentencing Policy
Economic Crimes Guidelines
Chapter Three - Legal Issues
Introduction
U.S. Supreme Court Decisions
Decisions on Guideline Sentencing Issues
Acquitted Conduct
Consecutive Sentence Requirement Under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)
Career Offender Guideline
Certiorari Granted
Decisions of the United States Courts of Appeals
Post-Koon Appellate Departure Decisions
The "Safety Valve"
Chapter Four - Guideline Training and Education
Internet Web Site
Public Information
Publications and Training Materials
Training
Training New Appointees
Defense Attorney Training Initiative
District-Based Guideline Education
"High-Tech" Approaches to Training
HelpLine
Calls Received in 1997
Temporary Assignment Programs
Presentations
Chapter Five - Research
Statutory Requirements
Data Collection
Data Collection Issues
Summary of 1997 Findings
Sentencing Individual Offenders
Offender Characteristics
Guideline Cases
Guideline Application
Departures and Sentences Within the Guideline Range
Drug Cases
Immigration Cases
Summary
Organizational Sentencing Practices
Offense Characteristics
Offender Characteristics
Sanctions Imposed
Significant Case Law
Appeals Data
Summary of Information Received
Issues and Guidelines Appealed
Offense and Offender Characteristics
Research Studies
Departure Issues
Substantial Assistance Departures
Departures After Koon vs. U.S.
Disparity Issues
Advisory Panel on Disparity Research
Inter-Judge Disparity
Race and Gender Sentencing Disparity
Disparity Issues in the Circuit Courts
Intensive Study Sample
Research Presentations at the Annual ASC Meeting
Data Enhancement and Promotion
Prison Impact Assessment
Data Analyses for the Courts
Appendix A - Data Collection Issues
Assessing the Completeness of Commission Case Receipt
Changes in the Number of Defendants in 1997
Characteristics of Cases Received After the District Submission Request
Assessing the Completeness and Representativeness of the Commission's Datafile