A Country Study: Israel

• Israel
• Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• Preface
• Country Profile
  • Country
  • Geography
  • Society
  • Economy
  • Transportation and Communications
  • Government and Politics
  • National Security
• Introduction

• Chapter 1 - Historical Setting
  • Ancient Israel
  • Hellenism and the Roman Conquest
  • Palestine Between the Romans and Modern Times
  • Origins of Zionism
    • Zionist Precursors
    • Political Zionism
    • Cultural Zionism
    • Labor Zionism
    • Revisionist Zionism
  • Events in Palestine, 1908-48
    • Arab Nationalism
    • World War I: Diplomacy and Intrigue
    • The Arab Community During the Mandate
    • The Jewish Community under the Mandate
    • The Palestinian Revolt, 1936-39
    • World War II and Zionism
    • The Holocaust
    • Prelude to Statehood
  • Problems of the New State, 1948-67
    • Etatism
    • Ingathering of the Exiles
    • Israeli Arabs, Arab Land, and Arab Refugees
    • The Emergence of the IDF
  • 1967 and Afterward
    • The War of Attrition
    • The October 1973 War
    • The Decline of the Labor Party
    • Oriental Jews
  • The Begin Era
    • The Peace Process
    • The Occupied Territories
    • Israeli Action in Lebanon, 1978-82

• Chapter 2 - The Society and Its Environment
  • Geography
    • Topography
    • Climate
  • Population
  • Social Structure
    • Varieties of Israeli Judaism
      • Orthodox Judaism
      • Non-Orthodox Judaism
    • The Role of Judaism
      • Judaism, Civil Religion, and the "New Zionism"
      • Religious Institutions
      • The "Who Is a Jew?" Controversy
      • The Orthodox-Secular Cleavage
    • Jewish Ethnic Groups
      • The Ashkenazi-Oriental Distinction
      • The Second Israel
      • Ethnicity and Social Class
    • Minority Groups
      • The Druzes
      • The Arab-Jewish Cleavage
    • Distinctive Social Institutions
      • The Histadrut
      • Kibbutz and Moshav
      • The Ulpan and Merkaz Klita
  • Education
    • Higher Education
    • Youth Movements and Organizations
  • Health
  • Welfare

• Chapter 3 - The Economy
  • Overview of the 1948-72 Period
  • Economic Growth and Structural Change
    • Slowdown of Economic Growth
    • Changes in Investment Patterns
    • Changes in Industrial Structure
    • Changes in Labor Force
  • The Public Sector
    • Government Budget
    • Provision of Civilian Services
    • Provision of Defense Services
    • Taxation
  • Industry
    • Electronics
    • Biotechnology
    • Diamonds
    • Chemicals, Rubber, and Plastics
    • Clothing and Textiles
    • Construction
    • Tourism
    • Energy
  • Agriculture
  • Financial Services
  • Transportation and Communications
  • Foreign Trade
  • Balance of Payments
  • The Economic Stabilization Program of July 1985

• Chapter 4 - Government and Politics
  • The Constitutional Framework
  • Government
    • The President
    • The Cabinet
    • The Civil Service
    • The Knesset
    • The State Comptroller
    • The Judicial System
    • Local Government
    • Civilian Administration in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
  • National Institutions
    • World Zionist Organization and the Jewish Agency
    • Histadrut
  • Political Framework: Elite, Values, and Orientations
  • Multi-Party System
    • Alignment Parties
      • Labor Party
      • Mapam
      • Citizens' Rights Movement (CRM)
      • Shinui (Change)
    • The Likud Bloc
    • Religious Parties
      • National Religious Party
      • Agudat Israel
      • Shas
      • Central Religious Camp
    • Right-Wing Ultranationalist Parties
    • Extraparliamentary Religio-Nationalist Movements
    • Arab Parties
    • Interest Groups
  • Prospects for Electoral Reform
  • Civil-Military Relations
  • Foreign Relations
    • Relations with Middle Eastern States
      • Egypt
      • Jordan
      • Morocco
      • Iran
    • Relations with the United States
    • Relations with the Soviet Union
    • Relations with Eastern Europe
    • Relations with Western Europe
    • Relations with African States
    • Relations with Asian States
    • Relations with Latin America
  • Communications Media

• Chapter 5 - National Security
  • Security: A Persistent National Concern
    • Historical Background
    • War of Independence
    • 1956 War
    • June 1967 War
    • October 1973 War
    • 1982 Invasion of Lebanon
    • The Siege of Beirut and Its Aftermath
  • Concepts of National Security
    • Dormant War
    • Extensive Threat
    • Strategic Depth
    • Potential Causes of War
    • Nuclear and Conventional Deterrents
    • Autonomy
  • International and Domestic Security Concerns
    • The Arab Military Threat
    • Palestinian Terrorist Groups
    • Jewish Terrorist Organizations
  • The Israel Defense Forces
    • Command Structure
    • Ground Forces
    • Navy
    • Air Force
    • Nahal
    • Gadna
    • Conscription
    • Women in the IDF
    • Reserve Duty
    • Training
    • Minorities in the IDF
    • Pay and Benefits
    • Rank, Insignia, and Uniforms
    • Awards and Decorations
    • Discipline and Military Justice
  • The IDF in the Occupied Territories
    • Military Government
    • Palestinian Uprising, December 1987-
  • Armed Forces and Society
    • Economic Impact
    • The IDF as a Socializing Factor
    • The Military in Political Life
  • Defense Production and Sales
    • Defense Industries
    • Nuclear Weapons Potential
    • Foreign Military Sales and Assistance
  • Military Cooperation with the United States
  • The Israel Police
    • Subordinate Forces
    • Police Reform
  • Intelligence Services
    • Mossad
    • Aman
    • Shin Bet
    • Lekem
  • Criminal Justice
    • Judicial System
    • Criminal Justice in the Occupied Territories
    • Penal System

• Appendices
  • Appendix A. Tables
  • Appendix B. Political Parties and Organizations
• Bibliography
• Glossary