TYPES OF
HAZARD/
EXPOSURE |
ACUTE
HAZARDS/
CLINICAL SIGNS/
SYMPTOMS |
PREVENTION/
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT |
FIRST
AID/
FIRE FIGHTING |
FIRE |
Not combustible but forms flammable gas
on contact with water or damp air. Gives off irritating
or toxic gases (hydrogen cyanide and oxides of nitrogen)
in a fire.
|
N/A |
In case of fire in the surroundings:
foam and powder, NO hydrous agents, NO water, NO carbon
dioxide.
|
EXPLOSION |
N/A
|
N/A |
In case of fire: cool drums, etc., by
spraying with water but avoid contact of the substance
with water. |
ROUTE
OF
EXPOSURE |
Synopsis: |
N/A |
PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!
STRICT HYGIENE!
Avoid any skin contact. |
Seek medical attention immediately.
Triage procedures and medical management guidelines
- see ATSDR
Toxicology Profile on cyanide and ATSDR medical management guidelines on hydrogen
cyanide.
|
Inhalation: |
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Confusion
- Nausea
- Shortness of breath
- Convulsions
- Vomiting
- Weakness
- Anxiety
- Irregular heart beat
- Tightness in the chest
- Unconsciousness
- Effects may be delayed.
|
Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing
protection.
Pressure demand, self-contained breathing apparatus
(SCBA) (SCBA CBRN, if available) is recommended in response
to non-routine emergency situations.
CBRN, Full Facepiece APR (when available) is recommended
in non-routine, emergency situation environments less
than IDLH but above REL or PEL levels.
|
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration
if indicated. No mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Seek medical attention immediately.
(See Notes.)
Triage procedures and medical management guidelines
- see ATSDR
Toxicology Profile on cyanide and ATSDR medical management guidelines on hydrogen
cyanide.)
|
Skin: |
MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain.
(See Inhalation for other symptoms.)
|
Avoid any skin contact. Butyl rubber
gloves. Teflon, Responder, or Tychem Protective clothing.
|
Wear protective gloves when administering
first aid. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with
plenty of water or shower.
Seek medical attention immediately. |
Eyes: |
Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.
(See Inhalation for other symptoms.)
|
Safety goggles, face shield, or eye
protection in combination with breathing protection
if powder.
|
First rinse with plenty of water
for several minutes.
Seek medical attention immediately.
|
Ingestion: |
Burning sensation.
(See Inhalation for other symptoms.)
|
Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.
Wash hands before eating.
|
Do not induce vomiting. No mouth-to-mouth
artificial respiration. Administer oxygen if breathing
is difficult.
Seek medical attention immediately.
(See Notes.)
|
| |
OCCUPATIONAL
EXPOSURE LIMITS (OELs): |
OSHA PEL*: TWA
5 mg/m3 *Note: The PEL also applies to other
cyanides (as CN) except Hydrogen cyanide
NIOSH REL: C 5 mg/m3 (4.7 ppm) 10-minute
*Note: The REL also applies to other cyanides (as CN)
except Hydrogen cyanide. NIOSH
PG 0522
ACGIH TLV (as CN): 5 mg/m3 (ceiling values)
(skin) (ACGIH 2002).
NIOSH IDLH: 25
mg/m3 (as CN)
|
SAMPLING
AND ANALYTICAL METHODS: |
NIOSH 6010
(HYDROGEN CYANIDE)
NIOSH 7904
(CYANIDES, aerosol and gas) |
|
DECONTAMINATION |
Patients/victims:
Wet contaminated clothing should be removed
and the underlying skin washed with soap and water or
water alone for 2-3 minutes.
Equipment: N/A
Environment: (See Spillage Disposal.)
|
SPILLAGE
DISPOSAL |
Evacuate danger area! Consult
an expert! Eliminate all ignition sources (no smoking,
flares, sparks, or flames) in the immediate area. Ventilation.
Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance
into dry sealable and labeled containers. Cautiously
neutralize remainder with water containing some alkaline
material such as sodium carbonate. Then wash away with
plenty of water. Do NOT let this chemical enter the
environment.
Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing
including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Storage: Separated from strong oxidants,
acids, food and feedstuffs, carbon dioxide, water or
products containing water. Dry. Well closed. Keep in
a well-ventilated room.
|
PACKAGING & LABELLING
|
UN# 1689
Guide 157 |
| Airtight. Unbreakable
packaging; put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable
container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. |
| Marine pollutant. |
| Note: A |
| N symbol |
| R: 26/27/28-32-50/53 |
| S: 1/2-7-28-29-45-60-61 |
| UN Hazard Class: 6.1 |
| UN Packing Group: I |
NFPA 704 Signal:
Health - 3
Flammability - 0
Reactivity - 0
Special - |
| |
IMPORTANT DATA |
PHYSICAL
STATE; APPEARANCE:
White hygroscopic crystalline powder, with characteristic
odor. Odorless when dry.
PHYSICAL DANGERS:
Corrosive to aluminum.
CHEMICAL DANGERS:
The substance decomposes on contact with acids, acid
salts, water, moisture and carbon dioxide, producing
highly toxic, flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. The solution
in water is a strong base, it reacts violently with
acid and is corrosive. Reacts violently with strong
oxidants such as nitrates, chlorates, nitric acid and
peroxides, causing explosion hazard.
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE:
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation,
through the skin and by ingestion.
INHALATION RISK:
Evaporation at 20°C is negligible; a harmful concentration
of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly
on spraying or when dispersed, especially if powdered.
EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE:
Sodium cyanide irritates and severely damages the tissues
of the eyes, the skin, the respiratory tract, and the
oral and gastrointestinal tract. Cyanides poison the
vital organs of the body (for example, heart and lungs)
including areas of the brain that regulate the proper
functioning of those organs. Exposure may result in
convulsions, unconsciousness, and death. Medical observation
is indicated. ((See Notes.))
EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE:
N/A
|
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES |
Melting Point: 1045.4°F
(563°C) |
| Boiling Point: 2724.8°F
(1496°C) |
| Vapor Pressure (20°C):
Negligible |
| Volatility: Negligible
at 20°C |
| Density/Specific Gravity:
1.595 |
| Aqueous Solubility (20°C):
40 g/100 ml |
| estimated log Kow:
N/A |
| Flashpoint: N/A |
| Flammability: N/A |
ENVIRONMENTAL
DATA |
The substance is very toxic
to aquatic organisms. |
ACUTE
EXPOSURE
GUIDELINES (AEGLs)
|
| |
10 min |
30 min |
1hr |
4 hr |
8 hr |
| AEGL 1 (discomfort, non-disabling) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
| AEGL 2 (irreversible or other
serious, long-lasting effects or impaired ability
to escape) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
AEGL 3 (life-threatening
effects or death)
|
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
NOTES |
| The occupational
exposure limit value should not be exceeded during any
part of the working exposure. Specific treatment is necessary
in case of poisoning with this substance; the appropriate
means with instructions must be available. Do NOT take
working clothes home. Never work alone in an area if hydrocyanic
acid exposure is possible. |
| |
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION |
|
| |
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS |
APR - Air-purifying
Respirator
CBRN - Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear
IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
REL - Recommended Exposure Limit
PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit
SCBA - Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus |
| |
IMPORTANT
NOTICE: |
SODIUM CYANIDE
(ERC143-33-9) The user should verify compliance
of the cards with the relevant STATE or TERRITORY legislation
before use. NIOSH, CDC 2003 |
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