Public Health Infrastructure

23-1

Public health employee access to the Internet

23-2

Public health access to information and surveillance data

23-3

Use of geocoding in health data systems

23-4

Data for all population groups

23-5

Data for Leading Health Indicators, Health Status Indicators, and Priority Data Needs at Tribal, State, and local levels

23-6

National tracking of Healthy People 2010 objectives

23-7

Timely release of data on objectives

23-8

Competencies for public health workers

23-9

Training in essential public health services

23-10

Continuing education and training by public health agencies

23-11

Performance standards for essential public health services

23-12

Health improvement plans

23-12a

Tribes

23-12b

States and the District of Columbia

23-12c

Local jurisdictions

23-13

Access to public health laboratory services

23-14

Access to epidemiology services

23-15

Model statutes related to essential public health services

23-16

Data on public health expenditures

23-17

Population-based prevention research

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the National Public Health Performance Standards Program, CDC, PHPPO; the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local public health agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the National Public Health Performance Standards Program, CDC, PHPPO; CDC, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) for Federal agencies; the Indian Health Service (HIS) for Tribes; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local public health agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

National Data Source

National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC.

State Data Source

Not applicable.

Healthy People 2000 objective

Not applicable.

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

45 (2000).

Numerator

Number of major national, State, and local health data systems that collect street address or latitude and longitude information to enable geocoding analysis.

Denominator

Number of major national, State, and local health data systems.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Annual.

Comments

A major health data system is one that is being used to track five or more Healthy People 2010 objectives. These data systems are listed in Part C of this volume.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

National Data Source

National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC.

State Data Source

Not applicable.

Healthy People 2000 objective

Not applicable.

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

11 (2000).

Numerator

Number of Healthy People 2010 population-based objectives or lettered subobjectives that have baselines for which national data are available for all population groups identified for the objective.

Denominator

Number of Healthy People 2010 population-based objectives or lettered subobjectives that have baselines.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Annual.

Comments

Both objectives and lettered subobjectives that target the U.S. population are considered for this objective. In addition to the baselines for all persons targeted by the measure, Healthy People 2010 population-based measures are required to show a minimum set of sociodemographic population groups called a template (see General Data Issues, section 4).

There were 432 population-based objectives and/or lettered subobjectives that had baselines (and are, thus, measurable) in the Conference Edition of Healthy People 2010. Forty-eight had complete templates, and 103 had no template displayed. Among those objectives with no template displayed, did not qualify for a template because the measures were raw numbers, not rates or percents. Thus, the denominator for the baseline was 409.

The remaining objectives with templates had some incomplete data cells that were designated “DSU” (data statistically unreliable), “DNA” (data not analyzed), or “DNC” (data not collected).

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC, for States and localities, and the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

National Data Source

National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC.

State Data Source

Not applicable.

Healthy People 2000 objective

Not applicable.

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

82 (2000).

Numerator

Number of Healthy People 2010 objectives or lettered subobjectives that have baselines and are tracked nationally at least every 3 years.

Denominator

Number of Healthy People 2010 objectives and lettered subobjectives that have baselines.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Annual.

Comments

The Healthy People 2010 objectives and lettered subobjectives that are measurable (have baselines) are used to obtain the data for this objective. There were 579 measurable objectives and lettered subobjectives in the Conference Edition of Healthy People 2010, of which 474 are tracked with data systems that collect data at least every 3 years; 383 are tracked annually.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

National Data Source

National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC.

State Data Source

Not applicable.

Healthy People 2000 objective

Adapted from 22.7 (Surveillance and Data Systems).

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

36 (2000).

Numerator

Number of Healthy People 2010 objectives and lettered subobjectives tracked with major health data systems that release data within 1 year after the end of data collection.

Denominator

Number of Healthy People 2010 objectives and lettered subobjectives that are tracked by major health data systems.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Annual.

Comments

Major health data systems are defined as data systems that are used to track five or more Healthy People 2010 objectives (see Part C for a descriptive list of these systems). In the Conference Edition of Healthy People 2010, major data systems provided baselines for 338 objectives and lettered subobjectives. Of these 338, 123 were provided data by major health data systems that release data within 1 year of data collection.

This objective differs from Healthy People 2000 objective 22.7, which tracked all objectives instead of those tracked by major health data systems and did not take into consideration the periodicity of the data source.1

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Health Services and Resources Administration (HRSA) for Federal agencies; the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH); the American Association of Medical Colleges; the Bureau of Health Professions, HRSA; and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) for Federal agencies; the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

A proposed data source is the National Public Health Performance Standards Program, CDC, PHPPO.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

23-12.

Increase the proportion of Tribes, States, and the District of Columbia that have a health improvement plan and increase the proportion of local jurisdictions that have a health improvement plan linked with their State plan.

23-12a.  (Developmental) Tribes.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

A proposed data source is the Indian Health Service (IHS).

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

23-12b.  States and the District of Columbia.

National Data Source

Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO).

State Data Source

Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO).

Healthy People 2000 objective

Not applicable.

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

78 (1997).

Numerator

Number of States, including the District of Columbia, with a health improvement plan.

Denominator

50 States and the District of Columbia.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Periodic.

Comments

The baseline refers to the number of States including the District of Columbia that developed objectives for the year 2000. This definition is a proxy for health improvement plans, and will change with subsequent updates.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

23-12c.  Local jurisdictions.

National Data Source

National Profile of Local Health Departments (NPLHD), NACCHO.

State Data Source

National Profile of Local Health Departments (NPLHD), NACCHO.

Local Area Data Source

National Profile of Local Health Departments (NPLHD), NACCHO.

Healthy People 2000 objective

Not applicable.

Measure

Percent.

Baseline

32 (1992–93).

Numerator

Number of local jurisdictions with a health improvement plan linked with their State plan.

Denominator

Number of local jurisdictions.

Questions Used To Obtain the National Data

Not applicable.

Expected Periodicity

Periodic.

Comments

The baseline reflects the proportion of local health departments that developed objectives for the year 2000. This definition is a proxy for health improvement plans and will change with subsequent updates.

See Part C for a description of NPLHD and Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are CDC and the Association of Public Health Laboratories; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local health agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) for State and local jurisdictions and the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes; the National Conference of State Legislators (NCSL) and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local jurisdictions.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Operating Divisions of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) for Federal agencies; the Indian Health Service (IHS) for Tribes; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local public health agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.

Comments

An operational definition could not be specified at the time of publication.

Proposed data sources are the Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH); the CDC Sentinel Network; the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) for States; and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) for local public health agencies.

See Appendix A for focus area contact information.