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NSF-Funded Nobel Prize Winners in Science Through 2004
October 2004
The National Science Foundation (NSF) was established in 1950 "to promote the progress of science" and today funds more than 10,000 new awards each year in fulfilling that mission. NSF selects projects through a time-tested process of merit review, and the success of that process is reflected, in part, in the number of NSF-supported scientists recognized for their discoveries. In particular, NSF takes great pride in the remarkable achievements by U.S. and U.S.-based researchers that have received Nobel Prizes and the many who have been supported by NSF grants throughout their careers.
NSF's contributions are significant considering the agency's size and the foundation's support for fundamental research in many disciplines relative to agencies focused on a specific mission such as health, defense or energy. NSF's share of federal funding for basic academic research in physical sciences (including physics and chemistry) is 35 percent, non-health-related biology is 65 percent and non-health-related social sciences is 84 percent.
NSF-Funded Nobel Prize Winners
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Physics
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Chemistry
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Medicine
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Economics
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Total
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*
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41
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33
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23
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28
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125
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**
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10
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8
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13
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3
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34
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Total NSF-Funded
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51
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41
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36
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31
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159
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* Given awards by NSF before receiving Nobel Prize
** Given awards by NSF after receiving Nobel Prize
This information is based on NSF's Awards Database, which covers awards from the 1989 to present, and older information that predates electronic records at NSF. Information is available online for prior awards only if the award has been amended since that 1989.
For details on these laureates and the discoveries that earned them Nobel Prizes, see http://nobelprize.org.
Updated: October 15, 2004
PHYSICS
1955 **Willis E. Lamb, **Polykarp Kusch
1957 **Chen Ning Yang
1959 **Owen Chamberlain
1960 Donald A. Glaser
1961 **Robert Hofstadter
1963 **Eugene P. Wigner
1964 **Charles H. Townes
1967 **Hans A. Bethe
1969 **Murray Gell-Mann
1972 Leon N. Cooper, J. Robert Schrieffer
1974 **Ivar Giaever
1975 James Rainwater
1976 Burton Richter
1977 Philip W. Anderson
1978 Robert W. Wilson
1979 Sheldon L. Glashow, Steven Weinberg
1980 James W. Cronin
1981 Arthur L. Schawlow
1982 Kenneth G. Wilson
1983 Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, William A. Fowler
1988 Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz
1989 Norman F. Ramsey, Hans G. Dehmelt
1990 Henry W. Kendall
1993 Joseph H. Taylor Jr., Russell A. Hulse
1994 Clifford G. Shull
1995 Frederick Reines
1996 David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson
1997 Steven Chu, William D. Phillips
1998 Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Stormer, Daniel C. Tsui
2000 Herbert Kroemer
2001 Carl E. Wieman, Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle
2002 Raymond Davis Jr., Riccardo Giacconi
2003 Anthony J. Leggett
2004 - David J. Gross, H. David Politzer, Frank Wilczek
CHEMISTRY
1951 **Glenn T. Seaborg
1954 **Linus C. Pauling
1960 **Willard F. Libby
1965 **Robert B. Woodward
1966 **Robert S. Mulliken
1968 **Lars Onsager
1972 **Christian B. Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William Stein
1974 Paul J. Flory
1976 William N. Lipscomb
1979 Herbert C. Brown
1980 Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert
1981 Roald Hoffman
1983 Henry Taube
1984 **Robert B. Merrifield
1985 Herbert A. Hauptman
1986 Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee
1987 Donald J. Cram
1989 Sidney Altman, Thomas R. Cech
1990 Elias J. Corey
1992 Rudolph A. Marcus
1994 George A. Olah
1995 Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland
1996 Robert F. Curl Jr., Richard E. Smalley
1997 Paul D. Boyer
1998 Walter Kohn, John A. Pople
1999 Ahmed H. Zewail
2000 Alan J. Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid
2001 K. Barry Sharpless
2002 John B. Fenn
2003 Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon
MEDICINE
1953 **Fritz Lipmann
1958 **George W. Beadle, Joshua Lederberg
1959 **Severo Ochoa, **Arthur Kornberg
1962 **Francis C. Crick, **James D. Watson
1964 **Konrad Bloch
1965 Francois Jacob, Jacques Monad
1967 **George Wald
1968 Robert W. Holley, H. Gobind Khorana
1969 **Max Delbrόck, **Salvador E. Luria
1972 Gerald M. Edelman
1974 **George E. Palade
1975 **David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco, Howard M. Temin
1978 Hamilton O. Smith
1979 **Allan M. Cormack
1981 Roger W. Sperry, Torsten N. Wiesel
1986 Rita Levi-Montalcini
1987 Susumu Tonegawa
1992 Edmond H. Fischer
1993 Richard J. Roberts, Phillip A. Sharp
1995 Edward B. Lewis, Eric F. Wieschaus
1997 Stanley B. Prusiner
2000 Paul Greengard
2001 Leland H. Hartwell
2003 Paul C. Lauterbur
2004 - Richard Axel
ECONOMICS
1970 **Paul A. Samuelson
1972 **Kenneth J. Arrow
1973 Wassily Leontief
1975 Tjalling C. Koopmans
1978 Herbert A. Simon
1980 Lawrence R. Klein
1981 James Tobin
1982 George J. Stigler
1983 Gerard Debreu
1985 Franco Modigliani
1986 James M. Buchanan Jr.
1987 Robert M. Solow
1992 Gary S. Becker
1993 Robert W. Fogel, Douglass C. North
1994 John C. Harsanyi, **John F. Nash
1995 Robert E. Lucas
1997 Robert C. Merton
1998 Amartya Sen
2000 James J. Heckman, Daniel L. McFadden
2001 George Akerlof, Michael Spence, Joseph Stiglitz
2002 Daniel Kahneman, Vernon Smith
2003 Robert C. Engle, Clive W. Granger
2004 - Finn E. Kydland, Edward C. Prescott
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