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October 2004
What's new in the product guide?
The International Investment Division (IID) of the Bureau of Economic
Analysis (BEA) collects and analyzes data on U.S. direct investment abroad
(USDIA), foreign direct investment in the United States (FDIUS), and selected
services transactions with unaffiliated foreign persons. As outlined below,
the data are published in the Survey of Current Business (SCB),
other publications, or available electronically as free downloadable compressed
files. Just click on the title of a file, or its product ID number, in
this Guide.
CONTENTS How
to Order
I. U.S. Direct Investment
Abroad:
II. Foreign Direct Investment
in the United States
III. U.S. International Sales and Purchases of
Services
IV. Related Articles and Publications
Telephone Contacts for BEA Data Users - International
Order forms
Top
HOW
TO ORDER
Publications and data files
Most data on direct investment published by BEA are available in the form of free downloads. It is also possible to order paper copies of publications.
- The SCB is the monthly journal of the Bureau of Economic Analysis
(BEA) and is available online and in published form from the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO).
- BEA publications listed in this guide that have a with a
GPO stock number may be ordered on the GPO Web site.
- BEA publications with a National Technical Information Service
(NTIS) stock number may be ordered on the NTIS Web site.
Press Releases
The full text of BEA's news releases are available
at <www.bea.gov> within minutes of their release. For information
about how to obtain U.S. Department of Commerce's other press releases,
please contact the Economics and Statistics Administration at (202) 482-1986.
Top
I. U.S. DIRECT INVESTMENT ABROAD (USDIA)
A. Direct Investment Position
and Related Balance of Payments Flows
Preliminary annual estimates are published in the summer of the year
following the year covered; revised estimates are published a year later.
Written analyses of data for the most recent year are based on preliminary
estimates. Prior to 1996, quarterly estimates of the flows (but not the
position) were published, in limited detail, in the U.S. international
transactions articles in the March, June, September, and December Survey of Current Business (SCB) issues. Beginning in 1996, these
articles appeared in the April, July, October, and January SCB.
From 1985 to 1993, summary estimates of the position and a brief analysis
of current developments appeared in the June SCB as part of the
article on the U.S. international investment position (see
section IV.A). In 1994 and 1995, these estimates and analyses appeared
in a separate article in the June SCB. Detailed tables on the position
and related capital and income flows appeared in the August SCB
(July in 1993). In earlier years, both detailed tables and an analysis
usually had appeared in the August SCB. Beginning in 1996, summary
estimates of the position and analyses appeared in an article in the July
SCB, and detailed tables on the position and related capital and
income flows appeared in the September SCB.
Available on BEA's Web site: Data on the historical-cost position
for 1994, 1995,
1996, 1997,
1998, 1999,
2000, 2001,
2002, and
2003, as well as related annual and quarterly flows
of capital and income for
1994-2004:Q2.
Also available: The 2002-2003 international
investment position of the United States.
Past estimates for one or more years are revised each year, sometimes
because the series have been "rebenchmarked" to a more recent
benchmark, or census, of direct investment.
Survey of Current Business Articles
SCB issue, years covered, author, and comments
- 7/04 & 9/04, 2003, Borga & Yorgason
Lowe prepared details of 9/04.
- 7/03 &
9/03, 2002,
Borga
Estimates for 1999-2001 re-benchmarked to 1999 benchmark survey.
- 7/02 & 9/02,
2001, Borga & Yorgason
Lowe prepared details of 9/02.
- 7/01 & 9/01,
2000, Borga & Mataloni
Lowe prepared details of 9/01.
- 7/00 & 9/00,
1999, Bargas
Lowe prepared details of 9/00.
- 7/99 & 9/99,
1998, Bargas & Troia
Lowe prepared details of 9/99.
- 7/98 &10/98,
1997, Bargas
Estimates for 1994-96 re-benchmarked to 1994 benchmark survey.
- 7/97 & 9/97,
1996, Bargas
Lowe prepared details of 9/97.
- 7&9/96, 1995, Lowe
- 6&8/95, 1994, Lowe
- 6&8/94, 1993, Lowe
- 6&7/93, 1992, Lowe
Estimates for 1989-92 re-benchmarked to 1989 benchmark survey.
- 6&8/92, 1991, Mataloni
Estimates incorporate various methodological changes.
- 6&8/91, 1990, Lowe
- 6&8/90, 1989, Lowe
- 6&8/89, 1988, Lowe
- 6&8/88, 1987, Lowe
- 6&8/87, 1986, Lowe
- 6&8/86, 1985, Brereton
Estimates for 1982-84 re-benchmarked to 1982 benchmark survey.
- 6&8/85, 1984, Belli
- 8/84, 1983, Howenstine
- 8/83, 1982, Whichard
- 8/82, 1981, Whichard
- 8/81, 1980, Whichard
Estimates for 1977-79 re-benchmarked to 1977 benchmark survey.
- 8/80, 1979, Whichard
- 8/79, 1978, Whichard
- 8/78, 1977, Kozlow, Rutter & Walker
- 8/77, 1976, Whichard
Estimates for 1966-75 revised.
- 8/76, 1975, Whichard & Freidlin
- 10/75, 1974, Freidlin & Lupo
Estimates for 1966-73 re-benchmarked to 1966 benchmark survey.
Detailed Tables Annual estimates of the U.S. direct
investment position abroad, and of balance of payments flows between U.S.
parents and their foreign affiliates, including capital flows (with their
components--equity, intercompany debt, and reinvested earnings--shown
separately), income, and services are available at various levels of country
and/or industry detail from BEA (see below).
Zipped files USDIA:
Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Estimates, 1982-2003
Free Downloads: (EXE) (ZIP)
(Data for the years 1982-88, in hard copy, see next section.)
Top
Other Articles and Publications on Direct Investment Flows, Position,
and Income:
SCB issue or publication date, title, and comments.
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Balance of Payments
and Direct Investment Position Estimates, 1982-88 -- 9/95
Publication available from BEA, BEA product ID number IPN-0042. Order by e-mail at OrderDesk@bea.gov
or by phone at 1–800–704–0415 or 202-606-9666.
- A Guide to BEA Statistics on
U.S. Multinational Companies -- 3/95
SCB article by Mataloni.
- Rates of Return on Direct Investment -- 8/92
SCB article by Landefeld, Lawson, & Weinberg.
- Valuation of the U.S. Net International Investment Position -- 5/91
SCB article by Landefeld & Lawson.
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment
Position Estimates, 1977-81 -- 11/86
Updates the 1950-76 publication listed below. Available from NTIS,
product number PB87-178265, domestic price $31.50, foreign price $64.00,
per paper copy.(Click on NTIS
for shipping and handling fees.)
- Selected Data on U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, 1950-76 --
2/82
Publication covers the direct investment position and related capital
and income flows; available from NTIS,
product number PB87-121869, domestic price $58.50, foreign price $118.00,
per paper copy. (Click on NTIS
for shipping and handling fees.)
- Trends in the U.S. Direct Investment Position Abroad, 1950-79 -- 2/81
SCB article by Whichard.
Data Presentation Available On the Internet Only Tables
for U.S. direct investment abroad (USDIA) for position, capital flows,
and income for 1966-81, for all countries in which there is U.S. direct
investment (with no industry detail).
Also available, description of changes in methodology and presentation for
USDIA balance of payments and position data: 1977,
1982, and 1994.
Top
B. Operations of U.S. Parent
Companies and Their Foreign Affiliates
Data are from benchmark and annual sample surveys of U.S. direct investment
abroad. The survey collects operating and financial data of U.S. companies
and their foreign affiliates, such as balance sheets, income statements,
employment and compensation of employees, trade in goods, and sales of
goods and services. Published estimates are for the universe of nonbank
affiliates of nonbank parents and are derived from the reported sample
data. The first annual survey covered 1983. Benchmark surveys covered
1982, 1989, 1994, and 1999. Data are preliminary when first published;
revised data are published a year later.
Survey of Current Business Articles
SCB issue, year covered, and author
- 7/04, 2002, Mataloni
- 11/03, 2001,
Mataloni
- 12/02, 2000,
Mataloni
- 3/02, 1999, Mataloni
and Yorgason
- 7/00, 1998,
Mataloni
- 7/99, 1997, Mataloni
- 9/98, 1996, Mataloni
- 10/97, 1995, Mataloni
- 12/96, 1994, Mataloni and
Fahim-Nader
- 6/95, 1993, Mataloni
- 6/94, 1992, Mataloni
- 7/93, 1991, Mataloni
- 8/92, 1990, Mataloni
- 10/91, 1989, Lowe and Mataloni
- 6/90, 1988, Mataloni
- 6/89, 1987, Whichard
- 6/88, 1986, Whichard
- 6/87, 1985, Brereton
- 9/86, 1984, Brereton
- 1/86, 1983, Belli
- 12/85, 1982, Whichard and Shea
Top
NOTE: For 1982, 1989, 1994, and 1999 and for certain
earlier years, see the information on benchmark surveys in section
I.D.
Because of space constraints, full details cannot be published in the
SCB articles. Supplementary tables, currently about 70 for each year,
are available in separate publications and as electronic files. The publications
for 1983-91 are available from NTIS,
see below for product numbers and per-copy domestic and foreign prices.
(Click on NTIS for shipping
and handling fees.) The publications for 1992 and 1995-99 are available
from GPO (see GPO for current prices);
the publication for 1993 is available from BEA. Estimates for 1983-88,
1990-93, 1995-98 and 2000-01 may be obtained from BEA as free downloads
(see section I.D. for 1989, 1994 and 1999.). BEA ID
numbers for publication and electronic files, NTIS
product numbers and domestic and foreign prices, and GPO
stock numbers for the publications are shown below.
NOTE: The main title of the USDIA
publications is: U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Operations
of U.S. Parent Companies and Their Foreign Affiliates with
the following subtitles.
Comprehensive financial and operating data
Subtitle:
- Preliminary 2002 Estimates, XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 2001 Estimates, XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 2000 Estimates, XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1999 Estimates
- Revised 1998 Estimates PDF (EXE)
(ZIP) XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00293-0
- Revised 1997 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0254 (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00285-9
- Revised 1996 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0238 (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00282-4
- Revised 1995 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0213 (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00276-0
- Revised 1994 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0189 (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00271-9
- Revised 1993 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.): IPN-0161
BEA files: IDN-0039 (EXE) (ZIP)
- Revised 1992 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0038 (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00253-1
- Revised 1991 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0037 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB94-196425
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1990 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0036 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB94-102175
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1989 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0035 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB93-127702
NTIS domestic price/copy: $84.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $169.00
- Revised 1988 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0034 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB92-101583
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1987 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0033 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB90-258898
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1986 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0032 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB90-114109
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1985 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0031 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB89-121784
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1984 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0030 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB88-100540
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1983 Estimates
BEA files: IDN-0029 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB87-131306
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1982 Estimates
NTIS product # publication: PB86-169117
NTIS domestic price/copy: $86.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $174.00
NOTE: For 1982, 1989, 1994, and 1999, and for certain
earlier years, see the information on benchmark surveys in section
I.D.
Top
C. Capital Expenditures by Majority-Owned Foreign
Affiliates of U.S. Companies
Through September 1994, when this series was discontinued, estimates
were published twice yearly, usually in the March and September SCB's.
SCB issue, years covered, author, and comments
- 9/94, 1993-94, Fahim-Nader
The last article presenting the results of the capital expenditures
survey, which has been discontinued.
- 3/94, 1993-94, Fahim-Nader
- 9/93, 1992-93, Fahim-Nader
- 3/93, 1992-93, Fahim-Nader
Estimates for 1983-91 also revised to reflect information from the 1989
benchmark survey.
- 9/92, 1991-92, Fahim-Nader
- 3/92, 1991-92, Fahim-Nader
- 9/91, 1989-91, Fahim-Nader
1989 estimates revised in connection with 1989 benchmark survey.
- 3/91, 1990-91, Mataloni
- 9/90, 1990-91, Mataloni
- 3/90, 1989-90, Mataloni
Examines patterns of foreign affiliate capital spending from 1977-89.
- 9/89, 1989-90, Mataloni
- 3/89, 1988-89, Quijano
- 9/88, 1987-89, Quijano
- 3/88, 1987-88, Herr
- 9/87, 1986-88, Herr
- 3/87, 1986-87, Herr
- 10/86, 1985-87, Herr
Estimates for 1982-84 rebenchmarked to 1982 benchmark survey.
- 3/86, 1985-86, Lowe,
- 9/85, 1984-86, Kozlow
- 3/85, 1984-85, Kozlow
- 9/84, 1983-85, Kozlow
- 3/84, 1983-84, Kozlow
- 9/83, 1982-84, Kozlow
- 3/83, 1982-83, Kozlow
- 9/82, 1981-83, Kozlow
- 3/82, 1981-82, Kozlow
- 10/81, 1980-82, Lowe
Estimates for 1977-79 re-benchmarked to 1977 benchmark survey.
- 3/81, 1980-81, Lowe
- 9/80, 1979-81, Lowe
- 3/80, 1979-80, Chung
- 9/79, 1978-80, Chung
- 3/79, 1978-79, Chung
- 10/78, 1977-79, Lupo
- 3/78, 1977-78, Galler
- 9/77, 1976-78, Lupo
- 3/77, 1976-77, Belli
- 9/76, 1975-77, Chung
- 3/76, 1975-76, Whichard
- 9/75, 1974-76, Howenstine
Estimates for 1971-73 revised.
- 3/75, 1974-75, Chung
- 9/74, 1973-75, Chung
Estimates for 1967-72 revised.
Top
D. Benchmark Surveys and
Related Articles
Benchmark surveys are periodic surveys of the universe of U.S. direct
investment abroad. In addition to the direct investment position and related
flows of capital, income, and royalties and license fees, they cover a
wide range of operating and financial data of U.S. parent companies and
their foreign affiliates, such as balance sheets, income statements, external
financing, employment and compensation of employees, trade in goods, and
sales of goods and services. A special sample survey (or "mini-census")
covering 1970 was conducted to update the 1966 benchmark survey data.
Publications containing the detailed data from the benchmark surveys and
1970 mini-census are:
Publication Title, GPO stock #, BEA
ID #, NTIS product #,
and Pricing
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: 1999 Benchmark Survey, Final Results
- XLS (EXE) (ZIP)
-- Includes methodology PDF
- PDF (EXE) (ZIP)
GPO 003-010-00296-4
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: 1994 Benchmark Survey, Final Results
GPO 003-010-00271-9, BEA IDN-0189 (EXE)
(ZIP)
Domestic: GPO $41.00 | Foreign: GPO $46.25
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, 1989 Benchmark Survey Data, Final Results
NTIS PB93-127702, BEA IDN-0035 (EXE)
(ZIP)
Domestic: NTIS $84.00 | Foreign: NTIS $169.00
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, 1982 Benchmark Survey Data
NTIS PB86-169117
Domestic: NTIS $86.50 | Foreign: NTIS $174.00
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, 1977
NTIS PB82-130634
Domestic: NTIS $96.00 | Foreign: NTIS $193.00
- Special Survey of U.S. Multinational Companies, 1970
NTIS COM-72-11392
Domestic: NTIS $36.50 | Foreign: NTIS $74.00
- U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, 1966--Final Data
NTIS COM-75-10694
Domestic: NTIS $67.50 | Foreign: NTIS $135.00
Top
Analytical SCB articles that draw on universe data from the benchmark
surveys, or on matched sample data from the 1966 benchmark survey and
the 1970 mini-census, are listed below.
SCB issue, title, author, comments
- 3/02, Operations of U.S. Multinational
Companies: Preliminary Results from the 1999 Benchmark Survey, Mataloni
&
Yorgason
Summary of 1999 Benchmark data (preliminary).
- 4/97, Real Gross Product of U.S. Companies' Majority-Owned
Foreign Affiliates in Manufacturing, Mataloni
SCB article presents estimates of real gross product of majority-owned
foreign affiliates in manufacturing for 1982-94 and discusses the methodology
used to produce the estimates. The methodology makes use of "purchasing-power-parity"
exchange rates.
- 12/96, Operations of U.S. Multinational Companies:
Preliminary Results from the 1994 Benchmark Survey, Mataloni &
Fahim-Nader
Based on preliminary 1994 benchmark survey results.
- 2/94, Gross Product of U.S. Multinational Companies, 1977-91, Mataloni
& Goldberg
Presents estimates of gross product of nonbank U.S. multinational companies
based on benchmark and annual surveys of U.S. direct investment abroad.
- 10/91, U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: 1989 Benchmark Survey Results,
Lowe & Mataloni
Based on preliminary 1989 benchmark survey results.
- 5/86, U.S. Merchandise Trade Associated with U.S. Multinational Companies,
Barker
Based on 1982 benchmark survey data.
- 12/85, 1982 Benchmark Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, Whichard
& Shea
Summary of 1982 benchmark survey data.
- 2/83, Gross Product of U.S. Multinational Companies, 1977, Howenstine
Based on 1977 data.
- 4/82, Growth of U.S. Multinational Companies, 1966-77, Howenstine
Based on 1966 and 1977 data.
- 2/82, Employment and Employee Compensation of U.S. Multinational Companies,
Whichard
Based on 1977 data.
- 10/81, Profile of U.S. Multinational Companies in 1977, Barker
Based on 1977 data.
- 4/81, 1977 Benchmark Survey of U.S. Direct Investment Abroad, International
Investment Division
Summary of 1977 benchmark survey data.
- 8/78, Relationship Between Age and Rate of Return of Foreign Manufacturing
Affiliates of U.S. Manufacturing Parent Companies, Lupo, Gilbert, &
Liliestedt
Based on 1966 data.
- 2/77, Gross Product of Foreign Affiliates of U.S. Companies, Howenstine
Based on l966-70 sample data; includes 1966 universe estimates for foreign
affiliates.
- 5/74, U.S. Multinational Companies: Profitability, Financial Leverage,
and Effective Income Tax Rate, Leftwich
Based on l966-70 sample data.
- 10/73, Employment and Payroll Costs of U.S. Multinational Companies,
Barker & Kraseman
Based on 1966-70 sample data.
- 1/73, Worldwide Sales by U.S. Multinational Companies, Lupo
Based on 1966-70 sample data.
- 12/72, U.S. Foreign Trade Associated with U.S. Multinational Companies,
Barker
Based on 1966-70 sample data.
Top
E. Other Publications and Articles on U.S. Direct
Investment Abroad
Publication date, title, comments
- 3/99, INTERNATIONAL DIRECT INVESTMENT: Studies by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis
The publication brings together a number of key studies by the Bureau
of Economic Analysis (BEA) on U.S. direct investment abroad and foreign
direct investment in the United States. The studies cover such topics
as the characteristics of multinational companies, including their profitability,
productivity, and sourcing patterns; measures of direct investment that
are valued in current-period prices; and supplemental balance of payments
frameworks that incorporate information on ownership from BEA's direct
investment surveys. These studies were originally published in the
Survey of Current Business, BEA's monthly journal. This publication
also includes users' guides to BEA's statistics on direct investment
and detailed methodologies from BEA's benchmark survey publications
on foreign direct investment in the United States and U.S. direct investment
abroad.
Publication available from GPO, stock
number 003-010-00278-6, price $26.00.
Sources and Uses of Funds:
SCB issue date, title, comments
- 6/79, Sources and Uses of Funds of Majority-Owned Foreign Affiliates
of U.S. Companies, 1973-76
Staff paper, available from the International Investment Division.
- 7/75, Sources and Uses of Funds for a Sample of Majority-Owned Foreign
Affiliates of U.S. Companies, 1966-72
SCB article by Mantel.
- 11/70, Sources and Uses of Funds of Foreign Affiliates of U.S. Firms,
1967-68
SCB article by Belli.
Top
Sales by Majority-Owned Foreign Affiliates of U.S. Companies:
Sales data were collected in an annual sample survey for 1966-76. For
1977 and 1982, they were collected in the 1977 and 1982 benchmark surveys
(see section I.D.); they were not collected for 1978-81.
Beginning with 1983, sales data have been collected annually as part of
the annual survey of the operations of U.S. parent companies and their
foreign affiliates (see section I.B.).
SCB issue, year covered, author, comments
- 3/78, 1976, Chung
- 2/77, 1975, Chung
- 5/76, 1974, Chung
- 8/75, 1973, Chung - Estimates for 1966-72 revised.
Top
Statistics on U.S. Multinational Companies:
SCB issue, title, comments
U.S. Intrafirm Trade in Goods:
SCB issue, title, comments
- 2/97, U.S. Intrafirm Trade in
Goods
SCB article by Zeile examines trends and patterns in U.S. intrafirm
trade in goods associated with U.S. and foreign multinational companies
in 1977-94. Analyzes the relative importance of intrafirm trade in total
U.S. trade in goods with major trading-partner countries in 1992.
Top
II. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES (FDIUS)
A. Direct Investment
Position and Related Balance of Payments Flows
Preliminary annual estimates are published in the summer of the year
following the year covered; revised estimates are published a year later.
Written analyses of data for the most recent year are based on preliminary
estimates. Prior to 1996, quarterly estimates of the flows (but not the
position) were published, in limited detail, in the U.S. international
transactions articles in the March, June, September, and December Survey of Current Business (SCB) issues. Beginning in 1996, these
articles appeared in the April, July, October, and January SCB.
From 1985 to 1993, summary estimates of the position and a brief analysis
of current developments appeared in the June SCB as part of the
article on the U.S. international investment position (see
section IV.A). In 1994 and 1995, these estimates and analyses appeared
in a separate article in the June SCB. Detailed tables on the position
and related capital and income flows appeared in the August SCB
(July in 1993). In earlier years, both detailed tables and an analysis
usually had appeared in the August SCB. Beginning in 1996, summary
estimates of the position and analyses appeared in an article in the July
SCB, and detailed tables on the position and related capital and
income flows appeared in the September SCB.
Available on BEA's Web site: Data on the historical-cost position
for 1994, 1995,
1996, 1997,
1998, 1999,
2000, 2001,
2002, and 2003
as well as related annual and quarterly
flows of capital and income
for 1994-2004:Q2.
Also available: The 2002-2003 international
investment position of the United States.
Past estimates for one or more years are revised each year, sometimes
because the series have been "rebenchmarked" to a more recent
benchmark survey, or census, of direct investment.
SCB issue, year covered, author, and comments
- 7/04 & 9/04, 2003, Borga & Yorgason
Lowe prepared details of 9/04.
- 7/03 &
9/03, 2002,
Borga
- 7/02, & 9/02,
2001, Borga & Yorgason
- 7/&9/01, 2000, Borga & Mataloni
- 7/&9/00, 1999, Bargas
Lowe prepared details of 9/00.
- 7&9/99, 1998, Bargas & Troia
- 7&9/98, 1997, Bargas
Estimates for 1992-96 re-benchmarked to 1992 benchmark survey.
- 7&9/97, 1996, Bargas
- 7&9/96, 1995, Bargas
- 6&8/95, 1994, Lowe
- 6&8/94, 1993, Bargas
- 6&7/93, 1992, Bargas
- 6&8/92, 1991, Bezirganian
Estimates for 1982 forward incorporate various methodological changes.
- 6&8/91, 1990, Bezirganian
Estimates for 1987-90 rebenchmarked to 1987 benchmark survey.
- 6&8/90, 1989, Quijano & Bezirganian
- 6&8/89, 1988, Quijano
- 6&8/88, 1987, Quijano
- 6&8/87, 1986, Whichard
- 6&8/86, 1985, Howenstine
- 6&8/85, 1984, Howenstine
- 10/84, 1983, Belli
Estimates for 1980-83 rebenchmarked to 1980 benchmark survey.
- 8/83, 1982, Chung & Fouch
- 8/82, 1981, Howenstine & Fouch
- 8/81, 1980, Chung & Fouch
- 8/80, 1979, Chung & Fouch
- 8/79 pt.2, 1978, Fouch & Lupo
- 8/78, 1977, Chung & Fouch
- 10/77, 1976, Mantel
Position for 1973, and all estimates for 1974-75, rebenchmarked to 1974
survey.
- 8/76, 1975, Lupo & Fouch
- 10/75, 1974, Mantel
Includes 1971-72 final estimates and final 1973 flows.
Top
Data for this series are available electronically from BEA (see
below). Please note that many of the tables that appeared in the August
issues of the 1980-95 SCB do not appear electronically; also, several
tables that are included in the 1987-99 files have not been published
in the SCB. Finally, the data for 1980 and 1981 in the 1980-86
files have not been revised to incorporate methodological changes referred
to above under the comments for SCB issues 6&8/92.
Note: Annual balance of payments and
position tables for foreign direct investment in the United States for
2001-2002 with the exception of those annual tables that accompany the
quarterly data have been superceded. The tables showing the revised data
and new data for 2003 will be posted here soon.
FDIUS: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Estimates,
1997-2002, BEA product ID number IID03-14
Free Downloads: (EXE) (ZIP)
FDIUS: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Estimates,
1987-99, BEA product ID number IID03-15
Free Downloads: (EXE) (ZIP)
FDIUS: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Estimates,
1980-86, BEA product ID number IDN-0066
Free Downloads: (EXE) (ZIP)
Other Articles and Publications on Direct Investment Flows, Position,
and Income:
Publication date, title, and comments
Top
B. Operations of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign
Companies
Data are from benchmark and sample surveys of foreign direct investment
in the United States. The surveys collects financial and operating data
of the U.S. affiliates of foreign direct investors, such as balance sheets,
income statements, employment and compensation of employees, trade in
goods, and selected data by State. The first annual survey covered 1977.
Benchmark surveys cover 1987, 1992, and 1997. Data are preliminary when
first published; revised data are published a year later. Articles published
before those listed below presented only reported sample data. Other than
for benchmark years, the listed articles present universe estimates derived
by linking the sample data reported in the annual survey to the preceding
benchmark survey.
Survey of Current Business Articles
SCB issue, year covered, author, and comments
- 8/04, 2002, Zeile
- 8/03, 2001, Zeile
- 8/02, 2000, Zeile
- 8/01, 1999, Zeile
- 8/00, 1998, Zeile
- 8/99, 1997, Zeile
- 6/98, 1996, Zeile
The article is combined with the one on the acquisition and establishment
of U.S. businesses by foreign direct investors in 1997.
- 6/97, 1995, Zeile
The article is combined with the one on the acquisition and establishment
of U.S. businesses by foreign direct investors in 1996.
- 7/96, 1994, Zeile
The article is combined with the one on the acquisition and establishment
of U.S. businesses by foreign direct investors in 1995.
- 5/95, 1993, Zeile
The article is combined with the one on the acquisition and establishment
of U.S. businesses by foreign direct investors in 1994.
- 7/94, 1992, Zeile
- 5/93, 1991, Bezirganian
- 5/92, 1990, Bezirganian
- 7/91, 1989, Bezirganian
- 7/90, 1988, Howenstine
- 7/89, 1987, Howenstine
- 5/88, 1986, Howenstine
- 5/87, 1985, Howenstine
- 10/86, 1984, Shea
- 11/85, 1983, Howenstine
- 12/84, 1982, Howenstine
- 11/83, 1981, Howenstine
Top
NOTE: For 1977-80 data, see the sub-section
below on Other Articles or Publications on the Operations of U.S.
Affiliates.
For 1987, 1992, and 1997, and for certain earlier years, see the information
on Benchmark Surveys in section II.E.
Space constraints prevent publication of full details in the SCB
articles. Supplementary tables--currently about 70 for each year--are
available as separate publications. The publications for 1981-90 are available
from NTIS, see below
for product numbers and per copy domestic and foreign prices. (Click on
NTIS for shipping and
handling fees.) The 1991 and 1993-94 publications are available from BEA.
The 1995-96 and 1998 publications are available from GPO;
(see GPO for current prices). Estimates for years 1977-86, 1988-91, 1993-96,
and 1998-2000 may be obtained from BEA as a free download (for 1987, 1992,
and 1997, see section II.E.). BEA product ID and GPO
stock numbers for the publications, and BEA ID numbers for the downloadable
files, are shown below.
NOTE: The main title of the FDIUS
publications is: Foreign Direct Investment in the United States:
Operations of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies with the
following subtitles. (For information on How to Order
for purchasing go to first section.)
Comprehensive financial and operating data
Subtitles
- Preliminary Results for the 2002 Benchmark Survey | XLS (EXE) (ZIP)
- Revised 2001 Estimates | XLS (EXE) (ZIP)
- Revised 2000 Estimates | XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1999 Estimates PDF (EXE)
(ZIP) | XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1998 Estimates PDF (EXE)
(ZIP) | XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication : 003-010-00292-1
- Final 1997 Estimates PDF | XLS (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00289-1
- Revised 1996 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0233 (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00279-4
- Revised 1995 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0200 (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-00274-3 (No longer available.)
- Revised 1994 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.): IPN-0234
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0061 (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1993 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.): IPN-0202
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0059 (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1992 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.): IPN-0202
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0058 (EXE)
(ZIP)
GPO stock # publication: 003-010-0259-0
- Revised 1991 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.): IPN-0063
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0057 (EXE)
(ZIP)
- Revised 1990 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0056 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB93-216224
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1989 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0055 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB93-108934
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1988 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0054 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB92-113844
NTIS domestic price/copy: $34.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $68.00
- Revised 1987 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0053 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB91-108316
NTIS domestic price/copy: $67.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $135.00
- Revised 1986 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0052 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB90-114083
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1985 Estimates
BEA product ID # (pub.)
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0051 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB89-121768
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1984 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0050 (EXE) (ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB88-100565
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1983 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0049 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB87-125019
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1982 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0048 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB86-161908
NTIS domestic price/copy: $31.50
NTIS foreign price/copy: $64.00
- Revised 1981 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0047 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: PB96-170386
NTIS domestic price/copy: $27.00
NTIS foreign price/copy: $54.00
- Revised 1980 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0046 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: 1977-80 in 1 vol.(see below)
- Revised 1979 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0045 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: 1977-80 in 1 vol.(see below)
- Revised 1978 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0044 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: 1977-80 in 1 vol.(see below)
- Revised 1977 Estimates
BEA product ID # (files): IDN-0043 (EXE)
(ZIP)
NTIS product # publication: 1977-80 in 1 vol.(see below)
Top
NOTE: For other years, including 1987, 1992, and 1997,
see the information on benchmark surveys in section II.E.
Other Publications or Articles on the Operations of U.S. Affiliates
SCB issue or publication date, title, and comments
- 3/00, An
Examination of the Low Rates of Return of Foreign-Owned U.S. Companies
In 1988-97, the average rate of return on assets (ROA) of foreign-owned
nonfinancial companies, at 5.1 percent, was 2.2 percentage points below
that of U.S.-owned companies; over the period, the ROA gap narrowed
to about 1 percentage point in 1997. Among several factors that may
help explain the lower ROA of foreign-owned companies, age and market
share were found to be significant, and industry mix and shifting of
profits outside the United States using transfer prices were found to
be relatively insignificant. These findings are based on newly developed
estimates of the rate of return for foreign-owned U.S. nonfinancial
companies that are disaggregated by industry and valued in current-period
prices.
- 3/99, INTERNATIONAL DIRECT INVESTMENT: Studies by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis
The publication brings together a number of key studies by the Bureau
of Economic Analysis (BEA) on U.S. direct investment abroad and foreign
direct investment in the United States. The studies cover such topics
as the characteristics of multinational companies, including their profitability,
productivity, and sourcing patterns; measures of direct investment that
are valued in current-period prices; and supplemental balance of payments
frameworks that incorporate information on ownership from BEA's direct
investment surveys. These studies were originally published in the
Survey of Current Business, BEA's monthly journal. This publication
also includes users' guides to BEA's statistics on direct investment
and detailed methodologies from BEA's benchmark survey publications
on foreign direct investment in the United States and U.S. direct investment
abroad.
Publication available from GPO, stock number 003-010-00278-6, price
$26.00.
- 4/98, The
Domestic Orientation of Production and Sales by U.S. Manufacturing Affiliates
of Foreign Companies
SCB article by Zeile compares the domestic content of output of U.S.
manufacturing affiliates of foreign companies with that of other U.S.
manufacturing companies. The article also examines the extent to which
U.S. manufacturing affiliates rely on foreign sources for their intermediate
inputs and whether the affiliates' production is intended for U.S. or
foreign markets.
- 2/97, U.S. Intrafirm
Trade in Goods
SCB article by Zeile examines trends and patterns in U.S. intrafirm
trade in goods associated with U.S. and foreign multinational companies
in 1977-94. Analyzes the relative importance of intrafirm trade in total
U.S. trade in goods with major trading-partner countries in 1992.
- 10/93, Merchandise Trade of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies
SCB article by Zeile examines BEA's data on U.S.-affiliate trade in
goods for 1977-91. It compares the trade in goods of U.S. affiliates
with that of all U.S. businesses and analyzes trade patterns by investing
country.
- 11/92, Gross Product of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign
Direct Investors, 1987-90
Tables published in SCB article. Presents estimates of gross product
of U.S. affiliates for 1987-90 (1987 data replace those in the 6/90
SCB article mentioned below).
- 6/90, Gross Product of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies, 1977-87
SCB article by Lowe presents estimates of gross product of U.S. affiliates
of foreign companies for 1977-87. Analyzes patterns of growth by industry
of affiliate and country of ultimate beneficial owner and compares affiliate
data to all-U.S.-business data. 1987 data later revised (see above).
- 2/90, A
Guide to BEA Statistics on Foreign Direct Investment in the United States
SCB article by Quijano.
- 7/85, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States:
Operations of U.S. Affiliates, 1977-80
Publication presents universe estimates for 1977-79 and revised benchmark
survey data for 1980 on the operations of U.S. affiliates of foreign
direct investors. Available from NTIS, product number PB85-240604, domestic
price $51.00, foreign price $103.00, per paper copy. (Click on NTIS
for shipping and handling fees.) Also available electronically from
BEA (see above).
Top
C. Establishment Data from BEA-Census Link
Detailed establishment data for U.S. affiliates of foreign companies
obtained from a project that links Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) enterprise,
or company, data on foreign direct investment in the United States with
the Census Bureau's establishment data for all U.S. companies. The data
are presented by detailed industry, by country of ultimate beneficial
owner, and by State.
SCB issue or publication date, title, and comments
- 3/03, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States:
Establishment Data for 1997
Data are shown for the number, employment, payroll, and shipments
or sales of foreign-owned U.S. establishments. For manufacturing establishments,
data are presented on a number of additional items, including value
added, employee benefits, hourly wage rates of production workers, and
expenditures for plant and equipment. Publication available from GPO,
$48.00, stock number 003-010-00295-6.
Electronic files available from BEA. Zipped spreadsheet (XLS) files
IID03-03 (EXE) (ZIP). Zipped PDF files IID03-04 (EXE)
(ZIP).
Methodology | PDF
- 5/99, Regional
Patterns in the Location of Foreign-Owned U.S. Manufacturing Establishments
, Zeile, Shannon, & Johnson
SCB article analyzes the employment of foreign-owned manufacturing establishments
by BEA economic area. Particular attention is given to regional patterns
for "greenfield" establishments set up by foreign direct investors
in 1987-92.
- 6/97, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States:
Establishment Data for 1992
Data are shown for the number, employment, payroll, and shipments
or sales of foreign-owned U.S. establishments. For manufacturing establishments,
data are presented on a number of additional items, including value
added, employee benefits, hourly wage rates of production workers, and
expenditures for plant and equipment. Publication available from GPO,
$35.00, stock number 003-010-00265-4.
Electronic files available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0077 (EXE) (ZIP).
Methodology | PDF
- 3/96, Differences in Foreign-Owned
U.S. Manufacturing Establishments by Country of Owner
SCB article by Howenstine & Shannon is the second in a
series of articles that examine the characteristics of foreign-owned
U.S. manufacturing establishments, based on 1991 data from BEA-Census
link.
- 1/94, Characteristics of
Foreign-Owned U.S. Manufacturing Establishments
SCB article by Howenstine & Zeile is the first in a series
of articles that examine the characteristics of foreign-owned U.S. manufacturing
establishments, based on 1990 data from BEA-Census link.
- 10/92, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Establishment
Data for 1987
SCB article by Howenstine and Zeile provides summary data and analysis.
- 6/92, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Establishment
Data for 1987
Data are shown for the number, employment, payroll, and shipments
or sales of foreign-owned U.S. establishments. They are broken down
by industry (over 800 industries covering all major industry divisions
of the Standard Industrial Classification), by State, and by country
of investor. Publication available from BEA, $36.00, BEA product ID
number IPN-0068.
Electronic files also available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0072 (EXE) (ZIP).
- Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Establishment
Data for Manufacturing:
Data are shown for the number of foreign-owned U.S. manufacturing plants
and measures of their operations, including value added, shipments,
employment, total compensation of employees, employee benefits, hourly
wage rates of production workers, cost of materials and energy used,
inventories by stage of fabrication.
Methodology available on BEA's Web site
- 9/94, 1991
Publication available from BEA, $14.00, BEA product ID number IPN-0190.
Electronic files available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0076
(EXE) (ZIP).
- 8/93, 1990
Publication available from BEA, $14.00, BEA product ID number IPN-0071.
Electronic files available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0075
(EXE) (ZIP).
- 9/93, 1989
Publication available from BEA, $13.00, BEA product ID number IPN-0070.
Electronic files available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0074
(EXE) (ZIP).
- 5/94, 1988
Publication available from BEA, $13.00, BEA product ID number IPN-0069.
Electronic files available from BEA, BEA ID number IDN-0073
(EXE) (ZIP).
Top
D. U.S. Business Enterprises Acquired or Established
by Foreign Direct Investors
Data are from an annual survey of U.S. businesses newly acquired or established
by foreign direct investors during the year. The first survey covered
1979. Data are preliminary when first published; revised data are published
a year later.
Survey of Current Business Articles
SCB issue, year covered, author, comments
- 6/04, 2003,
Anderson
This article presents new investments of U.S. business enterprises acquired
or established by foreign direct investors in 2003.
- 6/03, 2002, Anderson
This article presents new investments of U.S. business enterprises acquired
or established by foreign direct investors in 2002.
- 6/02, 2001, Anderson
This article presents new investments of U.S. business enterprises acquired
or established by foreign direct investors in 2001.
- 6/01, 2000, Howenstine
This article presents new investments of U.S. business enterprises acquired
or established by foreign direct investors in 2000.
- 6/00, 1999, Howenstine &
Troia
This article presents new investments of U.S. business enterprises acquired
or established by foreign direct investors for 1999 under both the US
SIC and NAICS.
- 6/99, 1998, Fahim-Nader
This article is separate from the overall operations of U.S. affiliates
of foreign companies in 1997 and presents data for 1998.
- 6/98, 1997, Fahim-Nader
The article is combined with the one on the overall operations of U.S.
affiliates of foreign companies in 1996.
- 6/97, 1996, Fahim-Nader
The article is combined with the one on the overall operations of U.S.
affiliates of foreign companies in 1995.
- 7/96, 1995, Fahim-Nader
The article is combined with the one on the overall operations of U.S.
affiliates of foreign companies in 1994.
- 5/95, 1994, Fahim-Nader
The article is combined with the one on the overall operations of U.S.
affiliates of foreign companies in 1993.
- 5/94, 1993, Fahim-Nader
- 5/93, 1992, Fahim-Nader
- 5/92, 1991, Fahim-Nader
- 5/91, 1990, Fahim-Nader
First estimates to incorporate an adjustment for late reports.
- 5/90, 1989, Bezirganian
- 5/89, 1988, Herr
- 5/88, 1987, Herr
- 5/87, 1986, Herr
- 5/86, 1985, Shea
- 5/85, 1984, Shea
- 5/84, 1983, Belli
- 6/83, 1982, Belli
- 6/82, 1981, Belli
- 8/81, 1980, Belli
- 1/81, 1979, Belli
Top
Space constraints prevent publication of full details in the SCB articles.
Supplementary tables are available as free downloadable compressed files
for years beginning with 1980 (click on link below).
Comprehensive data
U.S. Business Enterprises Acquired or Established
by Foreign Direct Investors
Supplementary Tables
- 1998-2002 revised and 2003 preliminary
PDF (EXE) (ZIP)
XLS (EXE) (ZIP)
Comments: Data are presented under NAICS.
- 1992-97 revised
BEA ID#: IDN-0262 (EXE)
(ZIP)
Comments: Data are under US SIC up to 1997.
- 1980-91 revised
BEA ID#: IDN-0078 (EXE)
(ZIP)
Top
E. Benchmark Surveys
and Related Articles
Benchmark surveys are periodic surveys of the universe of foreign direct
investment in the United States. In addition to the direct investment
position and related capital and income flows, they cover a wide range
of operating and financial data of U.S. affiliates of foreign direct investors,
such as balance sheets, income statements, external financing, employment
and compensation of employees, trade in goods, and selected data by State.
Preliminary data from the 2002 benchmark survey are presented in XLS format
in Foreign Direct Investment in the
United States: 2002 Benchmark Survey, Preliminary Results (
EXE ZIP).
Final data from the 1992 benchmark survey are presented in Foreign
Direct Investment in the United States: 1992 Benchmark Survey, Final Results.
The publication is available from GPO,
stock number 003-010-00259-0, price $25.00.
The data are also available as electronic files from BEA, BEA ID number
IDN-0058 (EXE) (ZIP).
Methodology available on
BEA's Web site.
Final data from the 1987 benchmark survey are presented in Foreign
Direct Investment in the United States: 1987 Benchmark Survey, Final Results.
The publication is available from NTIS,
product number PB91-108316, domestic price $67.50, foreign price $135.00.
(Click on NTIS for shipping
and handling fees.)
The data are also available as electronic files from BEA, BEA ID number
IDN-0053 (EXE) (ZIP).
Data from the 1980 benchmark survey are presented in Foreign Direct Investment
in the United States, 1980, available from NTIS,
product number PB84-117969, domestic price $67.50, foreign price $135.00.
(Click on NTIS for shipping
and handling fees.)
Analytical articles that draw on data from the benchmark surveys are:
SCB issue, year covered, author, and comments
- 8/04, Operations of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies: Preliminary Results from the 2002 Benchmark Survey, Zeile
- 8/99, Foreign Direct Investment
in the United States: Preliminary Results from the 1997 Benchmark Survey, Zeile
Summary of 1997 benchmark survey data (preliminary).
- 7/94, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: 1992
Benchmark Survey Results, Zeile
Summary of 1992 benchmark survey data (preliminary).
- 7/89, U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies: 1987 Benchmark
Survey Results, Howenstine
Summary of 1987 benchmark survey data (preliminary).
- 10/83, Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Highlights
from the 1980 Benchmark Survey, Belli
Summary of 1980 benchmark survey data.
- 1/79, Gross Product of U.S. Affiliates of Foreign Companies,
Howenstine
Based on 1974 data.
- 12/78, Employment and Employee Compensation of U.S. Affiliates
of Foreign Companies, 1974, Whichard
- 5/76, Benchmark Survey of Foreign Direct Investment in the
United States, 1974, International Investment Division
Summary of 1974 benchmark survey data.
Top
Beginning with 1990, an article in the September issue of the SCB has
presented detailed data on cross-border services transactions and on sales
of services by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. companies and
by majority-owned U.S. affiliates of foreign companies. In addition to
the articles and publications listed below, from June 1990 onward, the
quarterly articles on U.S. international transactions include a table
on U.S. private services transactions.
NOTE: Beginning with 1996, the article on detailed data
on cross-border services transactions and on sales of services by majority-owned
foreign affiliates of U.S. companies and by majority-owned U.S. affiliates
of foreign companies appeared in the October SCB.
Publication date or SCB issue, title, author, and comments
- 10/03, U.S
International Services: Cross-Border Trade in 2002 and Sales through
Affiliates in 2001, Borga & Mann
1999-2002 for cross-border; 2000-2001 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 10/02, U.S. International Services:
Cross-Border Trade in 2001 and Sales through Affiliates in 2000,
Borga & Mann
1998-2001 for cross-border; 1999-2000 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 11/01, U.S. International Services:
Cross-Border Trade in 2000 and Sales through Affiliates in 1999,
Mann & Borga
1997-2000 for cross-border; 1998-99 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 10/99, U.S. International Services: Cross-Border
Trade in 1998 and Sales through Affiliates in 1997, Mann, Brokenbaugh
& Bargas
1995-98 for cross-border; 1996-97 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 10/98, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of
Private Services, Mann, Brokenbaugh & Bargas
1994-97 for cross-border; 1995-96 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 10/97, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of
Private Services; Mann, Atherton, Brokenbaugh & Bargas
1993-96 for cross-border; 1994-95 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 11/96, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Private Services;
Mann, Atherton, Brokenbaugh & Bargas
1992-95 for cross-border; 1993-94 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 9/95, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Private Services;
Mann, Atherton & Bargas
1991-94 for cross-border; 1992-93 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 9/94, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Private Services,
Sondheimer & Bargas
1990-93 for cross-border; 1991-92 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
Includes a box on Channels of Delivery to Foreign Markets and a technical
note on Cross-Border Transactions in Construction and Related Services.
- 9/93, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Private Services,
Sondheimer & Bargas
1989-92 for cross-border; 1990-91 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 9/92, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Private Services,
Sondheimer & Bargas
1986-91 for cross-border; 1989-90 for sales by of majority-owned affiliates.
Includes a discussion of changes in methodology.
- 9/91, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Services,
DiLullo & Whichard
1987-90 for cross-border; 1988-89 for sales by majority-owned affiliates.
- 9/90, U.S. International Sales and Purchases of Services,
DiLullo & Whichard
1986-89 for cross border sales; 1986-88 for sales by majority-owned
foreign affiliates of U.S. companies; 1987-88 for sales by majority-owned
U.S. affiliates of foreign companies. Includes a section describing
the data.
- 10/88, International Services: New Information on U.S. Transactions
with Unaffiliated Foreigners, Whichard
Results of BEA's benchmark survey, covering 1986, of selected U.S. international
services transactions.
- 6/88, U.S. Multinational Companies: Operations in 1986,
Whichard
Includes a section that updates the article listed below.
- 1/87, U.S. Sales of Services to Foreigners, Whichard
Contains (1) a summary of sources of information on U.S. sales of services
to foreigners, and (2) an analysis of sales of services by U.S. MNC's
during 1982-84
- 9/84, U.S. International Trade and Investment in Services:
Data Needs and Availability, Whichard
Staff paper available on request from IID.
Top
Free Downloadable Data: "U.S.
International Services: Cross-Border Trade and Sales Through Affiliates,
1986-2002," with estimates of cross-border transactions for 1986-2002
and of transactions by majority-owned affiliates for 1989-2001.
NOTE: An article on trends in services transactions,
"Services Transactions in the U.S. International Accounts, 1970-80,"
by Anthony DiLullo, appeared in the November 1981 issue of the Survey.
Other Articles and Publications on U.S.
International Sales and Purchases of Services:
Publication date, title, comments
- 3/98, U.S.
International Transactions in Private Services: A Guide to the Surveys
Conducted by the Bureau of Economic Analysis
Provides comprehensive information on BEA's 11 surveys of services transactions
between U.S. residents and unaffiliated foreigners. The Guide presents
general information about the classification, definitions, and release
schedules of all of the surveys. It also provides details for each survey
on the transactions covered, the frequency of the surveys, the numbers
of respondents, and the methods that BEA uses to prepare the estimates.
The publication is free of charge. Single copies may be obtained by
writing to: Research Branch (BE-50), International Investment Division,
Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington,
DC 20230
Top
IV. RELATED ARTICLES AND PUBLICATIONS
A. The International Investment
Position of the United States
From June 1985 through June 1993 SCB, the articles on the U.S. international
investment position include separate, brief analyses of the direct investment
positions (measured at historical cost) for U.S. direct investment abroad
and foreign direct investment in the United States. In 1994 and 1995,
these analyses appear in a separate article in the June SCB (see
section I.A and section II.A). The article in
the June 1995 issue includes aggregate current cost and market value estimates
of the direct investment positions for 1982-94.
NOTE (1): Beginning with 1996, the articles that used
to appear in the June issue of the SCB appeared in the July issue.
NOTE (2): The May 1991 SCB article, "Valuation
of the U.S. Net International Investment Position," by Landefeld
& Lawson, reviews the issues surrounding the valuation of the U.S.
net international investment position and presents revalued estimates
for direct investment, for U.S. gold reserves, and for the international
investment position. The article describes two alternative methods for
valuing direct investment in prices of the current period, presents estimates
of the direct investment totals for 1982-89 that are prepared using these
methods, and compares these estimates with BEA's existing historical-cost
estimates and with current-value estimates from several earlier studies.
Beginning with the article published in June 1991, the articles listed
below show estimates of the position valued at current cost and market
value only.
NOTE (3): (HTML) Table for the 2002-2003 international
investment position of the United States is now available.
SCB issue, year covered, author, comments
- 7/04, 2003, Abaroa
- 7/03, 2002,
Nguyen
- 7/02, 2001, Nguyen
- 7/01, 2000, King
- 7/00, 1999, Scholl
- 7/99, 1998, Scholl
- 7/98, 1997, Scholl
- 7/97, 1996, Scholl
- 7/96, 1995, Scholl
- 6/95, 1994, Scholl
- 6/94, 1993, Scholl
- 6/93, 1992, Scholl
- 6/92, 1991, Scholl
- 6/91, 1990, Scholl
- 6/90, 1989, Scholl
- 6/89, 1988, Scholl
- 6/88, 1987, Scholl
- 6/87, 1986, Scholl
- 6/86, 1985, Scholl
- 6/85, 1984, Scholl
- 6/84, 1983, Scholl
- 8/83, 1982, Scholl
- 8/82, 1981, Scholl
- 8/81, 1980, Scholl
- 8/80, 1979, Scholl
- 8/79, 1978, Scholl (article is in Pt. 2 of this issue)
- 8/78, 1977, Scholl
- 10/77, 1976, Scholl
- 8/76, 1975, Scholl
- 10/75, 1974, Scholl
Top
B. U.S. International Transactions
A discussion of the prior quarter's balance of payments transactions
appears in the March, June, September, and December SCB issues.
Beginning in 1996, these articles appeared in the April, July, October,
and January SCB.
Other analytical SCB articles include:
SCB issue, title, authors
- 7/04, Annual Revision of the U.S. International Accounts, 1989-2003, Christopher
L. Bach
- 7/03, Annual
Revision of the U.S. International Accounts, 1992-2002, Christopher
L. Bach
- 1/03, An Ownership-Based
Framework of the U.S. Current Account, 1989-2001, Lowe
- 7/02, Annual Revision of the
U.S. International Accounts, 1993-2001, Christopher L. Bach
- 4/02, An Ownership-Based Framework
of the U.S. Current Account, 1989-99, Lowe
- 7/01, U.S. International Transactions,
Revised Estimates for 1989-2000, Christopher L. Bach
- 1/01, An Ownership-Based Framework
of the U.S. Current Account, 1982-98, Lowe
- 7/00, U.S. International Transactions,
Revised Estimates for 1982-99, Christopher L. Bach
- 1/00, An Ownership-Based Disaggregation
of the U.S. Current Account, 1982-97, Lowe
- 7/99, U.S. International Transactions, Revised Estimates
for 1982-98, Christopher L. Bach
- 12/98, An Ownership-Based Disaggregation
of the U.S. Current Account, 1982-96, Lowe
- 7/97, U.S. International Transactions, Revised Estimates
for 1974-96, Christopher L. Bach
- 10/95, An Ownership-Based Disaggregation of the U.S.
Current Account, 1982-93, Whichard & Lowe
- 12/93, Alternative Frameworks for
U.S. International Transactions, Landefeld, Whichard, &
Lowe
- 5/91, Valuation of the U.S. Net International
Investment Position, Landefeld & Lawson
Top
C. Other Related Publications
or Articles
Publication date, title, comments
- 3/99, INTERNATIONAL DIRECT INVESTMENT: Studies by the Bureau of
Economic Analysis
The publication brings together a number of key studies by the Bureau
of Economic Analysis (BEA) on U.S. direct investment abroad and foreign
direct investment in the United States. The studies cover such topics
as the characteristics of multinational companies, including their profitability,
productivity, and sourcing patterns; measures of direct investment that
are valued in current-period prices; and supplemental balance of payments
frameworks that incorporate information on ownership from BEA's direct
investment surveys. These studies were originally published in the Survey
of Current Business, BEA's monthly journal. This publication also includes
users' guides to BEA's statistics on direct investment and detailed
methodologies from BEA's benchmark survey publications on foreign direct
investment in the United States and U.S. direct investment abroad.
Publication available from GPO, stock
number 003-010-00278-6, price $26.00.
SCB issue date, title, authors
- 8/92, Rates of Return on Direct Investment, Landefeld, Lawson,
& Weinberg
II International Investment Division
BP Balance of Payments Division
U.S. Direct Investment Abroad:
Subject, division, and contact
- Benchmark Survey: Patricia C. Walker - (202) 606-5566
- Annual Survey, II, James Shin - (202) 606-5566
- Quarterly and Annual Balance of Payments: Data, II, Mark W. New -
(202) 606-5566
- Quarterly and Annual Balance of Payments: Analysis, II, Daniel Yorgason
- (202) 606-9804
- U.S. Multinational Corporations, Analysis of Activities, II, Raymond
J. Mataloni - (202) 606-9867
Top
Foreign Direct Investment in the United
States:
Subject, division, and contact
- Benchmark and Annual Surveys: Data, II, Joseph F. Cherry, III - (202)
606-5577
- Benchmark and Annual Surveys: Analysis, II, William J. Zeile - (202)
606-9893
- Quarterly and Annual Balance of Payments: Data, II, Gregory G. Fouch
- (202) 606-5577
- Quarterly and Annual Balance of Payments: Analysis, II, Maria Borga
- (202) 606-9853
- New Investment Survey: Data, II, Dorrett E. Williams - (202) 606-5577
- New Investment Survey: Analysis, II, Thomas Anderson - (202) 606-9879
- Establishment-level (Linked) Data, II, Thomas Anderson - (202) 606-9879
Services: U.S. Transactions with Unaffiliated
Foreigners:
Subject, division, and contact
- Benchmark and Annual Financial Services Surveys, II, Faith Brannam
- (202) 606-9813
- Benchmark and Annual Selected Services Surveys, II, Chris Emond -
(202) 606-9826
- Other Annual Surveys, except International Transportation and Travel,
II, Rafael I. Font - (202) 606-9830
- Analysis, BPD, Michael A. Mann - (202) 606-9573
Top
Services: Sales by Affiliates
Division and contact
- II, Maria Borga - (202) 606-9853
Balance of Payments:
Subject, division, and contact
- Balance of Payments, BP, Christopher L. Bach - (202) 606-9545
- Current Account Analysis, BP, STAFF - (202) 606-9558
- Current Account Estimates, BP, Michael Mann - (202) 606-9573
- Foreign Military Sales, BP, Edward F. Dozier - (202) 606-9592
- Government Transactions, BP, STAFF - (202) 606-9574
- International Transportation, BP, Edward F. Dozier - (202) 606-9559
- International Travel, BP, Joan E. Bolyard - (202) 606-9550
- Trade in Goods, BP, Kwok Lee - (202) 606-3384
- Private Capital Transactions, BP, Christopher Gohrband - (202) 606-9564
- Special Studies, BP,John W. Rutter - (202) 606-9587
Top
BEA Public Information Office: (202) 606-9900
Order forms
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