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| Regional Energy Profile |
| NORTHEAST DATA ABSTRACT | ||
| Return to Regional Energy Profiles Home Page CONTENTS: LINKS: New England Appliance Report 2001 New England Residential Energy Map 2000 New England Energy Potential Map Middle Atlantic Appliance Report 2001 Middle Atlantic Residential Energy Map 2000 Middle Atlantic Energy Potential Map U.S. Census Regions and Divisions Map | The six New England States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut) and the three Middle Atlantic States (New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) make up the Northeast Census Region in the eastern United States (see U.S. Census Regions and Divisions map). Together, they consumed 14 quadrillion Btu of energy in 1997, compared with the U.S. total of 94 quadrillion Btu. More than four-fifths of the Northeast's population of 52 million lives in urban areas. New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Pittsburgh, and Buffalo are the five most populous cities. The 1997 gross state product for the Northeast was $1.8 trillion out of a U.S. total of $8.1 trillion. The State of New York alone accounted for 37 percent of the regional total. Personal income per capita of $33,149 is higher in the Northeast than in the United States as a whole ($28,518), and unemployment is lower (3.7 percent compared with 4.0 percent in July 2000). Fossil fuel resources consist mainly of coal and natural gas in Pennsylvania and natural gas in New York. Known indigenous fossil fuel resources in New England are scarce to nonexistent. Dairy products and nursery and greenhouse crops are the major agricultural products, and mercantile and service, office, and education activities predominate in the commercial sector. Of energy-intensive industry sales in the Northeast, chemicals and forest products account for the largest share of total sales by those industries. Winter heating fuel supplies and prices are of primary interest in the Northeast, where winters are colder than in the United States as a whole. Of the 20 million households in the region, 9.2 million rely on natural gas as the main heating fuel, 7.1 million on fuel oil, and 2.3 million on electricity. Of all the commercial floor space in the Northeast, 45 percent is heated with natural gas and 34 percent with fuel oil. Summer weather is milder than the U.S. average. Not surprisingly, a much smaller share of households have electric central air-conditioning (8 percent in New England and 28 percent in the Middle Atlantic, compared with 47 percent nationwide). Per-household demand for electricity for air-conditioning is roughly equal to one-third of U.S. average demand. Median energy expenditures by householders in the Northeast were $1,529 in 1997. The retail price of electricity to households in New England is significantly higher than in the country as a whole. But because fuel oil and natural gas, which are lower-cost fuels, account for a greater share of Northeast energy use, they bring down the overall costs of energy in the region. On average, householders in the Northeast pay about as much per unit of energy as do householders nationwide. Useful solar resources for photovoltaic flat-plate collectors exist throughout the region, and 42 solar roofs have been installed and registered to date. Wind potential is good to excellent in many parts of the region. The 10.4-megawatt Garrett wind project in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, and the 6-megawatt Searsburg wind turbine in Vermont are the largest currently operating wind energy projects in the Northeast. Additional wind energy projects, with a total capacity of 176 - 181 megawatts, are planned. Biomass is used to supply energy to all economic sectors. Power plants use wood waste to generate electricity. Commercial ski resorts use wood from sustainably managed forests to fuel their distributed generation. Other businesses and schools use wood-chip-fired heating systems, and wood is used as a fuel for household heating. The transportation sector uses a small amount of biodiesel fuel from agricultural products. Note: The data presented here are the most recent as of August 2000. | |
| NORTHEAST REGION OVERVIEW | |
| Region comprises | Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont |
| Area | 458,167 sq kilometers (176,898 sq miles) |
| Geographic features | Coastal Plain, Allegheny Plateau, Appalachian Mts., Adirondack Mts., Green Mts., White Mts., Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Lake Champlain, St. Lawrence Seaway, Hudson River, Cape Cod, New York State Barge Canal, Long Island Sound, Niagara Falls |
| Major minerals | Asbestos, beryl, clay, cobalt, emery, granite, gypsum, iron ore, lead, limestone, marble, mica, salt, sandstone, silver, slate, talc, thorium, titanium, zinc |
| Most populous metropolitan areas | New York - Northern New Jersey - Long Island Philadelphia - Wilmington - Atlantic City Boston - Worcester - Lawrence |
| Busiest ports | New York, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Paulsboro (NJ), Marcus Hook (PA), Boston, Portland |
| sTATE ENERGY OFFICES | |
| Connecticut Energy Office | Policy Development and Planning -- Energy, Office of Policy and Management Allan Johanson, Assistant Director |
| Maine Energy Office | Energy Conservation Division, Department of Economic and Community Development Brian Dancause, Supervisor |
| Massachusetts Energy Office | Division of Energy Resources, Department of Economic Development David L. O'Connor, Commissioner |
| New Hampshire Energy Office | Governor's Office of Energy & Community Services Deborah Schachter, Director |
| New Jersey Energy Office | New Jersey Board of Public Utilities, Division of Energy George Riepe, Acting Director |
| New York Energy Office | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) William R. Howell, Chairman, and F. William Valentino, President |
| Pennsylvania Energy Office | Office of Pollution and Compliance Assistance Department of Environmental Protection Edwin Pinero, Director of Program Operations |
| Rhode Island Energy Office | Rhode Island State Energy Office Samuel S. Reid, Washington Director |
| Vermont Energy Office | Energy Efficiency Division, Vermont Deparment of Public Service Richard Sedano, Commissioner |
| ECONOMIC PROFILE |
| Figure 1. The Northeast Census Region consumed 8 thousand Btu of energy for each dollar of gross state product in 1997. By comparison, U.S. energy consumption averaged 12 thousand Btu per dollar. |
| *New England States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Sources: For energy consumption, Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_states.html. For gross state product, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/gsp/current.htm. |
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| Population (July 1, 1999) | 52 million | 273 million |
| Gross State Product (1997) | $1.8 trillion | $8.1 trillion |
| Economic growth (1996 to 1997) | 5.5% | 6.2% |
| New privately owned housing units authorized (1999) | 0.2 million | 1.7 million |
| Civilian labor force (July 2000) | 26 million | 140 million |
| Unemployment rate (July 2000) | 3.7% | 4.0% |
| Income | ||
| Personal income (1999) | $1.7 trillion | $7.8 trillion |
| Disposable personal income (1999) | $1.4 trillion | $6.6 trillion |
| Personal income per capita (1999) | $33,149 | $28,518 |
| MAJOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT SALES (1997) | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
(billions) | (billions) | |
| Dairy products | $3.4 | $19 |
| Nursery and greenhouse crops | $1.6 | $11 |
| Poultry and poultry products | $1.0 | $22 |
| Cattle and calves | $0.6 | $41 |
| Fruits, nuts, and berries | $0.6 | $13 |
| Vegetables, sweet corn, and melons | $0.5 | $8 |
| SALES BY SELECTED ENERGY-INTENSIVE INDUSTRY | NORTHEAST (1997) | U.S. TOTAL (1996 ESTIMATES) |
| (billions) | (billions) | |
| Total sales | $149 | $781 |
| Chemicals | $64 | $372 |
| Forest Products | $41 | $267 |
| Steel | $15 | $57 |
| Aluminum | $14 | $35 |
| Glass | $13 | $27 |
| Metal Casting | $2 | $23 |
| FOREIGN EXPORTS (1997) | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Major Exports | (billions) | (billions) |
| Industrial machinery and computers | $20 | $128 |
| Electric and electronic equipment | $18 | $108 |
| Chemical products | $18 | $66 |
| Scientific and measuring instruments | $11 | $39 |
| Transportation equipment | $10 | $112 |
| Energy exports | ||
| Bituminous coal and lignite | $1.1 | $3.4 |
| Crude petroleum and natural gas | $0.4 | $1.7 |
| Refined petroleum products | $1.2 | $7.5 |
| AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS (1997) | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
(million short tons) | (million short tons) | |
| Carbon monoxide | 11 | 87 |
| Nitrous oxides | 6.8 | 24 |
| Volatile organic compounds | 2.6 | 19 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 2.9 | 20 |
| Particulate matter | 2.4 | 34 |
| FOSSIL FUEL RESOURCES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Coal recoverable reserves in short tons (1997) | 0.9 billion | 19 billion |
| Crude oil proved reserves in barrels (1998) | 0.02 billion | 21 billion |
| Dry natural gas proved reserves in cubic feet (1998) | 2.1 trillion | 164 trillion |
| RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES (2000) | NORTHEAST |
| Solar energy | |
| Solar energy potential for flat-plate collectors | Useful resources |
| Solar energy potential for solar concentrators | Marginal to poor resources |
| Number of installed solar roofs in Million Solar Roofs Registry | 42 |
| Solar school technologies in use (selected examples) | Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems, portable PV solar-powered trailer-classrooms, passive solar space heat, and daylighting |
| Wind energy | |
| Wind energy potential | Good to excellent in many areas of the Northeast |
| Existing projects | 7 |
| Total existing capacity | 17 megawatts |
| Planned projects | 12 |
| Total planned capacity | 176 - 181 megawatts |
| Geothermal energy | |
| Reservoirs of steam or very hot water | None |
| Moderate-temperature earth energy (suitable for direct use) | Four locations, two in the western part of the region and two that roughly follow the New England coastline |
| Low-temperature earth energy (suitable for geothermal heat pumps) | Throughout the region |
| Biomass (selected examples) | |
| Wood | Cofiring willow trees with coal Wood, from forests and sawmills, consumed at power plants Wood waste consumed at power plants Biomass gasifier Wood-chip-fired heating systems in businesses and schools Wood from sustainably managed forests for distributed generation at ski slopes |
| Other biomass | Biodiesel fuel in school buses and in city bus fleet |
| Net metering from renewable generation in at least some areas | Yes |
| Figure 2. In the Northeast, the Middle Atlantic* consumes three times as much energy as does New England.** As a share of the U.S. total, the Middle Atlantic's greatest share (18 percent) is demand for nuclear electric power, whereas New England's greatest share (7 percent) is demand for renewable energy. |
| Source: Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/sedr/contents.html. |
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | ||
| (quadrillion Btu) | (quadrillion Btu) | ||
| Energy consumption by source | |||
| Total | 14 | 94 | |
| Petroleum | 6 | 36 | |
| Natural gas | 3 | 23 | |
| Coal | 2 | 21 | |
| Nuclear electric power | 1 | 7 | |
| Hydroelectric power | 0.5 | 4 | |
| Biomass | 0.6 | 3 | |
| Geothermal, wind, and solar | 0.003 | 0.4 | |
| Selected petroleum products | (billion barrels) | (billion barrels) | |
| Motor gasoline | 0.5 | 3 | |
| Distillate fuel oil | 0.3 | 1 | |
| Residual fuel oil | 0.1 | 0.3 | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | 0.03 | 0.7 | |
| Jet fuel | 0.08 | 0.6 | |
| Kerosene | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| TOTAL ENERGY EXPENDITURES ESTIMATES (1997) | |||
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | ||
| (billions) | (billions) | ||
| Energy expenditures by source | |||
| Total | $108 | $567 | |
| Petroleum | $46 | $267 | |
| Natural gas | $20 | $92 | |
| Coal | $3 | $28 | |
| Nuclear electric power | $0.7 | $3 | |
| Wood and waste | $0.4 | $2 | |
| Electricity purchases by end users | $43 | $214 | |
| Electric utility fuel | -$5 | -$38 | |
| Selected petroleum products | |||
| Motor gasoline | $25 | $150 | |
| Distillate fuel | $12 | $56 | |
| Residual fuel | $2 | $5 | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | $1 | $20 | |
| Jet fuel | $2 | $15 | |
| HOUSEHOLD ENERGY (1997) | ||
| HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Number of households | 20 million | 102 million |
| Owned | 13 million | 69 million |
| Rented | 7 million | 33 million |
| Share of all households | ||
| In central cities | 30% | 36% |
| In suburban areas | 52% | 41% |
| In rural areas | 18% | 23% |
| Constructed before 1960 | 56% | 40% |
| In single-family units with basements | 57% | 33% |
| In single-family detached units | 54% | 63% |
| In units with garages | 48% | 54% |
| Using natural gas | 60% | 61% |
| Using fuel oil | 38% | 10% |
| Using wood | 13% | 15% |
| Using liquefied petroleum gases | 8% | 8% |
| Using kerosene | 5% | 3% |
| HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| Energy consumption by source | |||
| Total, excluding electricity losses and wood (Btu) | 2.4 quadrillion | 10 quadrillion | |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 0.1 trillion | 1.0 trillion | |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 1.0 trillion | 5.1 trillion | |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 5.8 billion | 7.3 billion | |
| Kerosene (gallons) | 0.2 billion | 0.4 billion | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases (gallons) | 0.3 billion | 4 billion | |
| Wood (cords) | 7 million | 21 million | |
| Average demand among households using the specified type of energy | |||
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 7,246 | 10,219 | |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 85 thousand | 83 thousand | |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 779 | 730 | |
| Kerosene (gallons) | 224 | 126 | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases (gallons) | 204 | 488 | |
| Wood (cords) | 2.8 | 1.4 | |
| HOUSEHOLD ENERGY USES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Space heating | ||
| Heating degree-days per household | 5,811 | 4,368 |
| Heated square footage per household | 1,748 | 1,667 |
| Natural gas as main space heating fuel (million households) | 9.2 | 53.5 |
| Fuel oil as main space heating fuel (million households) | 7.1 | 9.5 |
| Electricity as main space heating fuel (million households) | 2.3 | 29.6 |
| Total energy demand for space heating (Btu) | 1.5 quadrillion | 5.2 quadrillion |
| Most prevalent main heating fuel | Natural gas | Natural gas |
| Natural gas share | 50% | 70% |
| Fuel oil share | 44% | 16% |
| Electricity share | 3% | 8% |
| Electric air-conditioning | ||
| Cooling degree-days per household | 688 | 1,274 |
| Cooled square footage per household | 1,271 | 1,464 |
| Households with electric central air-conditioning | 22% | 47% |
| Households with electric room/wall air-conditioning | 40% | 25% |
| Total electricity demand for air-conditioning (kWh) | 7 billion | 122 billion |
| Average electricity demand for air-conditioning per household (kWh) | 599 | 1,677 |
| Water heating | ||
| Total energy demand for water heating (Btu) | 0.4 quadrillion | 1.9 quadrillion |
| Natural gas share | 50% | 67% |
| Fuel oil share | 36% | 8% |
| Appliances operation and lighting | ||
| Total electricity demand for appliances and lighting (kWh) | 108 billion | 683 billion |
| Total natural gas demand for appliances and lighting (cubic feet) | 75 billion | 365 billion |
| Total liquefied petroleum gases demand for appliances and lighting (gallons) | 52 million | 267 million |
| Average electricity demand for appliances and lighting per household (kWh) | 5,474 | 6,735 |
| Share of electricity used for refrigerators | 20% | 20% |
| HOUSEHOLD ENERGY UNIT COSTS |
| Figure 3. Unit costs for electricity, natural gas, and LPG are higher in the Northeast than in the country as a whole. However, the average cost of a unit of energy, $13.64 per million Btu, is similar, because a greater share of Northeast consumption is fuel oil, the least expensive fuel on a Btu basis. |
| Source: Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/#detailed_tables (Table CEI-9e). |
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| Energy average cost per million Btu | $13.64 | $13.25 |
| Electricity average cost per kWh | 11.9 cents | 8.5 cents |
| Natural gas average cost per thousand cubic feet | $9.13 | $6.96 |
| Fuel oil average cost per gallon | $0.96 | $0.98 |
| Kerosene average cost per gallon | $1.12 | $1.15 |
| Liquefied petroleum gases average cost per gallon | $1.38 | $1.03 |
| HOUSEHOLD ENERGY EXPENDITURES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| Energy expenditures by source | |||
| Total | $32 billion | $136 billion | |
| Electricity | $17 billion | $88 billion | |
| Natural gas | $9 billion | $36 billion | |
| Fuel oil | $6 billion | $7 billion | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | $0.4 billion | $4 billion | |
| Kerosene | $0.2 billion | $0.5 billion | |
| Expenditures per household | |||
| Median expenditures | $1,569 | $1,247 | |
| Average expenditures | $1,644 | $1,338 | |
| Average expenditures per household using the specified type of energy | |||
| Electricity | $863 | $871 | |
| Natural gas | $772 | $579 | |
| Fuel oil | $752 | $714 | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | $281 | $500 | |
| Kerosene | $251 | $144 | |
| Average expenditures per household engaged in the specified end use | |||
| Space heating | $657 | $421 | |
| Electric air-conditioning | $74 | $140 | |
| Water heating | $233 | $196 | |
| Appliances operation | $717 | $629 | |
| HOUSEHOLD TRANSPORTATION (1994) | ||
| HOUSEHOLD VEHICLES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Number of households | 15 million | 85 million |
| Average vehicles per household | 1.8 | 1.8 |
| All household vehicles | 27 million | 157 million |
| Sedans | 18 million | 100 million |
| Station wagons | 2 million | 6 million |
| Pickup trucks | 4 million | 29 million |
| Sport-utility vehicles | 2 million | 10 million |
| Minivans | 1 million | 8 million |
| Large vans and other household vehicles | 0.3 million | 4.0 million |
| HOUSEHOLD VEHICLE USE | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Total vehicle-miles traveled | 0.3 trillion | 2 trillion |
| Average per household | 20,300 | 21,100 |
| Average per vehicle | 11,300 | 11,400 |
| Motor fuel demand | ||
| Total motor fuel demand (gallons) | 15 billion | 91 billion |
| Average per household (gallons) | 982 | 1,067 |
| Average per vehicle (gallons) | 545 | 578 |
| On-road fuel economy (miles per gallon) | 20.7 | 19.8 |
| Motor fuel expenditures | ||
| Total expenditures for motor fuel | $17 billion | $105 billion |
| Average expenditures for motor fuel among households with vehicles | $1,166 | $1,234 |
| Average expenditures for other household energy among households with vehicles | $1,628 | $1,337 |
| COMMERCIAL ENERGY (1995) | ||
| COMMERCIAL BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Building activities | ||
| Top three commercial activities, in terms of floor space | Mercantile and service, office, education | Mercantile and service, office, warehouse and storage |
| Total workers in all buildings | 15 million | 77 million |
| Number of buildings | ||
| All commercial buildings | 0.7 million | 4.6 million |
| Electricity demand-metered buildings | 0.5 million | 2.2 million |
| Non-metered buildings | 0.2 million | 2.1 million |
| Amount of floor space | ||
| Total commercial floor space (square feet) | 12 billion | 59 billion |
| Average per building (square feet) | 16 thousand | 13 thousand |
| In metropolitan areas (square feet) | 10 billion | 47 billion |
| In non-metropolitan areas (square feet) | 1.5 billion | 11 billion |
| Share of floor space | ||
| Mercantile and service buildings | 27% | 22% |
| Office buildings | 17% | 18% |
| Education buildings | 18% | 13% |
| Warehouse and storage buildings | 10% | 14% |
| Share of floor space in buildings | ||
| Constructed before 1946 | 25% | 18% |
| Larger than 200,000 square feet | 29% | 18% |
| With 250 or more workers | 22% | 16% |
| That are continuously open | 22% | 19% |
| Using natural gas | 60% | 65% |
| Using fuel oil | 46% | 25% |
| Using district heat | 15% | 10% |
| Using propane | 14% | 9% |
| COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ENERGY CONSUMPTION |
| Figure 4. Natural gas and fuel oil used for space heating and electricity used for lighting are the predominant uses of energy in commercial buildings in the Northeast. |
| Sources: Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs/ (Tables CE-1 and CE-2). |
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| All buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 1.0 quadrillion | 5.3 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 128 billion | 764 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 289 billion | 1,895 billion |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 1.2 billion | 1.7 billion |
| District heat (Btu) | 135 trillion | 533 trillion |
| Mercantile and service buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 0.2 quadrillion | 1 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 23 billion | 149 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 42 billion | 385 billion |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 284 million | 354 million |
| Office buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 0.2 quadrillion | 1 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 32 billion | 198 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 38 billion | 233 billion |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 126 million | 204 million |
| Education buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 0.2 quadrillion | 0.6 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 13 billion | 65 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 49 billion | 239 billion |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 293 million | 408 million |
| Warehouse and storage buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 0.07 quadrillion | 0.3 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 12 billion | 52 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 23 billion | 103 billion |
| Fuel oil (gallons) | 32 million | 73 million |
| Health care buildings | ||
| Total energy consumption (Btu) | 0.1 quadrillion | 0.6 quadrillion |
| Electricity (kilowatthours) | 9 billion | 62 billion |
| Natural gas (cubic feet) | 47 billion | 252 billion |
| COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ENERGY USES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Space heating | ||
| Heated floor space (square feet) | 10 billion | 48 billion |
| Most prevalent heating equipment | Boilers, individual space heaters | Packaged heating units, individual space heaters |
| Total energy demand for space heating (Btu) | 0.4 quadrillion | 1.7 quadrillion |
| Natural gas share of floor space in heated buildings | 45% | 58% |
| Fuel oil share of floor space in heated buildings | 34% | 12% |
| Lighting | ||
| Lit floor space (square feet) | 10 billion | 50 billion |
| Most prevalent lighting equipment | Standard fluorescent, incandescent | Standard fluorescent, incandescent |
| Lighting conservation features, share of floor space in lit buildings | 79% | 69% |
| Total energy demand for lighting (Btu) | 0.2 quadrillion | 1.2 quadrillion |
| Water heating | ||
| Floor space with water heating (square feet) | 11 billion | 52 billion |
| Total energy demand for water heating (Btu) | 0.2 quadrillion | 0.8 quadrillion |
| Electricity share of floor space with water heating | 44% | 45% |
| Natural gas share of floor space with water heating | 36% | 48% |
| Fuel oil share of floor space with water heating | 15% | 4% |
| Cooling | ||
| Cooled floor space (square feet) | 6 billion | 36 billion |
| Total energy demand for cooling (Btu) | 0.05 quadrillion | 0.4 quadrillion |
| Electricity share of floor space in cooled buildings | 94% | 96% |
| District chilled water share of cooled floor space | 3% | 5% |
| Cooking | ||
| Floor space with cooking (square feet) | 5 billion | 21 billion |
| Total energy demand for cooking (Btu) | 0.03 quadrillion | 0.2 quadrillion |
| Natural gas share of floor space with cooking | 63% | 64% |
| Electricity share of floor space with cooking | 53% | 59% |
| Propane share of floor space with cooking | 13% | 7% |
| COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ENERGY UNIT COSTS | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Energy average cost per million Btu | $15.92 | $13.14 |
| Electricity average cost per kWh | 10.2 cents | 7.4 cents |
| Natural gas average cost per thousand cubic feet | $6.02 | $4.76 |
| Fuel oil average cost per gallon | $0.68 | $0.70 |
| District heat average cost per thousand pound | $6.39 | $5.83 |
| COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ENERGY EXPENDITURES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | |
| (billions) | (billions) | ||
| Energy expenditures by source | |||
| Total | $16 | $70 | |
| Electricity | $13 | $57 | |
| Natural gas | $2 | $9 | |
| Fuel oil | $0.8 | $1 | |
| District heat | $0.9 | $3 | |
| By building activity | |||
| Mercantile and service | $3 | $14 | |
| Office | $4 | $16 | |
| Education | $2 | $7 | |
| Warehouse and storage | $1 | $5 | |
| Health care | $1 | $5 | |
| COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS ENERGY EFFICIENCY | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| (thousand Btu per square foot) | ||
| Energy intensity of all major fuels | 87 | 91 |
| Intensity by end use | ||
| Space heating | 32 | 29 |
| Lighting | 18 | 20 |
| Water heating | 14 | 14 |
| Intensity by type of energy | ||
| Electricity | 38 | 46 |
| Natural gas | 42 | 51 |
| Highly energy-intensive uses | ||
| Space heating with natural gas | 23 | 29 |
| Lighting with electricity | 18 | 21 |
| MANUFACTURER CHARACTERISTICS | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Top energy-consuming industry groups | Petroleum and coal; primary metals; chemicals; stone, clay, and glass | Petroleum and coal; chemicals; paper; primary metals |
| Energy consumption per employee (Btu) | 0.5 billion | 1 billion |
| Energy consumption per dollar of value added (Btu) | 6 thousand | 11 thousand |
| Energy consumption per dollar of value of shipments (Btu) | 3 thousand | 5 thousand |
| MANUFACTURING ENERGY USE |
| Figure 5. Manufacturers in the Northeast purchase relatively more fuel oil than do manufacturers in the rest of the United States. |
| Sources: Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mecs/mecs94/consumption/mecs4a.html (Table A15). |
| NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL | ||
| (trillion Btu) | (trillion Btu) | ||
| Energy consumption by source | |||
| Total | 1,964 | 21,663 | |
| Natural gas | 518 | 6,835 | |
| Coal | 458 | 2,105 | |
| Net electricity | 321 | 2,656 | |
| Residual fuel oil | 152 | 490 | |
| Distillate fuel oil | 42 | 158 | |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | 34 | 1,631 | |
| Coke and breeze | 9 | 449 | |
| Total purchases of energy | 1,859 | 16,605 | |
| Share of U.S. total of purchased residual fuel oil | 33% | 100% | |
| Share of U.S. total of purchased distillate fuel oil | 27% | 100% | |
| MANUFACTURING ENERGY UNIT COSTS | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| Natural gas (per thousand cubic feet) | ||
| Average | $3.64 | $2.65 |
| Highest (industry) | $5.34 (printing) | $4.55 (misc.) |
| Lowest (industry) | $2.87 (petroleum and coal) | $2.22 (chemicals) |
| Coal (per short ton) | ||
| Average | $46.81 | $41.85 |
| Highest of published values (industry) | $52.87 (food) | $50.29 (rubber) |
| Lowest of published values (industry) | $37.06 (petroleum and coal) | $26.97 (petroleum and coal) |
| Electricity (per kilowatthour) | ||
| Average | 6.3 cents | 4.6 cents |
| Highest (industry) | 10.3 cents (leather) | 7.5 cents (leather) |
| Lowest (industry) | 4.4 cents (primary metals) | 3.4 cents (primary metals) |
| Residual fuel oil (per gallon) | ||
| Average | $0.42 | $0.39 |
| Highest of published values (industry) | $0.55 (electronics) | $0.52 (electronics) |
| Lowest of published values (industry) | $0.39 (primary metals) | $0.33 (leather) |
| Distillate fuel oil (per gallon) | ||
| Average | $0.67 | $0.71 |
| Highest of published values (industry) | $0.77 (lumber) | $0.85 (lumber) |
| Lowest of published values (industry) | $0.59 (petroleum and coal; primary metals) | $0.54 (misc.) |
| Liquefied petroleum gases (per gallon) | ||
| Average | $0.56 | $0.41 |
| Highest of published values (industry) | $1.05 (apparel) | $0.86 (industrial machinery) |
| Lowest of published values (industry) | $0.43 (petroleum and coal) | $0.40 (chemicals) |
| MANUFACTURING ENERGY EXPENDITURES | NORTHEAST | U.S. TOTAL |
| (billions) | (billions) | |
| Total energy expenditures | $10 | $69 |
| Expenditures by source | ||
| Electricity | $6 | $36 |
| Natural gas | $2 | $17 |
| Coal | $0.8 | $4 |
| Residual fuel oil | $0.4 | $1 |
| Distillate fuel oil | $0.2 | $0.8 |
| Liquefied petroleum gases | $0.2 | $6 |
| Coke and breeze | $0.04 | $2 |
| Expenditures by top energy-consuming industry group | ||
| Primary metals | $2 | $11 |
| Paper | $1 | $6 |
| Chemicals | $1 | $18 |
| Stone, clay, and glass | $0.6 | $4 |
| Petroleum and coal | $0.4 | $4 |
| * * * * * |
Sources for this report include the U.S. Energy Information Administration; the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technology, and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network; the American Wind Energy Association; the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration, Bureau of Economic Analysis, and Bureau of the Census; the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. For direct electronic links to those sources, see Links to Regional Energy and Energy-Related Data Sources. If you liked this Regional Energy Profile, you can be automatically notified via e-mail of new reports and updates as they become available. Add your name to the "Energy Users" e-mail list. This report, "Regional Energy Profile: Northeast Data Abstract," is a new report in the "Data Abstract" series. For more information about the series, see the Regional Energy Profiles home page. |
| Select another report in the Data Abstract series: | |
| Census Divisions | Census Regions |
| New England | Northeast |
| Middle Atlantic | Midwest |
| East North Central | South |
| West North Central | West |
| South Atlantic | Most Populous States |
| East South Central | New York |
| West South Central | Florida |
| Mountain | Texas |
| Pacific | California |
Return to the Regional Energy Profiles home page.
| This report was fact-checked by LaVerne Gilchrist, data analyst, and edited and produced by Christy Hall, mathematical statistician. Specific questions on this report may be directed to:
Release date: August 28, 2000 URL: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/reps/abstracts/northeast.html |
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