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Machine Guarding: |
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Machine Guarding hazards are addressed in specific standards for
general, maritime, construction, and agriculture industries. This page provides links to those standards as well as
references related to OSHA enforcement policy such as directives and
interpretation letters. Note: Some states have OSHA-approved
State Plans and have adopted their own standards and enforcement policies.
Standards
General Industry
- 1910
Subpart O, Machinery and Machine Guarding (1910.211 to 1910.219).
This standard includes definitions, general requirements, and requirements for
different kinds of machinery.
- 1910.211,
Definitions.
- 1910.212,
General requirements for all machines.
- 1910.213,
Woodworking machinery requirement.
- 1910.214,
Cooperage machinery. [Reserved]
- 1910.215,
Abrasive wheel machinery.
- 1910.216,
Mills and calendars in the rubber and plastics industries.
- 1910.217,
Mechanical power presses.
- 1910.218,
Forging machines.
- 1910.219,
Mechanical power-transmission apparatus.
- 1910.217,
Mechanical Power Presses.
This standard includes general requirements in addition to
specific requirements for construction, safeguarding, dies, inspection,
maintenance, modification, operation, injury reporting, and presence
sensing device initiation.
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1910.217 App A, Mandatory requirements for certification/validation of
safety systems for presence sensing device initiation of mechanical
power presses.
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1910.217 App B, Nonmandatory guidelines for certification/validation of
safety systems for presence sensing device initiation of mechanical
power presses.
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1910.217 App C, Mandatory requirements for OSHA recognition of
third-party validation organizations for the PSDI standard.
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1910.217 App D, Nonmandatory supplementary information.
- 1910.262,
Textiles. Paragraph (c)(3) contains a short statement on machine
guarding requirements and a reference to 1910.219.
- 1910.263,
Bakery equipment. Paragraph (c) addresses general requirements for
machine guarding.
- 1910.268,
Telecommunications. Paragraph (b)(1)(v) addresses some general
requirements for machine guarding.
Maritime Industry
- 1917.151,
Machine guarding.
- 1918.96,
Maintenance and repair work in the vicinity of longshoring operations.
Paragraph (e) contains general requirements for machine guarding.
Construction Industry
- 1926
Subpart I, Tools - Hand and Power (1926.300 to 1926.307). This
standard includes
general machine guarding requirements and specific guarding requirements
for different kinds of tools.
Agriculture Industry
- 1928.57,
Guarding of farm field equipment, farmstead equipment, and cotton gins.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
- ANSI
B11 Subcommittees. OSHA (2002), 15 pages. The American
National Standards Institute's (ANSI) B11 committee is responsible for
developing machine tool safety standards. This document provides brief
descriptions of the subcommittees and the hazards they are addressing.
Additional information about ANSI standards is available from their web
site.
Federal Registers
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Mechanical Power -- Transmission Apparatus; Mechanical Power Presses; Telecommunications; Hydrogen. OSHA Federal Register Entry
69:31880-31882 (2004, June 08). This final rule corrects errors in four
OSHA standards. The first correction deletes two references to a
nonexisting table in the Mechanical Power-Transmission Apparatus Standard.
The second is a correction of typographical errors in the Mechanical Power
Presses Standard. The third correction is to a cross-reference in the
Telecommunications Standard. The fourth correction is to a reference to a
table contained in the Hazardous Materials Standard for Hydrogen.
-
Notice of Availability of the Regulatory Flexibility Act Review of Presence Sensing Device Initiation for Mechanical Power Presses. OSHA Federal Register Entry
69:31927-31929 (2004, June 08). OSHA has conducted a review of the
Presence Sensing Device Initiation (PSDI) requirements of the Mechanical
Power Presses Standard pursuant to section 610 of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act, and section 5 of Executive Order 12866 on Regulatory
Planning and Review. Based on this review and public comments, OSHA has
decided to update its mechanical power press standard to ANSI B.11.1-2001
- Mechanical
Power Presses. OSHA Federal Register Entry 53:8322-65 (1988, March
14). This abstract allows a presence sensing device to initiate the
stroke of the press automatically when the operator's body is out of the
danger zone.
Directives
- National
Emphasis Program Amputation. CPL 2-1.35 (2002, March 26), 22 pages. This directive describes policies and procedures for implementing
a National Emphasis Program (NEP) to identify and reduce or eliminate
the workplace incidence of hazards which are causing or are likely to
cause amputations.
- National
Emphasis Program on Mechanical Power Presses, 29 C.F.R. 1910.217.
OSHA CPL 2-1.24 (1997, February 28), 41 pages. This directive describes the
National Emphasis Program (NEP) to reduce and eliminate the workplace
incidence of hazards associated with mechanical power presses, including
requirements for machine guarding.
- Guidelines
for Point of Operation Guarding of Power Press Brakes. OSHA CPL
2-1.25 (1997, February 14), 6 pages. This directive provides guidelines
for compliance officers who determine compliance with the guarding
requirements for power press brakes. Describes when guarding by
"safe distance" is permitted.
- Abrasive
Operation Using Cutoff Wheels and Masonry Saws. OSHA STD 1-12.26A
(1994, September 26), 3 pages. This instruction provides guidelines for
violations related to guards for cutoff wheels and masonry saws.
- Awareness
Barriers Installed on Metal Cutting Shears. OSHA STD 1-12.25A (1994, July
12), 2 pages. This instruction provides guidance for applying awareness barrier
safeguards as installed on metal cutting shears.
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Guarding of Three-Roller Printing Ink Mills. OSHA STD 1-12.23A (1994, July 12), 3
pages. This instruction clarifies the guarding requirements of the subject standard
relative to the ingoing nip point on three-roller printing ink mills and
to assure uniformity in the enforcement of the standard nationally.
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Alternative Abatement Methods of 29 CFR 1910.212(a)(1) and (a)(2) As Applied to the
Oil and Gas Drilling Industry. OSHA STD 1-12.28 (1983, February 7), 3
pages. This instruction describes alternative techniques for preventing worker contact
with rotating kelly bushings or kellys and exposed portions of rotary
tables on oil and gas well drilling rigs in lieu of the physical
guarding requirements. (STD
1-12.28 CH-1 incorporates a typographical error change, 2/14/1983).
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Portable Belt Sanding Machines as Covered by 29 CFR 1910.243(a)(3) and 29 CFR
1926.304(f). OSHA STD 1-13.4 (1981, August 5), 2 pages. This instruction provides
guidance to allow equitable enforcement of 29 CFR 1910.243 (a)(3) and 29
CFR 1926.304(f) as they pertain to the guarding of portable belt
sanders.
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29 CFR 1910.212(a)(3)(ii), Point of Operation Guarding for All Machines as
Applied to the Hand-Fed Engraving Presses Used in the Engraved
Stationery Manufacturing Industry. OSHA STD 1-12.22 (1979, January 2), 3
pages. This instruction provides guidance in applying point of operation guarding
requirements relative to hand-fed engraving presses in the engraved
stationery industry, when using the face down method of printing.
- Defining Acceptable Guarding of Fan Blades.
OSHA STD 1-12.1 (1978, October 30), 2
pages. This instruction clarifies the applicability of 1910.212(a)(5) and directs answers to inquiries.
- Reduction of Air Pressure below 30 psi for Cleaning Purposes. OSHA STD 1-13.1
(1978, October 30), 2 pages. This instruction includes requirements for chip guarding.
- Caution Labeling of Radial Saws: 29 CFR
1910.213(h)(5).
OSHA STD
1-12.4 (1978,
October 30), 2 pages. This instruction provides guidance in the enforcement of the
subject provision.
- Acceptable
Guarding for Circular Meat Cutting Saws:
29 CFR Section 1910.212(a)(3)(ii). OSHA STD 1-12.5 (1978, October 30), 2 pages.
This instruction provides
guidance on the acceptable methods for guarding meat cutting saws
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29 CFR 1910.218 Forging Machines.
OSHA STD 1-12.6 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This instruction clarifies appropriate enforcement of 29 CFR 1910.218.
- 29 CFR 1910.217 and 29 CFR 1910.212; Applicability of Platen Presses.
OSHA STD 1-12.7 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This instruction provides specific clarifications on the applicability of 29 CFR 1910.217 and 29 CFR 1910.212 to platen presses.
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29 CFR 1910.215(a)(4), Abrasive Wheel Machinery Work Rests.
OSHA STD 1-12.8 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This instruction provides clarification on the acceptable methods for the use of work rests.
- 29
CFR 1910.212 General Requirements for all Machines.
OSHA STD 1-12.9 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This instruction clarifies the intent of 29 CFR 1910.212 as
applied to blade guards for chain saws.
- Application
of 29 CFR 1910.212(a)(1) to Food Waste Disposal Equipment. OSHA STD 1-12.10 (1978, October 30), 2 pages.
Assures uniformity in the application of the subject standard to point
of operation guarding on food waste disposal equipment.
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General Requirements For All Machines, As Applied to Power Press Brakes.
OSHA STD 1-12.12 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This directive
provides guidance in the application of point of operation safeguarding of Power Press Brakes.
- Clarification of 29 CFR 1910.219, the Terms "Enclosed" and "Fully
Enclosed", as applying to Power Transmission Belts. OSHA STD 1-12.14
(1978, October 30), 2 pages. this instruction provides clarification of the application of "enclosed" and
"fully enclosed" as applying to power transmission belts, and
guarding by location.
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29 CFR 1910.213(a)(4), Woodworking Machinery Requirements. OSHA STD 1-12.15 (1978, October 30), 2 pages.
This instruction provides guidance to the field on the applicability of 29 CFR 1910.213
(a)(4) in protecting employees from automatic cut-off saws that stroke
continuously without the operator being able to control each stroke.
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29 CFR 1910.213(h)(1), Radial Saw Guards. OSHA STD 1-12.17 (1978, October
30), 2 pages. This instruction provides clarification on the applicability of the subject
standard as it relates to the saw mill industries.
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29 CFR 1910.213(c)(l) and (h)(1), Woodworking Machinery Guarding
Requirements. OSHA STD 1-12.18 (1978, October 30), 2 pages. This
instruction specifies
requirements for hand-fed ripsaws and swing cutoff saws and radial saws.
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Application 1910.212(a)(1) to Sewing Machines in the Light Apparel Manufacturing
Industries. OSHA STD 1-12.19 (1978, October 30), 3 pages. This
instruction provides a uniform means of
evaluating the nip point and moving belt hazard on light and medium duty
sewing machines such as those used in apparel manufacturing and sewing
of light weight materials.
- 29
CFR 1910.217(b)(3)(i), Mechanical Power Presses Single Stroke Mechanism
Requirements. OSHA STD 1-12.20 (1978, October 30), 2 pages.
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29 CFR 1910.217 Mechanical Power Presses, Clarifications. OSHA STD 1-12.21 (1978, October 30), 7 pages.
Interpretations and Compliance Letters
-
Guarding/hazards of using woodcutting saw blades on a cut-off machine.
OSHA (1999, November 11), 2 pages.
- Multiple interpretations regarding mechanical power presses (1998, May
27), 2 pages. This interpretation letter contains multiple
interpretations regarding mechanical power presses.
- Machine guarding. OSHA (1996, May 28), 4 pages. This letter shows an
employer's questions regarding
acceptable methods of machine guarding and OSHA's responses.
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Machine guarding requirements. OSHA (1994, December 12). This letter
includes a request for a permanent
variance from 29 CFR 1910.212(a)(1), the standard which defines OSHA's
general machine-guarding requirements.
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Presence sensing devices (PSDs) for power presses. OSHA (1994, August 11), 3
pages. This letter contains information regarding the usage of PSDs a an occupational safety
device during the process of operating a Punch Press.
-
Printing presses. OSHA (1993, June 14), 6 pages.
Review Commission and Administrative Law Judge Decisions
- The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) is an
independent federal agency created to decide contests of citations or
penalties resulting from OSHA inspections of American work places. To
locate decisions related to this topic, search for keywords at the OSHRC
site.
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| Revised: 12
July 2004 |
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