|
|
|
|
Services Research Outcomes Study (SROS) |
Table B-1. Percentage who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-2.Percentage in inpatient treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-3.Percentage in residential treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-4.Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-5.Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-6.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before treatment
Table B-7. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
Table B-8.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
Table B-9.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
Table B-10. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
Table B-11. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-12.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
Table B-13.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
Table B-14.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
Table B-15.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
Table B-16.Percentage who used alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-17. Percentage who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-18. Percentage who used marijuana during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-19. Percentage who used cocaine during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-21. Percentage who used heroin during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-22. Percentage in inpatient treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-23. Percentage in residential treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-24. Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-25. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-26. Percentage who reported any criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-27. Percentage in inpatient treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-28. Percentage in residential treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-29. Percentage in methadone maintenance treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-30. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-31. Percentage who drove under the influence during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-32. Percentage who drove while intoxicated during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-34. Percentage who engaged in prostitution/procurement during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-35. Percentage who engaged in theft/larceny during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-36. Percentage who engaged in breaking and entering during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-37. Percentage who violated parole during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-38. Percentage with Selected Lifestyle characteristics during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-39. Percentage who were employed full-time during the five years before and after treatment
Table B-40. Percentage who received additional treatment after SROS episode and mean number of episodes
Table B-41. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-42. Correlates of any drug use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-43. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
: Results of logistic regression models
Table B-44. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-45. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-46. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-47. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
:
Results of OLS regression models
Table B-48. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of OLS regression models
Table B-49. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of OLS regression models
Table B-50. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of OLS regression models
Table B-51. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of OLS regression models
Table B-52. Correlates of drug selling in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-53. Correlates of prostitution/procurement in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-54. Correlates of larceny/theft in the five years after treatment (Tx):
Results of logistic regression models
Table B-55. Correlates of breaking and entering in the five years
after treatment
(Tx): Results of logistic regression models
APPENDIX B: DETAILED TABLES
Table B-1. Percentage who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Percentage using 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
After
|
(n)
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
90.7
|
1,794
|
77.8
|
1,790
|
-13.1
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,787
|
|
-14
|
960,561
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any illicit drug
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
967,012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
56.5
|
1,789
|
41.0
|
1,774
|
-16.0
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,774
|
|
-28
|
952,103
|
Cocaine
|
42.9
|
1,788
|
23.4
|
1,790
|
-19.5
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,785
|
|
-45
|
958,818
|
Crack
|
29.0
|
1,791
|
24.3
|
1,786
|
-4.8
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,784
|
|
-17
|
957,890
|
Heroin
|
13.8
|
1,791
|
12.0
|
1,788
|
-1.9
|
*
|
0.7
|
1,787
|
|
-14
|
959,101
|
Inhalants
|
4.3
|
1,787
|
2.0
|
1,782
|
-2.3
|
*
|
0.7
|
1,782
|
|
-53
|
958,560
|
PCP
|
4.5
|
1,790
|
1.8
|
1,782
|
-2.7
|
*
|
0.5
|
1,782
|
|
-60
|
957,052
|
Hallucinogens
|
13.1
|
1,788
|
5.7
|
1,778
|
-7.4
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,778
|
|
-56
|
955,836
|
Illegal methadone
|
2.9
|
1,789
|
2.2
|
1,789
|
-0.6
|
|
0.4
|
1,789
|
|
n.s.
|
961,428
|
Narcotics
|
8.8
|
1,786
|
6.1
|
1,786
|
-2.7
|
*
|
0.6
|
1,786
|
|
-31
|
960,152
|
Methamphetamines
|
14.3
|
1,789
|
8.1
|
1,781
|
-6.2
|
*
|
1.2
|
1,780
|
|
-43
|
958,332
|
Downers
|
14.7
|
1,790
|
7.6
|
1,782
|
-7.1
|
*
|
0.8
|
1,782
|
|
-48
|
958,638
|
Other
|
6.5
|
1,755
|
3.2
|
1,755
|
-3.4
|
*
|
0.5
|
1,755
|
|
-52
|
944,695
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-2.Percentage in inpatient treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Percentage using 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
91.8
|
697
|
|
78.7
|
699
|
|
-13.4
|
*
|
1.7
|
696
|
|
-15
|
355,66 5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any illicit drug
|
77.7
|
700
|
|
58.4
|
700
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
1.9
|
700
|
|
-25
|
357,95 4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
54.8
|
696
|
|
36.0
|
690
|
|
-19.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
690
|
|
-35
|
353,16 1
|
Cocaine
|
45.2
|
695
|
|
23.8
|
697
|
|
-21.3
|
*
|
2.5
|
694
|
|
-47
|
353,29 6
|
Crack
|
36.5
|
698
|
|
31.2
|
696
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
2.2
|
695
|
|
-14
|
355,52 3
|
Heroin
|
14.5
|
697
|
|
12.6
|
695
|
|
-1.9
|
|
1.1
|
695
|
|
n.s.
|
354,54 9
|
Inhalants
|
4.6
|
697
|
|
1.6
|
696
|
|
-3.0
|
*
|
0.7
|
696
|
|
-65
|
355,32 1
|
PCP
|
4.1
|
696
|
|
1.4
|
693
|
|
-2.8
|
*
|
0.7
|
693
|
|
-68
|
353,73 1
|
Hallucinogens
|
10.9
|
697
|
|
3.9
|
695
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
1.2
|
695
|
|
-64
|
355,85 8
|
Illegal methadone
|
3.4
|
696
|
|
2.2
|
696
|
|
-1.2
|
|
0.8
|
696
|
|
n.s.
|
355,49 3
|
Narcotics
|
9.4
|
695
|
|
6.0
|
695
|
|
-3.4
|
*
|
1.0
|
695
|
|
-36
|
354,98 2
|
Methamphetamines
|
14.0
|
697
|
|
7.1
|
696
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
2.0
|
696
|
|
-49
|
356,308
|
Downers
|
14.8
|
697
|
|
7.9
|
694
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
1.0
|
694
|
|
-47
|
355,19 9
|
Other
|
8.0
|
680
|
|
3.5
|
680
|
|
-4.5
|
*
|
0.7
|
680
|
|
-56
|
348,06 4
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990 who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-3.Percentage in residential treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Percentage using 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
92.1
|
326
|
|
81.3
|
325
|
|
-10.8
|
*
|
2.3
|
325
|
|
-12
|
173,62 7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any illicit drug
|
88.8
|
326
|
|
68.6
|
326
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
2.5
|
326
|
|
-23
|
173,81 1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
67.9
|
323
|
|
47.1
|
320
|
|
-21.6
|
*
|
3.1
|
320
|
|
-32
|
170,71 3
|
Cocaine
|
53.4
|
324
|
|
24.3
|
324
|
|
-29.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
323
|
|
-55
|
171,99 9
|
Crack
|
48.5
|
324
|
|
33.8
|
322
|
|
-15.3
|
*
|
4.4
|
321
|
|
-32
|
170,54 2
|
Heroin
|
9.2
|
323
|
|
9.0
|
324
|
|
-0.2
|
|
1.4
|
323
|
|
n.s.
|
172,00 6
|
Inhalants
|
7.3
|
324
|
|
3.1
|
322
|
|
-3.9
|
|
2.1
|
322
|
|
n.s.
|
170,79 4
|
PCP
|
5.4
|
324
|
|
1.6
|
321
|
|
-3.9
|
*
|
1.6
|
321
|
|
-72
|
170,58 8
|
Hallucinogens
|
19.2
|
322
|
|
6.5
|
320
|
|
-12.9
|
*
|
2.9
|
320
|
|
-67
|
169,31 7
|
Illegal methadone
|
2.2
|
323
|
|
1.9
|
323
|
|
-0.3
|
|
1.2
|
323
|
|
n.s.
|
171,95 7
|
Narcotics
|
12.3
|
321
|
|
9.1
|
321
|
|
-3.2
|
|
1.7
|
321
|
|
n.s.
|
171,30 0
|
Methamphetamines
|
23.1
|
323
|
|
14.9
|
321
|
|
-8.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
320
|
|
-36
|
170,164
|
Downers
|
19.9
|
323
|
|
12.5
|
321
|
|
-7.6
|
*
|
1.4
|
321
|
|
-38
|
171,33 5
|
Other
|
7.4
|
321
|
|
5.3
|
321
|
|
-2.1
|
|
1.1
|
321
|
|
n.s.
|
170,90 9
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-4.Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Percentage using 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
78.0
|
217
|
|
63.8
|
216
|
|
-14.6
|
*
|
3.4
|
216
|
|
-19
|
47,630
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any illicit drug
|
95.2
|
217
|
|
86.1
|
217
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
217
|
|
-10
|
47,871
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
58.5
|
216
|
|
39.3
|
215
|
|
-19.4
|
*
|
3.2
|
215
|
|
-33
|
47,558
|
Cocaine
|
61.2
|
217
|
|
49.3
|
216
|
|
-12.0
|
*
|
4.4
|
216
|
|
-20
|
47,711
|
Crack
|
24.2
|
215
|
|
23.7
|
215
|
|
-0.5
|
|
5.9
|
215
|
|
n.s.
|
47,248
|
Heroin
|
82.1
|
216
|
|
60.1
|
216
|
|
-22.1
|
*
|
5.1
|
216
|
|
-27
|
47,820
|
Inhalants
|
1.6
|
215
|
|
1.0
|
213
|
|
-0.7
|
|
0.5
|
213
|
|
n.s.
|
47,180
|
PCP
|
3.4
|
216
|
|
0.7
|
215
|
|
-2.6
|
*
|
1.0
|
215
|
|
-76
|
47,662
|
Hallucinogens
|
12.4
|
215
|
|
3.8
|
214
|
|
-8.6
|
*
|
2.9
|
214
|
|
-69
|
47,507
|
Illegal methadone
|
15.4
|
216
|
|
10.9
|
216
|
|
-4.5
|
*
|
2.2
|
216
|
|
-29
|
47,820
|
Narcotics
|
17.0
|
216
|
|
12.4
|
216
|
|
-4.6
|
*
|
2.0
|
216
|
|
-27
|
47,713
|
Methamphetamines
|
11.1
|
215
|
|
3.1
|
214
|
|
-8.1
|
*
|
2.3
|
214
|
|
-73
|
47,421
|
Downers
|
28.8
|
216
|
|
14.7
|
214
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
3.0
|
214
|
|
-50
|
46,924
|
Other
|
9.6
|
212
|
|
5.4
|
212
|
|
-4.3
|
|
2.2
|
212
|
|
n.s.
|
47,000
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-5.Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used drugs and alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Percentage using 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
90.5
|
554
|
|
77.1
|
550
|
|
-13.5
|
*
|
3.2
|
550
|
|
-15
|
383,639
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any illicit drug
|
64.9
|
556
|
|
52.6
|
556
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
556
|
|
-19
|
387,375
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
52.8
|
554
|
|
43.2
|
549
|
|
-10.2
|
*
|
2.6
|
549
|
|
-19
|
380,671
|
Cocaine
|
33.9
|
552
|
|
19.5
|
553
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
552
|
|
-42
|
385,813
|
Crack
|
14.0
|
554
|
|
13.7
|
553
|
|
-0.3
|
|
2.2
|
553
|
|
n.s.
|
384,577
|
Heroin
|
6.7
|
555
|
|
6.7
|
553
|
|
-0.1
|
|
1.3
|
553
|
|
n.s.
|
384,726
|
Inhalants
|
3.0
|
551
|
|
1.9
|
551
|
|
-1.1
|
|
1.2
|
551
|
|
n.s.
|
385,266
|
PCP
|
4.5
|
554
|
|
2.4
|
553
|
|
-2.1
|
*
|
1.0
|
553
|
|
-47
|
385,072
|
Hallucinogens
|
12.5
|
554
|
|
7.4
|
549
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
1.6
|
549
|
|
-42
|
383,155
|
Illegal methadone
|
1.1
|
554
|
|
1.2
|
554
|
|
0.1
|
|
0.6
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
386,157
|
Narcotics
|
5.7
|
554
|
|
4.2
|
554
|
|
-1.5
|
|
2.0
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
386,157
|
Methamphetamines
|
10.9
|
554
|
|
6.6
|
550
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
2.3
|
550
|
|
-39
|
384,439
|
Downers
|
10.4
|
554
|
|
4.2
|
553
|
|
-6.3
|
*
|
3.1
|
553
|
|
-61
|
385,180
|
Other
|
4.4
|
542
|
|
1.6
|
542
|
|
-2.8
|
*
|
2.2
|
542
|
|
-64
|
378,721
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-6.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
16.8
|
1,374
|
|
10.7
|
1,296
|
|
-5.5
|
*
|
0.5
|
1,296
|
|
-33
|
748,089
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
14.6
|
875
|
|
7.1
|
840
|
|
-7.1
|
*
|
0.5
|
840
|
|
-49
|
471,431
|
Cocaine
|
12.1
|
725
|
|
4.7
|
701
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
0.5
|
701
|
|
-60
|
377,410
|
Crack
|
16.2
|
445
|
|
8.6
|
428
|
|
-7.6
|
*
|
0.8
|
428
|
|
-47
|
245,086
|
Heroin
|
21.2
|
312
|
|
13.4
|
298
|
|
-7.6
|
*
|
0.9
|
298
|
|
-36
|
120,217
|
Inhalants
|
7.7
|
84
|
|
1.8
|
84
|
|
-6.0
|
*
|
1.3
|
84
|
|
-78
|
36,510
|
PCP
|
8.8
|
77
|
|
2.5
|
77
|
|
-6.2
|
*
|
1.3
|
77
|
|
-70
|
40,236
|
Hallucinogens
|
4.5
|
232
|
|
1.7
|
229
|
|
-2.8
|
*
|
0.7
|
229
|
|
-62
|
121,655
|
Illegal methadone
|
8.3
|
74
|
|
3.2
|
74
|
|
-5.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
74
|
|
-61
|
26,738
|
Narcotics
|
10.5
|
163
|
|
4.4
|
159
|
|
-5.8
|
*
|
0.9
|
159
|
|
-55
|
77,093
|
Methamphetamines
|
12.0
|
249
|
|
3.7
|
242
|
|
-8.0
|
*
|
1.1
|
242
|
|
-67
|
128,597
|
Downers
|
10.1
|
276
|
|
5.0
|
272
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
0.7
|
272
|
|
-51
|
130,167
|
Other
|
15.0
|
105
|
|
4.7
|
103
|
|
-10.4
|
*
|
1.5
|
103
|
|
-69
|
56,449
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-7. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
18.2
|
546
|
|
11.6
|
509
|
|
-6.1
|
*
|
0.8
|
508
|
|
-34
|
263,618
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
14.6
|
319
|
|
5.7
|
308
|
|
-8.5
|
*
|
0.7
|
308
|
|
-58
|
160,952
|
Cocaine
|
13.7
|
268
|
|
5.3
|
261
|
|
-8.1
|
*
|
0.6
|
261
|
|
-59
|
141,104
|
Crack
|
16.5
|
193
|
|
10.0
|
188
|
|
-6.6
|
*
|
0.7
|
188
|
|
-40
|
108,069
|
Heroin
|
22.3
|
87
|
|
13.8
|
83
|
|
-8.4
|
*
|
1.1
|
83
|
|
-38
|
44,825
|
Inhalants
|
12.2
|
35
|
|
2.5
|
35
|
|
-9.7
|
*
|
2.5
|
35
|
|
-80
|
13,719
|
PCP
|
10.2
|
24
|
|
3.2
|
24
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
1.1
|
24
|
|
-68
|
13,301
|
Hallucinogens
|
4.8
|
76
|
|
1.9
|
76
|
|
-2.9
|
*
|
1.0
|
76
|
|
-60
|
37,230
|
Illegal methadone
|
8.9
|
22
|
|
2.5
|
22
|
|
-6.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
22
|
|
-73
|
11,969
|
Narcotics
|
8.4
|
52
|
|
3.9
|
52
|
|
-4.5
|
*
|
1.0
|
52
|
|
-54
|
29,032
|
Methamphetamines
|
13.3
|
90
|
|
3.5
|
87
|
|
-9.5
|
*
|
1.0
|
87
|
|
-71
|
43,472
|
Downers
|
11.7
|
94
|
|
5.1
|
92
|
|
-6.8
|
*
|
1.2
|
92
|
|
-58
|
49,512
|
Other
|
13.3
|
49
|
|
4.5
|
48
|
|
-8.6
|
*
|
1.7
|
48
|
|
-65
|
24,528
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-8.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
18.2
|
246
|
|
12.3
|
228
|
|
-5.5
|
*
|
1.1
|
228
|
|
-30
|
120,690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
15.8
|
186
|
|
8.1
|
179
|
|
-7.3
|
*
|
1.3
|
179
|
|
-46
|
96,774
|
Cocaine
|
9.8
|
153
|
|
3.1
|
148
|
|
-6.3
|
*
|
1.1
|
148
|
|
-64
|
83,049
|
Crack
|
18.7
|
129
|
|
7.3
|
121
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
121
|
|
-59
|
69,289
|
Heroin
|
17.7
|
30
|
|
12.2
|
28
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
2.0
|
28
|
|
-29
|
13,795
|
Inhalants
|
5.6
|
22
|
|
1.3
|
22
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
1.0
|
22
|
|
-77
|
10,297
|
PCP
|
9.3
|
20
|
|
0.2
|
20
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
4.0
|
20
|
|
-98
|
9,238
|
Hallucinogens
|
4.8
|
64
|
|
1.2
|
62
|
|
-3.6
|
*
|
1.1
|
62
|
|
-75
|
31,181
|
Illegal methadone
|
3.2
|
6
|
|
3.5
|
6
|
|
0.3
|
|
2.9
|
6
|
|
n.a.
|
3,847
|
Narcotics
|
10.1
|
36
|
|
4.1
|
35
|
|
-5.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
35
|
|
-54
|
18,777
|
Methamphetamines
|
10.8
|
64
|
|
3.4
|
62
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
1.4
|
62
|
|
-64
|
36,498
|
Downers
|
6.7
|
64
|
|
4.3
|
63
|
|
-2.5
|
*
|
0.8
|
63
|
|
-37
|
32,108
|
Other
|
14.7
|
21
|
|
8.2
|
20
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
2.2
|
20
|
|
-49
|
10,765
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-9.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
14.9
|
141
|
|
10.5
|
139
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
139
|
|
-29
|
32,673
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
13.2
|
102
|
|
5.5
|
98
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
1.3
|
98
|
|
-55
|
24,471
|
Cocaine
|
13.8
|
116
|
|
8.2
|
108
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
1.2
|
108
|
|
-41
|
24,122
|
Crack
|
11.9
|
45
|
|
7.3
|
41
|
|
-4.6
|
*
|
1.1
|
41
|
|
-39
|
10,326
|
Heroin
|
24.4
|
156
|
|
14.8
|
148
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
1.2
|
148
|
|
-39
|
33,791
|
Inhalants
|
11.7
|
3
|
|
4.8
|
3
|
|
-6.9
|
|
6.4
|
3
|
|
n.a.
|
775
|
PCP
|
7.9
|
9
|
|
0.8
|
9
|
|
-7.1
|
*
|
3.2
|
9
|
|
n.a.
|
1,567
|
Hallucinogens
|
3.0
|
23
|
|
0.6
|
23
|
|
-2.3
|
*
|
0.6
|
23
|
|
-77
|
5,897
|
Illegal methadone
|
8.7
|
37
|
|
4.4
|
37
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
1.9
|
37
|
|
-49
|
6,960
|
Narcotics
|
12.9
|
37
|
|
4.0
|
36
|
|
-9.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
36
|
|
-70
|
7,695
|
Methamphetamines
|
11.2
|
25
|
|
1.8
|
25
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
25
|
|
-84
|
5,312
|
Downers
|
9.7
|
57
|
|
3.5
|
56
|
|
-6.2
|
*
|
1.0
|
56
|
|
-64
|
12,882
|
Other
|
20.4
|
13
|
|
12.6
|
13
|
|
-7.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
13
|
|
n.a.
|
3,726
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-10. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug during the five years before treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
15.0
|
441
|
|
9.3
|
420
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
9.3
|
420
|
|
-35
|
285,078
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
14.1
|
268
|
|
8.0
|
255
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
1.1
|
255
|
|
-40
|
16,800
|
Cocaine
|
11.6
|
188
|
|
4.3
|
184
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
1.0
|
184
|
|
-62
|
118,051
|
Crack
|
13.0
|
78
|
|
7.7
|
78
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
78
|
|
-41
|
48,232
|
Heroin
|
16.1
|
39
|
|
11.1
|
39
|
|
-5.0
|
|
2.6
|
39
|
|
n.s.
|
23,448
|
Inhalants
|
4.2
|
24
|
|
1.1
|
24
|
|
-3.1
|
*
|
1.4
|
24
|
|
-74
|
11,719
|
PCP
|
7.4
|
24
|
|
3.5
|
24
|
|
-3.9
|
|
2.1
|
24
|
|
n.s.
|
16,130
|
Hallucinogens
|
4.2
|
69
|
|
2.1
|
68
|
|
-2.1
|
|
1.4
|
68
|
|
n.s.
|
45,360
|
Illegal methadone
|
10.9
|
9
|
|
3.3
|
9
|
|
-7.6
|
|
7.0
|
9
|
|
n.a.
|
3,962
|
Narcotics
|
13.0
|
38
|
|
5.4
|
36
|
|
-6.6
|
*
|
2.2
|
36
|
|
-51
|
19,708
|
Methamphetamines
|
11.9
|
70
|
|
4.3
|
68
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
2.6
|
68
|
|
-59
|
39,905
|
Downers
|
11.3
|
61
|
|
6.2
|
61
|
|
-5.1
|
|
2.2
|
61
|
|
n.s.
|
34,307
|
Other
|
16.6
|
22
|
|
0.8
|
22
|
|
-15.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
22
|
|
-95
|
16,027
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-11. Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents who used the drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
15.7
|
1,123
|
|
13.3
|
1,045
|
|
-2.4
|
*
|
0.4
|
1,045
|
|
-15
|
537,084
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
15.2
|
560
|
|
10.9
|
525
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
0.6
|
525
|
|
-28
|
292,921
|
Cocaine
|
13.7
|
342
|
|
10.8
|
318
|
|
-2.9
|
*
|
0.7
|
318
|
|
-21
|
158,608
|
Crack
|
16.7
|
260
|
|
15.0
|
243
|
|
-1.8
|
*
|
0.8
|
243
|
|
-11
|
136,078
|
Heroin
|
23.1
|
212
|
|
21.3
|
198
|
|
-1.8
|
|
0.9
|
198
|
|
n.s.
|
72,740
|
Inhalants
|
7.2
|
20
|
|
7.6
|
20
|
|
0.4
|
|
3.4
|
20
|
|
n.s.
|
8,492
|
PCP
|
15.8
|
18
|
|
11.1
|
18
|
|
-4.6
|
|
2.8
|
18
|
|
n.a.
|
9,208
|
Hallucinogens
|
5.5
|
65
|
|
5.9
|
62
|
|
0.5
|
|
1.3
|
62
|
|
n.s.
|
35,400
|
Illegal methadone
|
5.5
|
32
|
|
8.2
|
32
|
|
2.6
|
*
|
1.2
|
32
|
|
47
|
10,616
|
Narcotics
|
11.3
|
81
|
|
9.0
|
77
|
|
-2.2
|
|
1.2
|
77
|
|
n.s.
|
36,492
|
Methamphetamines
|
11.7
|
91
|
|
9.5
|
84
|
|
-2.2
|
|
1.4
|
84
|
|
n.s.
|
48,510
|
Downers
|
12.0
|
130
|
|
10.7
|
126
|
|
-1.3
|
|
1.2
|
126
|
|
n.s.
|
60,553
|
Other
|
15.9
|
33
|
|
14.7
|
31
|
|
-1.2
|
|
1.2
|
31
|
|
n.s.
|
17,624
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-12.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in inpatient treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
17.9
|
449
|
|
14.1
|
412
|
|
-3.0
|
*
|
0.7
|
412
|
|
-17
|
215,981
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
16.3
|
193
|
|
9.6
|
182
|
|
-6.2
|
*
|
0.8
|
182
|
|
-38
|
96,405
|
Cocaine
|
15.3
|
117
|
|
12.1
|
110
|
|
-2.4
|
*
|
0.9
|
110
|
|
-16
|
61,633
|
Crack
|
16.4
|
128
|
|
15.3
|
123
|
|
-1.4
|
|
0.8
|
123
|
|
n.s.
|
70,975
|
Heroin
|
24.8
|
56
|
|
21.9
|
52
|
|
-3.1
|
*
|
1.0
|
52
|
|
-13
|
28,262
|
Inhalants
|
15.9
|
5
|
|
15.8
|
5
|
|
-0.1
|
|
13.0
|
5
|
|
n.a.
|
2,195
|
PCP
|
18.9
|
6
|
|
13.2
|
6
|
|
-5.7
|
|
5.0
|
6
|
|
n.a.
|
3,263
|
Hallucinogens
|
8.5
|
17
|
|
8.0
|
17
|
|
-0.5
|
|
2.6
|
17
|
|
n.a.
|
8,832
|
Illegal methadone
|
5.9
|
8
|
|
6.4
|
8
|
|
0.5
|
|
0.5
|
8
|
|
n.a.
|
4,606
|
Narcotics
|
9.9
|
22
|
|
8.4
|
22
|
|
-1.5
|
|
1.2
|
22
|
|
n.s.
|
13,593
|
Methamphetamines
|
12.9
|
31
|
|
10.3
|
28
|
|
-1.9
|
|
1.6
|
28
|
|
n.s.
|
14,896
|
Downers
|
13.9
|
42
|
|
12.2
|
40
|
|
-2.2
|
|
2.1
|
40
|
|
n.s.
|
20,777
|
Other
|
16.0
|
16
|
|
13.5
|
15
|
|
-2.0
|
|
2.4
|
15
|
|
n.a.
|
8,213
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-13.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in residential treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
18.2
|
213
|
|
14.5
|
195
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
1.0
|
195
|
|
-18
|
102,64 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
17.3
|
123
|
|
12.9
|
116
|
|
-4.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
116
|
|
-23
|
60,765
|
Cocaine
|
12.4
|
67
|
|
8.0
|
62
|
|
-3.6
|
*
|
1.7
|
62
|
|
-29
|
32,387
|
Crack
|
20.5
|
62
|
|
16.8
|
54
|
|
-3.3
|
*
|
1.5
|
54
|
|
-16
|
30,148
|
Heroin
|
20.1
|
17
|
|
21.1
|
15
|
|
1.3
|
*
|
0.6
|
15
|
|
n.a.
|
8,000
|
Inhalants
|
4.2
|
7
|
|
4.6
|
7
|
|
0.4
|
|
0.4
|
7
|
|
n.a.
|
2,918
|
PCP
|
17.2
|
3
|
|
1.2
|
3
|
|
-16.0
|
*
|
7.6
|
3
|
|
n.a.
|
1,328
|
Hallucinogens
|
5.3
|
17
|
|
5.7
|
15
|
|
0.4
|
|
2.5
|
15
|
|
n.a.
|
6,618
|
Illegal methadone
|
8.0
|
1
|
|
26.0
|
1
|
|
18.0
|
|
0.0
|
1
|
|
n.a.
|
521
|
Narcotics
|
10.5
|
19
|
|
7.9
|
18
|
|
-1.7
|
|
2.0
|
18
|
|
n.a.
|
9,845
|
Methamphetamines
|
11.6
|
27
|
|
7.2
|
25
|
|
-3.5
|
|
1.9
|
25
|
|
n.s.
|
17,491
|
Downers
|
8.0
|
33
|
|
7.7
|
32
|
|
-0.4
|
|
0.7
|
32
|
|
n.s.
|
17,798
|
Other
|
17.5
|
8
|
|
18.7
|
7
|
|
-0.9
|
|
1.7
|
3
|
|
n.a.
|
4,705
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-14.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient methadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
15.5
|
105
|
|
13.6
|
103
|
|
-1.7
|
|
1.9
|
103
|
|
n.s.
|
25,143
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
15.7
|
56
|
|
9.3
|
52
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
2.0
|
52
|
|
-36
|
14,645
|
Cocaine
|
15.6
|
78
|
|
11.9
|
70
|
|
-4.0
|
*
|
1.7
|
70
|
|
-26
|
16,596
|
Crack
|
15.3
|
25
|
|
13.8
|
21
|
|
-1.7
|
|
1.4
|
21
|
|
n.s.
|
5,456
|
Heroin
|
26.2
|
115
|
|
21.9
|
107
|
|
-4.0
|
*
|
1.0
|
107
|
|
-15
|
22,863
|
Inhalants
|
8.0
|
1
|
|
8.0
|
1
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
1
|
|
n.a.
|
465
|
PCP
|
3.5
|
2
|
|
4.2
|
2
|
|
0.7
|
|
0.9
|
2
|
|
n.a.
|
311
|
Hallucinogens
|
3.5
|
5
|
|
2.4
|
5
|
|
-1.1
|
|
1.0
|
5
|
|
n.a.
|
1,562
|
Illegal methadone
|
6.3
|
18
|
|
9.4
|
18
|
|
3.1
|
|
2.1
|
18
|
|
n.a.
|
3,281
|
Narcotics
|
13.6
|
21
|
|
6.9
|
20
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
3.1
|
20
|
|
-51
|
4,488
|
Methamphetamines
|
23.6
|
6
|
|
9.5
|
6
|
|
-14.0
|
*
|
4.5
|
6
|
|
n.a.
|
977
|
Downers
|
11.2
|
27
|
|
7.8
|
26
|
|
-3.4
|
|
1.9
|
26
|
|
n.s.
|
5,745
|
Other
|
24.0
|
5
|
|
24.0
|
5
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
5
|
|
n.a.
|
1,960
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-15.Number of days per month used specific drugs in five years before and after treatment, among respondents in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used the drug before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Drug
|
Number of days used
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
14.2
|
356
|
|
11.9
|
335
|
|
-1.6
|
*
|
0.7
|
335
|
|
-11
|
223,32 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marijuana
|
14.3
|
188
|
|
11.1
|
175
|
|
-2.7
|
*
|
0.8
|
175
|
|
-19
|
121,10 7
|
Cocaine
|
13.5
|
80
|
|
10.7
|
76
|
|
-2.8
|
|
1.6
|
76
|
|
n.s.
|
47,992
|
Crack
|
13.7
|
45
|
|
12.6
|
45
|
|
-1.1
|
|
1.3
|
45
|
|
n.s.
|
29,499
|
Heroin
|
16.2
|
24
|
|
19.1
|
24
|
|
2.9
|
|
1.9
|
24
|
|
n.s.
|
13,615
|
Inhalants
|
3.7
|
7
|
|
4.5
|
7
|
|
0.8
|
|
1.0
|
7
|
|
n.a.
|
2,915
|
PCP
|
13.8
|
7
|
|
13.1
|
7
|
|
-0.7
|
|
2.4
|
7
|
|
n.a.
|
4,306
|
Hallucinogens
|
4.2
|
26
|
|
5.3
|
25
|
|
1.1
|
|
2.0
|
25
|
|
n.s.
|
18,334
|
Illegal methadone
|
3.1
|
5
|
|
5.9
|
5
|
|
2.7
|
|
1.7
|
5
|
|
n.a.
|
2,208
|
Narcotics
|
15.7
|
19
|
|
12.5
|
17
|
|
-1.5
|
|
3.9
|
17
|
|
n.a.
|
8,566
|
Methamphetamines
|
13.1
|
27
|
|
11.4
|
25
|
|
-0.2
|
|
3.0
|
25
|
|
n.s.
|
15,146
|
Downers
|
13.3
|
28
|
|
13.1
|
28
|
|
-0.2
|
|
3.6
|
28
|
|
n.s.
|
16,233
|
Other
|
4.9
|
4
|
|
4.9
|
4
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
4
|
|
n.a.
|
2,746
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
Table B-16.Percentage who used alcohol during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using alcohol 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
90.7
|
1,794
|
|
77.8
|
1,790
|
|
-13.1
|
*
|
1.6
|
1787
|
|
-14
|
960,561
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
93.7
|
1,247
|
|
80.4
|
1,243
|
|
-13.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,241
|
|
-14
|
685,381
|
Female
|
548
|
83.0
|
547
|
|
71.4
|
547
|
|
-12.0
|
*
|
2.5
|
546
|
|
-14
|
275,180
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
91.8
|
1,100
|
|
78.9
|
1,097
|
|
-13.2
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,096
|
|
-14
|
578,018
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
88.4
|
495
|
|
79.4
|
495
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
2.2
|
493
|
|
-10
|
270,645
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
90.5
|
137
|
|
66.2
|
136
|
|
-24.6
|
*
|
5.7
|
136
|
|
-27
|
79,289
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
80.2
|
155
|
|
92.0
|
153
|
|
10.8
|
*
|
2.8
|
153
|
|
13
|
76,377
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
90.9
|
673
|
|
79.1
|
671
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
670
|
|
-13
|
378,769
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
92.5
|
657
|
|
78.1
|
657
|
|
-14.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
655
|
|
-16
|
344,275
|
40 +
|
309
|
90.9
|
309
|
|
67.3
|
309
|
|
-23.6
|
*
|
2.9
|
309
|
|
-26
|
161,141
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
91.7
|
304
|
|
77.6
|
304
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
4.2
|
303
|
|
-16
|
172,361
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
90.5
|
486
|
|
77.8
|
483
|
|
-13.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
482
|
|
-14
|
265,930
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
93.3
|
516
|
|
81.4
|
515
|
|
-12.2
|
*
|
1.9
|
515
|
|
-13
|
269,842
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
87.6
|
485
|
|
74.3
|
485
|
|
-13.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
484
|
|
-15
|
249,788
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
91.8
|
697
|
|
78.7
|
699
|
|
-13.4
|
*
|
1.7
|
696
|
|
-15
|
355,665
|
Residential
|
326
|
92.1
|
326
|
|
81.3
|
325
|
|
-10.8
|
*
|
2.3
|
325
|
|
-12
|
173,627
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
78.0
|
217
|
|
63.8
|
216
|
|
-14.6
|
*
|
3.4
|
216
|
|
-19
|
47,630
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
90.5
|
554
|
|
77.1
|
550
|
|
-13.5
|
*
|
3.2
|
550
|
|
-15
|
383,639
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
97.5
|
1,115
|
|
82.4
|
1,114
|
|
-15.1
|
*
|
2.1
|
1,112
|
|
-15
|
617,920
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
93.6
|
441
|
|
81.4
|
441
|
|
-12.2
|
*
|
2.4
|
440
|
|
-13
|
247,956
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
91.1
|
432
|
|
78.3
|
430
|
|
-13.3
|
*
|
2.0
|
430
|
|
-15
|
221,756
|
Crack
|
382
|
90.3
|
379
|
|
78.3
|
380
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
378
|
|
-13
|
210,812
|
Heroin
|
315
|
80.8
|
315
|
|
71.0
|
314
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
2.3
|
314
|
|
-12
|
109,496
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
92.4
|
521
|
|
81.0
|
520
|
|
-11.7
|
*
|
3.6
|
519
|
|
-13
|
309,388
|
Health problems
|
437
|
92.7
|
436
|
|
75.3
|
437
|
|
-17.5
|
*
|
2.0
|
436
|
|
-19
|
223,898
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
92.0
|
835
|
|
77.4
|
833
|
|
-14.8
|
*
|
2.2
|
831
|
|
-16
|
438,974
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
95.9
|
132
|
|
79.4
|
131
|
|
-16.5
|
*
|
3.4
|
131
|
|
-17
|
65,448
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
94.7
|
499
|
|
78.1
|
499
|
|
-16.6
|
*
|
2.1
|
497
|
|
-18
|
253,295
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
91.9
|
296
|
|
83.9
|
297
|
|
-8.6
|
*
|
1.9
|
295
|
|
-9
|
177,405
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
90.2
|
472
|
|
79.0
|
471
|
|
-11.3
|
*
|
1.9
|
470
|
|
-13
|
237,393
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
90.4
|
660
|
|
78.1
|
657
|
|
-12.6
|
*
|
2.7
|
657
|
|
-14
|
355,565
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
90.1
|
345
|
|
67.7
|
344
|
|
-22.3
|
*
|
3.6
|
344
|
|
-25
|
173,379
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
92.8
|
1,187
|
|
76.3
|
1,184
|
|
-16.6
|
*
|
1.8
|
1,182
|
|
-18
|
650,378
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
86.5
|
506
|
|
80.7
|
506
|
|
-5.9
|
*
|
2.0
|
505
|
|
-7
|
257,320
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
91.2
|
758
|
|
69.9
|
754
|
|
-21.5
|
*
|
2.8
|
754
|
|
-24
|
411,243
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
90.8
|
974
|
|
83.8
|
975
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
972
|
|
-8
|
515,211
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
90.0
|
530
|
|
72.0
|
528
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.3
|
527
|
|
-20
|
313,339
|
1-2
|
708
|
89.9
|
707
|
|
80.9
|
705
|
|
-9.2
|
*
|
1.5
|
705
|
|
-10
|
366,036
|
3 or more
|
525
|
92.7
|
522
|
|
80.7
|
522
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
520
|
|
-13
|
259,685
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
90.1
|
982
|
|
77.9
|
978
|
|
-12.5
|
*
|
2.3
|
977
|
|
-14
|
551,922
|
1-2
|
553
|
91.5
|
551
|
|
79.2
|
552
|
|
-12.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
550
|
|
-14
|
275,614
|
3 or more
|
244
|
91.5
|
243
|
|
74.7
|
242
|
|
-16.8
|
*
|
2.4
|
242
|
|
-18
|
121,732
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
90.3
|
837
|
|
71.3
|
834
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
2.2
|
833
|
|
-21
|
483,632
|
1 or more
|
943
|
91.2
|
940
|
|
84.6
|
939
|
|
-6.8
|
*
|
1.5
|
937
|
|
-7
|
467,696
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
|
Table B-17. Percentage who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
967,012
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
73.4
|
1,251
|
|
60.6
|
1,251
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,251
|
|
-17
|
690,409
|
Female
|
548
|
80.4
|
548
|
|
56.0
|
548
|
|
-24.3
|
*
|
2.4
|
548
|
|
-30
|
276,602
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
76.3
|
1,101
|
|
59.5
|
1,101
|
|
-16.8
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,101
|
|
-22
|
580,081
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
81.5
|
499
|
|
63.2
|
499
|
|
-18.4
|
*
|
2.5
|
499
|
|
-23
|
274,062
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
49.5
|
137
|
|
40.5
|
137
|
|
-9.0
|
*
|
2.7
|
137
|
|
-18
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
71.1
|
156
|
|
73.9
|
156
|
|
2.9
|
|
4.6
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
85.9
|
674
|
|
68.2
|
674
|
|
-17.7
|
*
|
1.9
|
674
|
|
-21
|
381,351
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
81.2
|
660
|
|
60.2
|
660
|
|
-20.9
|
*
|
2.4
|
660
|
|
-26
|
346,915
|
40 +
|
309
|
40.4
|
309
|
|
29.2
|
309
|
|
-11.2
|
*
|
1.9
|
309
|
|
-28
|
161,141
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
64.7
|
306
|
|
52.3
|
306
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
306
|
|
-19
|
173,263
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
83.0
|
487
|
|
66.7
|
487
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
3.2
|
487
|
|
-20
|
268,639
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
75.2
|
517
|
|
60.0
|
517
|
|
-15.2
|
*
|
2.4
|
517
|
|
-20
|
271,705
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
75.0
|
486
|
|
55.2
|
486
|
|
-19.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
486
|
|
-26
|
250,764
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
77.7
|
700
|
|
58.4
|
700
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
1.9
|
700
|
|
-25
|
357,954
|
Residential
|
326
|
88.8
|
326
|
|
68.6
|
326
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
2.5
|
326
|
|
-23
|
173,811
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
95.0
|
217
|
|
86.1
|
217
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
217
|
|
-10
|
47,871
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
64.9
|
556
|
|
52.6
|
556
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
556
|
|
-19
|
387,375
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
67.4
|
1,117
|
|
53.1
|
1,117
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,117
|
|
-21
|
620,447
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
96.9
|
443
|
|
81.6
|
443
|
|
-15.3
|
*
|
2.3
|
443
|
|
-16
|
248,801
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
98.3
|
443
|
|
77.0
|
443
|
|
-21.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
443
|
|
-22
|
223,167
|
Crack
|
382
|
99.2
|
382
|
|
75.4
|
382
|
|
-23.8
|
*
|
2.1
|
382
|
|
-24
|
212,232
|
Heroin
|
315
|
98.4
|
315
|
|
87.2
|
315
|
|
-11.2
|
*
|
2.6
|
315
|
|
-11
|
109,737
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
73.0
|
522
|
|
62.0
|
522
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
2.6
|
522
|
|
-15
|
310,717
|
Health problems
|
437
|
74.7
|
437
|
|
58.0
|
437
|
|
-16.7
|
*
|
2.7
|
437
|
|
-22
|
224,300
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
80.9
|
837
|
|
65.0
|
837
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
1.7
|
837
|
|
-20
|
442,636
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
79.4
|
132
|
|
59.9
|
132
|
|
-19.6
|
*
|
4.2
|
132
|
|
-25
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
85.9
|
501
|
|
70.0
|
501
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
1.8
|
501
|
|
-19
|
255,805
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
77.8
|
299
|
|
62.4
|
299
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
2.3
|
299
|
|
-20
|
180,093
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
80.2
|
473
|
|
60.7
|
473
|
|
-19.5
|
*
|
2.2
|
473
|
|
-24
|
238,656
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
73.3
|
661
|
|
61.0
|
661
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
661
|
|
-17
|
357,879
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
69.7
|
345
|
|
49.2
|
345
|
|
-20.5
|
*
|
2.9
|
345
|
|
-29
|
173,563
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
73.8
|
1,190
|
|
55.6
|
1,190
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,190
|
|
-25
|
654,323
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
83.8
|
507
|
|
71.5
|
507
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.4
|
507
|
|
-15
|
257,962
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
73.2
|
759
|
|
52.6
|
759
|
|
-20.6
|
*
|
2.1
|
759
|
|
-28
|
413,126
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
78.7
|
977
|
|
65.9
|
977
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
1.6
|
977
|
|
-16
|
517,915
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
61.9
|
531
|
|
42.3
|
531
|
|
-19.5
|
*
|
2.9
|
531
|
|
-32
|
316,289
|
1-2
|
708
|
80.3
|
708
|
|
65.3
|
708
|
|
-15.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
708
|
|
-19
|
368,042
|
3 or more
|
525
|
87.9
|
525
|
|
73.6
|
525
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
2.0
|
525
|
|
-16
|
261,179
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
71.0
|
984
|
|
56.0
|
984
|
|
-15.0
|
*
|
2.1
|
984
|
|
-21
|
556,878
|
1-2
|
553
|
82.2
|
553
|
|
63.4
|
553
|
|
-18.7
|
*
|
2.1
|
553
|
|
-23
|
276,831
|
3 or more
|
244
|
85.4
|
244
|
|
68.3
|
244
|
|
-17.0
|
*
|
3.4
|
244
|
|
-20
|
122,008
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
66.0
|
839
|
|
45.3
|
839
|
|
-20.7
|
*
|
2.4
|
839
|
|
-31
|
486,859
|
1 or more
|
943
|
85.9
|
943
|
|
74.3
|
943
|
|
-11.6
|
*
|
1.5
|
943
|
|
-14
|
470,919
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
|
Table B-18. Percentage who used marijuana during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using marijuana 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
56.5
|
1,789
|
|
41.0
|
1,774
|
|
-16.0
|
*
|
1.6
|
1774
|
|
-28
|
952,103
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
58.3
|
1,245
|
|
44.6
|
1,233
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,233
|
|
-25
|
678,503
|
Female
|
548
|
52.2
|
544
|
|
32.1
|
541
|
|
-20.3
|
*
|
2.5
|
541
|
|
-39
|
273,600
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
60.0
|
1,098
|
|
44.1
|
1,090
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,090
|
|
-27
|
575,168
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
53.7
|
492
|
|
37.2
|
485
|
|
-17.8
|
*
|
2.2
|
485
|
|
-33
|
264,795
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
37.6
|
137
|
|
24.3
|
137
|
|
-13.2
|
*
|
3.1
|
137
|
|
-35
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
67.8
|
156
|
|
69.5
|
156
|
|
1.7
|
|
4.6
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
66.3
|
672
|
|
51.6
|
667
|
|
-15.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
667
|
|
-23
|
377,636
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
57.1
|
656
|
|
35.1
|
649
|
|
-22.7
|
*
|
2.5
|
649
|
|
-40
|
341,290
|
40 +
|
309
|
26.4
|
305
|
|
14.3
|
302
|
|
-12.7
|
*
|
2.1
|
302
|
|
-48
|
155,571
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
48.4
|
304
|
|
36.6
|
301
|
|
-12.5
|
*
|
3.1
|
301
|
|
-26
|
169,899
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
60.6
|
485
|
|
44.9
|
479
|
|
-16.6
|
*
|
2.4
|
479
|
|
-27
|
264,029
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
58.5
|
514
|
|
45.0
|
512
|
|
-13.6
|
*
|
2.5
|
512
|
|
-23
|
267,865
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
55.5
|
483
|
|
35.3
|
479
|
|
-20.5
|
*
|
2.7
|
479
|
|
-37
|
247,669
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
54.8
|
696
|
|
36.0
|
690
|
|
-19.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
690
|
|
-35
|
353,161
|
Residential
|
326
|
67.9
|
323
|
|
47.1
|
320
|
|
-21.6
|
*
|
3.1
|
320
|
|
-32
|
170,713
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
58.5
|
216
|
|
39.3
|
215
|
|
-19.4
|
*
|
3.2
|
215
|
|
-33
|
47,558
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
52.8
|
554
|
|
43.2
|
549
|
|
-10.2
|
*
|
2.6
|
549
|
|
-19
|
380,671
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
54.1
|
1,110
|
|
40.1
|
1,099
|
|
-14.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,099
|
|
-27
|
610,531
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
95.7
|
441
|
|
78.1
|
441
|
|
-17.7
|
*
|
2.2
|
441
|
|
-18
|
248,497
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
71.2
|
429
|
|
50.7
|
428
|
|
-20.7
|
*
|
2.8
|
428
|
|
-29
|
221,256
|
Crack
|
382
|
70.3
|
378
|
|
45.9
|
375
|
|
-25.0
|
*
|
2.7
|
375
|
|
-36
|
208,461
|
Heroin
|
315
|
58.9
|
312
|
|
38.0
|
310
|
|
-21.5
|
*
|
2.6
|
310
|
|
-37
|
107,088
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
61.1
|
519
|
|
49.1
|
516
|
|
-12.5
|
*
|
2.8
|
516
|
|
-20
|
306,403
|
Health problems
|
437
|
56.1
|
434
|
|
37.8
|
431
|
|
-18.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
431
|
|
-33
|
222,156
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
60.0
|
834
|
|
44.3
|
827
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
1.6
|
827
|
|
-27
|
437,207
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
51.1
|
132
|
|
39.8
|
132
|
|
-11.3
|
*
|
3.8
|
132
|
|
-22
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
67.7
|
497
|
|
46.7
|
495
|
|
-21.2
|
*
|
2.1
|
495
|
|
-31
|
252,217
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
54.3
|
296
|
|
38.0
|
295
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
2.2
|
295
|
|
-30
|
177,819
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
57.8
|
472
|
|
36.9
|
466
|
|
-21.8
|
*
|
2.5
|
466
|
|
-38
|
234,422
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
57.1
|
657
|
|
47.6
|
652
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
2.7
|
652
|
|
-18
|
352,643
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
53.6
|
343
|
|
34.6
|
340
|
|
-19.7
|
*
|
3.5
|
340
|
|
-37
|
170,399
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
54.5
|
1,185
|
|
38.2
|
1,174
|
|
-16.9
|
*
|
1.8
|
1,174
|
|
-31
|
644,497
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
64.2
|
503
|
|
50.4
|
500
|
|
-14.1
|
*
|
2.2
|
500
|
|
-22
|
253,986
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
52.9
|
753
|
|
33.0
|
744
|
|
-20.6
|
*
|
2.2
|
744
|
|
-39
|
404,392
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
60.4
|
974
|
|
48.2
|
968
|
|
-12.6
|
*
|
1.8
|
968
|
|
-21
|
512,652
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
48.8
|
528
|
|
34.5
|
521
|
|
-15.1
|
*
|
2.8
|
521
|
|
-31
|
309,405
|
1-2
|
708
|
59.6
|
706
|
|
45.0
|
701
|
|
-15.1
|
*
|
2.0
|
701
|
|
-25
|
363,710
|
3 or more
|
525
|
63.5
|
522
|
|
45.0
|
519
|
|
-18.6
|
*
|
2.1
|
519
|
|
-29
|
258,878
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
54.1
|
977
|
|
40.8
|
967
|
|
-13.9
|
*
|
2.2
|
967
|
|
-26
|
545,856
|
1-2
|
553
|
61.4
|
552
|
|
43.4
|
549
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
2.1
|
549
|
|
-30
|
274,586
|
3 or more
|
244
|
60.0
|
242
|
|
38.9
|
240
|
|
-21.2
|
*
|
2.8
|
240
|
|
-35
|
120,367
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
52.1
|
836
|
|
35.2
|
827
|
|
-17.6
|
*
|
2.1
|
827
|
|
-34
|
478,489
|
1 or more
|
943
|
61.8
|
936
|
|
47.7
|
930
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
1.8
|
930
|
|
-23
|
464,381
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
|
Table B-19. Percentage who used cocaine during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using cocaine 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
42.9
|
1,788
|
|
23.4
|
1,790
|
|
-19.5
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,785
|
|
-45
|
958,818
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
42.2
|
1,244
|
|
23.8
|
1,246
|
|
-18.4
|
*
|
2.2
|
1,242
|
|
-44
|
684,821
|
Female
|
548
|
44.7
|
544
|
|
22.4
|
544
|
|
-22.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
543
|
|
-50
|
273,998
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
45.5
|
1,096
|
|
23.9
|
1,097
|
|
-21.6
|
*
|
2.7
|
1,095
|
|
-47
|
576,695
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
41.2
|
495
|
|
23.0
|
495
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
2.9
|
493
|
|
-44
|
271,053
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
30.5
|
136
|
|
21.6
|
137
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
3.6
|
136
|
|
-31
|
79,065
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
20.2
|
155
|
|
28.8
|
156
|
|
8.5
|
|
5.1
|
155
|
|
n.s.
|
77,439
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
49.1
|
671
|
|
25.8
|
672
|
|
-23.3
|
*
|
3.2
|
671
|
|
-47
|
379,065
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
48.9
|
656
|
|
25.0
|
655
|
|
-24.0
|
*
|
2.4
|
653
|
|
-49
|
343,156
|
40 +
|
309
|
26.2
|
306
|
|
12.0
|
307
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
2.7
|
306
|
|
-55
|
159,158
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
37.2
|
302
|
|
25.5
|
303
|
|
-11.8
|
*
|
3.6
|
302
|
|
-32
|
171,868
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
47.0
|
485
|
|
23.7
|
485
|
|
-23.2
|
*
|
3.0
|
484
|
|
-49
|
267,176
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
42.1
|
515
|
|
23.9
|
515
|
|
-18.4
|
*
|
2.7
|
514
|
|
-44
|
269,680
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
43.5
|
483
|
|
21.5
|
484
|
|
-22.0
|
*
|
3.6
|
482
|
|
-51
|
247,454
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
45.2
|
695
|
|
23.8
|
697
|
|
-21.3
|
*
|
2.5
|
694
|
|
-47
|
353,296
|
Residential
|
326
|
53.4
|
324
|
|
24.3
|
324
|
|
-29.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
323
|
|
-55
|
171,999
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
61.2
|
217
|
|
49.3
|
217
|
|
-12.0
|
*
|
4.4
|
216
|
|
-20
|
47,711
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
33.9
|
552
|
|
19.5
|
553
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
552
|
|
-42
|
385,813
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
37.9
|
1,112
|
|
19.6
|
1,114
|
|
-18.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
1,111
|
|
-49
|
617,219
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
48.5
|
443
|
|
27.4
|
442
|
|
-21.2
|
*
|
3.8
|
442
|
|
-44
|
248,641
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
92.8
|
428
|
|
54.2
|
430
|
|
-38.5
|
*
|
3.4
|
426
|
|
-41
|
219,797
|
Crack
|
382
|
54.8
|
377
|
|
22.7
|
379
|
|
-31.9
|
*
|
4.0
|
377
|
|
-58
|
209,263
|
Heroin
|
315
|
71.1
|
313
|
|
47.3
|
313
|
|
-23.4
|
*
|
2.9
|
312
|
|
-33
|
108,102
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
42.8
|
520
|
|
26.2
|
520
|
|
-16.6
|
*
|
3.8
|
520
|
|
-39
|
308,878
|
Health problems
|
437
|
43.7
|
435
|
|
20.9
|
436
|
|
-22.9
|
*
|
2.3
|
435
|
|
-52
|
223,675
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
46.1
|
832
|
|
24.7
|
834
|
|
-21.5
|
*
|
2.6
|
831
|
|
-47
|
439,938
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
48.2
|
132
|
|
23.2
|
132
|
|
-25.0
|
*
|
5.4
|
132
|
|
-52
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
53.8
|
497
|
|
27.5
|
498
|
|
-26.4
|
*
|
2.1
|
497
|
|
-49
|
253,944
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
47.0
|
296
|
|
26.6
|
296
|
|
-20.7
|
*
|
3.1
|
295
|
|
-44
|
178,052
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
48.0
|
470
|
|
22.8
|
470
|
|
-25.2
|
*
|
2.9
|
468
|
|
-53
|
236,009
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
39.3
|
657
|
|
25.0
|
659
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
3.0
|
657
|
|
-36
|
355,161
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
37.3
|
344
|
|
15.5
|
344
|
|
-21.8
|
*
|
2.9
|
344
|
|
-58
|
172,776
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
42.6
|
1,182
|
|
20.8
|
1,185
|
|
-21.7
|
*
|
2.4
|
1,181
|
|
-51
|
647,728
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
46.7
|
504
|
|
30.6
|
503
|
|
-16.2
|
*
|
2.6
|
502
|
|
-35
|
256,365
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
41.3
|
753
|
|
17.2
|
754
|
|
-24.0
|
*
|
2.5
|
753
|
|
-58
|
409,359
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
44.8
|
972
|
|
28.4
|
973
|
|
-16.5
|
*
|
2.5
|
969
|
|
-37
|
513,489
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
33.4
|
527
|
|
14.7
|
527
|
|
-18.9
|
*
|
3.2
|
526
|
|
-57
|
313,672
|
1-2
|
708
|
43.4
|
706
|
|
25.0
|
706
|
|
-18.5
|
*
|
2.5
|
704
|
|
-43
|
365,791
|
3 or more
|
525
|
55.1
|
421
|
|
32.5
|
423
|
|
-22.4
|
*
|
2.2
|
421
|
|
-41
|
258,642
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
40.0
|
978
|
|
20.9
|
977
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
2.8
|
976
|
|
-48
|
552,501
|
1-2
|
553
|
44.3
|
551
|
|
24.7
|
552
|
|
-19.6
|
*
|
2.3
|
550
|
|
-44
|
275,087
|
3 or more
|
244
|
57.2
|
241
|
|
34.1
|
243
|
|
-22.5
|
*
|
2.5
|
241
|
|
-39
|
119,936
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
35.0
|
833
|
|
14.8
|
834
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
2.9
|
831
|
|
-58
|
482,366
|
1 or more
|
943
|
51.5
|
938
|
|
32.5
|
939
|
|
-19.0
|
*
|
2.0
|
937
|
|
-37
|
467,220
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990 who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using crack 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
29.0
|
1,791
|
|
24.3
|
1,786
|
|
-4.8
|
*
|
1.6
|
1784
|
|
-17
|
957,890
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
27.5
|
1,248
|
|
24.1
|
1,243
|
|
-3.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
1,243
|
|
-13
|
685,167
|
Female
|
548
|
32.9
|
543
|
|
24.8
|
543
|
|
-8.0
|
*
|
2.8
|
541
|
|
-24
|
272,723
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
20.4
|
1,099
|
|
18.5
|
1,093
|
|
-1.9
|
|
1.5
|
1,093
|
|
n.s.
|
575,142
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
52.9
|
493
|
|
40.6
|
494
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
3.7
|
492
|
|
-23
|
270,609
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
13.7
|
137
|
|
13.4
|
137
|
|
-0.3
|
|
3.1
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
5.1
|
156
|
|
15.4
|
156
|
|
10.3
|
*
|
3.6
|
156
|
|
202
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
35.2
|
671
|
|
28.2
|
668
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
2.1
|
668
|
|
-20
|
378,275
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
34.2
|
657
|
|
27.5
|
655
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
2.8
|
653
|
|
-20
|
342,387
|
40 +
|
309
|
15.0
|
307
|
|
12.5
|
307
|
|
-2.4
|
|
2.0
|
307
|
|
n.s.
|
159,623
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
21.6
|
306
|
|
22.7
|
304
|
|
1.0
|
|
2.7
|
304
|
|
n.s.
|
172,603
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
33.6
|
484
|
|
28.2
|
484
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
2.9
|
483
|
|
-17
|
266,668
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
26.0
|
515
|
|
22.3
|
514
|
|
-3.6
|
|
2.4
|
514
|
|
n.s.
|
269,137
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
32.9
|
483
|
|
23.7
|
481
|
|
-9.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
480
|
|
-28
|
246,840
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Residential
|
326
|
48.5
|
324
|
|
33.8
|
322
|
|
-15.3
|
*
|
4.4
|
321
|
|
-32
|
170,542
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
24.2
|
215
|
|
23.7
|
215
|
|
-0.5
|
|
5.9
|
215
|
|
n.s.
|
47,248
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
14.0
|
554
|
|
13.7
|
553
|
|
-0.3
|
|
2.2
|
553
|
|
n.s.
|
384,577
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
22.7
|
1,112
|
|
21.1
|
1,110
|
|
-1.8
|
|
1.7
|
1,108
|
|
n.s.
|
614,420
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
23.6
|
443
|
|
21.3
|
440
|
|
-2.4
|
|
3.0
|
440
|
|
n.s.
|
247,306
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
43.2
|
431
|
|
35.2
|
430
|
|
-7.9
|
*
|
3.4
|
429
|
|
-18
|
220,786
|
Crack
|
382
|
90.6
|
380
|
|
64.1
|
381
|
|
-26.4
|
*
|
3.3
|
379
|
|
-29
|
210,659
|
Heroin
|
315
|
33.7
|
313
|
|
26.6
|
313
|
|
-7.1
|
|
4.1
|
313
|
|
n.s.
|
109,114
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
22.3
|
520
|
|
21.1
|
518
|
|
-1.4
|
|
2.7
|
518
|
|
n.s.
|
307,446
|
Health problems
|
437
|
28.4
|
436
|
|
21.2
|
435
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
2.8
|
435
|
|
-25
|
223,230
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
35.2
|
834
|
|
29.4
|
833
|
|
-5.9
|
*
|
2.1
|
832
|
|
-17
|
439,592
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
28.4
|
132
|
|
25.5
|
132
|
|
-2.8
|
|
3.4
|
132
|
|
n.s.
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
39.7
|
499
|
|
33.5
|
500
|
|
-6.3
|
*
|
1.9
|
499
|
|
-16
|
254,241
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
36.5
|
297
|
|
32.2
|
296
|
|
-4.1
|
|
2.7
|
296
|
|
n.s.
|
178,252
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
39.1
|
470
|
|
27.8
|
469
|
|
-11.7
|
*
|
2.9
|
467
|
|
-30
|
234,876
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
25.0
|
660
|
|
23.4
|
658
|
|
-1.4
|
|
2.5
|
658
|
|
n.s.
|
356,159
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
16.9
|
343
|
|
12.8
|
342
|
|
-4.2
|
|
2.8
|
342
|
|
n.s.
|
171,782
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table B-20 Percentage who used crack during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
34.2
|
507
|
|
28.6
|
506
|
|
-5.4
|
*
|
2.3
|
506
|
|
-16
|
257,358
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
31.5
|
756
|
|
25.5
|
755
|
|
-5.9
|
*
|
2.8
|
755
|
|
-19
|
411,065
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
27.8
|
973
|
|
23.6
|
969
|
|
-4.2
|
*
|
1.8
|
967
|
|
-15
|
511,765
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
20.0
|
529
|
|
12.6
|
528
|
|
-7.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
528
|
|
-37
|
314,281
|
1-2
|
708
|
29.7
|
706
|
|
26.4
|
704
|
|
-3.4
|
|
2.3
|
704
|
|
n.s.
|
365,791
|
3 or more
|
525
|
40.2
|
522
|
|
36.5
|
521
|
|
-3.8
|
|
2.6
|
519
|
|
n.s.
|
257,708
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
26.5
|
979
|
|
22.7
|
978
|
|
-3.8
|
|
2.0
|
978
|
|
n.s.
|
553,014
|
1-2
|
553
|
31.2
|
551
|
|
25.5
|
547
|
|
-5.8
|
*
|
2.3
|
546
|
|
-19
|
273,007
|
3 or more
|
244
|
37.6
|
243
|
|
30.0
|
243
|
|
-7.7
|
*
|
3.6
|
242
|
|
-20
|
120,576
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
22.6
|
836
|
|
14.6
|
834
|
|
-8.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
833
|
|
-35
|
483,356
|
1 or more
|
943
|
36.2
|
938
|
|
34.7
|
935
|
|
-1.5
|
|
2.0
|
934
|
|
n.s.
|
465,302
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
|
|
Table B-21. Percentage who used heroin during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using heroin 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
13.8
|
1,791
|
|
12.0
|
1,788
|
|
-1.9
|
*
|
0.7
|
1787
|
|
-14
|
959,101
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
12.9
|
1,244
|
|
11.7
|
1,242
|
|
-1.3
|
|
0.9
|
1,241
|
|
n.s.
|
684,063
|
Female
|
548
|
15.9
|
547
|
|
12.6
|
546
|
|
-3.3
|
*
|
1.3
|
546
|
|
-21
|
275,039
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
12.2
|
1,097
|
|
10.4
|
1,096
|
|
-1.8
|
|
0.9
|
1,096
|
|
n.s.
|
577,497
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
18.4
|
496
|
|
15.1
|
496
|
|
-3.4
|
*
|
1.1
|
495
|
|
-18
|
271,310
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
10.7
|
137
|
|
14.0
|
137
|
|
3.3
|
|
2.2
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,065
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
1.6
|
156
|
|
6.5
|
156
|
|
4.9
|
|
2.7
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
11.2
|
671
|
|
10.2
|
671
|
|
-1.0
|
|
1.0
|
671
|
|
n.s.
|
379,909
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
20.6
|
658
|
|
16.6
|
656
|
|
-4.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
656
|
|
-19
|
344,112
|
40 +
|
309
|
11.1
|
306
|
|
8.5
|
305
|
|
-2.7
|
*
|
0.9
|
304
|
|
-24
|
157,476
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
11.9
|
302
|
|
11.9
|
301
|
|
0.0
|
|
1.7
|
301
|
|
n.s.
|
170,167
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
15.7
|
487
|
|
12.7
|
487
|
|
-3.0
|
|
1.7
|
487
|
|
n.s.
|
268,639
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
12.3
|
515
|
|
11.0
|
512
|
|
-1.4
|
|
1.4
|
512
|
|
n.s.
|
268,274
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
14.5
|
484
|
|
12.4
|
485
|
|
-2.1
|
|
1.4
|
484
|
|
n.s.
|
249,380
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
14.5
|
697
|
|
12.6
|
695
|
|
-1.9
|
|
1.2
|
695
|
|
n.s.
|
354,549
|
Residential
|
326
|
9.2
|
323
|
|
9.0
|
324
|
|
-0.2
|
|
1.4
|
324
|
|
n.s.
|
172,006
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
82.1
|
216
|
|
60.1
|
216
|
|
-22.1
|
*
|
3.4
|
216
|
|
-27
|
47,820
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
6.7
|
555
|
|
6.7
|
553
|
|
-0.1
|
|
3.2
|
553
|
|
n.s.
|
384,726
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
9.1
|
1,112
|
|
7.1
|
1,109
|
|
-2.0
|
*
|
0.8
|
1,108
|
|
-22
|
613,657
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
7.9
|
443
|
|
7.7
|
442
|
|
-0.2
|
|
1.1
|
442
|
|
n.s.
|
248,025
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
23.0
|
433
|
|
22.1
|
431
|
|
-1.0
|
|
2.1
|
431
|
|
n.s.
|
222,191
|
Crack
|
382
|
13.1
|
378
|
|
9.3
|
379
|
|
-3.8
|
*
|
1.5
|
378
|
|
-29
|
209,962
|
Heroin
|
315
|
92.6
|
315
|
|
74.7
|
315
|
|
-17.9
|
*
|
3.5
|
315
|
|
-19
|
109,737
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
11.4
|
520
|
|
11.5
|
520
|
|
0.2
|
|
1.2
|
520
|
|
n.s.
|
308,878
|
Health problems
|
437
|
17.4
|
435
|
|
16.1
|
434
|
|
-1.4
|
|
1.8
|
434
|
|
n.s.
|
222,319
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
14.8
|
834
|
|
13.1
|
832
|
|
-1.8
|
|
0.8
|
831
|
|
n.s.
|
438,462
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
12.4
|
132
|
|
11.8
|
131
|
|
-0.7
|
|
3.1
|
131
|
|
n.s.
|
65,183
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
20.9
|
500
|
|
19.4
|
499
|
|
-1.5
|
|
1.6
|
499
|
|
n.s.
|
254,288
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
16.5
|
295
|
|
14.7
|
294
|
|
-1.8
|
|
1.3
|
294
|
|
n.s.
|
177,044
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
16.7
|
472
|
|
13.9
|
473
|
|
-2.7
|
|
1.4
|
472
|
|
n.s.
|
238,059
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
9.7
|
660
|
|
9.5
|
658
|
|
-0.3
|
|
1.1
|
658
|
|
n.s.
|
355,539
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
15.6
|
343
|
|
12.3
|
342
|
|
-3.4
|
*
|
1.7
|
342
|
|
-22
|
171,639
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
13.2
|
1,185
|
|
10.3
|
1,182
|
|
-3.0
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,181
|
|
-23
|
647,979
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
16.8
|
505
|
|
17.7
|
505
|
|
0.9
|
|
1.4
|
505
|
|
n.s.
|
256,447
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
12.2
|
754
|
|
9.6
|
753
|
|
-2.7
|
*
|
1.2
|
753
|
|
-22
|
408,221
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
15.7
|
975
|
|
14.6
|
973
|
|
-1.1
|
|
1.2
|
972
|
|
n.s.
|
514,961
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
4.8
|
529
|
|
2.8
|
528
|
|
-2.0
|
*
|
0.9
|
528
|
|
-42
|
313,547
|
1-2
|
708
|
11.9
|
705
|
|
12.1
|
703
|
|
0.2
|
|
0.2
|
702
|
|
n.s.
|
364,730
|
3 or more
|
525
|
27.7
|
524
|
|
23.2
|
524
|
|
-4.5
|
*
|
0.1
|
524
|
|
-16
|
260,714
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
8.3
|
978
|
|
7.2
|
977
|
|
-1.1
|
|
0.9
|
976
|
|
n.s.
|
550,865
|
1-2
|
553
|
16.8
|
552
|
|
13.9
|
550
|
|
-3.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
550
|
|
-18
|
275,538
|
3 or more
|
244
|
33.2
|
244
|
|
30.1
|
244
|
|
-3.1
|
|
2.1
|
244
|
|
n.s.
|
122,008
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
6.5
|
837
|
|
5.0
|
836
|
|
-1.5
|
|
0.9
|
836
|
|
n.s.
|
484,117
|
1 or more
|
943
|
21.3
|
937
|
|
19.1
|
935
|
|
-2.3
|
*
|
0.9
|
934
|
|
-11
|
465,751
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-22. Percentage in inpatient treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
1,799
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
976,012
|
Total Inpatient
|
700
|
77.7
|
700
|
|
58.4
|
700
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
1.9
|
700
|
|
-25
|
357,954
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
497
|
74.9
|
497
|
|
60.8
|
497
|
|
-14.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
497
|
|
-19
|
257,250
|
Female
|
203
|
84.8
|
203
|
|
52.4
|
203
|
|
-32.5
|
*
|
3.3
|
203
|
|
-38
|
100,704
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
414
|
73.0
|
414
|
|
50.6
|
414
|
|
-22.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
414
|
|
-31
|
201,090
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
220
|
84.8
|
220
|
|
67.0
|
220
|
|
-17.8
|
*
|
3.7
|
220
|
|
-21
|
126,654
|
Hispanic
|
45
|
74.1
|
45
|
|
69.4
|
45
|
|
-4.7
|
|
5.4
|
45
|
|
n.s.
|
19,394
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
47
|
87.7
|
47
|
|
64.0
|
47
|
|
-23.7
|
*
|
9.8
|
47
|
|
-27
|
15,262
|
18 - 29
|
242
|
91.3
|
242
|
|
71.3
|
242
|
|
-19.9
|
*
|
2.9
|
242
|
|
-22
|
134,589
|
30 - 39
|
263
|
84.4
|
263
|
|
63.4
|
263
|
|
-21.0
|
*
|
3.7
|
263
|
|
-25
|
133,050
|
40 +
|
148
|
39.3
|
148
|
|
25.4
|
148
|
|
-14.0
|
*
|
3.6
|
148
|
|
-36
|
75,053
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
124
|
72.0
|
124
|
|
61.3
|
124
|
|
-10.7
|
*
|
4.5
|
124
|
|
-15
|
67,210
|
10 to 11 years
|
191
|
83.3
|
191
|
|
64.6
|
191
|
|
-18.7
|
*
|
3.0
|
191
|
|
-22
|
101,836
|
12 years or GED
|
195
|
75.6
|
195
|
|
54.4
|
195
|
|
-21.1
|
*
|
3.3
|
195
|
|
-28
|
97,331
|
College/grad school
|
189
|
77.7
|
189
|
|
53.5
|
189
|
|
-24.2
|
*
|
4.3
|
189
|
|
-31
|
91,070
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
473
|
67.1
|
473
|
|
48.1
|
473
|
|
-19.0
|
*
|
2.3
|
473
|
|
-28
|
231,258
|
Marijuana
|
133
|
97.9
|
133
|
|
79.5
|
133
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.8
|
133
|
|
-19
|
63,612
|
Cocaine
|
175
|
99.0
|
175
|
|
75.4
|
175
|
|
-23.5
|
*
|
5.7
|
175
|
|
-24
|
93,971
|
Crack
|
187
|
99.0
|
187
|
|
78.7
|
187
|
|
-20.4
|
*
|
3.3
|
187
|
|
-21
|
104,326
|
Heroin
|
78
|
98.2
|
78
|
|
87.0
|
78
|
|
-11.2
|
*
|
5.0
|
78
|
|
-11
|
43,867
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
136
|
81.6
|
136
|
|
74.0
|
136
|
|
-7.7
|
*
|
3.3
|
136
|
|
-9
|
69,867
|
Health problems
|
206
|
75.8
|
206
|
|
22.5
|
206
|
|
-20.6
|
*
|
3.7
|
206
|
|
-27
|
103,336
|
Relationship problems
|
350
|
82.1
|
350
|
|
63.6
|
350
|
|
-18.5
|
*
|
2.7
|
350
|
|
-23
|
180,318
|
Pressure from employer
|
58
|
85.0
|
58
|
|
58.6
|
58
|
|
-26.4
|
*
|
7.0
|
58
|
|
-31
|
25,730
|
Financial problems
|
218
|
88.0
|
218
|
|
72.8
|
218
|
|
-15.2
|
*
|
2.8
|
218
|
|
-17
|
115,496
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
223
|
77.6
|
223
|
|
65.4
|
223
|
|
-12.2
|
*
|
2.2
|
223
|
|
-16
|
131,648
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
288
|
80.3
|
288
|
|
55.9
|
288
|
|
-24.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
288
|
|
-30
|
140,726
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
150
|
76.4
|
150
|
|
52.9
|
150
|
|
-23.5
|
*
|
4.7
|
150
|
|
-31
|
69,404
|
6 months or more
|
34
|
58.4
|
34
|
|
45.9
|
34
|
|
-12.5
|
|
6.7
|
34
|
|
n.s.
|
13,779
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
528
|
75.8
|
528
|
|
56.2
|
528
|
|
-19.6
|
*
|
2.6
|
528
|
|
-26
|
272,886
|
Treatment not completed
|
152
|
87.7
|
152
|
|
68.9
|
152
|
|
-18.8
|
*
|
4.2
|
152
|
|
-21
|
76,745
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
339
|
75.3
|
339
|
|
52.8
|
339
|
|
-22.5
|
*
|
3.0
|
339
|
|
-30
|
178,667
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
351
|
80.3
|
351
|
|
64.6
|
351
|
|
-15.7
|
*
|
2.5
|
351
|
|
-20
|
174,094
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
188
|
72.3
|
188
|
|
44.3
|
188
|
|
-28.1
|
*
|
3.8
|
188
|
|
-39
|
88,985
|
1-2
|
272
|
78.8
|
272
|
|
59.2
|
272
|
|
-19.6
|
*
|
2.8
|
272
|
|
-25
|
139,982
|
3 or more
|
222
|
83.7
|
222
|
|
70.9
|
222
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
222
|
|
-15
|
118,086
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
373
|
78.7
|
373
|
|
57.9
|
373
|
|
-20.7
|
*
|
3.0
|
373
|
|
-26
|
190,069
|
1-2
|
202
|
77.3
|
202
|
|
59.1
|
202
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
2.8
|
202
|
|
-24
|
101,145
|
3 or more
|
116
|
81.1
|
116
|
|
63.0
|
116
|
|
-18.1
|
*
|
6.0
|
116
|
|
-22
|
61,101
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
302
|
66.8
|
302
|
|
41.0
|
302
|
|
-25.8
|
*
|
2.9
|
302
|
|
-39
|
149,163
|
1 or more
|
391
|
86.2
|
391
|
|
91.4
|
391
|
|
-14.8
|
*
|
1.8
|
391
|
|
-17
|
205,246
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-23. Percentage in residential treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
1,799
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
976,01 2
|
Total Residential
|
326
|
88.8
|
326
|
|
68.6
|
326
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
2.5
|
326
|
|
-23
|
173,81 1
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
252
|
87.5
|
252
|
|
69.0
|
252
|
|
-18.5
|
*
|
2.8
|
252
|
|
-21
|
136,07 0
|
Female
|
74
|
93.2
|
74
|
|
67.1
|
74
|
|
-26.1
|
*
|
5.3
|
74
|
|
-28
|
37,742
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
197
|
85.7
|
197
|
|
70.9
|
197
|
|
-14.8
|
*
|
3.4
|
197
|
|
-17
|
103,41 4
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
102
|
94.7
|
102
|
|
64.3
|
102
|
|
-30.4
|
*
|
5.2
|
102
|
|
-32
|
57,968
|
Hispanic
|
13
|
90.6
|
13
|
|
62.1
|
13
|
|
-28.5
|
*
|
1.3
|
13
|
|
n.a.
|
4,953
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
28
|
81.8
|
28
|
|
89.3
|
28
|
|
7.5
|
|
7.6
|
28
|
|
n.s.
|
8,723
|
18 - 29
|
147
|
95.8
|
147
|
|
75.5
|
147
|
|
-20.3
|
*
|
3.3
|
147
|
|
-21
|
85,987
|
30 - 39
|
116
|
88.7
|
116
|
|
60.0
|
116
|
|
-28.7
|
*
|
3.9
|
116
|
|
-32
|
63,217
|
40 +
|
35
|
54.9
|
35
|
|
54.2
|
35
|
|
-0.8
|
|
0.8
|
35
|
|
n.s.
|
15,889
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
46
|
75.8
|
46
|
|
64.6
|
46
|
|
-11.3
|
|
6.9
|
46
|
|
n.s.
|
24,589
|
10 to 11 years
|
102
|
92.8
|
102
|
|
69.9
|
102
|
|
-22.9
|
*
|
5.7
|
102
|
|
-25
|
53,421
|
12 years or GED
|
95
|
88.1
|
95
|
|
72.5
|
95
|
|
-15.6
|
*
|
4.5
|
95
|
|
-18
|
48,608
|
College/grad school
|
83
|
91.6
|
83
|
|
65.1
|
83
|
|
-26.5
|
*
|
4.6
|
83
|
|
-29
|
47,193
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
200
|
85.6
|
200
|
|
67.3
|
200
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.3
|
200
|
|
-21
|
107,02
|
Marijuana
|
105
|
95.1
|
105
|
|
81.0
|
105
|
|
-14.1
|
*
|
3.8
|
105
|
|
-15
|
54,202
|
Cocaine
|
79
|
99.2
|
79
|
|
77.5
|
79
|
|
-21.8
|
*
|
5.7
|
79
|
|
-22
|
44,108
|
Crack
|
120
|
99.8
|
120
|
|
68.7
|
120
|
|
-31.1
|
*
|
3.4
|
120
|
|
-31
|
67,642
|
Heroin
|
27
|
100.0
|
27
|
|
83.0
|
27
|
|
-17.0
|
|
10.2
|
27
|
|
n.s.
|
11,087
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
108
|
92.3
|
108
|
|
76.3
|
108
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
3.7
|
108
|
|
-17
|
51,554
|
Health problems
|
75
|
86.5
|
75
|
|
67.7
|
75
|
|
-18.8
|
*
|
6.8
|
75
|
|
-22
|
37,323
|
Relationship problems
|
155
|
93.2
|
155
|
|
78.9
|
155
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
3.8
|
155
|
|
-15
|
87,291
|
Pressure from employer
|
25
|
95.8
|
25
|
|
77.6
|
25
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
8.3
|
25
|
|
-19
|
14,536
|
Financial problems
|
80
|
97.7
|
80
|
|
86.7
|
80
|
|
-10.9
|
*
|
2.8
|
80
|
|
-11
|
40,502
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
46
|
80.5
|
46
|
|
62.3
|
46
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
5.1
|
46
|
|
-23
|
30,420
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
92
|
86.4
|
92
|
|
67.3
|
92
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
92
|
|
-22
|
58,696
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
137
|
95.6
|
137
|
|
74.9
|
137
|
|
-20.8
|
*
|
3.4
|
137
|
|
-22
|
62,830
|
6 months or more
|
48
|
85.1
|
48
|
|
58.1
|
48
|
|
-27.0
|
*
|
10.5
|
48
|
|
-32
|
19,505
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
201
|
88.3
|
201
|
|
65.2
|
201
|
|
-23.1
|
*
|
3.3
|
201
|
|
-26
|
105,66 0
|
Treatment not completed
|
112
|
92.9
|
112
|
|
76.2
|
112
|
|
-16.7
|
*
|
5.5
|
112
|
|
-18
|
59,295
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
|
90.6
|
152
|
|
64.5
|
152
|
|
-26.0
|
*
|
4.5
|
152
|
|
-29
|
79,256
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
|
89.5
|
165
|
|
74.4
|
165
|
|
-15.1
|
*
|
3.2
|
165
|
|
-17
|
88,857
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
83
|
83.8
|
83
|
|
55.1
|
83
|
|
-28.8
|
*
|
7.6
|
83
|
|
-34
|
47,629
|
1-2
|
129
|
91.4
|
129
|
|
71.0
|
129
|
|
-20.4
|
*
|
4.1
|
129
|
|
-22
|
65,995
|
3 or more
|
105
|
94.2
|
105
|
|
79.7
|
105
|
|
-14.5
|
*
|
4.3
|
105
|
|
-15
|
54,581
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
86.7
|
165
|
|
66.5
|
165
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
165
|
|
-23
|
90,964
|
1-2
|
|
89.7
|
108
|
|
68.4
|
108
|
|
-21.3
|
*
|
4.6
|
108
|
|
-24
|
54,733
|
3 or more
|
|
96.4
|
50
|
|
77.6
|
50
|
|
-18.8
|
*
|
6.6
|
50
|
|
-20
|
26,628
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
87.4
|
143
|
|
55.5
|
143
|
|
-31.9
|
*
|
5.2
|
143
|
|
-36
|
79,143
|
1 or more
|
|
90.9
|
178
|
|
80.8
|
178
|
|
-10.1
|
*
|
2.6
|
178
|
|
-11
|
91,758
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-24. Percentage in outpatient methadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
1,799
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
976,01 2
|
Total Outpatient Methadone
|
217
|
95.2
|
217
|
|
86.1
|
217
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
217
|
|
-10
|
47,871
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
121
|
94.0
|
121
|
|
86.3
|
121
|
|
-7.6
|
*
|
2.4
|
121
|
|
-8
|
26,400
|
Female
|
96
|
96.7
|
96
|
|
85.9
|
96
|
|
-10.8
|
*
|
2.7
|
96
|
|
-11
|
21,471
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
108
|
93.4
|
108
|
|
78.9
|
108
|
|
-14.6
|
*
|
2.5
|
108
|
|
-16
|
22,402
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
79
|
96.5
|
79
|
|
94.8
|
79
|
|
-1.7
|
|
0.9
|
79
|
|
n.s.
|
18,827
|
Hispanic
|
24
|
96.9
|
24
|
|
90.9
|
24
|
|
-6.0
|
|
4.4
|
24
|
|
n.s.
|
5,490
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
1
|
100.0
|
1
|
|
100.0
|
1
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
1
|
|
n.a.
|
990
|
18 - 29
|
71
|
95.8
|
71
|
|
80.0
|
71
|
|
-15.8
|
*
|
4.7
|
71
|
|
-16
|
12,634
|
30 - 39
|
101
|
95.5
|
101
|
|
89.9
|
101
|
|
-5.6
|
*
|
2.2
|
101
|
|
-6
|
23,951
|
40 +
|
44
|
93.2
|
44
|
|
83.5
|
44
|
|
-9.8
|
*
|
4.3
|
44
|
|
-11
|
10,296
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
33
|
97.1
|
33
|
|
77.6
|
33
|
|
-19.5
|
*
|
9.1
|
33
|
|
-20
|
5,911
|
10 to 11 years
|
58
|
98.6
|
58
|
|
88.2
|
58
|
|
-10.4
|
*
|
3.4
|
58
|
|
-11
|
14,015
|
12 years or GED
|
62
|
93.3
|
62
|
|
87.0
|
62
|
|
-6.3
|
|
3.8
|
62
|
|
n.s.
|
13,186
|
College/grad school
|
64
|
92.9
|
64
|
|
86.8
|
64
|
|
-6.1
|
|
3.3
|
64
|
|
n.s.
|
14,758
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
55
|
93.8
|
55
|
|
88.1
|
55
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
2.4
|
55
|
|
-6
|
14,588
|
Marijuana
|
22
|
96.5
|
22
|
|
88.3
|
22
|
|
-8.3
|
|
5.9
|
22
|
|
n.s.
|
4,928
|
Cocaine
|
72
|
98.2
|
72
|
|
91.9
|
72
|
|
-6.2
|
*
|
3.0
|
72
|
|
-6
|
17,245
|
Crack
|
15
|
100.0
|
15
|
|
89.6
|
15
|
|
-10.4
|
|
8.2
|
15
|
|
n.s.
|
4,054
|
Heroin
|
178
|
97.4
|
178
|
|
88.9
|
178
|
|
-8.4
|
*
|
2.0
|
178
|
|
-9
|
37,915
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
28
|
91.0
|
28
|
|
88.8
|
28
|
|
-2.3
|
|
3.7
|
28
|
|
n.s.
|
7,932
|
Health problems
|
50
|
97.2
|
50
|
|
89.7
|
50
|
|
-7.5
|
|
3.9
|
50
|
|
n.s.
|
12,159
|
Relationship problems
|
106
|
97.1
|
106
|
|
92.2
|
106
|
|
-4.9
|
*
|
2.0
|
106
|
|
-5
|
22,498
|
Pressure from employer
|
13
|
100.0
|
13
|
|
100.0
|
13
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
13
|
|
n.s.
|
2,343
|
Financial problems
|
86
|
97.1
|
86
|
|
88.5
|
86
|
|
-8.7
|
*
|
3.1
|
86
|
|
-9
|
17,002
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
11
|
88.8
|
11
|
|
88.8
|
11
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
11
|
|
n.s.
|
3,145
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
53
|
92.4
|
53
|
|
93.7
|
53
|
|
1.3
|
|
2.2
|
53
|
|
n.s.
|
11,344
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
67
|
98.8
|
67
|
|
90.0
|
67
|
|
-8.8
|
*
|
3.2
|
67
|
|
-9
|
15,712
|
6 months or more
|
85
|
94.5
|
85
|
|
75.8
|
85
|
|
-18.7
|
*
|
4.2
|
85
|
|
-20
|
16,552
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
95
|
96.8
|
95
|
|
85.9
|
95
|
|
-10.9
|
*
|
2.7
|
95
|
|
-11
|
22,157
|
Treatment not completed
|
99
|
96.9
|
99
|
|
91.0
|
99
|
|
-5.9
|
*
|
2.3
|
99
|
|
-6
|
21,649
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
63
|
98.6
|
63
|
|
85.5
|
63
|
|
-13.1
|
*
|
4.6
|
63
|
|
-13
|
13,532
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
138
|
95.1
|
138
|
|
89.1
|
138
|
|
-6.0
|
*
|
1.7
|
138
|
|
-6
|
31,837
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
31
|
91.3
|
31
|
|
79.2
|
31
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
6.0
|
31
|
|
-13
|
8,565
|
1-2
|
89
|
95.2
|
89
|
|
89.6
|
89
|
|
-5.6
|
|
2.9
|
89
|
|
n.s.
|
17,797
|
3 or more
|
94
|
99.2
|
94
|
|
88.2
|
94
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
2.6
|
94
|
|
-11
|
20,920
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
91
|
93.2
|
91
|
|
85.4
|
91
|
|
-7.8
|
*
|
2.6
|
91
|
|
-8
|
21,126
|
1-2
|
83
|
97.9
|
83
|
|
89.3
|
83
|
|
-8.6
|
*
|
3.9
|
83
|
|
-9
|
15,486
|
3 or more
|
41
|
100.0
|
41
|
|
87.3
|
41
|
|
-12.7
|
*
|
4.8
|
41
|
|
-13
|
10,720
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
59
|
93.9
|
59
|
|
80.9
|
59
|
|
-12.9
|
*
|
4.5
|
59
|
|
-14
|
14,716
|
1 or more
|
155
|
97.4
|
155
|
|
89.8
|
155
|
|
-7.5
|
*
|
2.0
|
155
|
|
-8
|
32,456
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
n.a. Significant percentage difference is not reported due to extremely small sample size of less than 20 cases.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-25. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who used any illicit drug during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage using any illicit drug 5 or more times
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
1,799
|
75.4
|
1,799
|
|
59.3
|
1,799
|
|
-16.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-21
|
976,012
|
Total Outpatient
Nonmethadone
|
556
|
64.9
|
556
|
|
52.6
|
556
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
556
|
|
-19
|
387,375
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
381
|
63.0
|
381
|
|
53.7
|
381
|
|
-9.3
|
*
|
2.5
|
381
|
|
-15
|
270,690
|
Female
|
175
|
69.3
|
175
|
|
50.1
|
175
|
|
-19.2
|
*
|
4.6
|
175
|
|
-28
|
116,686
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
382
|
73.5
|
382
|
|
60.1
|
382
|
|
-13.4
|
*
|
3.7
|
382
|
|
-18
|
253,904
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
98
|
61.0
|
98
|
|
47.0
|
98
|
|
-14.0
|
*
|
2.8
|
98
|
|
-23
|
70,613
|
Hispanic
|
55
|
30.5
|
55
|
|
21.5
|
55
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
3.3
|
55
|
|
-30
|
4,962
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
80
|
63.9
|
80
|
|
73.8
|
80
|
|
9.9
|
*
|
4.5
|
80
|
|
15
|
52,631
|
18 - 29
|
214
|
74.4
|
214
|
|
60.1
|
214
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.4
|
214
|
|
-19
|
148,141
|
30 - 39
|
180
|
71.3
|
180
|
|
51.4
|
180
|
|
-19.9
|
*
|
4.4
|
180
|
|
-28
|
126,701
|
40 +
|
82
|
28.9
|
82
|
|
18.2
|
82
|
|
-10.7
|
*
|
3.4
|
82
|
|
-37
|
59,903
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
103
|
52.0
|
103
|
|
38.4
|
103
|
|
-13.6
|
*
|
4.3
|
103
|
|
-26
|
75,553
|
10 to 11 years
|
136
|
75.2
|
136
|
|
64.1
|
136
|
|
-11.1
|
*
|
5.6
|
136
|
|
-15
|
99,366
|
12 years or GED
|
165
|
67.3
|
165
|
|
56.4
|
165
|
|
-10.9
|
*
|
3.9
|
165
|
|
-16
|
112,580
|
College/grad school
|
150
|
61.8
|
150
|
|
47.3
|
150
|
|
-14.5
|
*
|
4.7
|
143
|
|
-23
|
97,742
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
389
|
58.9
|
389
|
|
49.8
|
389
|
|
-9.1
|
*
|
3.0
|
389
|
|
-15
|
267,578
|
Marijuana
|
183
|
97.1
|
183
|
|
82.6
|
183
|
|
-14.5
|
*
|
3.5
|
183
|
|
-15
|
126,059
|
Cocaine
|
107
|
96.9
|
107
|
|
75.1
|
107
|
|
-21.8
|
*
|
4.6
|
107
|
|
-22
|
67,863
|
Crack
|
60
|
98.3
|
60
|
|
77.0
|
60
|
|
-21.3
|
*
|
6.6
|
60
|
|
-22
|
36,209
|
Heroin
|
32
|
100.0
|
32
|
|
86.6
|
32
|
|
-13.4
|
*
|
6.6
|
32
|
|
-13
|
16,867
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
250
|
63.5
|
250
|
|
52.2
|
250
|
|
-11.3
|
*
|
4.1
|
250
|
|
-18
|
181,365
|
Health problems
|
106
|
63.0
|
106
|
|
51.5
|
106
|
|
-11.6
|
*
|
4.9
|
106
|
|
-18
|
71,482
|
Relationship problems
|
226
|
90.2
|
226
|
|
54.7
|
226
|
|
-15.4
|
*
|
3.5
|
226
|
|
-17
|
152,529
|
Pressure from employer
|
36
|
61.1
|
36
|
|
46.2
|
36
|
|
-14.9
|
|
8.0
|
36
|
|
n.s.
|
23,350
|
Financial problems
|
117
|
74.8
|
117
|
|
54.1
|
117
|
|
-20.7
|
*
|
4.2
|
117
|
|
-28
|
82,805
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
19
|
72.5
|
19
|
|
30.6
|
19
|
|
-41.8
|
*
|
10.3
|
19
|
|
-58
|
14,881
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
40
|
62.0
|
40
|
|
57.9
|
40
|
|
-4.1
|
|
5.0
|
40
|
|
n.s.
|
27,892
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
307
|
63.7
|
307
|
|
57.3
|
307
|
|
-6.4
|
|
3.9
|
307
|
|
n.s.
|
209,932
|
6 months or more
|
178
|
65.2
|
178
|
|
44.5
|
178
|
|
-20.6
|
*
|
3.4
|
178
|
|
-32
|
123,726
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
366
|
63.5
|
366
|
|
48.3
|
366
|
|
-15.3
|
*
|
3.5
|
366
|
|
-24
|
253,621
|
Treatment not completed
|
144
|
72.7
|
144
|
|
66.6
|
144
|
|
-6.1
|
*
|
3.5
|
144
|
|
-8
|
100,273
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
205
|
58.5
|
205
|
|
42.6
|
205
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
4.1
|
205
|
|
-27
|
141,670
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
323
|
70.7
|
323
|
|
60.2
|
323
|
|
-10.5
|
*
|
2.9
|
323
|
|
-15
|
223,127
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
229
|
48.8
|
229
|
|
35.9
|
229
|
|
-12.9
|
*
|
3.8
|
229
|
|
-26
|
171,110
|
1-2
|
218
|
74.9
|
218
|
|
65.6
|
218
|
|
-9.3
|
*
|
2.9
|
218
|
|
-12
|
144,269
|
3 or more
|
104
|
86.8
|
104
|
|
68.8
|
104
|
|
-18.0
|
*
|
3.2
|
104
|
|
-21
|
67,589
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
355
|
57.8
|
355
|
|
48.4
|
355
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
355
|
|
-16
|
254,719
|
1-2
|
160
|
80.6
|
160
|
|
61.2
|
160
|
|
-19.4
|
*
|
3.9
|
160
|
|
-24
|
105,467
|
3 or more
|
37
|
77.2
|
37
|
|
62.9
|
37
|
|
-14.4
|
|
8.6
|
37
|
|
n.s.
|
23,559
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
335
|
56.8
|
335
|
|
42.5
|
335
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.3
|
335
|
|
-25
|
243,837
|
1 or more
|
219
|
79.8
|
219
|
|
70.9
|
219
|
|
-8.9
|
|
3.4
|
219
|
|
n.s.
|
141,460
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and
August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-26. Percentage who reported any criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Criminal Activity
|
Percentage reporting criminal activity
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
Vehicle theft
|
9.0
|
1,790
|
|
4.0
|
1,789
|
|
-5.0
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,789
|
|
-56
|
962,296
|
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
|
60.5
|
1,794
|
|
43.3
|
1,786
|
|
-17.1
|
*
|
2.8
|
1,786
|
|
-28
|
962,391
|
Driving under the influence (DUI)
|
54.1
|
1,793
|
|
40.4
|
1,785
|
|
-13.6
|
*
|
1.8
|
1,784
|
|
-25
|
961,093
|
Public disorder
|
28.1
|
1,792
|
|
19.6
|
1,785
|
|
-8.5
|
*
|
1.2
|
1,785
|
|
-30
|
961,052
|
Sell drugs
|
34.7
|
1,786
|
|
24.2
|
1,787
|
|
-10.5
|
*
|
1.4
|
1,786
|
|
-30
|
962,389
|
Prostitution/procurement
|
12.8
|
1,790
|
|
9.5
|
1,790
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,790
|
|
-25
|
963,696
|
Fraud/forgery
|
13.7
|
1,792
|
|
10.3
|
1,792
|
|
-3.5
|
*
|
1.0
|
1,792
|
|
-26
|
963,348
|
Theft/larceny
|
27.3
|
1,791
|
|
17.2
|
1,788
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,787
|
|
-37
|
960,815
|
Breaking and entering
|
13.6
|
1,792
|
|
8.4
|
1,793
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
1.2
|
1,792
|
|
-38
|
964,140
|
Armed robbery
|
3.4
|
1,794
|
|
3.4
|
1,793
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.6
|
1,793
|
|
n.s.
|
963,674
|
Arson
|
1.5
|
1,794
|
|
0.6
|
1,793
|
|
-0.9
|
|
0.3
|
1,793
|
|
n.s.
|
964,585
|
Threaten/attack
|
12.4
|
1,792
|
|
9.4
|
1,791
|
|
-2.9
|
*
|
1.0
|
1,791
|
|
-23
|
962,441
|
Use force for sex
|
0.7
|
1,792
|
|
0.6
|
1,791
|
|
-0.1
|
|
0.3
|
1,791
|
|
n.s.
|
965,569
|
Homicide
|
0.4
|
1,792
|
|
0.1
|
1,792
|
|
-0.3
|
|
0.2
|
1,792
|
|
n.s.
|
963,618
|
Violate parole
|
16.6
|
1,788
|
|
20.9
|
1,784
|
|
4.3
|
*
|
1.4
|
1,784
|
|
26
|
960,137
|
Arrested
|
65.7
|
1,781
|
|
54.4
|
1,782
|
|
-11.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
1,750
|
|
-17
|
942,237
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, or probation or parole+
|
42.8
|
1,792
|
|
56.8
|
1,533
|
|
7.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
1,528
|
|
17
|
813,503
|
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
|
27.2
|
1,782
|
|
17.6
|
1,782
|
|
-9.5
|
*
|
1.1
|
1,776
|
|
-35
|
955,980
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-27. Percentage in inpatient treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Criminal Activity
|
Percentage reporting criminal activity
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle theft
|
9.2
|
695
|
|
4.3
|
694
|
|
-4.9
|
*
|
1.2
|
694
|
|
-53
|
356,292
|
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
|
58.8
|
696
|
|
41.9
|
692
|
|
-16.7
|
*
|
3.0
|
692
|
|
-28
|
356,445
|
Driving under the influence (DUI)
|
56.8
|
696
|
|
41.2
|
693
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
2.1
|
693
|
|
-27
|
355,935
|
Public disorder
|
28.2
|
695
|
|
21.2
|
694
|
|
-6.8
|
*
|
2.0
|
694
|
|
-24
|
356,043
|
Sell drugs
|
34.7
|
693
|
|
23.3
|
694
|
|
-11.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
693
|
|
-33
|
355,052
|
Prostitution/procurement
|
14.8
|
695
|
|
12.1
|
695
|
|
-2.7
|
|
1.7
|
695
|
|
n.s.
|
355,704
|
Fraud/forgery
|
16.4
|
696
|
|
11.3
|
696
|
|
-5.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
696
|
|
-31
|
356,445
|
Theft/larceny
|
29.3
|
696
|
|
19.7
|
694
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
694
|
|
-32
|
355,193
|
Breaking and entering
|
14.4
|
696
|
|
8.8
|
696
|
|
-5.6
|
*
|
1.7
|
696
|
|
-39
|
356,445
|
Armed robbery
|
4.1
|
697
|
|
3.8
|
697
|
|
-0.3
|
|
1.0
|
697
|
|
n.s.
|
356,686
|
Arson
|
1.1
|
696
|
|
0.5
|
696
|
|
-0.6
|
|
0.5
|
696
|
|
n.s.
|
355,945
|
Threaten/attack
|
13.4
|
696
|
|
10.2
|
696
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
1.2
|
696
|
|
-24
|
355,945
|
Use force for sex
|
0.8
|
695
|
|
1.1
|
695
|
|
0.3
|
|
0.5
|
695
|
|
n.s.
|
355,533
|
Homicide
|
0.3
|
694
|
|
0.3
|
694
|
|
0.1
|
|
0.1
|
694
|
|
n.s.
|
354,718
|
Violated parole
|
18.4
|
694
|
|
20.1
|
692
|
|
1.6
|
|
1.8
|
692
|
|
n.s.
|
355,700
|
Arrested
|
63.1
|
695
|
|
56.3
|
685
|
|
-6.7
|
*
|
2.6
|
682
|
|
-11
|
349,486
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
|
43.4
|
696
|
|
58.6
|
582
|
|
9.1
|
*
|
2.4
|
580
|
|
21
|
302,067
|
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
|
31.4
|
692
|
|
21.0
|
693
|
|
-10.1
|
*
|
1.8
|
690
|
|
-32
|
353,208
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-28. Percentage in residential treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Criminal Activity
|
Percentage reporting criminal activity
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle theft
|
11.2
|
326
|
|
5.7
|
326
|
|
-5.5
|
*
|
2.2
|
326
|
|
-49
|
173,811
|
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
|
67.6
|
326
|
|
50.3
|
323
|
|
-17.7
|
*
|
2.8
|
323
|
|
-26
|
172,475
|
Driving under the influence (DUI)
|
60.3
|
326
|
|
49.4
|
325
|
|
-11.1
|
*
|
3.1
|
325
|
|
-18
|
173,214
|
Public disorder
|
34.2
|
326
|
|
24.2
|
324
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
2.7
|
324
|
|
-29
|
172,749
|
Sell drugs
|
45.2
|
325
|
|
26.6
|
325
|
|
-18.6
|
*
|
2.7
|
325
|
|
-41
|
172,985
|
Prostitution/procurement
|
18.7
|
324
|
|
13.3
|
324
|
|
-5.4
|
|
3.1
|
324
|
|
n.s.
|
173,087
|
Fraud/forgery
|
20.1
|
326
|
|
13.5
|
326
|
|
-6.6
|
*
|
2.6
|
326
|
|
-33
|
173,811
|
Theft/larceny
|
34.7
|
326
|
|
22.4
|
326
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
3.1
|
326
|
|
-35
|
173,811
|
Breaking and entering
|
18.7
|
324
|
|
11.3
|
325
|
|
-7.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
324
|
|
-40
|
172,608
|
Armed robbery
|
4.9
|
325
|
|
5.3
|
325
|
|
0.4
|
|
1.6
|
325
|
|
n.s.
|
172,985
|
Arson
|
1.0
|
326
|
|
0.6
|
326
|
|
-1.3
|
|
1.2
|
326
|
|
n.s.
|
173,811
|
Threaten/attack
|
16.6
|
325
|
|
11.1
|
325
|
|
-5.5
|
*
|
2.4
|
325
|
|
-33
|
172,985
|
Use force for sex
|
1.0
|
325
|
|
0.2
|
325
|
|
-0.8
|
|
0.8
|
325
|
|
n.s.
|
173,207
|
Homicide
|
0.6
|
326
|
|
0.0
|
323
|
|
-0.6
|
|
0.4
|
326
|
|
n.s.
|
173,811
|
Violated parole
|
21.1
|
325
|
|
33.5
|
325
|
|
12.4
|
*
|
2.5
|
325
|
|
59
|
172,693
|
Arrested
|
74.8
|
320
|
|
67.9
|
318
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
3.5
|
315
|
|
-10
|
166,432
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
|
53.8
|
323
|
|
68.4
|
292
|
|
8.1
|
*
|
3.9
|
289
|
|
15
|
150,438
|
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
|
31.6
|
323
|
|
16.3
|
325
|
|
-15.2
|
*
|
3.7
|
323
|
|
-48
|
171,995
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-29. Percentage in methadone maintenance treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Criminal Activity
|
Percentage reporting criminal activity
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle theft
|
7.5
|
216
|
|
4.8
|
216
|
|
-2.7
|
|
1.4
|
216
|
|
n.s.
|
47,713
|
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
|
46.9
|
216
|
|
29.0
|
216
|
|
-17.8
|
*
|
3.6
|
216
|
|
-38
|
47,713
|
Driving under the influence (DUI)
|
50.9
|
215
|
|
34.4
|
214
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
3.8
|
213
|
|
-31
|
47,092
|
Public disorder
|
22.8
|
216
|
|
18.4
|
215
|
|
-4.4
|
*
|
1.8
|
215
|
|
-19
|
47,553
|
Sell drugs
|
47.3
|
214
|
|
31.0
|
214
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
5.2
|
214
|
|
-34
|
47,064
|
Prostitution/procurement
|
22.4
|
215
|
|
18.3
|
215
|
|
-4.1
|
|
2.4
|
215
|
|
n.s.
|
47,530
|
Fraud/forgery
|
26.3
|
216
|
|
14.0
|
216
|
|
-12.4
|
*
|
5.2
|
216
|
|
-47
|
47,713
|
Theft/larceny
|
38.3
|
215
|
|
28.1
|
214
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
3.8
|
213
|
|
-26
|
47,343
|
Breaking and entering
|
19.1
|
216
|
|
10.8
|
216
|
|
-8.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
216
|
|
-43
|
47,713
|
Armed robbery
|
3.9
|
216
|
|
2.3
|
216
|
|
-1.5
|
|
1.4
|
216
|
|
n.s.
|
47,713
|
Arson
|
1.3
|
216
|
|
0.0
|
216
|
|
-1.3
|
|
0.8
|
216
|
|
n.s.
|
47,713
|
Threaten/attack
|
8.7
|
216
|
|
5.9
|
216
|
|
-2.8
|
|
3.5
|
216
|
|
n.s.
|
47,713
|
Use force for sex
|
0.5
|
216
|
|
0.0
|
215
|
|
0.0
|
|
0.0
|
215
|
|
n.s.
|
47,453
|
Homicide
|
0.8
|
216
|
|
0.0
|
216
|
|
-0.8
|
|
0.5
|
216
|
|
n.s.
|
47,713
|
Violated parole
|
22.6
|
214
|
|
21.4
|
213
|
|
-0.8
|
|
4.2
|
213
|
|
n.s.
|
47,133
|
Arrested
|
67.9
|
214
|
|
60.8
|
213
|
|
-7.1
|
|
4.5
|
210
|
|
n.s.
|
46,631
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
|
45.3
|
217
|
|
59.0
|
198
|
|
9.9
|
|
6.0
|
198
|
|
n.s.
|
44,143
|
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
|
60.7
|
213
|
|
40.3
|
212
|
|
-20.2
|
*
|
4.3
|
212
|
|
-33
|
46,449
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-30. Percentage in outpatient nonmethadone treatment who reported criminal activity during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Criminal Activity
|
Percentage reporting criminal activity
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vehicle theft
|
8.0
|
553
|
|
2.9
|
553
|
|
-5.1
|
*
|
1.6
|
553
|
|
-64
|
384,987
|
Driving while intoxicated (DWI)
|
60.5
|
556
|
|
43.3
|
555
|
|
-17.2
|
*
|
6.1
|
555
|
|
-28
|
387,191
|
Driving under the influence (DUI)
|
49.3
|
556
|
|
36.3
|
553
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
3.6
|
553
|
|
-26
|
386,229
|
Public disorder
|
26.0
|
555
|
|
16.2
|
552
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
2.3
|
552
|
|
-38
|
385,172
|
Sell drugs
|
28.4
|
554
|
|
23.1
|
554
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
554
|
|
-19
|
387,287
|
Prostitution/procurement
|
7.1
|
556
|
|
4.4
|
556
|
|
-2.7
|
*
|
1.0
|
556
|
|
-38
|
387,375
|
Fraud/forgery
|
6.8
|
554
|
|
7.4
|
554
|
|
0.6
|
|
1.4
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
385,379
|
Theft/larceny
|
20.8
|
554
|
|
11.5
|
554
|
|
-9.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
554
|
|
-45
|
385,379
|
Breaking and entering
|
9.9
|
556
|
|
6.5
|
556
|
|
-3.4
|
|
1.9
|
556
|
|
n.s.
|
387,375
|
Armed robbery
|
1.9
|
556
|
|
2.2
|
555
|
|
0.3
|
|
0.7
|
555
|
|
n.s.
|
386,290
|
Arson
|
1.6
|
556
|
|
0.7
|
555
|
|
-0.8
|
|
0.5
|
555
|
|
n.s.
|
387,116
|
Threaten/attack
|
10.0
|
555
|
|
8.3
|
554
|
|
-1.4
|
|
1.9
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
385,797
|
Use force for sex
|
0.5
|
556
|
|
0.5
|
556
|
|
-0.1
|
|
0.3
|
556
|
|
n.s.
|
387,375
|
Homicide
|
0.5
|
556
|
|
0.0
|
556
|
|
-0.5
|
|
0.3
|
556
|
|
n.s.
|
387,375
|
Violated parole
|
12.2
|
555
|
|
15.9
|
554
|
|
3.7
|
|
2.0
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
385,589
|
Arrested
|
63.8
|
552
|
|
46.0
|
546
|
|
-17.8
|
*
|
5.4
|
543
|
|
-28
|
379,688
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Spent time in jail, prison, detention, probation, or parole+
|
37.1
|
556
|
|
49.3
|
461
|
|
4.8
|
|
3.4
|
461
|
|
n.s.
|
316,855
|
Supported self mainly through criminal activity
|
17.4
|
554
|
|
12.2
|
552
|
|
-5.0
|
*
|
1.8
|
551
|
|
-29
|
384,328
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
+ There were a large number of cases missing for this variable during the five years after the SROS episode because of item non-response on the five questions that were combined to create this variable.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-31. Percentage who drove under the influence during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage driving under the influence
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
54.1
|
1,793
|
|
40.4
|
1,785
|
|
-13.6
|
*
|
1.8
|
1784
|
|
-25
|
961,093
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
57.7
|
1,246
|
|
44.7
|
1,240
|
|
-13.0
|
*
|
2.1
|
1,240
|
|
-23
|
686,356
|
Female
|
548
|
45.1
|
547
|
|
29.6
|
545
|
|
-15.2
|
*
|
2.7
|
544
|
|
-34
|
274,737
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
59.0
|
1,097
|
|
45.8
|
1,091
|
|
-13.1
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,091
|
|
-22
|
576,380
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
46.6
|
497
|
|
32.1
|
496
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
495
|
|
-31
|
272,952
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
47.8
|
137
|
|
25.4
|
137
|
|
-22.4
|
*
|
5.3
|
137
|
|
-47
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
20.0
|
156
|
|
47.9
|
156
|
|
27.8
|
*
|
6.8
|
156
|
|
139
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
59.3
|
593
|
|
47.4
|
588
|
|
-11.8
|
*
|
2.4
|
588
|
|
-20
|
333,767
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
61.8
|
610
|
|
39.4
|
610
|
|
-22.4
|
*
|
2.2
|
609
|
|
-36
|
319,604
|
40 +
|
309
|
42.5
|
308
|
|
22.7
|
305
|
|
-19.3
|
*
|
2.9
|
305
|
|
-45
|
159,649
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
53.4
|
305
|
|
38.8
|
304
|
|
-14.6
|
*
|
4.6
|
303
|
|
-27
|
171,763
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
51.8
|
486
|
|
39.6
|
483
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
3.9
|
483
|
|
-23
|
267,491
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
57.4
|
514
|
|
44.1
|
513
|
|
-13.3
|
*
|
3.7
|
513
|
|
-23
|
270,208
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
53.4
|
485
|
|
38.7
|
482
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
2.1
|
482
|
|
-27
|
248,989
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
56.8
|
696
|
|
41.2
|
693
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
2.1
|
693
|
|
-27
|
354,558
|
Residential
|
326
|
60.3
|
326
|
|
49.4
|
325
|
|
-11.1
|
*
|
3.1
|
325
|
|
-18
|
173,214
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
50.9
|
215
|
|
34.4
|
214
|
|
-15.9
|
*
|
3.8
|
213
|
|
-31
|
47,092
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
49.3
|
556
|
|
36.3
|
553
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
3.6
|
553
|
|
-26
|
386,229
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
55.3
|
115
|
|
39.5
|
1,109
|
|
-15.6
|
*
|
2.3
|
1,109
|
|
-28
|
616,636
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
60.6
|
442
|
|
55.8
|
441
|
|
-4.9
|
|
3.9
|
441
|
|
n.s.
|
247,293
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
58.0
|
431
|
|
42.1
|
429
|
|
-15.8
|
*
|
2.8
|
429
|
|
-27
|
210,366
|
Crack
|
382
|
65.3
|
379
|
|
49.8
|
379
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
3.4
|
378
|
|
-24
|
221,700
|
Heroin
|
315
|
66.8
|
312
|
|
50.3
|
311
|
|
-16.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
310
|
|
-24
|
108,717
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
56.0
|
522
|
|
44.3
|
519
|
|
-11.7
|
*
|
3.3
|
519
|
|
-21
|
309,587
|
Health problems
|
437
|
55.1
|
436
|
|
38.8
|
435
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
3.5
|
435
|
|
-30
|
223,875
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
58.8
|
834
|
|
43.8
|
830
|
|
-14.9
|
*
|
2.2
|
830
|
|
-25
|
440,050
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
68.4
|
132
|
|
48.0
|
132
|
|
-20.5
|
*
|
4.4
|
132
|
|
-30
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
64.1
|
499
|
|
48.4
|
498
|
|
-15.7
|
*
|
2.7
|
498
|
|
-24
|
254,469
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
53.8
|
297
|
|
41.0
|
296
|
|
-12.6
|
*
|
3.3
|
296
|
|
-23
|
178,873
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
60.6
|
471
|
|
44.2
|
469
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
2.7
|
469
|
|
-27
|
236,563
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
51.4
|
660
|
|
41.2
|
657
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
3.1
|
657
|
|
-19
|
356,491
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
50.2
|
344
|
|
31.3
|
343
|
|
-18.8
|
*
|
3.3
|
342
|
|
-37
|
172,942
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
54.6
|
1,188
|
|
37.9
|
1,185
|
|
-16.6
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,185
|
|
-30
|
652,229
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
55.2
|
503
|
|
47.0
|
500
|
|
-8.0
|
*
|
2.6
|
499
|
|
-14
|
254,725
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
52.8
|
758
|
|
33.1
|
755
|
|
-19.6
|
*
|
2.0
|
755
|
|
-37
|
411,099
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
55.8
|
972
|
|
45.9
|
969
|
|
-9.8
|
*
|
2.0
|
968
|
|
-18
|
514,611
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
46.2
|
530
|
|
29.9
|
529
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
3.4
|
529
|
|
-35
|
315,486
|
1-2
|
708
|
55.6
|
705
|
|
42.8
|
701
|
|
-12.6
|
*
|
2.4
|
700
|
|
-23
|
364,356
|
3 or more
|
525
|
62.3
|
523
|
|
51.5
|
521
|
|
-10.7
|
*
|
2.0
|
521
|
|
-17
|
259,934
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
47.8
|
982
|
|
37.2
|
979
|
|
-10.5
|
*
|
2.3
|
979
|
|
-22
|
55,351
|
1-2
|
553
|
62.4
|
550
|
|
45.3
|
547
|
|
-17.0
|
*
|
3.0
|
546
|
|
-27
|
273,242
|
3 or more
|
244
|
65.9
|
243
|
|
46.6
|
242
|
|
-19.3
|
*
|
3.3
|
242
|
|
-29
|
121,607
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
52.7
|
836
|
|
30.8
|
833
|
|
-21.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
832
|
|
-41
|
483,523
|
1 or more
|
943
|
56.3
|
940
|
|
50.6
|
936
|
|
-5.6
|
*
|
1.9
|
936
|
|
-10
|
468,738
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-32. Percentage who drove while intoxicated during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage driving while intoxicated
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
60.5
|
1,794
|
|
43.3
|
1,786
|
|
-17.7
|
*
|
2.8
|
1786
|
|
-28
|
962,391
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
66.6
|
1,246
|
|
47.7
|
1,239
|
|
-18.9
|
*
|
3.3
|
1,239
|
|
-28
|
686,049
|
Female
|
548
|
45.3
|
545
|
|
32.5
|
547
|
|
-12.8
|
*
|
3.2
|
547
|
|
-28
|
276,343
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
66.4
|
1,097
|
|
49.5
|
1,091
|
|
-16.9
|
*
|
2.4
|
1,091
|
|
-25
|
577,057
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
49.0
|
498
|
|
31.9
|
497
|
|
-17.1
|
*
|
3.0
|
497
|
|
-35
|
273,337
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
60.0
|
137
|
|
32.0
|
137
|
|
-28.0
|
|
17.0
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
25.8
|
156
|
|
56.1
|
156
|
|
30.3
|
*
|
7.4
|
156
|
|
117
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
61.7
|
593
|
|
49.2
|
591
|
|
-12.6
|
*
|
3.0
|
597
|
|
-20
|
334,577
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
69.3
|
611
|
|
42.5
|
608
|
|
-26.8
|
*
|
2.8
|
608
|
|
-39
|
320,017
|
40 +
|
309
|
57.5
|
308
|
|
27.5
|
305
|
|
-30.0
|
*
|
3.7
|
305
|
|
-52
|
159,724
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
56.7
|
306
|
|
38.8
|
304
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
8.1
|
304
|
|
-32
|
172,069
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
54.5
|
485
|
|
43.2
|
482
|
|
-11.1
|
*
|
3.6
|
482
|
|
-20
|
266,662
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
65.6
|
515
|
|
47.2
|
512
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.9
|
512
|
|
-28
|
270,719
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
64.5
|
485
|
|
42.6
|
485
|
|
-21.9
|
*
|
3.0
|
485
|
|
-34
|
250,299
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
58.8
|
696
|
|
41.9
|
692
|
|
-16.7
|
*
|
3.0
|
692
|
|
-28
|
355,012
|
Residential
|
326
|
67.6
|
326
|
|
50.3
|
323
|
|
-17.7
|
*
|
2.8
|
323
|
|
-26
|
172,475
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
46.9
|
216
|
|
29.0
|
316
|
|
-17.8
|
*
|
3.6
|
216
|
|
-38
|
47,713
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
60.5
|
556
|
|
43.3
|
555
|
|
-17.2
|
*
|
6.1
|
555
|
|
-28
|
387,191
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
69.3
|
1,116
|
|
47.3
|
1,110
|
|
-22.0
|
*
|
3.5
|
1,110
|
|
-32
|
617,949
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
61.5
|
443
|
|
57.2
|
441
|
|
-4.4
|
|
3.9
|
441
|
|
n.s.
|
247,693
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
55.5
|
432
|
|
40.2
|
431
|
|
-15.2
|
*
|
2.4
|
431
|
|
-27
|
210,712
|
Crack
|
382
|
61.8
|
380
|
|
44.9
|
378
|
|
-16.8
|
*
|
2.1
|
378
|
|
-27
|
222,415
|
Heroin
|
315
|
56.5
|
313
|
|
42.5
|
313
|
|
-14.0
|
*
|
3.5
|
313
|
|
-25
|
109,338
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
66.0
|
522
|
|
47.8
|
519
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.3
|
519
|
|
-28
|
309,794
|
Health problems
|
437
|
59.7
|
436
|
|
38.9
|
433
|
|
-20..7
|
*
|
4.0
|
433
|
|
-35
|
223,145
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
62.1
|
835
|
|
45.8
|
834
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
2.7
|
834
|
|
-26
|
442,095
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
72.5
|
132
|
|
46.0
|
132
|
|
-26.5
|
*
|
5.2
|
132
|
|
-37
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
65.9
|
500
|
|
50.3
|
498
|
|
-15.4
|
*
|
2.6
|
498
|
|
-23
|
254,793
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
53.2
|
297
|
|
40.6
|
296
|
|
-12.5
|
|
4.0
|
296
|
|
n.s.
|
178,958
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
62.5
|
471
|
|
45.1
|
469
|
|
-17.4
|
|
2.7
|
469
|
|
n.s.
|
236,854
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
59.8
|
660
|
|
45.7
|
656
|
|
-14.0
|
|
4.5
|
656
|
|
n.s.
|
356,792
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
64.9
|
345
|
|
36.7
|
345
|
|
-28.2
|
|
4.8
|
345
|
|
n.s.
|
173,563
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
63.3
|
1,188
|
|
42.7
|
1,183
|
|
-20.5
|
*
|
2.0
|
1,185
|
|
-32
|
652,099
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
55.1
|
504
|
|
45.5
|
502
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
2.6
|
499
|
|
-18
|
255,967
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
60.4
|
758
|
|
36.5
|
756
|
|
-23.9
|
*
|
3.2
|
756
|
|
-40
|
412,323
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
60.8
|
973
|
|
49.1
|
968
|
|
-11.7
|
*
|
2.7
|
968
|
|
-19
|
514,500
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
56.2
|
529
|
|
35.8
|
525
|
|
-20.4
|
*
|
6.1
|
525
|
|
-36
|
314,185
|
1-2
|
708
|
62.0
|
707
|
|
46.0
|
705
|
|
-16.0
|
*
|
3.1
|
705
|
|
-26
|
367,145
|
3 or more
|
525
|
64.5
|
523
|
|
50.2
|
522
|
|
-14.2
|
*
|
2.5
|
522
|
|
-22
|
259,962
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
54.7
|
981
|
|
41.2
|
977
|
|
-13.5
|
*
|
4.2
|
977
|
|
-25
|
554,616
|
1-2
|
553
|
69.3
|
552
|
|
48.5
|
549
|
|
-20.9
|
*
|
3.1
|
549
|
|
-30
|
275,116
|
3 or more
|
244
|
68.6
|
243
|
|
45.4
|
243
|
|
-23.2
|
*
|
3.4
|
243
|
|
-34
|
121,767
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
61.6
|
837
|
|
36.0
|
832
|
|
-25.7
|
*
|
4.2
|
832
|
|
-42
|
484,158
|
1 or more
|
943
|
59.9
|
940
|
|
51.2
|
938
|
|
-8.6
|
*
|
2.3
|
938
|
|
-14
|
469,402
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
|
TABLE B-33. Percentage who sold drugs during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage selling drugs
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
34.7
|
1,786
|
|
24.2
|
1,787
|
|
-10.5
|
*
|
1.4
|
1786
|
|
-30
|
962,389
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
36.0
|
1,240
|
|
26.0
|
1,241
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,240
|
|
-28
|
686,022
|
Female
|
548
|
31.5
|
546
|
|
19.8
|
546
|
|
-11.7
|
*
|
2.5
|
546
|
|
-37
|
276,367
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
34.3
|
1,092
|
|
23.5
|
1,092
|
|
-10.8
|
*
|
2.3
|
1,092
|
|
-31
|
578,108
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
39.0
|
495
|
|
26.7
|
496
|
|
-12.4
|
*
|
2.7
|
495
|
|
-32
|
272,141
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
20.2
|
137
|
|
17.8
|
137
|
|
-2.4
|
|
3.9
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
33.5
|
156
|
|
42.4
|
156
|
|
8.9
|
*
|
3.4
|
156
|
|
27
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
41.8
|
593
|
|
32.9
|
593
|
|
-8.8
|
*
|
2.2
|
593
|
|
-21
|
335,686
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
37.4
|
605
|
|
19.3
|
606
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
2.5
|
605
|
|
-49
|
318,696
|
40 +
|
309
|
15.0
|
306
|
|
6.9
|
306
|
|
-8.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
306
|
|
-54
|
159,935
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
31.3
|
305
|
|
26.4
|
305
|
|
-4.9
|
|
2.7
|
305
|
|
n.s.
|
173,226
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
38.6
|
483
|
|
27.9
|
483
|
|
-10.7
|
*
|
2.6
|
483
|
|
-28
|
267,249
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
33.1
|
513
|
|
23.5
|
513
|
|
-9.7
|
*
|
2.9
|
513
|
|
-29
|
270,608
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
34.7
|
482
|
|
19.5
|
483
|
|
-15.3
|
*
|
3.0
|
482
|
|
-44
|
248,663
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
34.7
|
693
|
|
23.3
|
694
|
|
-11.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
693
|
|
-33
|
355,052
|
Residential
|
326
|
45.2
|
325
|
|
26.6
|
325
|
|
-18.6
|
*
|
2.7
|
325
|
|
-41
|
172,985
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
47.3
|
214
|
|
31.0
|
214
|
|
-16.3
|
*
|
5.2
|
214
|
|
-34
|
47,063
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
28.4
|
554
|
|
23.1
|
554
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
554
|
|
-19
|
387,287
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
29.4
|
1,110
|
|
20.9
|
1,111
|
|
-8.5
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,110
|
|
-29
|
617,325
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
50.5
|
441
|
|
40.8
|
441
|
|
-9.8
|
*
|
3.5
|
441
|
|
-19
|
247,510
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
46.6
|
432
|
|
31.8
|
432
|
|
-14.9
|
*
|
3.3
|
432
|
|
-32
|
210,195
|
Crack
|
382
|
58.0
|
378
|
|
39.7
|
379
|
|
-18.3
|
*
|
3.4
|
378
|
|
-32
|
222,926
|
Heroin
|
315
|
58.7
|
310
|
|
43.2
|
310
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
3.4
|
310
|
|
-26
|
107,401
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
40.2
|
521
|
|
28.7
|
521
|
|
-11.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
521
|
|
-28
|
310,666
|
Health problems
|
437
|
33.3
|
434
|
|
19.3
|
434
|
|
-14.0
|
*
|
2.6
|
434
|
|
-42
|
223,196
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
36.6
|
834
|
|
26.4
|
834
|
|
-10.2
|
*
|
1.4
|
834
|
|
-28
|
441,411
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
30.3
|
131
|
|
21.9
|
131
|
|
-8.4
|
|
3.7
|
131
|
|
n.s.
|
65,313
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
42.3
|
496
|
|
29.1
|
497
|
|
-13.3
|
*
|
2.2
|
496
|
|
-31
|
253,711
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
38.0
|
295
|
|
28.2
|
296
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
2.1
|
295
|
|
-26
|
178,660
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
33.6
|
470
|
|
23.8
|
470
|
|
-9.8
|
*
|
3.1
|
470
|
|
-29
|
237,451
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
34.5
|
656
|
|
24.4
|
656
|
|
-10.1
|
*
|
2.6
|
656
|
|
-29
|
355,930
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
31.8
|
344
|
|
18.5
|
344
|
|
-13.3
|
*
|
2.9
|
344
|
|
-42
|
173,526
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
32.5
|
1,186
|
|
20.7
|
1,186
|
|
-11.8
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,186
|
|
-36
|
652,345
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
43.0
|
500
|
|
33.4
|
501
|
|
-9.7
|
*
|
2.6
|
500
|
|
-23
|
255,903
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
32.4
|
757
|
|
16.9
|
757
|
|
-15.5
|
*
|
2.2
|
757
|
|
-48
|
412,078
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
37.6
|
968
|
|
30.7
|
969
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
2.0
|
968
|
|
-18
|
514,926
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
25.7
|
529
|
|
15.6
|
529
|
|
-10.1
|
*
|
2.5
|
529
|
|
-39
|
315,486
|
1-2
|
708
|
35.6
|
704
|
|
25.6
|
704
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
704
|
|
-28
|
366,736
|
3 or more
|
525
|
46.0
|
519
|
|
33.9
|
520
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
2.2
|
519
|
|
-26
|
259,067
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
30.8
|
978
|
|
22.1
|
979
|
|
-8.8
|
*
|
2.3
|
978
|
|
-29
|
555,484
|
1-2
|
553
|
38.6
|
549
|
|
26.2
|
549
|
|
-12.4
|
*
|
2.1
|
549
|
|
-32
|
275,071
|
3 or more
|
244
|
45.5
|
242
|
|
30.8
|
242
|
|
-14.7
|
*
|
2.7
|
242
|
|
-32
|
120,941
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
28.2
|
836
|
|
16.1
|
836
|
|
-12.1
|
*
|
1.7
|
836
|
|
-43
|
485,147
|
1 or more
|
943
|
41.9
|
934
|
|
32.9
|
935
|
|
-9.0
|
*
|
2.0
|
934
|
|
-21
|
468,147
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-34. Percentage who engaged in prostitution/procurement during the five years before and after treatment
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage engaging in prostitution/procurement
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
12.8
|
1,790
|
|
9.5
|
1,790
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
0.9
|
1790
|
|
-25
|
963,696
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
10.7
|
1,244
|
|
7.9
|
1,244
|
|
-2.8
|
*
|
1.0
|
1,244
|
|
-26
|
688,017
|
Female
|
548
|
17.9
|
546
|
|
13.7
|
546
|
|
-4.2
|
*
|
1.7
|
546
|
|
-23
|
275,679
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
9.7
|
1,095
|
|
6.5
|
1,095
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
1.0
|
1,095
|
|
-33
|
579,304
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
20.4
|
497
|
|
18.4
|
497
|
|
-2.0
|
|
2.2
|
497
|
|
n.s.
|
272,993
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
7.4
|
137
|
|
4.4
|
137
|
|
-3.0
|
*
|
1.1
|
137
|
|
-41
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
6.2
|
156
|
|
3.0
|
156
|
|
-3.2
|
|
2.5
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
13.3
|
591
|
|
12.8
|
591
|
|
-0.5
|
|
1.4
|
591
|
|
n.s.
|
334,342
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
16.1
|
611
|
|
10.5
|
611
|
|
-5.6
|
*
|
1.9
|
611
|
|
-35
|
320,822
|
40 +
|
309
|
7.2
|
306
|
|
3.8
|
306
|
|
-3.4
|
*
|
1.3
|
306
|
|
-47
|
160,460
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
12.7
|
304
|
|
9.8
|
304
|
|
-2.9
|
|
2.3
|
304
|
|
n.s.
|
171,919
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
13.0
|
485
|
|
12.2
|
485
|
|
-0.7
|
|
1.8
|
485
|
|
n.s.
|
267,835
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
12.5
|
513
|
|
8.3
|
513
|
|
-4.2
|
*
|
2.0
|
513
|
|
-34
|
271,002
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
13.0
|
485
|
|
7.9
|
485
|
|
-5.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
485
|
|
-39
|
250,299
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
14.8
|
695
|
|
12.1
|
695
|
|
-2.7
|
|
1.7
|
695
|
|
n.s.
|
355,704
|
Residential
|
326
|
18.7
|
324
|
|
13.3
|
324
|
|
-5.4
|
|
3.1
|
324
|
|
n.s.
|
173,087
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
22.4
|
215
|
|
18.3
|
215
|
|
-4.1
|
|
2.4
|
215
|
|
n.s.
|
47,530
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
7.1
|
556
|
|
4.4
|
556
|
|
-2.7
|
*
|
1.0
|
556
|
|
-38
|
387,375
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
12.0
|
1,112
|
|
7.9
|
1,112
|
|
-4.1
|
*
|
1.1
|
1,112
|
|
-34
|
618,179
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
13.2
|
442
|
|
7.9
|
442
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
442
|
|
-40
|
248,061
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
30.5
|
431
|
|
23.5
|
431
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
2.7
|
431
|
|
-23
|
210,423
|
Crack
|
382
|
21.1
|
379
|
|
15.3
|
379
|
|
-5.8
|
*
|
2.7
|
379
|
|
-27
|
222,743
|
Heroin
|
315
|
25.0
|
313
|
|
20.5
|
313
|
|
-4.4
|
*
|
1.6
|
313
|
|
-18
|
109,338
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
13.2
|
521
|
|
8.9
|
521
|
|
-4.3
|
*
|
1.4
|
521
|
|
-33
|
310,597
|
Health problems
|
437
|
16.1
|
433
|
|
10.9
|
433
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
1.7
|
434
|
|
-32
|
222,594
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
14.1
|
833
|
|
10.6
|
833
|
|
-3.5
|
*
|
1.2
|
833
|
|
-25
|
441,313
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
10.9
|
132
|
|
8.8
|
131
|
|
-2.2
|
|
2.6
|
132
|
|
n.s.
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
18.6
|
500
|
|
13.7
|
500
|
|
-4.9
|
|
2.0
|
500
|
|
n.s.
|
255,564
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
15.0
|
295
|
|
16.6
|
295
|
|
-1.6
|
|
1.5
|
295
|
|
n.s.
|
178,126
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
15.7
|
471
|
|
10.4
|
471
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
2.6
|
471
|
|
-34
|
237,853
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
10.7
|
659
|
|
7.0
|
659
|
|
-3.7
|
*
|
1.5
|
659
|
|
-35
|
357,517
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
11.3
|
344
|
|
6.6
|
344
|
|
-4.7
|
*
|
1.5
|
344
|
|
-42
|
173,380
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
11.9
|
1,188
|
|
8.1
|
1,188
|
|
-3.7
|
*
|
1.1
|
1,188
|
|
-31
|
653,254
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
16.0
|
501
|
|
12.8
|
501
|
|
-3.3
|
*
|
1.6
|
501
|
|
-21
|
256,118
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
13.9
|
757
|
|
8.9
|
757
|
|
-5.0
|
*
|
1.8
|
757
|
|
-36
|
411,782
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
12.4
|
971
|
|
10.2
|
971
|
|
-2.2
|
*
|
0.9
|
951
|
|
-18
|
516,346
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
6.1
|
530
|
|
2.4
|
530
|
|
-3.7
|
*
|
1.5
|
530
|
|
-61
|
315,888
|
1-2
|
708
|
11.2
|
705
|
|
10.4
|
704
|
|
-0.8
|
|
1.2
|
704
|
|
n.s.
|
366,736
|
3 or more
|
525
|
23.6
|
522
|
|
17.5
|
522
|
|
-6.1
|
*
|
2.1
|
519
|
|
-26
|
259,067
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
8.1
|
980
|
|
6.9
|
980
|
|
-1.2
|
|
1.1
|
980
|
|
n.s.
|
555,395
|
1-2
|
553
|
16.2
|
551
|
|
10.7
|
551
|
|
-5.4
|
*
|
1.5
|
551
|
|
-33
|
276,246
|
3 or more
|
244
|
26.8
|
243
|
|
19.2
|
243
|
|
-7.6
|
*
|
3.2
|
243
|
|
-28
|
121,767
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
9.0
|
838
|
|
4.9
|
838
|
|
-4.0
|
*
|
1.3
|
838
|
|
-44
|
486,457
|
1 or more
|
943
|
16.9
|
936
|
|
14.4
|
936
|
|
-2.5
|
*
|
1.4
|
936
|
|
-15
|
468,407
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-35. Percentage who engaged in theft/larceny during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage engaging in theft/larceny
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
27.3
|
1,791
|
|
17.3
|
1,788
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
1.5
|
1787
|
|
-36
|
960,815
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
27.5
|
1,243
|
|
18.0
|
1,242
|
|
-9.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
1,241
|
|
-35
|
686,024
|
Female
|
548
|
26.9
|
548
|
|
15.7
|
546
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
546
|
|
-41
|
275,702
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
27.8
|
1,097
|
|
16.6
|
1,095
|
|
-11.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
1,095
|
|
-40
|
579,045
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
26.4
|
495
|
|
18.9
|
495
|
|
-7.4
|
*
|
2.2
|
494
|
|
-28
|
271,282
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
20.5
|
137
|
|
11.0
|
137
|
|
-9.5
|
|
5.0
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
39.0
|
156
|
|
27.1
|
156
|
|
-12.0
|
|
7.0
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
34.6
|
593
|
|
22.2
|
590
|
|
-12.2
|
*
|
3.1
|
590
|
|
-35
|
334,383
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
25.4
|
611
|
|
17.2
|
610
|
|
-8.1
|
*
|
1.5
|
610
|
|
-32
|
319,934
|
40 +
|
309
|
12.7
|
305
|
|
3.9
|
306
|
|
-8.8
|
*
|
2.4
|
305
|
|
-69
|
159,337
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
26.7
|
305
|
|
22.0
|
304
|
|
-4.4
|
|
3.8
|
303
|
|
n.s.
|
172,205
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
33.3
|
485
|
|
19.5
|
484
|
|
-13.6
|
*
|
3.1
|
484
|
|
-41
|
267,324
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
20.6
|
513
|
|
13.4
|
512
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
2.0
|
512
|
|
-35
|
269,258
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
28.3
|
485
|
|
15.6
|
485
|
|
-12.7
|
*
|
2.4
|
485
|
|
-45
|
250,299
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
29.3
|
696
|
|
19.7
|
694
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
694
|
|
-32
|
355,193
|
Residential
|
326
|
34.7
|
326
|
|
22.4
|
326
|
|
-12.3
|
*
|
3.1
|
326
|
|
-35
|
173,811
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
38.3
|
215
|
|
28.1
|
214
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
3.8
|
213
|
|
-26
|
47,343
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
20.8
|
554
|
|
11.5
|
554
|
|
-9.3
|
*
|
2.8
|
554
|
|
-45
|
385,379
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
25.5
|
1,114
|
|
14.4
|
1,112
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,112
|
|
-43
|
617,306
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
35.6
|
443
|
|
23.4
|
441
|
|
-11.9
|
*
|
3.3
|
441
|
|
-33
|
247,550
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
39.0
|
432
|
|
29.0
|
430
|
|
-9.7
|
*
|
1.9
|
430
|
|
-25
|
210,515
|
Crack
|
382
|
34.1
|
381
|
|
21.0
|
379
|
|
-12.9
|
*
|
2.7
|
379
|
|
-38
|
222,255
|
Heroin
|
315
|
49.7
|
312
|
|
35.3
|
312
|
|
-14.3
|
*
|
3.6
|
311
|
|
-29
|
109,019
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
28.5
|
520
|
|
18.5
|
522
|
|
-10.0
|
*
|
2.9
|
522
|
|
-35
|
310,717
|
Health problems
|
437
|
32.0
|
436
|
|
18.5
|
434
|
|
-13.2
|
*
|
2.4
|
434
|
|
-41
|
222,806
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
31.2
|
834
|
|
19.9
|
832
|
|
-11.2
|
*
|
2.0
|
832
|
|
-36
|
440,251
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
20.3
|
132
|
|
18.6
|
131
|
|
-1.5
|
|
3.1
|
131
|
|
n.s.
|
65,799
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
36.7
|
500
|
|
22.6
|
499
|
|
-14.1
|
*
|
2.8
|
499
|
|
-38
|
255,053
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
27.4
|
295
|
|
23.5
|
294
|
|
-3.4
|
|
2.2
|
293
|
|
n.s.
|
177,149
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
33.1
|
471
|
|
16.6
|
470
|
|
-16.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
470
|
|
-50
|
237,693
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
25.5
|
660
|
|
18.3
|
660
|
|
-7.1
|
*
|
2.3
|
660
|
|
-28
|
357,637
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
24.8
|
344
|
|
10.4
|
343
|
|
-14.4
|
*
|
3.4
|
343
|
|
-58
|
172,426
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
25.6
|
1,188
|
|
15.1
|
1,187
|
|
-10.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
1,187
|
|
-40
|
652,261
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
34.4
|
503
|
|
24.7
|
503
|
|
-9.4
|
*
|
2.2
|
502
|
|
-27
|
256,263
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
25.1
|
7,547
|
|
13.9
|
757
|
|
-11.0
|
*
|
1.8
|
756
|
|
-44
|
411,142
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
29.7
|
973
|
|
20.7
|
971
|
|
-8.9
|
*
|
2.2
|
971
|
|
-30
|
515,978
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
20.8
|
529
|
|
10.0
|
529
|
|
-10.8
|
*
|
2.2
|
529
|
|
-52
|
314,802
|
1-2
|
708
|
23.2
|
705
|
|
16.0
|
704
|
|
-7.0
|
*
|
1.9
|
703
|
|
-30
|
366,023
|
3 or more
|
525
|
41.8
|
523
|
|
28.6
|
521
|
|
-13.0
|
*
|
2.9
|
521
|
|
-31
|
259,801
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
23.1
|
980
|
|
14.1
|
979
|
|
-8.9
|
*
|
0.8
|
979
|
|
-39
|
553,582
|
1-2
|
553
|
27.7
|
551
|
|
19.4
|
550
|
|
-8.1
|
*
|
0.9
|
552
|
|
-29
|
275,645
|
3 or more
|
244
|
46.3
|
243
|
|
28.1
|
242
|
|
-18.2
|
*
|
3.5
|
242
|
|
-39
|
121,607
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
22.9
|
837
|
|
10.5
|
837
|
|
-12.4
|
*
|
1.9
|
837
|
|
-54
|
485,523
|
1 or more
|
943
|
31.8
|
938
|
|
24.4
|
935
|
|
-7.3
|
*
|
2.3
|
934
|
|
-23
|
485,372
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-36. Percentage who engaged in breaking and entering during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage engaging in breaking and entering
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
13.6
|
1,792
|
|
8.4
|
1,793
|
|
-5.2
|
*
|
1.2
|
1792
|
|
-38
|
964,140
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
16.7
|
1,244
|
|
10.1
|
1,245
|
|
-6.6
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,244
|
|
-40
|
687,538
|
Female
|
548
|
5.7
|
548
|
|
4.1
|
545
|
|
-1.6
|
|
1.3
|
548
|
|
n.s.
|
276,602
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
14.9
|
1,096
|
|
8.4
|
1,097
|
|
-6.5
|
*
|
1.4
|
1,096
|
|
-44
|
579,050
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
10.6
|
497
|
|
9.6
|
497
|
|
-1.0
|
|
2.0
|
497
|
|
n.s.
|
272,951
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
12.1
|
137
|
|
5.5
|
137
|
|
-6.6
|
|
5.1
|
137
|
|
n.s.
|
79,530
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
26.7
|
156
|
|
23.6
|
156
|
|
-3.1
|
|
6.4
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
18.6
|
592
|
|
11.4
|
593
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
2.1
|
592
|
|
-39
|
335,128
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
11.4
|
610
|
|
6.9
|
610
|
|
-4.5
|
*
|
1.8
|
610
|
|
-39
|
319,957
|
40 +
|
309
|
3.8
|
308
|
|
0.9
|
305
|
|
-2.9
|
*
|
1.3
|
308
|
|
-76
|
160,982
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
17.6
|
306
|
|
13.5
|
306
|
|
-4.0
|
|
2.3
|
306
|
|
n.s.
|
173,263
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
15.0
|
484
|
|
8.4
|
484
|
|
-6.5
|
*
|
2.8
|
484
|
|
-43
|
267,189
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
10.7
|
514
|
|
6.3
|
515
|
|
-4.4
|
*
|
1.3
|
514
|
|
-41
|
270,747
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
12.5
|
485
|
|
7.2
|
485
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
2.0
|
485
|
|
-42
|
250,299
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
14.4
|
696
|
|
8.8
|
696
|
|
-5.6
|
*
|
1.7
|
696
|
|
-39
|
356,444
|
Residential
|
326
|
18.7
|
324
|
|
11.3
|
325
|
|
-7.4
|
*
|
3.0
|
324
|
|
-40
|
172,607
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
19.1
|
216
|
|
10.8
|
216
|
|
-8.2
|
*
|
3.9
|
216
|
|
-43
|
47,712
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
9.9
|
556
|
|
6.5
|
556
|
|
-3.4
|
|
1.9
|
556
|
|
n.s.
|
387,375
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
13.8
|
1,114
|
|
7.1
|
1,115
|
|
-6.8
|
*
|
1.4
|
1,114
|
|
-49
|
618,841
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
23.9
|
442
|
|
14.1
|
443
|
|
-9.7
|
*
|
2.8
|
442
|
|
-41
|
248,243
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
17.3
|
432
|
|
15.1
|
432
|
|
-2.2
|
|
1.9
|
432
|
|
n.s.
|
210,720
|
Crack
|
382
|
17.6
|
379
|
|
10.7
|
379
|
|
-6.9
|
*
|
3.1
|
379
|
|
-39
|
222,926
|
Heroin
|
315
|
18.7
|
313
|
|
13.5
|
313
|
|
-5.2
|
|
2.4
|
313
|
|
n.s.
|
109,338
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
19.1
|
522
|
|
12.0
|
522
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
2.1
|
522
|
|
-38
|
310,717
|
Health problems
|
437
|
16.1
|
436
|
|
8.4
|
436
|
|
-7.7
|
*
|
1.2
|
436
|
|
-48
|
224,059
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
14.8
|
835
|
|
9.7
|
835
|
|
-5.1
|
|
2.0
|
835
|
|
n.s.
|
442,236
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
10.6
|
132
|
|
9.6
|
132
|
|
-1.0
|
|
2.5
|
132
|
|
n.s.
|
65,959
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
16.8
|
499
|
|
10.6
|
500
|
|
-6.1
|
*
|
2.1
|
499
|
|
-36
|
255,006
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
14.6
|
297
|
|
12.4
|
297
|
|
-2.2
|
|
2.7
|
297
|
|
n.s.
|
179,470
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
14.9
|
470
|
|
6.6
|
471
|
|
-8.3
|
*
|
1.8
|
470
|
|
-56
|
237,295
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
14.6
|
659
|
|
8.7
|
659
|
|
-5.8
|
*
|
2.0
|
659
|
|
-40
|
356,991
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
9.3
|
345
|
|
6.8
|
345
|
|
-2.6
|
|
2.4
|
345
|
|
n.s.
|
173,563
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
12.1
|
1,186
|
|
6.7
|
1,187
|
|
-5.4
|
*
|
1.6
|
1,186
|
|
-45
|
652,253
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
18.8
|
504
|
|
14.0
|
504
|
|
-4.8
|
*
|
1.8
|
504
|
|
-26
|
257,161
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
11.3
|
756
|
|
6.6
|
757
|
|
-4.7
|
*
|
1.8
|
756
|
|
-42
|
411,520
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
15.6
|
973
|
|
10.2
|
973
|
|
-5.3
|
*
|
2.2
|
971
|
|
-34
|
516,649
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
9.2
|
529
|
|
3.5
|
529
|
|
-5.7
|
*
|
1.5
|
529
|
|
-62
|
315,486
|
1-2
|
708
|
10.9
|
705
|
|
7.6
|
706
|
|
-3.2
|
*
|
1.7
|
705
|
|
-29
|
366,680
|
3 or more
|
525
|
22.7
|
523
|
|
15.6
|
523
|
|
-7.1
|
*
|
2.3
|
523
|
|
-31
|
260,473
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
11.2
|
979
|
|
7.8
|
980
|
|
-3.4
|
*
|
1.3
|
979
|
|
-30
|
554,713
|
1-2
|
553
|
13.7
|
552
|
|
7.5
|
552
|
|
-6.2
|
*
|
1.7
|
552
|
|
-45
|
276,366
|
3 or more
|
244
|
23.7
|
243
|
|
13.4
|
243
|
|
-10.4
|
*
|
3.1
|
243
|
|
-44
|
121,767
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
10.5
|
837
|
|
3.2
|
837
|
|
-7.3
|
*
|
1.5
|
837
|
|
-70
|
486,056
|
1 or more
|
943
|
16.6
|
938
|
|
13.9
|
939
|
|
-2.7
|
|
1.6
|
935
|
|
n.s.
|
468,851
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-37. Percentage who violated parole during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage violating parole
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
16.6
|
1,788
|
|
20.9
|
1,784
|
|
4.3
|
*
|
1.4
|
1784
|
|
26
|
960,136
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
19.2
|
1,242
|
|
24.6
|
1,239
|
|
5.4
|
*
|
1.7
|
1,239
|
|
28
|
685,082
|
Female
|
548
|
10.2
|
546
|
|
11.8
|
545
|
|
1.6
|
|
1.4
|
545
|
|
n.s.
|
275,054
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
18.1
|
1,094
|
|
20.8
|
1,093
|
|
2.8
|
|
1.7
|
1,093
|
|
n.s.
|
576,301
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
12.9
|
496
|
|
20.6
|
494
|
|
7.7
|
*
|
2.2
|
494
|
|
60
|
272,552
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
17.5
|
136
|
|
17.0
|
135
|
|
-0.7
|
|
3.1
|
135
|
|
n.s.
|
78,674
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
16.7
|
156
|
|
23.5
|
156
|
|
6.8
|
|
4.7
|
156
|
|
n.s.
|
77,605
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
21.3
|
591
|
|
27.1
|
590
|
|
5.8
|
*
|
2.5
|
590
|
|
27
|
334,853
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
16.2
|
608
|
|
21.6
|
607
|
|
5.4
|
*
|
2.4
|
607
|
|
33
|
317,355
|
40 +
|
309
|
7.4
|
307
|
|
7.7
|
306
|
|
0.3
|
|
2.0
|
306
|
|
n.s.
|
160,116
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
21.2
|
306
|
|
26.1
|
305
|
|
4.8
|
|
2.8
|
305
|
|
n.s.
|
172,798
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
19.5
|
483
|
|
22.5
|
482
|
|
2.9
|
|
2.8
|
482
|
|
n.s.
|
265,404
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
13.5
|
513
|
|
20.8
|
511
|
|
7.3
|
*
|
2.3
|
511
|
|
54
|
270,029
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
13.6
|
483
|
|
16.0
|
483
|
|
2.4
|
|
1.9
|
483
|
|
n.s.
|
249,264
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
18.4
|
694
|
|
20.1
|
692
|
|
1.6
|
|
1.8
|
692
|
|
n.s.
|
354,722
|
Residential
|
326
|
21.1
|
325
|
|
33.5
|
325
|
|
12.3
|
*
|
2.5
|
325
|
|
58
|
172,692
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
22.6
|
214
|
|
21.4
|
213
|
|
-0.8
|
|
4.2
|
213
|
|
n.s.
|
47,132
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
12.2
|
555
|
|
15.9
|
554
|
|
3.7
|
|
2.0
|
554
|
|
n.s.
|
385,589
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
16.4
|
1,111
|
|
18.9
|
1,109
|
|
2.5
|
|
1.5
|
1,109
|
|
n.s.
|
615,722
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
22.3
|
442
|
|
28.5
|
442
|
|
6.2
|
*
|
3.0
|
442
|
|
28
|
248,458
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
19.4
|
429
|
|
26.9
|
428
|
|
7.5
|
*
|
3.0
|
428
|
|
39
|
209,605
|
Crack
|
382
|
21.1
|
378
|
|
26.9
|
376
|
|
5.7
|
|
2.6
|
376
|
|
n.s.
|
221,750
|
Heroin
|
315
|
25.9
|
311
|
|
29.2
|
311
|
|
3.3
|
|
4.4
|
311
|
|
n.s.
|
109,017
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
25.6
|
521
|
|
31.3
|
520
|
|
5.6
|
|
2.9
|
520
|
|
n.s.
|
308,931
|
Health problems
|
437
|
15.7
|
436
|
|
19.1
|
435
|
|
3.4
|
|
1.7
|
435
|
|
n.s.
|
223,148
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
16.4
|
832
|
|
21.9
|
832
|
|
5.6
|
*
|
1.9
|
832
|
|
34
|
440,858
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
17.2
|
131
|
|
21.0
|
131
|
|
3.8
|
|
4.5
|
131
|
|
n.s.
|
65,799
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
21.8
|
497
|
|
25.6
|
497
|
|
3.8
|
|
2.3
|
497
|
|
n.s.
|
254,125
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
15.6
|
297
|
|
24.9
|
294
|
|
9.1
|
*
|
2.5
|
294
|
|
58
|
177,581
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
21.3
|
468
|
|
23.6
|
468
|
|
2.2
|
|
2.8
|
468
|
|
n.s.
|
236,948
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
16.2
|
658
|
|
20.9
|
657
|
|
4.7
|
*
|
2.0
|
657
|
|
29
|
356,343
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
12.4
|
345
|
|
12.0
|
345
|
|
-0.4
|
|
2.5
|
345
|
|
n.s.
|
173,563
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
14.6
|
1,183
|
|
16.8
|
1,180
|
|
2.2
|
|
1.4
|
1,180
|
|
n.s.
|
649,163
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
22.8
|
504
|
|
30.7
|
503
|
|
7.9
|
*
|
2.9
|
503
|
|
35
|
256,648
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
14.8
|
755
|
|
18.2
|
754
|
|
3.4
|
|
1.7
|
754
|
|
n.s.
|
410,637
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
18.4
|
971
|
|
23.5
|
968
|
|
5.1
|
*
|
1.9
|
968
|
|
28
|
513,930
|
Number of Other Treatment Episodes in Lifetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
531
|
9.7
|
527
|
|
11.2
|
525
|
|
1.5
|
|
2.1
|
525
|
|
n.s.
|
313,812
|
1-2
|
708
|
15.6
|
705
|
|
21.3
|
704
|
|
5.7
|
*
|
2.0
|
704
|
|
37
|
355,092
|
3 or more
|
525
|
26.8
|
522
|
|
32.6
|
521
|
|
5.7
|
*
|
2.4
|
521
|
|
21
|
259,133
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
11.4
|
977
|
|
16.7
|
974
|
|
5.3
|
*
|
1.7
|
974
|
|
46
|
552,499
|
1-2
|
553
|
21.2
|
551
|
|
26.2
|
550
|
|
4.9
|
*
|
2.5
|
550
|
|
23
|
274,978
|
3 or more
|
244
|
30.9
|
243
|
|
28.9
|
243
|
|
2.0
|
|
2.0
|
243
|
|
n.s.
|
121,767
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
13.1
|
835
|
|
13.9
|
833
|
|
0.8
|
|
1.6
|
833
|
|
n.s.
|
484,382
|
1 or more
|
943
|
20.1
|
937
|
|
28.0
|
935
|
|
8.0
|
*
|
2.2
|
935
|
|
40
|
466,923
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or the p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-38. Percentage with Selected Lifestyle characteristics during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
Percentage
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had custody of children
|
37.5
|
1,774
|
|
41.0
|
1,767
|
|
3.5
|
*
|
1.7
|
1,766
|
|
9
|
947,257
|
Lost custody of children
|
7.7
|
1,799
|
|
5.4
|
1,799
|
|
-2.3
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,799
|
|
-30
|
967,012
|
Homeless at least two nights
|
21.8
|
1,795
|
|
14.4
|
1,794
|
|
-7.4
|
*
|
1.3
|
1,792
|
|
-34
|
963,821
|
Spent time in shelter
|
3.9
|
1,794
|
|
2.6
|
1,797
|
|
-1.3
|
|
0.7
|
1,793
|
|
n.s.
|
964,279
|
Spent time on street
|
10.3
|
1,799
|
|
6.2
|
1,799
|
|
-4.1
|
*
|
0.9
|
1,799
|
|
-40
|
967,012
|
Spent time both in shelter and
on street
|
7.4
|
1,799
|
|
5.5
|
1,799
|
|
-1.9
|
*
|
0.7
|
1,799
|
|
-26
|
967,012
|
Been attacked with weapon or seriously hit or beaten
|
31.8
|
1,795
|
|
24.9
|
1,790
|
|
-6.7
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,787
|
|
-21
|
960,378
|
Beaten seriously enough to see a doctor or to stay in bed
|
20.5
|
1,798
|
|
16.9
|
1,796
|
|
-3.6
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,795
|
|
-18
|
964,013
|
Injected drugs
|
23.1
|
1,799
|
|
14.3
|
1,799
|
|
-8.8
|
*
|
1.5
|
1,799
|
|
-38
|
967,012
|
Sad or depressed
|
53.9
|
1,796
|
|
53.1
|
1,796
|
|
-0.7
|
|
1.2
|
1,795
|
|
n.s.
|
965,346
|
Attempted suicide
|
15.2
|
1,798
|
|
8.6
|
1,796
|
|
-6.6
|
*
|
1.1
|
1,796
|
|
-43
|
965,811
|
Had hallucinations or delusions
|
18.8
|
1,791
|
|
16.4
|
1,797
|
|
-2.5
|
*
|
1.1
|
1,791
|
|
-13
|
964,067
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
|
Table B-39. Percentage who were employed full-time during the five years before and after treatment
|
|
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
n
|
Percentage employed full-time
|
|
|
|
Before
|
(n)
|
|
After
|
(n)
|
|
Differencea
|
Standard Error
|
(n)
|
Percentage Differencea
|
N
|
TOTAL SAMPLE
|
3,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Interviewed
|
1,799
|
75.3
|
1,685
|
|
74.4
|
1,685
|
|
-0.8
|
|
2.6
|
1685
|
|
n.s.
|
911,992
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male
|
1,251
|
81.0
|
1,174
|
|
78.1
|
1,174
|
|
-2.8
|
|
2.1
|
1,174
|
|
n.s.
|
651,931
|
Female
|
548
|
61.3
|
511
|
|
65.3
|
511
|
|
4.0
|
|
4.2
|
511
|
|
n.s.
|
260,060
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
1,101
|
76.0
|
1,032
|
|
80.9
|
1,032
|
|
4.8
|
*
|
2.4
|
1,032
|
|
6
|
547,534
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
499
|
73.3
|
454
|
|
61.0
|
454
|
|
-12.5
|
*
|
3.1
|
454
|
|
-17
|
251,759
|
Hispanic
|
137
|
81.6
|
134
|
|
71.7
|
134
|
|
-9.9
|
*
|
5.0
|
134
|
|
-12
|
78,835
|
Age at Time of Discharge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
156
|
25.4
|
133
|
|
89.5
|
133
|
|
64.1
|
*
|
5.1
|
133
|
|
252
|
65,986
|
18 - 29
|
674
|
74.2
|
570
|
|
78.1
|
570
|
|
3.9
|
|
3.0
|
570
|
|
n.s.
|
324,381
|
30 - 39
|
660
|
83.8
|
576
|
|
75.4
|
576
|
|
-8.3
|
*
|
2.1
|
576
|
|
-10
|
303,107
|
40 +
|
309
|
79.6
|
280
|
|
60.3
|
280
|
|
-19.3
|
*
|
3.7
|
280
|
|
-24
|
148,545
|
Education
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 to 9 years
|
306
|
72.0
|
290
|
|
64.8
|
290
|
|
-7.2
|
*
|
3.0
|
290
|
|
-10
|
166,025
|
10 to 11 years
|
487
|
71.5
|
446
|
|
70.5
|
446
|
|
-1.0
|
|
4.3
|
446
|
|
n.s.
|
249,453
|
12 years or GED
|
517
|
78.1
|
489
|
|
78.9
|
486
|
|
0.8
|
|
3.8
|
489
|
|
n.s.
|
257,024
|
College/grad school
|
486
|
79.7
|
453
|
|
81.3
|
453
|
|
1.6
|
|
3.7
|
453
|
|
n.s.
|
235,351
|
(page 1 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
700
|
75.3
|
657
|
|
71.4
|
657
|
|
-3.8
|
|
3.1
|
657
|
|
n.s.
|
338,973
|
Residential
|
326
|
80.0
|
310
|
|
76.7
|
310
|
|
-3.3
|
|
2.9
|
310
|
|
n.s.
|
166,943
|
Outpatient methadone
|
217
|
76.6
|
196
|
|
57.8
|
196
|
|
-18.8
|
*
|
4.8
|
196
|
|
-25
|
43,944
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
556
|
73.3
|
518
|
|
78.6
|
518
|
|
5.3
|
|
5.0
|
518
|
|
n.s.
|
360,635
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakeb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
1,117
|
76.6
|
1,044
|
|
76.3
|
1,044
|
|
-0.3
|
|
2.6
|
1,044
|
|
n.s.
|
584,493
|
Marijuana
|
443
|
75.6
|
416
|
|
81.8
|
416
|
|
6.2
|
|
5.0
|
416
|
|
n.s.
|
235,294
|
Cocaine
|
443
|
78.7
|
400
|
|
71.9
|
400
|
|
-6.8
|
|
3.2
|
400
|
|
n.s.
|
208,160
|
Crack
|
382
|
77.8
|
359
|
|
71.9
|
359
|
|
-5.9
|
|
2.5
|
359
|
|
n.s.
|
200,571
|
Heroin
|
315
|
72.9
|
290
|
|
54.5
|
290
|
|
-18.5
|
*
|
5.0
|
290
|
|
-25
|
103,696
|
Self-Reported Reasons for Entering Treatmentb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pressure from criminal justice system
|
522
|
78.4
|
500
|
|
79.1
|
500
|
|
0.7
|
|
3.7
|
500
|
|
n.s.
|
297,004
|
Health problems
|
437
|
75.2
|
397
|
|
66.5
|
397
|
|
-8.7
|
|
3.5
|
397
|
|
n.s.
|
204,161
|
Relationship problems
|
837
|
78.2
|
796
|
|
75.0
|
796
|
|
-3.2
|
|
2.7
|
796
|
|
n.s.
|
423,936
|
Pressure from employer
|
132
|
90.7
|
127
|
|
86.9
|
127
|
|
-3.8
|
|
5.0
|
127
|
|
n.s.
|
63,877
|
Financial problems
|
501
|
80.1
|
473
|
|
73.2
|
473
|
|
-7.0
|
|
3.0
|
473
|
|
n.s.
|
242,756
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
299
|
71.5
|
277
|
|
65.9
|
277
|
|
-5.5
|
|
4.2
|
277
|
|
n.s.
|
168,937
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
473
|
79.5
|
450
|
|
76.3
|
450
|
|
-3.2
|
|
3.6
|
450
|
|
n.s.
|
226,588
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
661
|
73.9
|
614
|
|
76.8
|
614
|
|
2.9
|
|
3.7
|
614
|
|
n.s.
|
334,495
|
6 months or more
|
345
|
75.6
|
320
|
|
74.7
|
320
|
|
0.9
|
|
5.2
|
320
|
|
n.s.
|
163,689
|
(page 2 of 3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
1,190
|
78.1
|
1,120
|
|
76.7
|
1,120
|
|
-1.5
|
|
2.5
|
1,120
|
|
n.s.
|
623,510
|
Treatment not completed
|
507
|
70.2
|
468
|
|
70.9
|
468
|
|
0.7
|
|
4.3
|
468
|
|
n.s.
|
238,028
|
Client Satisfaction with Treatment Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Very helpful
|
759
|
78.4
|
717
|
|
76.5
|
717
|
|
-1.9
|
|
2.6
|
717
|
|
n.s.
|
4,557
|
Somewhat/not helpful
|
977
|
73.5
|
905
|
|
73.6
|
905
|
|
0.1
|
|
3.3
|
905
|
|
n.s.
|
3,668
|
Number of Treatment Episodes Before SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
984
|
74.2
|
929
|
|
76.4
|
929
|
|
2.2
|
|
3.3
|
929
|
|
n.s.
|
525,555
|
1-2
|
553
|
76.9
|
513
|
|
75.3
|
513
|
|
-1.6
|
|
2.9
|
513
|
|
n.s.
|
258,435
|
3 or more
|
244
|
77.7
|
224
|
|
66.2
|
224
|
|
-11.4
|
*
|
4.7
|
224
|
|
-15
|
116,170
|
Number of Treatment Episodes After SROS Episode
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
839
|
76.3
|
790
|
|
78.3
|
790
|
|
2.0
|
|
3.6
|
790
|
|
n.s.
|
461,257
|
1 or more
|
943
|
74.6
|
877
|
|
71.3
|
877
|
|
-3.3
|
|
2.9
|
877
|
|
n.s.
|
440,621
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
* Difference is significant at p<.05. n.s. Difference not significant at p<.05.
a Cases missing a response for either the "before" or "after" question were not used to calculate the difference or p-value of the paired t-test.
b Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 3 of 3)
|
Table B-40. Percentage who received additional treatment after SROS episode and mean number of episodes
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
Characteristics
|
Percent receiving additional treatment
|
Mean number of additional episodes
|
N
|
Total
|
49.2
|
2.18
|
957,779
|
Sex
|
|
|
|
Male
|
48.8
|
2.28
|
683,190
|
Female
|
50.0
|
1.97
|
274,588
|
Race/Ethnicity
|
|
|
|
White (non-Hispanic)
|
49.0
|
2.17
|
574,630
|
Black (non-Hispanic)
|
53.3
|
2.10
|
273,092
|
Hispanic
|
37.8
|
2.59
|
77,446
|
Age
|
|
|
|
Less than 18
|
48.1
|
1.77
|
77,604
|
18 to 29
|
49.4
|
2.27
|
379,861
|
30 to 39
|
53.0
|
2.20
|
342,402
|
40 +
|
40.9
|
2.14
|
157,910
|
Number of Prior Treatment Episodes
|
|
|
|
0
|
43.1
|
1.94
|
555,009
|
1-2
|
52.7
|
1.99
|
274,483
|
3 or more
|
69.6
|
3.20
|
121,500
|
(page 1 of 2)
|
|
|
|
Self-Reported Treatment Type
|
|
|
|
Inpatient
|
57.9
|
2.50
|
354,410
|
Residential
|
53.7
|
2.00
|
170,900
|
Outpatient methadone
|
68.8
|
2.07
|
47,172
|
Outpatient nonmethadone
|
36.7
|
1.87
|
385,297
|
Length of Stay
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 week
|
64.9
|
2.78
|
176,006
|
1 week - less than 1 month
|
50.9
|
2.06
|
235,700
|
1 month - less than 6 months
|
45.4
|
1.95
|
355,690
|
6 months or more
|
40.1
|
1.92
|
173,563
|
Completion of Treatment
|
|
|
|
Treatment completed
|
47.0
|
2.16
|
650,064
|
Treatment not completed
|
55.6
|
2.21
|
256,748
|
Main Drug at Time of Intakea
|
|
|
|
Alcohol
|
47.5
|
2.16
|
614,937
|
Marijuana
|
47.9
|
2.27
|
248,531
|
Cocaine
|
63.4
|
2.27
|
222,384
|
Crack
|
60.9
|
2.51
|
212,232
|
Heroin
|
76.7
|
2.64
|
107,783
|
Note: Percentages are weighted to reflect a population of approximately 967,000 individuals discharged from treatment between September 1, 1989, and August 31, 1990, who were still living five or more years after treatment.
a Respondents could be classified in more than one or none of the categories.
|
(page 2 of 2)
|
Table B-41. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.15
|
|
0.18
|
|
0.19
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,763
|
|
1,408
|
|
1,377
|
|
Weighted Count
|
948,409
|
|
788,698
|
|
771,897
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.84
|
*
|
0.89
|
*
|
0.87
|
*
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
*
|
1.00
|
*
|
1.00
|
*
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
10.91
|
*
|
11.13
|
*
|
10.70
|
*
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
1.02
|
|
0.90
|
|
0.94
|
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
0.90
|
|
0.79
|
|
0.76
|
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
1.07
|
|
0.97
|
|
0.96
|
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
1.19
|
|
1.30
|
|
1.16
|
|
Male vs female
|
1.43
|
*
|
1.42
|
|
1.45
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.46
|
|
1.49
|
|
1.62
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.54
|
*
|
0.57
|
*
|
0.59
|
*
|
Other race vs white
|
0.66
|
|
0.54
|
|
0.57
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
0.88
|
*
|
0.96
|
|
0.97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.79
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.73
|
|
0.88
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.55
|
*
|
0.64
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.33
|
*
|
0.38
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.74
|
*
|
0.73
|
*
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.03
|
*
|
1.90
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.43
|
|
1.48
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.04
|
|
1.03
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.40
|
*
|
0.42
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.80
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.30
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means alcohol use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
alcohol use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-42. Correlates of any drug use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.35
|
|
0.39
|
|
0.42
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,770
|
|
1,414
|
|
1,383
|
|
Weighted Count
|
952,310
|
|
791,647
|
|
774,847
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.96
|
|
0.98
|
|
0.97
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
0.48
|
*
|
0.44
|
*
|
0.41
|
*
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
5.53
|
*
|
5.21
|
*
|
5.64
|
*
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
1.73
|
*
|
1.67
|
*
|
1.48
|
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
1.72
|
*
|
1.63
|
*
|
1.54
|
*
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
5.21
|
*
|
4.26
|
*
|
2.94
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
1.62
|
*
|
1.70
|
*
|
1.72
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
1.15
|
|
1.06
|
|
1.13
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.61
|
|
0.52
|
|
0.49
|
|
Other race vs white
|
1.51
|
|
1.22
|
|
1.23
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.12
|
*
|
1.20
|
|
1.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.61
|
*
|
0.67
|
*
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.59
|
*
|
0.74
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.83
|
|
0.99
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.42
|
*
|
0.50
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
1.17
|
|
1.22
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
3.13
|
*
|
3.00
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.31
|
|
1.27
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.28
|
|
1.36
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.97
|
|
2.48
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.66
|
|
0.82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment Variables
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.58
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
0.99
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means drug use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
drug use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-43. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.43
|
|
0.48
|
|
0.48
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,756
|
|
1,402
|
|
1,371
|
|
Weighted Count
|
943,842
|
|
784,113
|
|
767,313
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.82
|
*
|
0.84
|
*
|
0.84
|
*
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
*
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
*
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
1.04
|
|
0.85
|
|
0.74
|
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
24.29
|
*
|
28.79
|
*
|
30.57
|
*
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
0.93
|
|
0.98
|
|
0.86
|
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
1.48
|
*
|
1.43
|
|
1.39
|
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
1.12
|
|
1.14
|
|
1.08
|
|
Male vs female
|
2.10
|
*
|
2.53
|
*
|
2.56
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
1.09
|
|
1.26
|
|
1.31
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.57
|
|
0.62
|
|
0.57
|
|
Other race vs white
|
2.36
|
|
2.12
|
|
2.12
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.03
|
|
1.14
|
|
1.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.78
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.71
|
|
0.77
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
1.19
|
|
1.23
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.50
|
*
|
0.48
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
1.26
|
|
1.25
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
3.71
|
*
|
3.86
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.49
|
|
1.49
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.98
|
|
1.14
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.84
|
|
0.87
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.12
|
|
1.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means marijuana use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
marijuana use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-44. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.22
|
|
0.25
|
|
0.26
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,767
|
|
1,412
|
|
1,381
|
|
Weighted Count
|
951,032
|
|
790,876
|
|
774,075
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear
|
0.93
|
|
0.98
|
|
0.97
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
1.15
|
|
1.14
|
|
0.98
|
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
1.88
|
*
|
1.86
|
*
|
2.03
|
*
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
0.77
|
|
0.79
|
|
0.77
|
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
8.58
|
*
|
7.54
|
*
|
7.39
|
*
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
2.41
|
*
|
2.03
|
*
|
1.84
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
1.15
|
|
1.28
|
|
1.26
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.26
|
|
1.23
|
|
1.26
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
1.32
|
|
1.17
|
|
1.08
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.90
|
|
0.79
|
|
0.76
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.00
|
|
1.08
|
|
1.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment vs not
|
|
|
0.79
|
|
0.79
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.72
|
|
0.83
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.92
|
|
1.01
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.34
|
*
|
0.37
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.99
|
|
0.99
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
3.00
|
*
|
2.92
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
0.99
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.87
|
|
0.88
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.48
|
|
1.58
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.61
|
|
0.68
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.09
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means cocaine use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
cocaine use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-45. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.27
|
|
0.29
|
|
0.32
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,764
|
|
1,408
|
|
1,378
|
|
Weighted Count
|
948,481
|
|
787,817
|
|
771,621
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
1.03
|
|
1.06
|
|
1.05
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
1.23
|
|
1.23
|
|
1.07
|
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
1.49
|
|
1.35
|
|
1.45
|
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
8.41
|
*
|
7.61
|
*
|
7.46
|
*
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
1.58
|
*
|
1.48
|
|
1.45
|
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
1.02
|
|
1.00
|
|
0.87
|
|
Male vs female
|
1.12
|
|
1.21
|
|
1.20
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.93
|
*
|
1.72
|
*
|
1.79
|
*
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.92
|
|
0.84
|
|
0.83
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.92
|
|
0.64
|
|
0.59
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.06
|
|
1.26
|
|
1.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.86
|
|
0.87
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.66
|
|
0.77
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
1.04
|
|
1.17
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.54
|
|
0.59
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
1.27
|
|
1.25
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.32
|
*
|
2.03
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
0.73
|
|
0.75
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.79
|
|
0.84
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.69
|
|
0.73
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.47
|
*
|
0.54
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.26
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means crack use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
crack use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-46. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.44
|
|
0.47
|
|
0.47
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,767
|
|
1,411
|
|
1,380
|
|
Weighted Count
|
949,937
|
|
789,274
|
|
772,474
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.99
|
|
1.03
|
|
1.01
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Used alcohol before Tx vs not
|
0.68
|
|
0.68
|
|
0.66
|
|
Used marijuana before Tx vs not
|
0.90
|
|
0.76
|
|
0.72
|
|
Used crack before Tx vs not
|
0.92
|
|
0.84
|
|
0.72
|
|
Used cocaine before Tx vs not
|
1.95
|
*
|
1.97
|
|
1.93
|
|
Used heroin before Tx vs not
|
48.91
|
*
|
47.94
|
*
|
44.26
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
1.27
|
|
1.34
|
|
1.43
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.21
|
|
1.31
|
|
1.39
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
2.27
|
*
|
1.62
|
|
1.51
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.69
|
|
0.57
|
|
0.55
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.20
|
|
0.93
|
|
0.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.62
|
|
0.62
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
1.05
|
|
1.16
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
1.16
|
|
1.26
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
1.01
|
|
1.11
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.73
|
*
|
0.75
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.34
|
*
|
2.32
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
*
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.77
|
|
1.88
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.63
|
|
0.64
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.46
|
|
0.49
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.29
|
*
|
0.32
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.07
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.02
|
* |
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means heroin use becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
heroin use becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-47. Correlates of alcohol use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.13
|
|
0.15
|
|
0.15
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,747
|
|
1,397
|
|
1,370
|
|
Weighted Count
|
943,093
|
|
784,637
|
|
769,838
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Coefficients
|
|
Intercept
|
8.13
|
|
9.49
|
|
9.05
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
-0.18
|
|
-0.09
|
|
-0.10
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
|
0.30
|
*
|
0.28
|
*
|
0.28
|
*
|
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
|
0.03
|
|
0.01
|
|
0.02
|
|
Days/month used crack before Tx
|
0.03
|
|
0.03
|
|
0.02
|
|
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
|
-0.02
|
|
-0.04
|
|
-0.04
|
|
Days/month used heroin before Tx
|
0.14
|
*
|
0.18
|
*
|
0.18
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
1.61
|
*
|
0.96
|
|
0.91
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.42
|
*
|
0.95
|
|
0.94
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
-1.51
|
|
-1.78
|
*
|
-1.86
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.28
|
|
-0.09
|
|
-0.14
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
-0.35
|
|
-0.21
|
|
-0.18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
-0.64
|
|
-0.76
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-2.21
|
*
|
-1.82
|
*
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-3.32
|
*
|
-3.15
|
*
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-5.34
|
*
|
-5.11
|
*
|
Counselor understood client
|
|
|
0.08
|
|
0.14
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
3.10
|
*
|
2.89
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
0.92
|
|
0.95
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.99
|
|
0.20
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-2.93
|
|
0.03
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.14
|
|
1.17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
-3.19
|
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-48. Correlates of marijuana use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.25
|
|
0.27
|
|
0.28
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,739
|
|
1,388
|
|
1,360
|
|
Weighted Count
|
936,875
|
|
777,467
|
|
762,160
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Coefficients
|
|
Intercept
|
8.88
|
|
5.88
|
|
5.15
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
-0.43
|
*
|
-0.38
|
*
|
-0.38
|
*
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
0.00
|
*
|
0.00
|
*
|
0.00
|
*
|
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
|
0.03
|
|
0.03
|
|
0.03
|
|
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
|
0.33
|
*
|
0.29
|
*
|
0.29
|
*
|
Days/month used crack before Tx
|
0.01
|
|
0.00
|
|
-0.01
|
|
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
|
0.00
|
|
0.02
|
|
0.02
|
|
Days/month used heroin before Tx
|
0.02
|
|
0.04
|
|
0.03
|
|
Male vs female
|
1.62
|
*
|
1.89
|
*
|
1.81
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
0.19
|
|
0.09
|
|
0.15
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
-0.44
|
|
-0.37
|
|
-0.37
|
|
Other race vs white
|
1.76
|
|
0.26
|
|
0.20
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
0.13
|
|
0.49
|
|
0.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
-0.08
|
|
-0.12
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-1.38
|
|
-1.00
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.86
|
|
-0.63
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-1.81
|
|
-1.51
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.29
|
|
0.30
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
3.11
|
*
|
2.96
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
0.33
|
|
0.34
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.07
|
|
0.41
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-1.09
|
|
0.01
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.95
|
|
1.37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
-1.01
|
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.31
|
|
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-49. Correlates of crack use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.24
|
|
0.26
|
|
0.29
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,751
|
|
1,400
|
|
1,372
|
|
Weighted Count
|
944,764
|
|
785,356
|
|
770,050
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Coefficients
|
|
Intercept
|
3.09
|
|
4.63
|
|
3.62
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
-0.11
|
|
-0.11
|
|
-0.14
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
|
0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
|
0.04
|
*
|
0.02
|
|
0.03
|
|
Days/month used crack before Tx
|
0.36
|
*
|
0.39
|
*
|
0.37
|
*
|
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
|
0.04
|
|
0.04
|
|
0.03
|
|
Days/month used heroin before Tx
|
0.02
|
|
0.01
|
|
-0.02
|
|
Male vs female
|
-0.20
|
|
0.13
|
|
0.06
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.38
|
*
|
0.97
|
|
1.16
|
*
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.02
|
|
0.33
|
|
0.17
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.69
|
|
-0.84
|
|
-0.89
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
0.18
|
*
|
0.64
|
*
|
0.68
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
-0.63
|
|
-0.60
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.67
|
|
-0.18
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.56
|
|
-0.13
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-1.15
|
|
-0.68
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
-0.44
|
|
-0.44
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
1.50
|
*
|
1.09
|
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
-0.44
|
|
-0.37
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
-0.67
|
|
0.79
|
*
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-0.49
|
|
0.00
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-0.74
|
|
-0.58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
-0.17
|
|
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-50. Correlates of cocaine use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.24
|
|
0.25
|
|
0.26
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,750
|
|
1,400
|
|
1,372
|
|
Weighted Count
|
945,948
|
|
787,047
|
|
771,741
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Coefficients
|
|
Intercept
|
1.23
|
|
1.57
|
|
1.36
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
-0.06
|
|
-0.02
|
|
-0.04
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
|
0.00
|
|
-0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
|
0.02
|
|
0.02
|
|
0.01
|
|
Days/month used crack before Tx
|
0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
|
0.30
|
*
|
0.30
|
*
|
0.29
|
*
|
Days/month used heroin before Tx
|
0.14
|
*
|
0.13
|
*
|
0.12
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
0.27
|
|
0.52
|
|
0.52
|
|
Black vs white
|
0.84
|
|
0.83
|
|
0.94
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
1.33
|
|
1.13
|
|
0.80
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.37
|
|
0.36
|
|
0.38
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
0.06
|
|
0.04
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
-0.69
|
|
-0.72
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.61
|
|
-0.43
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.41
|
|
-0.33
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-1.61
|
*
|
-1.49
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
-0.27
|
|
-0.35
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
1.59
|
*
|
1.53
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
-0.22
|
|
-0.15
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
-0.06
|
|
0.27
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
0.02
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.11
|
|
0.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
0.78
|
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
0.54
|
|
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-51. Correlates of heroin use in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of OLS regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.49
|
|
0.48
|
|
0.46
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,749
|
|
1,399
|
|
1,371
|
|
Weighted Count
|
944,001
|
|
784,937
|
|
769,631
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Coefficients
|
|
Intercept
|
-0.58
|
|
-0.43
|
|
-0.43
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.04
|
|
0.14
|
*
|
0.13
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used alcohol before Tx
|
-0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
-0.01
|
|
Days/month used marijuana before Tx
|
0.01
|
|
0.00
|
|
0.00
|
|
Days/month used crack before Tx
|
-0.02
|
|
-0.02
|
|
-0.03
|
|
Days/month used cocaine before Tx
|
0.04
|
|
0.04
|
|
0.04
|
|
Days/month used heroin before Tx
|
0.58
|
*
|
0.56
|
*
|
0.54
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
0.04
|
|
0.07
|
|
0.06
|
|
Black vs white
|
0.46
|
|
0.51
|
|
0.55
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.77
|
|
0.59
|
|
0.41
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.56
|
|
0.76
|
|
0.77
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
0.00
|
|
-0.50
|
*
|
-0.52
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
-1.16
|
*
|
-1.13
|
*
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.31
|
|
-0.35
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
-0.12
|
|
-0.10
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 month
|
|
|
0.06
|
|
0.17
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.47
|
*
|
0.39
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
0.63
|
*
|
0.64
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
0.00
|
*
|
0.00
|
*
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
0.41
|
|
0.47
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
-0.37
|
|
0.16
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-1.20
|
|
0.01
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
-1.12
|
|
-0.42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
-0.99
|
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
-1.00
|
|
* Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-52. Correlates of drug selling in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.31
|
|
0.35
|
|
0.35
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,777
|
|
1,424
|
|
1,392
|
|
Weighted Count
|
957,382
|
|
797,924
|
|
779,973
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.84
|
*
|
0.84
|
*
|
0.83
|
*
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
*
|
1.00
|
*
|
1.00
|
*
|
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
|
10.49
|
*
|
9.49
|
*
|
9.68
|
*
|
Prostitution before Tx vs not
|
0.99
|
|
1.06
|
|
1.01
|
|
Larceny before Tx vs not
|
1.75
|
*
|
1.84
|
*
|
1.79
|
*
|
Break/enter before Tx vs not
|
1.22
|
|
1.15
|
|
1.16
|
|
Male vs female
|
1.42
|
*
|
1.62
|
*
|
1.54
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
1.54
|
*
|
1.65
|
*
|
1.67
|
*
|
Hispanic vs white
|
1.16
|
|
0.90
|
|
0.88
|
|
Other race vs white
|
1.02
|
|
0.74
|
|
0.74
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.04
|
|
1.13
|
|
1.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.92
|
|
0.90
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.59
|
*
|
0.68
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.41
|
*
|
0.45
|
*
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.26
|
*
|
0.28
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
1.06
|
|
1.05
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.80
|
*
|
2.80
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.16
|
|
1.15
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.04
|
|
1.09
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.40
|
|
1.39
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.31
|
|
1.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.11
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means drug selling becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means
drug selling becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-53. Correlates of prostitution/procurement in the five years after treatment (Tx)Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.33
|
|
0.4
|
|
0.41
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,777
|
|
1,424
|
|
1,392
|
|
Weighted Count
|
957,382
|
|
797,924
|
|
779,973
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
1.01
|
|
1.01
|
|
0.99
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
|
1.06
|
|
0.80
|
|
0.79
|
|
Prostitution before Tx vs not
|
24.78
|
*
|
33.45
|
*
|
30.27
|
*
|
Larceny before Tx vs not
|
1.09
|
|
0.97
|
|
0.88
|
|
Break/enter before Tx vs not
|
1.95
|
*
|
2.48
|
*
|
2.75
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
0.61
|
|
0.45
|
*
|
0.41
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
3.10
|
*
|
2.83
|
*
|
3.13
|
*
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.84
|
|
0.92
|
|
0.79
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.07
|
*
|
0.03
|
*
|
0.03
|
*
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.03
|
|
1.32
|
|
1.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment vs not
|
|
|
1.08
|
|
1.03
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.31
|
*
|
0.37
|
*
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.16
|
*
|
0.18
|
*
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.14
|
*
|
0.18
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.88
|
|
0.86
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.59
|
*
|
2.41
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.77
|
|
1.90
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.21
|
|
1.34
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.28
|
|
1.25
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.65
|
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.13
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.01
|
|
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means prostitution/procurement becomes more likely; an odds ratio below
1.00 means prostitution/procurement becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-54. Correlates of larceny/theft in the five years after treatment (Tx)
Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.23
|
|
0.25
|
|
0.29
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,774
|
|
1,423
|
|
1,391
|
|
Weighted Count
|
956,660
|
|
797,412
|
|
779,462
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
1.04
|
|
1.05
|
|
1.00
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
|
1.01
|
|
0.73
|
|
0.68
|
|
Prostitution before Tx vs not
|
1.57
|
*
|
1.39
|
|
1.17
|
|
Larceny before Tx vs not
|
6.96
|
*
|
7.03
|
*
|
6.89
|
*
|
Break/enter before Tx vs not
|
2.08
|
*
|
2.03
|
*
|
2.14
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
1.14
|
|
1.28
|
|
1.25
|
|
Black vs white
|
1.42
|
|
1.22
|
|
1.40
|
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.74
|
|
0.54
|
|
0.47
|
|
Other race vs white
|
1.77
|
|
1.48
|
|
1.57
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.14
|
|
1.11
|
|
1.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.93
|
|
0.92
|
|
LOS 1 week to 1 month vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.41
|
*
|
0.53
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.64
|
|
0.81
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs <1 week
|
|
|
0.33
|
*
|
0.41
|
*
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
0.98
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.25
|
*
|
2.12
|
*
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
1.17
|
|
1.20
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.06
|
|
1.16
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.19
|
|
1.20
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.39
|
*
|
0.44
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.23
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.02
|
* |
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means larceny/theft becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00 means larceny/theft becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.
Table B-55. Correlates of breaking and entering in the five years after
treatment (Tx) Results of logistic regression models
[SROS sampled 3,047 clients discharged from drug treatment in 1989-1990]
|
|
|
MODEL 1
|
|
MODEL 2
|
|
MODEL 3
|
|
Multiple R-Squared
|
0.27
|
|
0.28
|
|
0.36
|
|
Observations Used in Analysis
|
1,777
|
|
1,424
|
|
1,392
|
|
Weighted Count
|
957,382
|
|
797,924
|
|
779,973
|
|
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
|
Odds ratios1
|
|
Pre-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age in years (linear)
|
0.86
|
|
0.88
|
|
0.82
|
|
Age in years squared (nonlinear)
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Sell drugs before Tx vs not
|
1.36
|
|
1.35
|
|
1.43
|
|
Prostitution before Tx vs not
|
3.10
|
*
|
2.89
|
*
|
2.66
|
*
|
Larceny before Tx vs not
|
1.68
|
|
1.92
|
*
|
1.45
|
|
Break/enter before Tx vs not
|
7.39
|
*
|
6.17
|
*
|
8.58
|
*
|
Male vs female
|
2.20
|
*
|
2.25
|
*
|
2.20
|
*
|
Black vs white
|
1.88
|
*
|
2.01
|
*
|
2.72
|
*
|
Hispanic vs white
|
0.72
|
|
1.08
|
|
0.88
|
|
Other race vs white
|
0.18
|
|
0.29
|
|
0.28
|
|
Entered Tx due to legal pressure vs not
|
1.27
|
*
|
1.13
|
|
1.07
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completed treatment plan vs not
|
|
|
0.77
|
|
0.75
|
|
LOS 1 week top 1 month vs < 1 week
|
|
|
0.39
|
*
|
0.58
|
|
LOS 1-6 months vs < 1 week
|
|
|
0.61
|
|
0.89
|
|
LOS more than 6 months vs < 1 week
|
|
|
0.77
|
|
1.13
|
|
Counselor understood client vs not
|
|
|
0.99
|
|
0.92
|
|
Used drugs during Tx vs not
|
|
|
2.16
|
|
1.97
|
|
Facility revenue per patient
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
1.00
|
|
Facility revenue above median vs below
|
|
|
0.50
|
|
0.44
|
|
Residential vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
1.08
|
|
Methadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
1.30
|
|
Outpatient nonmethadone vs inpatient
|
|
|
0.76
|
|
1.01
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Post-Treatment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had more treatment after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.27
|
*
|
Attended AA/NA/CA after Tx vs not
|
|
|
|
|
1.02
|
* |
1 An odds ratio above 1.00 means breaking and entering becomes more likely; an odds ratio below 1.00
means breaking and entering becomes less likely. * Significant at p<.05; LOS - Length of Stay.