SAMHSA's
Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) presents the characteristics of clients
in treatment based on a representative sample of client treatment episodes.
One of the few available national representative sample of clients in
treatment, ADSS provides national information on the following:
characteristics of alcohol or drug treatment clients, services received,
sources of referrals, reasons for discharge, and expected primary payment
source. Clients in methadone treatment were also included.
See Alcohol
and Drug Services Study (ADSS) Phase II: Client Record Abstract Report (PDF
format, 356 KB)
- Of
the admissions for whom living arrangement were recorded in SAMHSA's Treatment
Episode Data Set (TEDS) in 2002, 13% (171,400) were homeless at the time of admission.
Females comprised 20% of the homeless admissions. Compared with all female admissions,
the service setting for women who were homeless at time of substance abuse treatment
admission was more likely to be detoxification (42% vs. 19%) or residential/rehabilitation
(26% vs. 18%) and less likely to be ambulatory settings (32% vs. 63%). Homeless
female admissions were more likely than all female admissions to report cocaine/crack
(24% vs. 17%) or heroin (21% vs. 16%) as their primary substance of abuse. See
The
DASIS Report: Characteristics
of Homeless Female Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment, 2002
- According
to SAMHSA's DAWN data system, drug abuse related emergency department visits involving
narcotic analgesics increased 153% in the nation (from 42,857 visits to 108,320
emergency department visits) between 1995 to 2002. The greatest increases during
this period occurred for oxycodone (512%), methadone (176%), hydrocodone (159%),
and morphine (116%). Dependence was the most frequently mentioned motive underlying
drug abuse related emergency department visits involving narcotic analgesics (47%),
followed by suicide (22%), psychic effects (15%). The drug abuse motive was unknown
for 14% of the analgesic related emergency department visits. Disposition of emergency
department patients involving narcotic analgesics was as follows: 53% were admitted
for treatment, 44% were treated and released from the hospital, and 3% either
left against medical advice, died, or had an unknown outcome. See The
DAWN Report: Narcotic Analgesics, 2002 Update
- Most
of the substance abuse treatment admissions in 2002 reported to SAMHSA's Treatment
Episode Data Set (TEDS) were either first-time admissions (44%) or had between
one and four previous treatment episodes (45%). The remaining 11% had five or
more previous treatment episodes. Substance abuse treatment admissions reporting
5 or more prior treatment episodes were more likely than first time admissions
to report opiates as their primary substance of abuse (36% vs. 10%). Admissions
with 5 or more prior treatment episodes were more likely than first time admissions
to have been self or individually referred (52% vs. 27%) or to have been referred
by an alcohol or drug abuse provider (18% vs. 6%), and less likely to have been
referred by the criminal justice system (16% vs. 47%). See The
DASIS Report: Admissions
with Five or More Prior Treatment Episodes: 2002
- SAMHSA's
2002/2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health provided data on three categories
of risk factors for substance use among American Indian or Alaska Native youths:
individual/peers, family, and school. American Indian or Alaska Native youths
were more likely than other youths to perceive moderate to no risk associated
with substance use, to perceive their parents as not strongly disapproving of
their substance use, and to believe that all or most of the students in their
school get drunk at least once a week. According to American Indian or Alaska
Native youths, their parents were about as likely as those of other youths to
talk to their child about dangers of substance use, to let the youth know they
had done a good job, to tell their youth that they were proud of something they
had done, to make their youth do chores around the house or to limit the amount
of time watching TV. However, parents of American Indian or Alaska Native youths
were less likely to provide help with school homework or to limit the time out
with friends on school nights. See
The NSDUH Report:
Risk & Protective Factors for Substance Use Among American Indian or Alaska
Native Youths
- According
to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), the primary methamphetamine/ amphetamine
treatment admission rate in the United States increased from 10 admissions per
100,000 to 52 admissions per 100,000 population aged 12 or older between 1992
and 2002. In 2002, 19 States had rates in excess of the national rate (52 admissions
per 100,000 population): 10 States were in the West, 7 were in the Midwest and
2 were in the South. The highest rates were in Oregon (324 admissions per 100,000),
Hawaii (217 per 100,000), California (200 per 100,000), Iowa (198 per 100,000),
Wyoming (167 per 100,000), Nevada (156 per 100,000), Washington State (150 per
100,000), and Arkansas (125 admissions per 100,000 population). See The
DASIS Report: Primary Methamphetamine / Amphetamine Treatment Admissions:
1992-2002
- SAMHSA's
2003 National Survey on Drug Use & Health estimated that 19.5 million Americans
aged 12 or older currently used an illicit drug, 70.8 million currently smoked
tobacco, and 119 million currently drank alcohol. Rates of current illicit drug
use varied significantly among racial/ethnic groups. The rate of persons aged
12 or older who drove under the influence of alcohol at least once in the year
prior to their interview decreased from 14.2% in 2002 to 13.6% in 2003. While
there was no change in the overall rate of illicit drug use between 2002 and 2003
or the number of persons needing substance abuse treatment, the number receiving
drug treatment at a specialty facility was lower in 2003. The rate of adults with
serious mental illness receiving treatment for a mental health problem in the
past year also did not change between 2002 and 2003 but the rate of inpatient
treatment did increase. See 2003
National Survey on Drug Use & Health Full Report;
Highlights
- In
2002, of the 363,000 treatment admissions of women of usual childbearing age (aged
15 to 44 years) for which pregnancy status was recorded in SAMHSA's Treatment
Episode Data Set (TEDS), 4% were known to be pregnant when admitted. Compared
to nonpregnant admissions, pregnant women aged 15 to 44 entering treatment were
more likely to report cocaine/crack (22% vs. 17%), amphetamine/methamphetamine
(21% vs. 13%), or marijuana (17% vs. 13%) as their primary substance of abuse
and less likely to report alcohol (18% vs. 31%).
See The
DASIS Report: Pregnant Women in Substance Abuse Treatment: 2002
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, rates of current underage
drinking among youth aged 12 to 17 was higher in rural than nonrural areas. Current
underage drinking among those aged 18 to 20, however, were higher in nonrural
areas. Rural youth aged 12 to 17 reported lower levels of perceived risk from
alcohol use, less disapproval of alcohol use, and less perceived parental disapproval
of underage drinking than those in nonrural areas. Binge drinking (defined as
5 or more drinks on the same occasion at least one day in the past month) was
also higher among rural youth age 12 to 17 (4.1%) than nonrural (1.6%) but did
not differ by rural status for those aged 18 to 20. See The
NSDUH Report: Underage Drinking in Rural Areas
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, nearly 2 million women
aged 18 or older were estimated to have both serious mental illness (SMI) and
a substance use disorder during the past year. Women with co-occurring SMI and
a substance use disorder were more likely than men with co-occurring SMI and a
substance use disorder to have received treatment for a mental disorder and/or
specialty substance use treatment during the past year. See
The
NSDUH Report: Women with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and a Substance
Use Disorder
- Drug
abuse related emergency department visits involving amphetamines or methamphetamines
increased 54% in the nation (from 25,245 to 38,961 emergency department visits)
between 1995 to 2002. The greatest increases during this period occurred in Newark
(574%), New Orleans (507%) and Baltimore (500%). Large increases also occurred
in St. Louis (283%), Minneapolis (270%), and Miami (233%). In 2002, the majority
of amphetamines or methamphetamines visits involved white patients (65%) and male
patients (58%). More than half of the emergency department visits involving amphetamines
or methamphetamines involved patients aged 18 to 34. See
The DAWN Report: Amphetamine and Methamphetamine Emergency Department
Visits, 1995-2002
- Benzodiazepines
are psychotherapeutic sedatives used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures.
SAMHSA's DAWN found that benzodiazepines were involved in 100,784 drug abuse related
emergency department visits in 2002 and were the most frequently reported type
of psychotherapeutic drug. From 1995 to 2002, drug abuse related emergency department
visits involving benzodiazepines increased 41%. Nearly half of the drug abuse
related emergency department visits involving benzodiazepines were the result
of suicide attempts. See The
DAWN Report: Demographic Characteristics of Benzodiazepine-involved ED
Visits
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, during 2002 approximately
91% of youths aged 12 to 17 participated in one or more school-based, community-based,
church or faith-based, or other activities (e.g., karate lessons) during the past
year. Rates of past year use of cigarettes, alcohol, or illicit drugs were lower
among youth who participated in such activities than nonparticipants. See
The NSDUH Report: Participation in
Youth Activities and Substance Use Among Youths
- In
SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), the substance abuse treatment admission rates
for narcotic painkillers increased 155% between 1992 and 2002. The increase was
smallest in large central metropolitan areas (58%) and greatest in the most rural
areas, i.e., non-metropolitan areas without a city (269%). The proportions of
narcotic painkiller treatment admissions taking the drugs orally or inhaling them
increased while the proportion injecting them decreased. See The
DASIS Report: Treatment Admissions in Urban & Rural Areas Involving
Abuse of Narcotic Painkillers: 2002 Update
- In
2002, the criminal justice system was the principal source of referral for 36%
of all substance abuse treatment admissions, as found by SAMHSA's Treatment Episode
Data Set (TEDS). Specific criminal justice venues and programs referring clients
to substance abuse treatment include State and Federal courts, other courts, probation
programs, other recognized legal entities (e.g., local law enforcement, corrections,
or youth agencies), diversionary programs (e.g., Treatment Accountability for
Safer Communities [TASC]), prisons, and "driving under the influence/driving
while intoxicated (DUI/DWI) programs. Probation/parole
programs referrals were the most common type of criminal justice system referral
(47%). See
The DASIS Report: Substance
Abuse Treatment Admissions Referred by the Criminal Justice System
- SAMHSA's
DAWN found that the following "club drugs" (GHB, ketamine, LSD, and
MDMA) collectively were involved in 8,127 emergency department visits in 2002.
Most of the patients in club drug related emergency department (ED) visits were
under age 26: 56% of the GHB, 68% of the ketamine, 75% of the MDMA, and 76% of
the LSD related emergency department visits. Although relatively rare, club drug
related emergency department visits more than doubled from 1994 to 1999 and generally
decreased from 2000 to 2002. See The DAWN
Report: Club Drugs, 2002 Update
-
Based on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug
Use and Health, in 2002, there were 17.5 million adults aged 18 or older with
serious mental illness (SMI) during the 12 months prior to being interviewed.
This represents 8.3% of all adults in the United States. On average, adults with
SMI were younger, less educated, and more likely to be female than adults without
SMI. The two racial/ethnic groups with the highest prevalence of SMI were
those reporting more than one race (13.6%) and American Indians and Alaska Natives
(12.5%). The prevalence of SMI was more than twice as high among those who
used an illicit drug during the past year than it was among those who did not
(17.1 vs. 6.9%). This relationship was observed across most demographic and socioeconomic
subgroups and across most types of illicit drugs used. In 2002, there were
5 million adults aged 18 or older who had SMI and used an illicit drug in the
past year; this represented 28.9% of all persons with SMI. See Serious
Mental Illness and Its Co-Occurrence with Substance Use Disorders, 2002.
-
In 2002, opioid pain relievers accounted for about 10%
of all drug mentions in drug abuse-related emergency department visits reported
to SAMHSA's DAWN system. Oxycodone and hydrocodone were the most frequently named
pain relievers. Between 1994 and 2002, mentions of oxycodone increased 450% and
hydrocodone mentions increased 170%. Over 70% of the oxycodone or hydrocodone
related visits involved multiple drugs. See The
DAWN Report: Oxycodone, Hydrocodone, and Polydrug Use, 2002.
- Between
1997 and 2002, the number of treatment admissions involving narcotic painkillers
in SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) increased more than the overall
increase in treatment admissions or the increase in admissions for primary heroin
abuse. The number of treatment admissions in which narcotic painkillers were involved
not only doubled between 1992 and 2000 but continued to increased even more between
2000 and 2002. The proportion of new users of narcotic painkillers (those entering
treatment within 3 years of beginning use) increased from 26% in 1997 to 39% in
2002. By 2002, 31 States had an admission rate for narcotic painkillers of at
least 24 per 100,000 persons age 12 or older. Five of the 6 New England States
reported the highest rates in the nation, ranging from 89 per 10,000 in Connecticut
to 207 per 100,000 in Maine. See The DASIS Report:
Admissions Involving Narcotic Painkillers: 2002 Update
-
In
2002, the proportion of female admissions between the ages of 25 and 44 to SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) who were currently married was less than in
the general population. About 40% of the female admissions were self and individual
referrals to treatment and about 25% were referred by the criminal justice system.
Cocaine and opiates were reported as the primary substance of abuse more frequently
by female admissions who had never been married and alcohol was reported more
frequently by those who had ever been married. See The
DASIS Report: Marital
Status of Women Aged 25-44: 2002
in substance abuse treatment.
- Based
on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) conducted in 2000, 23% of the episodes
represented clients who received detoxification services. Most (95%) of the detoxification
discharges were from free-standing residential facilities, 3% were in ambulatory
settings and 2% were in hospital settings. The completion rate for detoxification
episodes was 52%; while another 8% involved those who were transferred to further
treatment. The median length of stay for completed detoxification episodes
was 4 days. The completion rate among detoxification episodes was highest when
the primary substance of abuse was alcohol (54%), cocaine (51%), opiates (49%),
and stimulants (49%). The completion rate among detoxification episodes
was lowest when the primary substance of abuse was marijuana/hashish (38%). See
The DASIS Report: Discharges
from Detoxification, 2000
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, approximately 1.6 million
youth (7%) aged 12 to 17 had run away from home and slept on the street in the
past 12 months. Among youths aged 12 or 13, 6% had run away and among those aged
16 or 17, 10% had run away from home in the past 12 months. Youths who had run
away from home in the past 12 months were more likely to have used alcohol, marijuana,
or an illicit drug other than marijuana in the past year than youths who had not
run away. Alcohol was used in the past year by 50% of the runaway youths aged
12 to 17 and 33% of those who had not run away from home. Marijuana was used in
the past year by 23% of the runaways aged 12 to 18 and 12% of those who had not
run away from home. See The
NSDUH Report: Substance Use Among Youths Who Had Run Away From Home
- SAMHSA's
2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that 17.5 million adults aged
18 or older (8%) were estimated to have a serious mental illness in the past year.
About 4 million of the adults with a serious mental illness in 2002 also were
dependent on or abused alcohol or an illicit drug; that is, they had a co-occurring
substance abuse and mental disorder. More
than half of the adults with co-occurring serious mental illness and a substance
use disorder received neither specialty substance use treatment nor mental health
treatment during the past year. Among adults with co-occurring disorders, 34%
received mental health treatment only, 2% received specialty substance use treatment
only, and 12% received both mental health and specialty substance use treatment
during the past year. See
The NSDUH
Report: Adults with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and a Substance
Use Disorder
- SAMHSA's
2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that 2.7% of persons aged 12
or older nationwide needed but did not receive treatment for an illicit drug problem
and 7.3% needed but did not receive treatment for an alcohol problem. The States
with the highest rates of individuals needing but not receiving substance abuse
treatment were mainly in the West. The States with the highest rates of individuals
needing but not receiving alcohol treatment were mainly in the Midwest and West.
See The
NSDUH Report: State Estimates of Persons Needing But Not Receiving Substance
Abuse Treatment, 2002
- In
2000 and 2001, an annual average of 21.1 million adults (10.5% of the U.S. population
aged 18 or older) received treatment for a mental or emotional problem within
the past 12 months. Among adults receiving such treatment, 18.9% had perceived
an unmet need for treatment at some time during the year. Among adults not receiving
treatment for a mental or emotional treatment in the past year, 2.4% perceived
an unmet need. Unmet need may be no treatment, delayed treatment or insufficient
care. See Patterns of Mental
Health Service Utilization and Substance Use Among Adults, 2000 and 2001
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, among women aged 21 to
49, married women were less likely to have used tobacco, engaged in binge alcohol
use, or used an illicit drug in the past month compared with women who were divorced
or separated, never married, or living with an unmarried partner. Among married
women, those with children younger than 18 living in the home were less likely
to have used tobacco, engaged in binge alcohol use, or used any illicit drug in
the past month than those with no child living in the home. Past month tobacco
and illicit drug use were higher among women living with an unmarried partner
than among women from other marital status groups. See The
NSDUH Report: Marital Status and Substance Use Among Women
- SAMHSA's
Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) provides national estimates for cost, revenue,
counseling activities, and staffing. The ADSS Cost Study was the first study of
treatment costs with validated cost data from a nationally representative sample
of substance abuse treatment facilities. For data on mean cost per admission by
type of treatment, cost per enrolled client day, and personnel costs associated
with substance abuse treatment, see The
DASIS Report: Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) Cost Study
- In 2002, SAMHSA's National Survey
on Drug Use and Health found that almost 30 million persons aged 12 and older
(13%) had used prescription pain relievers nonmedically at least once in their
lifetime. The numbers of
persons using prescription pain relievers nonmedically for the first time increased
from 600,000 in 1990 to more than 2 million in 2001. About
1.5 million persons aged 12 or older were dependent on or abused prescription
pain relievers in 2002. See The
NSDUH Report: Nonmedical Use of Prescription Pain Relievers
- Almost
half of all admissions
reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) in 2002 were for alcohol
abuse (43%). Between 1992 and 2002, the proportion of all admissions by
primary drug of abuse increased for amphetamine/ amphetamine and other stimulants
from 1% to 7%; for primary marijuana abuse from 6% to 15%; and for primary
heroin abuse from 11% to 15%. However, during this period, the proportion
of all admission decreased for primary cocaine abuse from 18% to 13%.
See Treatment
Episode Data Set (TEDS): 2002 Highlights
- In
2001, there were 58,000 substance abuse treatment admissions aged 55 or older;
this was about 3% of all substance abuse treatment admissions reported to SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS). Admissions
aged 55 or older were more likely than younger admissions to enter treatment through
self-referral (41% vs. 36%) and less likely to be referred through the criminal
justice system (25% vs. 35%). See The
DASIS Report: Older Adults in Substance Abuse Treatment: 2001
- Phencyclidine
(PCP) was reported as the primary substance of abuse for about 3,100 substance
abuse treatment admissions reported in 2001 to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data
Set (TEDS). The average age of primary PCP admissions was younger than that of
all other substance abuse treatment admissions: 28 years of age for primary PCP
admissions vs. 34 years for all other substance abuse treatment admissions. Primary
PCP admissions were more prevalent in the West (36%) and Northeast (33%) than
in the Midwest (22%) or the South (15%). See The
DASIS Report: Characteristics of Primary Phencyclidine
(PCP) Admissions: 2001.
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 21% of young drivers aged
15 to 17 were binge drinkers and 6% were heavy drinkers during the combined years
of 1999 to 2001. Rates of heavy drinking and binge drinking among young drivers
varied by the States' Graduated Driver Licensing ratings, based on the extent
to which they restrict driving behavior among young drivers. This report identifies
the States categorized from most restrictive to least restrictive according to
the 4 category rating scheme developed by the Insurance Institute for Highway
Safety and the Traffic Injury Research Foundation. See
The
NSDUH Report: Graduated
Driver Licensing and Drinking Among Young Drivers
- In
2001, 60% of the 112,000 substance abuse treatment admissions aged 18-20 reported
to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), involved alcohol. Admissions
aged 18-20 for alcohol only were more likely to have been referred by the criminal
justice system (70%) than admissions for alcohol with a secondary drug (56%). Alcohol
only treatment admissions aged 18-20 were less likely to have started using alcohol
prior to the age of 13 than admissions for alcohol with a secondary drug (12%
vs. 23%). See The
DASIS Report: Treatment Admissions for Primary Alcohol Abuse Among Youth Aged
18-20; 2001
- In
2001, amphetamines including methamphetamine, were the primary substance of abuse
reported in more than 98,000 substance abuse treatment admissions. This represented
6% of the admissions reported that year to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set
(TEDS). Among admissions with amphetamines as a primary substance, the most common
route of administration was smoking (44%), followed by injection (26%), and inhalation
(19%). Primary amphetamine admissions were more likely to have been referred to
substance abuse treatment by the criminal justice system than admissions for other
substances (48% vs. 34%). See The
DASIS Report: Characteristics of Primary Amphetamine Treatment Admissions,
2001.
- The
National Treatment System: Outpatient Methadone Facilities (Alcohol and Drug
Services Study [ADSS]) This
report provides national estimates for facilities that offer outpatient methadone
treatment. It describes the relationship between methadone treatment practices
and facility characteristics by examining facility size, ownership, amount of
public revenue, urbanicity, level of facility affiliation, licensure, setting,
services, and staffing composition. It provides information on treatment practices
such as methadone dosing level and staffing patterns, and describes the characteristics
of clients in treatment.
- Between
1995 and 2001, the proportion of substance abuse treatment admissions with co-occurring
substance abuse and psychiatric disorders reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode
Data Set (TEDS) increased from 12% to 16%. The proportion of females among admissions
with co-occurring disorders increased from 38% to 44% while remaining stable at
about 30% among all other admissions.
Primary use of opiates increased for admissions with co-occurring disorders (from
13% to 21%) while remaining stable for all other admissions at 25%. See The
DASIS Report:
Admissions with Co-Occurring Disorders, 1995 and 2001.
- About
34% of the substance abuse treatment admissions reported to SAMHSA's Treatment
Episode Data Set (TEDS) were employed full- or part-time at the time of admission.
Employed admissions were more likely to report alcohol as their primary substance
of abuse than unemployed admissions (56% vs. 41%). Among criminal justice referrals,
employed admissions were three times more likely than unemployed admissions (16%
vs. 5%) to have been referred as a result of arrests for "driving while intoxicated"
(DWI)) or "driving under the influence" (DUI). See
The DASIS Report: Employed Admissions, 2001
- In
2001, the 436,000 admissions for detoxification accounted for 25% of all substance
abuse treatment admissions reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS).
Detoxification admissions were more likely to have had five or more previous admissions
(26%) compared with all other admissions (9%). Compared with all other substance
abuse treatment admissions, detoxification admissions were more likely to be Hispanic
(17% vs. 11%) and older (average age 38 vs. 33), and less likely to be employed
full-time(16% vs. 29%). See
The DASIS Report: Admissions for Detoxification, 2001.
- SAMHSA's
2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that more than 2.6 million youths
aged 12 to 17 reported using inhalants at least once in their lifetime. The categories
of inhalants most frequently used in the youths' lifetime were glue, shoe polish
or toluene (4.5%), gasoline or lighter fluid (3.5%), and spray paints (2.5%).
Over half (53%) of the youths who used an inhalant, however, had used more than
one type in their lifetime. Youths who had used an inhalant in the past year were
about 3 times more likely to use marijuana, 4 times more likely to use prescription
drugs nonmedically, and 7 times more likely to use hallucinogens than those who
had not used inhalants in the past year. See
The NSDUH Report: Inhalant Use Among Youths: 2002 Update
- SAMHSA's
National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that, in 2002, over 60% of youths
aged 12 to 17 who had used marijuana in the past year obtained their most recently
used marijuana for free or shared someone else's marijuana. Among youths who obtained
marijuana for free or shared it, blacks (18%) were more likely than whites (9%)
or Hispanics (7%) to have obtained it from a relative or family member. Among
youths who bought their most recently used marijuana, white youths (9%) were more
likely than black youths (4%) to have purchased it inside a school building. See
The NSDUH Report: How Youths Obtain Marijuana
- Based
on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) conducted in 2000, 55% of hospital
inpatient treatment episodes involved individuals who completed treatment and
another 25% involved those who were transferred to further treatment. The
hospital inpatient treatment completion rate was highest, at 59%, for episodes
involving alcohol as the primary substance of abuse. See The
DASIS Report: Discharges from Hospital Inpatient Treatment, 2000
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2002, almost 1.5 million
youths aged 12 to 17 had been detained in a jail or a detention center at least
once in their lifetime. Past year substance abuse or dependence was
almost 3 times higher among youths who had been detained at least once in their
lifetime than among youths who had never been in a jail or a detention center.
Prescription type drugs were used in the past year by 21.2% of youth who had been
in a jail or detention compared with 8.4% of the youth who had never been detained.
See The
NSDUH Report: Substance Use, Abuse, and Dependence Among Youth Who Have
Been in a Jail or a Detention Center.
- SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) found in 2000 that the completion rate for long-term
residential treatment was highest (38%) involving alcohol as the primary substance
of abuse. The completion rates for long-term residential treatment by other primary
substances were: marijuana (32%), stimulants (30%), opiates (29%), and cocaine
(29%). The median length of stay for completed long-term residential treatment
episodes was 75 days, ranging from 73 days for cocaine to 91 days for opiates.
See
The DASIS Report: Discharges from Long-term Residential Treatment, 2000.
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2002 almost 5 million adults
were alcohol dependent or alcohol abusing and had at least one child younger than
age 18 living in their home. Parents with past year alcohol dependence or abuse
were more likely to report household turbulence than parents who were not alcohol
dependent or alcohol abusing. Household turbulence included people in their household
having serious arguments and often insulting or yelling at each other. See
The NSDUH Report: Alcohol Dependence or Abuse Among Parents with Children
Living in the Home.
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2000 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), about 10% (15,000) of substance
abuse admissions aged 18 or younger were referred by schools. Four
States had rates of at least twice the national average of school referrals:
South Carolina (32%), Hawaii (28%), New Hampshire (25%) and Virginia (22%).
In four States, school referrals made up 2% or less of youth substance abuse admissions:
Montana, Nevada, Missouri, and North Dakota. See The
DASIS Report: Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Referred by Schools, 2000.
- According
to SAMHSA's 2001 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), adolescent admissions for
substance abuse increased from 1992 to 2001, due to increased admissions involving
marijuana and increased referrals from the criminal justice system. Since
1992, methamphetamine/amphetamine admission rates increased by 100% or more in
33 States, spreading east from the Pacific States into the Midwest and South.
In 2001, for the fifth consecutive year, TEDS admissions for primary opiate abuse
exceeded those for primary cocaine abuse. See Treatment
Data Episode Set (TEDS) 1992-2001: National Admissions to Substance Abuse
Treatment Services.
- In
2002, according to SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, about 8 million
youths (33%) aged 12 to 17 attended religious services 25 times or more in the
past year. More than 78% of youths (19 million) reported that religious
beliefs are a very important part of their lives and 69% (17 million) reported
that religious beliefs influence how they make decisions. Youth aged 12
to 17 with higher levels of religiosity were less likely to have used cigarettes,
alcohol, or illicit drugs in the past month than youths with lower levels of religiosity.
See The
NSDUH Report: Religious Beliefs and Substance Use Among Youths.
- In
SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), the number of substance abuse treatment
admissions in which narcotic painkillers were involved increased 101% between
1992 and 2000. Increases in substance abuse treatment admission rates for abuse
of narcotic painkillers were greatest in areas outside large central metropolitan
areas. The proportion increased of narcotic painkiller treatment admissions taking
the drugs orally while the proportion injecting narcotic painkillers decreased.
However, only in rural areas did the proportion who inhaled the narcotic painkillers
increase. See
The DASIS Report: Treatment Admissions in Urban & Rural Areas Involving
Abuse of Narcotic Painkillers.
- According
to SAMHSA's DAWN system, the growth in PCP related visits to emergency departments
between 2001 and 2002 exceeded the national average in four metropolitan areas
in the East: Newark (254%), Washington, D.C. (148%), Baltimore (60%), and
Philadelphia (46%). See The
DAWN Report: Trends in PCP-related Emergency Department Visits.
(PDF format)
- In
2002, males and females aged 12 to 17 were equally likely (55%) to report that
obtaining marijuana would be easy. However, female youths were more likely than
males to report it would be easy to obtain crack (32% vs. 21%), cocaine (29% vs.
21%), LSD (23% vs. 16%) and heroin (17% vs. 13%). See The
NSDUH Report: Availability of Illicit Drugs Among Youths.
- In
SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) linked admission/ discharge records,
11% represented clients who received short-term residential substance abuse treatment.
The completion rate for short-term residential treatment was highest (67%) for
episodes where alcohol was the primary substance of abuse. Over half completed
their short-term residential when their primary substance was opiates (59%), marijuana
(58%), cocaine (55%) or stimulants (53%). The median length of stay for completed
short-term residential treatment episodes was 26 days, ranging from 22 days for
alcohol to 28 days for marijuana. See
The DASIS Report: Discharges from Short-term Residential Treatment,
2000.
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the percentages of youths
engaging in delinquent behaviors rose with increasing frequency of marijuana use.
In 2002, more than 5 million youths engaged in serious fighting at school or work
and almost 4 million took part in a group-against-group fight in the past year.
Over half (57%) of those who used marijuana 300 or more days in the past year
reported that they also sold illegal drugs. See The
NSDUH Report: Marijuana Use and Delinquent Behaviors Among Youths.
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