Funded Projects: Regional Conflict-Asia & Pacific Rim

ALBERT EINSTEIN INSTITUTION, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Yuen Foong Khong): A project to explain the transition of non-communist Southeast Asia from a region marked by internal and external conflicts in the 1950s and 1960s to a region enjoying relative peace and calm since 1970. Particular attention will be given to the role that ASEAN has played in setting norms and establishing decision-making procedures that have facilitated the peaceful settlement of disputes. (USIP-069-93S) $41,000

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): John M. Richardson): A grant in support of research on the political conflict in Sri Lanka, focusing upon the causes, consequences, and lessons to be learned. (SG-30-9) $20,000

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Mustapha Pasha & Carole O'Leary): A project to organize a series of teacher training and curriculum development workshops for teachers in the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia. The workshop series will provide high school educators with the knowledge, methodology and resources needed to incorporate a cultural perspective on the origins of international disputes and to evaluate current approaches to conflict resolution and peacemaking. (USIP-146-94F) $40,000

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Michael E. Salla): A grant to promote dialogue on how the concept of autonomy might help break the impasse in negotiation over the disputed territory of East Timor. (USIP-068-96F) $29,063

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Michael E. Salla): A grant to further facilitated dialogue among participants from East Timor, exploring power sharing and autonomy issues as the possible basis of a negotiated solution to the status of the disputed territory. (USIP-042-97F) $44,000

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Mustapha Kamal Pasha): A research project which challenges conventional wisdom regarding the relationship between civil society and democratization by examining the rise of religious extremism in Pakistan and the accompanying political environment. The project will focus on the vernacular press and the madrassas (religious schools) in Pakistan. (SG-192-01) $25,000

ASIA FOUNDATION, THE, San Francisco, CA (Project Director(s): David Timberman): A research project to explore the relationships between separatist conflicts, regional autonomy and democratic government and politics in Indonesia, the Philippines and Sri Lanka. A major objective is to derive lessons for policymakers and practitioners which may be applicable in comparative contexts. (USIP-087-00S) $38,500

ASIA SOCIETY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Robert Radtke): A project to consider efforts to achieve social and economic regeneration in Afghanistan, and how these initiatives may provide an avenue for addressing the current international political impasse. The project will include a workshop, with an edited volume of the papers presented. (USIP-054-00F) $35,000

ASIA SOCIETY, THE, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Marshall M. Bouton & Scott A. Snyder): A grant to support a joint research project between Soviet and American scholars to explore ways to reduce tensions in Afghanistan and Kashmir. Research will focus in particular on possible cooperative efforts by the U.S. and USSR to help resolve these conflicts. (USIP-27-91S) $30,000

ASIA SOCIETY, THE, New York, NY (Project Director(s): David Timberman): A joint project with the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University to consider how the international community can help consolidate peace in Cambodia and reinforce Cambodia's struggling democracy. (USIP-685) $40,700

ASIA SOCIETY, THE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): David Timberman): A project to convene a group of experts and policy makers under the joint auspices of the Asia Society and the Nitze School of Advanced International Studies to consider appropriate U.S. responses to the continuing crisis in Cambodia. Participants will consider how the U.S. can engage ASEAN member states and key regional powers such as China and Japan in multilateral efforts to prevent the renewal of full-scale civil war in Cambodia. (USIP-154-97F) $32,770

ASSOCIATION FOR DIPLOMATIC STUDIES AND TRAINING, Arlington, VA (Project Director(s): Richard Jackson & Stephen Low): A project to enable the Association to organize a series of foreign policy conferences at the Foreign Service Institute for participants from the executive branch, Congress, business, labor, the media, and academia. Among the topics to be examined are Chinese succession, U.S. policy options vis-a-vis Macedonia, U.S.-Cuba relations, and conflict prevention in Europe. (USIP-654) $30,000

ATLANTIC COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Ning Lu): A study of the history, structure, processes, mechanism and dynamics of foreign policy decision-making in China. The focus of the study will be on the changing dynamics of Chinese foreign policy decision-making and their implications for international conflict management. (USIP-013-93F) $33,000

ATLANTIC COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Alfred D. Wilhelm, Jr.): A two-year project to assemble a committee of seventy senior experts on U.S., Chinese, and global security policy to examine U.S.-Chinese bilateral security relationships, regional relationships in East Asia, and global security issues in the context of Sino-U.S. relations. The project will provide an opportunity for dialogue among security specialists from the U.S. and the People's Republic of China regarding U.S. security policy toward China. The committee's findings will be disseminated to key policymakers and publics in the U.S., China, and throughout East Asia. (SG-106-94) $50,000

ATLANTIC COUNCIL OF THE UNITED STATES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Alfred D. Wilhelm, Jr.): A project to edit, publish and distribute a collection of papers on recent developments and prospects for cross-Strait relations between Taiwan and China. (USIP-700) $3,000

AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Canberra 0200 ACT Australia(Project Director(s): Ben Reilly): A research project to consider the potential utility of designing electoral systems which encourage the candidates to seek the votes of members of ethnic groups other than their own, in order to encourage more moderate politics in ethnically divided societies. The research will be based on electoral cases studies of Sri Lanka, Fiji, Northern Ireland and Bosnia. (USIP-060-00S) $38,000

BOSTON COLLEGE, Chestnut Hill, MA (Project Director(s): Robert S. Ross): A grant to support a study on the impact of Sino-Soviet detente on efforts to resolve the conflict in Cambodia, with special emphasis on Moscow's recent move away from Hanoi's policy in Cambodia. (USIP-038-1-89) $30,000

BOSTON COLLEGE, Weston, MA (Project Director(s): Robert S. Ross): A research project to examine deterrence in post-Cold War East Asia, particularly the determinants of U.S.-China strategic stability. Utilizing Chinese and American sources, this book project will consider the role of nuclear weapons, extended deterrence, missile defense, and their impact on U.S. and Chinese security policies. (USIP-062-00F) $38,000

BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY, Waltham, MA (Project Director(s): Cynthia Cohen): A project to develop four teaching cases illustrating the nature of post-conflict reconciliation, emphasizing in particular the tensions between the demands of coexistence and of justice, as well as other ethical dilemmas, that confront practitioners working in community-level peacebuilding projects in conflict regions. The cases will be based on the experiences of fifteen conflict-resolution practitioners from South Africa, the Middle East, the Balkans, and Sri Lanka who have been selected as the first cohort of Brandeis International Fellows. (SG-68-98) $38,000

BROOKINGS INSTITUTION, THE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Stephen Cohen): A project to assess India's evolving status in the post cold war period, with particular attention to prospects for regional conflict management in a nuclearized subcontinent, role of domestic factors in foreign policy, and the impact of economic change on peace and security. (USIP-067-98F) $20,000

BROOKINGS INSTITUTION, THE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): R. Bates Gill): A project to examine American and Chinese differences on major international issues including the role of nuclear weapons, use of force by international organizations, alliances, and nonproliferation. The project will organize a year-long workshop as well as to produce a book. (USIP-124-99S) $35,000

CAMBODIA DOCUMENTATION COMMISSION, New York, NY (Project Director(s): David Hawk): A study to evaluate the efforts of the United Nations Transitional Authority for Cambodia to generate the conditions necessary for the successful implementation of the UN peace plan for Cambodia. The study will also draw conclusions from the Cambodia case regarding the ability of the international community to constructively resolve seemingly intractable local and regional conflicts. (USIP-163-92F) $20,000

CAMBODIAN INSTITUTE OF HUMAN RIGHTS, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Project Director(s): Kassie Neou): A project to assist Cambodia's transition to a stable peace, by organizing training workshops for provincial and lower-level government officials to improve their appreciation of democracy and to reduce inter-party hostility. (SG-87-97) $40,000

CAMBODIAN INSTITUTE OF HUMAN RIGHTS, Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Project Director(s): Kassie Neou): A training project aimed at more than 1,000 senior Cambodian officials and community leaders focusing on human rights and democracy; rule of law; gender awareness; good governance; and conflict resolution. (SG-150-01) $38,000

CARNEGIE COUNCIL ON ETHICS AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Joanne Bauer): A project to engage scholars and practitioners from the United States and East Asia in a series of workshops to analyze the conditions within the region that give rise to competing conceptions of human rights. Building upon both philosophical and policy-oriented research, the workshops will result in a series of articles, an edited volume of commissioned papers, and curricular materials for pre-college programs in the United States and abroad. (USIP-137-94F) $25,000

CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Geoffrey Kemp): A grant to complete a report on technical, economic, strategic, and arms control factors that have influenced the political-military environment in the Middle East and South Asia. The project will emphasize the relationship between proliferation of high-technology weapons systems and related military hardware, and the prospects for regional arms control mechanisms based on political solutions. (USIP-515) $40,000

CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Geoffrey Kemp & Selig Harrison): A grant to finance examination of the major elements of a possible nuclear restraint regime in South Asia. Discussions to be held in Pakistan and India will focus on verification issues and on such concepts as restraint, freeze, nuclear-safe zones, and limited deployment. The intent is to develop a workable agenda for a future nuclear dialogue on South Asia. (USIP-655) $5,932

CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Geoffrey Kemp): A grant to support workshops which will examine how geographic, demographic, cultural and technological asymmetries hamper the establishment of security arrangements in three regional conflicts: Arab-Israeli, Persian Gulf, and South Asia. The principle of "asymmetric reciprocity" - the acceptance of disproportionate, but mutually binding, restraints - as a way to manage such regional conflicts will be considered, as will possible political frameworks based on this principle in each of the three regional conflicts. (USIP-186-94S) $20,000

CENTER FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT, Almaty, Kazakhstan (Project Director(s): Lada Zimina): A project to organize a three-week course on conflict theory, management and prevention for NGO activists, practitioners, researchers, university and secondary school teachers, journalists and students from Central Asia and the Caucasus. The course aims to combine conventional forms of teaching with interactive pedagogical methods. (USIP-037-00F) $35,000

CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): George Tanham): A project to assess the dependence of various southern Asian nations on waters coming from China, as well as the potential environmental, social, economic, and political consequences for southern Asian states of water diversion by China. (USIP-080-97F) $14,500

CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Jakarta, Indonesia (Project Director(s): Rodd McGibbon): A research project charting Indonesia's uneven transition toward democracy, with particular emphasis on the weakness of domestic reformist forces, the legacies of authoritarianism, and the persistence of personalized patterns of political behavior. The project will result in a book. (SG-77-01) $39,995

CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF DEVELOPING SOCIETIES, Delhi, India (Project Director(s): Siddharth Dube): Through an historical study of four Indian extended families, this project will analyze why violence occupies a central place in the lives of the Indian poor, as well as every other section of contemporary Indian society. The four case studies will be used to draw generalizable hypotheses on poverty, violence and social change, particularly as they relate to caste, religion, and ethnicity in India. (USIP-110-94S) $25,000

CENTRAL ASIAN FOUNDATION, Kansasville, WI (Project Director(s): Paul B. Henze): A grant to support research on ethno-political relationships in the Sino-Soviet border region, with particular emphasis on: Uigur Chinese relations, especially the religious and cultural sources of recent demands by inhabitants of the Sinkiang-Uigur Autonomous Region (Chinese Turkestan) for greater independence; cross-border interactions among Inner Asian Muslim peoples, particularly the Kazakhs and implications for future Russo-Chinese relations; and the dynamics of Mongolian national assertiveness across various jurisdictions in China and the Soviet Union where they live. (USIP-36-91S) $30,000

CHANDRAHASAN, ANN NIRMALA, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Nirmala Chandrahasan): A grant in support of a comparative study of the extent to which international human rights standards and international conventions on refugee law have been applied in the practice of states making determinations regarding refugee status and asylum. This work will take the handling of Tamil refugees as a case study. (USIP-277) $5,000

CHANDRAHASAN, ANN NIRMALA, Madras, India (Project Director(s): Ann Nirmala Chandrahasan): A grant in support of a study on the Indo-Sri Lankan Peace Accord of July 1987 and the nature of India's intervention under international law. (SG-108-9) $7,500

CHANG, JAW-LING JOANNE, Baltimore, MD (Project Director(s): Jaw-ling Joanne Chang): A grant to complete a study examining the negotiating behavior of the Peoples' Republic of China (PRC), focusing on the peaceful settlement of the Hong Kong and Macao issues. The study will deal with the PRC's "one country, two systems" formula for settlement of such issues and will draw implications for the peaceful settlement of similar territorial disputes. (USIP-309) $10,000

CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, HUNTER COLLEGE, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Sumit K. Ganguly): A grant to support a project on the 1962 Sino-Indian border war. The analysis will combine a reappraisal of historical research with insights derived from social psychology. (SG-80-9) $28,750

CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, HUNTER COLLEGE, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Sumit Ganguly): A grant to support research comparing the experiences of Malaysia and Sri Lanka, focusing on how Malaysia has avoided widespread ethnic conflict whereas Sri Lanka has not. The research will investigate how specific policy choices taken at moments in each country's political development affected the presence or absence of widespread ethnic violence. (SG-38-97) $38,000

CLOUGH, RALPH N., Arlington, VA (Project Director(s): Ralph N. Clough): A grant to support a study on the implications of Track II diplomacy--unofficial contacts between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC)--for the Taiwanese independence movement, the potential for the PRC to use force, and the ROC's official policy toward the PRC. (USIP-560) $20,000

COLLEGE OF THE HOLY CROSS, Worcester, MA (Project Director(s): John O. Voll & John Esposito): A project to examine the potential and actual conflicts that arise as a result of demands for both Islamization and for democratization in the Islamic world. This will include analysis of conceptualizations of democracy and identity which are emerging in Islamist movements in such countries as Sudan, Tunisia, Algeria, Egypt, Pakistan, and Iran. Comparisons will be made with how Islam and democracy interact in Malaysia, Indonesia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Attention will also be given to how these conflicts might be resolved. (SG-158-92) $58,960

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Richard K. Betts): A study to assess whether regional arms control after the Cold War can work, with a focus on the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, and Northeast Asia. A major objective will be to analyze the implications of multipolarity on calculations of stable military balances, as well as the effects of multipolarity on negotiation and durability of arms limitations. Historical cases from 1899 to 1939 will be utilized, along with relevant lessons from US-USSR arms control experience. (USIP-126-91F) $30,000

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Richard Bulliet, Edward Allworth, Barnett Rubin): A project of workshops and field research focusing on Central Asia: (1) to analyze and assess the main characteristics of Central Asian and Middle Eastern societies, with particular attention to features held in common; (2) to identify the principal features of international relations in the region, including alliances, treaties, and enmities; and (3) to propose ideal, realistic and worse-case solutions to the security and peace requirements of the region. (SG-71-92) $35,000

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Andrea Bartoli): A training and workshop project for minority ethnic groups in Burma to provide the necessary skills to negotiate a unified position and a common voice to be used in future tripartite discussions with the Burmese pro-democracy forces and the State Peace and Development Council. The training program will draw on the cultural and intellectual resources of the minority ethnic groups in an effort to transform conflicts in which they are involved. (SG-157-01) $38,485

COMMITTEE FOR POLICY STUDIES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): C. Dennison Lane): A project to analyze the Royal Thai Army's successful nonviolent campaign against the Communist insurgency in Thailand. Taking into account the political, social and economic roots of conflicts around the world, the researcher will also develop lessons relevant to other countries and for future U.S. peacekeeping missions. (USIP-093-95S) $35,000

CONCILIATION RESOURCES, London, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Andy Carl): A project focusing on the peace negotiations between the Papua New Guinea government and secessionist movements in Bougainville, which is posited to offer broader lessons on managing secessionist demands and violent conflict over state sovereignty. The project will produce a monograph. (USIP-098-00F) $35,000

COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Jerome Cohen): A conference for experts from mainland China and Taiwan, along with Amercian specialists, to examine and debate precedents in international law in order to rethink some basic ideas concerning Taiwan's status over the near and long term. (USIP-715) $43,000

COUNCIL ON PUBLIC POLICY EDUCATION, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Harold H. Saunders, Gennady Chufrin, Randa Slim): A project to extend the results of unofficial diplomacy between the government of Tajikistan and insurgents to building peace in a post-conflict setting. The project will utilize university professors active in the unofficial talks to create university-level courses in Tajikistan aimed at institutionalizing an ethos of conflict resolution in a developing civil society. (SG-13-96) $32,000

DREXEL UNIVERSITY, Philadelphia, PA (Project Director(s): Roy Kim): A grant in support of a study on Gorbachev and the two Koreas, investigating Moscow's new initiatives to resolve the regional conflict on the Korean peninsula. The project will delineate Gorbachev's initiatives regarding reconciliation of Soviet obligations to North Korea while engaging in a potential rapprochement with South Korea. (USIP-594) $32,000

EAST ASIA RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): John F. Copper): A study of the threat of ethnic conflict between locally born Taiwanese and Chinese of mainland origin to political stability and democratization in Taiwan. The project director will investigate both the seriousness of this conflict and what might be done to resolve it. (SG-82-92) $30,000

EAST-WEST CENTER, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Dru C. Gladney): A book project to examine the sources of recent ethnic conflict in three minority areas of China: Tibet, Xinjiang and Yunnan. Based on field research, the study will document past cases of conflict, analyze state-sponsored resolution policies, describe specific policy implementation in the regions and suggest ways in which internal colonialism theory might deepen understanding of ethnic conflict in China and provide alternative approaches for peaceful resolution. (USIP-137-97S) $38,000

ELMIRA COLLEGE, Elmira, NY (Project Director(s): Rafiuddin Ahmed): A project to assess the impact of Islamic fundamentalism on Muslim societies in South Asia and the Middle East. Focusing on the Jama't-i-Islami in Pakistan and Bangladesh and the Ikhwan al Muslimun in Egypt, the PD will produce a book that examines the fundamentalist commitment to revolutionary change and its implications for the future of peace and political stability in those countries. (USIP-099-94F) $26,262.5

ETHICS AND PUBLIC POLICY CENTER, Chevy Chase, MD (Project Director(s): Ernest W. Lefever): A research project to critically examine the actual and potential impact of nuclear weapons on strategic and regional stability. The study will include consideration of the debates over Hiroshima, the H-bomb, arms control treaties, and the recent acquisition of nuclear and missile capability by India and Pakistan. (USIP-717) $10,000

FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Philadelphia, PA (Project Director(s): Ross Munro): A grant to support examination of prospects for peace and war in South Asia and the Indian Ocean Basin. Research will focus on the implications for the region of India's foreign and defense policies. Various rationales for India's military buildup; India's actual and desired role in regional and international relations; perceived military threats to India; and Indian elite attitudes toward war and peace, collective security, and conflict resolution, will be analyzed. (USIP-94-91S) $40,000

FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Philadelphia, PA (Project Director(s): Martha Olcott): A project to produce a book on the evolution of political currents in Kazakhstan with particular attention on conflict prevention. The project will examine the emergence of local political coalitions, the nature of power among local authorities, the role of external agents in local politics, the responses of the central government to growing local authority and the prospects that Kazakhstan can develop a national identity which could serve as the basis for domestic stability and the formation of international policy. (USIP-060-94F) $25,000

FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Philadelphia, PA (Project Director(s): Rensselaer W. Lee): A project to research the sources, dimensions and implications of the illegal trafficking of radioactive and other nuclear materials, particularly in Russia and the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. Focusing on the market incentives, organized crime, and security lapses that have fueled the trade in nuclear materials, the research will result in policy recommendations aimed at stemming the proliferation threat. (USIP-101-96S) $39,000

FUND FOR PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Keith Fitzgerald): A project to provide negotiation skills training to the negotiating teams representing the Philippines government and the Moro Liberation Front as the two sides try to move toward a peace process to end the civil war in Mindanao. Teaching materials based on this case study will also be produced. (USIP-722) $10,000

GARRETT, BANNING, Reston, VA (Project Director(s): Banning Garrett): A grant to support research on the development and assessment of possible approaches for a transition to a non-adversarial post-Cold War relationship among major powers in Northeast Asia. The project will analyze Soviet, Chinese, Japanese and American perspectives on the nature of the relationship and examine modalities for easing tensions, reducing forces and enhancing security cooperation in the region. (USIP-76-90F) $30,000

GEORGE FOX COLLEGE, Newberg, OR (Project Director(s): Lon Fendall & Ron Mock): A grant to research and write a book-length manuscript on recent political transitions in the Philippines and Haiti as part of the development of an undergraduate curriculum on international peace and nonviolent conflict management. (USIP-272) $15,000

GEORGE FOX COLLEGE, Newberg, OR (Project Director(s): Lon Fendall & Ron Mock): A follow-on grant for the preparation of a college level textbook that will incorporate case studies of small-scale conflict situations resolved nonviolently. The project directors will base two of their case studies (Haiti and the Philippines) on work accomplished under a previous Institute grant. (USIP-090-1-89) $30,000

GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY, Fairfax, VA (Project Director(s): Bui Diem and Nguyen Manh Hung): A grant to support the continuation of a study on negotiations between the U.S. and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) during the Vietnam War. (USIP-103-3-90) $15,000

GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY, Fairfax, VA (Project Director(s): Dennis J.D. Sandole): A two-year program to develop a collaborative affiliation between George Mason University's Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution and Yerevan State University, Armenia; Baku State University, Azerbaijan; Tbilisi State University, Georgia and Bilkent University, Turkey. Undergraduate programs in conflict resolution will be developed and eventually linked to joint research projects involving educators from all 5 universities. (USIP-070-93F) $70,000

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Constantine Menges): A grant to support a study of the political settlements and negotiations in contemporary regional conflicts in Afghanistan, Cambodia, Angola, Mozambique and Nicaragua. (USIP-055-2-90) $15,000

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): R. Richard Grinker): A project to analyze the cultural and social dimensions of relations between North and South Korea, with particular reference to the popular attitudes of South Koreans toward North Korea and toward unification. The resulting book will assess the prospects for unification and make recommendations as to how unification might be achieved peacefully and without coercion. (USIP-031-94F) $35,000

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): John C. Baker): A project to assess how images from commercial observation satellites can help promote confidence in the southeast Asia-Pacific rim region by making information that was previously available only to governments on the sensitive region publicly available to all parties, including international organizations, scholars and non-governmental organizations. The research will address how such enhanced transparency may assist in the creation of a multilateral regime to monitor developments in the disputed South China Sea region to build confidence and improve regional security. (USIP-152-97S) $38,500

GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Bruce J. Dickson): A project to study the link between economic and political change, in particular between privatization and democratization, by examining the evolving relationship between private entrepreneurs in China and the Chinese Communist Party. (USIP-104-98S) $40,000

GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): David D. Newsom & Riaz Khan): A grant to support research on international diplomatic initiatives to resolve the Afghanistan conflict, tracing the evolution of these initiatives from early 1980 to the signing of the Geneva accords in April 1988. The project directors will stress the role and dimensions of the UN-sponsored negotiations in Geneva. (USIP-108-1-89) $26,724

GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Marietta, GA (Project Director(s): Daniel S. Papp): A grant to support a study comparing the steps that have been taken to resolve conflicts in Angola, Afghanistan, Cambodia, and Nicaragua. (SG-54-8) $20,000

GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY, Queensland, Australia (Project Director(s): Russell Trood & Ken Booth): A project utilizing the concept of strategic culture and assessing its importance in shaping the regional security environment in the Asia-Pacific region. The study will attempt to define the strategic cultures of selected regional states and explore: (a) the extent to which cultures contribute to regional peacemaking and conflict resolution activities, and (b) the extent to which strategic cultures in the region encourage the emergence of regional security regimes. (USIP-061-92F) $30,000

HAMPTON UNIVERSITY, Hampton, VA (Project Director(s): Mumtaz Ahmad): A study to examine the perceptions, attitudes and policies of Islamic movements in Pakistan, Sudan and Malaysia toward the ethnic problems of their respective countries. The focal point will be the treatment of ethnic particularism and diversity in the political theory and practice of three major Islamic movements. Of particular interest will be the ethnic problem in the context of the conceptualization of an Islamic state as a monolithic ideological entity with aspirations for Pan-Islamic unity. (SG-23-92) $27,500

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Ashutosh Varshney): A study of Hindu-Muslim conflict in India, occasioned by the fact that tensions have increased recently and have had a major impact on Indian politics. The project seeks to understand the causes of Muslim alienation by comparing Hindu-Muslim politics in towns where communal tensions repeatedly flare up with matched towns that have historically enjoyed communal amity. (SG-160-92) $44,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Nicholas Eberstadt): This project explores some of the basic social and political problems and choices that would confront policymakers were South and North Korea be peacefully reunited, problems and choices that would arise on the now-partitioned pennisula and abroad. Based on previous work conducted by the project director on contemporary post-Communist societies such as former East Germany - as well as recent research on North Korea - issues such as reconciliation, assimilation, and sustained development are considered. (USIP-162-93F) $45,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Alastair I. Johnston): A project to test learning versus strategic adaptation models of policy change to explain the variation in Chinese participation in global and regional arms control processes. Using systematic content analysis, interviews, institutional analysis and primary materials, the study will test for evidence of learning in Chinese approaches to the Non-Proliferation Treaty, strategic nuclear arms control, and the CTB, among other issues. Attention will also be given to the policy implications of the project's findings. (USIP-168-94S) $38,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): John S. Schoeberlein-Engel): Based on extensive community-level field research in Central Asia, this project undertakes to provide a comprehensive analysis of the causes of recent interethnic conflicts in Central Asia, as well as the practical measures that could be taken to avoid further strife. (USIP-063-96S) $37,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Herbert C. Kelman & Donna Hicks): A grant to support a facilitated dialogue between unofficial opinion-makers in Sri Lanka on ways to end the civil war in that country and to achieve a negotiated settlement. (USIP-080-96F) $40,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Ezra F. Vogel & Paul Evans): A project to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of non-official peacemaking efforts in northeast Asia, southeast Asia, South Asia, and the Asia-Pacific regions. The study will assess the types and origins of such efforts and their impact on the management of political security issues at the regional and country-specific level. The research will yield recommendations on how non-official conflict resolution efforts can be improved. (USIP-127-97S) $40,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Mark Kramer & Richard Pipes): A project, informed by the experience of great power politics in Tibet during the Cold War, that will consider the future course of U.S. diplomacy in Tibet to reduce ethnic strife in the region. The project will bring together leading scholars from the U.S. and the region, with the proceedings of the meeting to be published. (USIP-116-01S) $35,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, ASIA CENTER, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Ezra F. Vogel): A conference project to bring together leading scholars from China, Japan and the U.S. with the objective of collaborating to gain an objective and scholarly perspective on the Sino-Japanese war of 1931-1945, and the circumstances that led to it. This conference, which will focus on the topic of local governments, is the first of four annual conferences in subsequent years on other topics including military history; culture; education and propaganda; and international relations. (SG-3-01) $40,000

HENRY L. STIMSON CENTER, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Cathleen Fisher): A grant to support research on confidence-building measures to increase stability and reduce tensions on the Korean Peninsula. (USIP-090-2-90) $11,550

HICKS, DAVID, Stony Brook, NY (Project Director(s): David Hicks): A grant to support a study on the war in East Timor. The project will examine the causes of the conflict in terms of the dynamic interaction of myth and ethnicity. (USIP-545) $30,000

HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Hong Kong, China (Project Director(s): David Zweig): A core issue in political development is the relationship among democracy, conflict and economic growth. Through a survey of 200 villages in China, this project will assess the impact of socio-economic and political variables on the ability of China's villages to establish democratic procedures and outcomes. (USIP-082-95F) $49,500

INDIANA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, Indiana, PA (Project Director(s): Timothy Austin): A research project to explore changes in Muslim/Christian conflict since the emergence of an autonomous region for Muslims in Mindanao in southern Philippines. The project will emphasize the nature of local conflict management, and consider the extent to which the Mindanao protype could serve as a model for other regions experiencing ethno-religious conflict. (USIP-016-00S) $30,000

INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, INC., Quezon City, Philippines (Project Director(s): Carolina G. Hernandez): A project to bring together a group of ASEAN Law of the Sea experts in an attempt to move toward a common understanding of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) by the different countries in the region. (SG-160-01) $35,000

INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR DEVELOPMENT POLICY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Frank Tatu): A grant to support a study on the role of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in promoting regional peace and cooperation with special emphasis on the resolution of intra-regional conflicts, particularly the Cambodian conflict. (USIP-564) $30,000

INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR DEVELOPMENT POLICY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Ning Lu): A grant to support research on the potential for conflict, and the ways of managing and resolving inter-state rivalry, in the South China Sea. Project goals include the development of a paradigm for Third World conflict prevention and resolution in the post-Cold War strategic environment. (USIP-47-90F) $30,000

INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR ETHNIC STUDIES, Kandy, Sri Lanka (Project Director(s): K. M. de Silva): A project to investigate the failures of past post-settlement peacebuilding efforts in Sri Lanka to identify and analyze future options for ending that country's civil war and building a stable peace. The project will explore issues such as transitional arrangements, power sharing and institutional design, demobilization and disarmament, economic reconstruction, refugees, and administration of majority-Tamil areas, among others. The project will assess how proposals for post-settlement peacebuilding can be used to restart and sustain negotiations aimed at ending the civil war. (SG-116-97) $35,000

INTERNATIONAL PEACE ACADEMY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Arun P. Elhance): A project to explore the process of negotiation and mediation that led to the conclusion of the Indo-Bangladesh Ganges water agreement of 1996. The research will analyze the structural factors and circumstances that led to the agreement in order to draw lessons from the negotiations leading to the water-sharing pact for other efforts to enhance regional cooperation in South Asia. (USIP-072-97S) $15,000

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Craig Etcheson): A research project to investigate the attempt to establish a mixed national-international tribunal-a new institutional form-on war crimes in Cambodia, focusing particularly on the obstacles to date and the lessons that may be gleaned. The project will result in a book. (SG-41-01) $44,000

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, SAIS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): William V. Garner): A grant to study how Soviet perceptions of foreign political and military threats are integrated into the Soviet foreign policymaking process. The project will examine this process in a variety of contexts: theater nuclear weapons, the Strategic Defense Initiative, Islamic nationalism, and China. (USIP-519) $34,800

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, SAIS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Peter W. Rodman): A grant to support analysis of superpower policies toward conflicts in Afghanistan, Angola, Cambodia, and Nicaragua. The study will examine the extent to which these conflicts undermined superpower relations or served to advance a positive climate in such relations. (USIP-039-1-89) $55,000

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, SAIS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Frederick Z. Brown): A grant to support research on the Cambodian conflict and the efforts to resolve it through political compromise brokered and administered by the United Nations. The project will focus on details of the UN plan of August 1990, its current status, and possible future course of the Cambodian peace process if the UN plan drifts into limbo or collapses outright. (USIP-19-91S) $22,000

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, SAIS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Roxane D. V. Sismanidis): A grant to support research on the interrelationship among China's weapons-modernization, arms transfer, and arms control policies in the context of China's evolving security objectives. (SG-59-94) $33,151

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, SAIS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Nate Thayer): A project to analyze critically the disastrous conflict and peacebuilding in Cambodia from 1978 to 1996. The book will analyze the moral and political choices and compromises undertaken by Cambodian factions and the regional and superpowers in an attempt to achieve Cambodian and regional peace. (USIP-675) $34,000

JUERGENSMEYER, MARK, Berkeley, CA (Project Director(s): Mark Juergensmeyer): A grant to support a study on religious violence and nationalism in the Third World focusing on Sri Lanka, Pakistan, the Punjab (India), Iran, and Egypt. (SG-42-8) $40,000

KATHA ORGANIZATION, Colombo, Sri Lanka (Project Director(s): Arjuna Parakrama): A grass roots project involving residents of village communities bordering Sinhalese and Tamil areas in Sri Lanka in peacebuilding efforts. The project seeks to challenge traditional elite-based models of conflict resolution, and offer alternative approaches. (USIP-112-00F) $38,000

KOREA ECONOMIC INSTITUTE OF AMERICA, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Peter Beck): A conference project to consider some of the major challenges that lie ahead for peacemaking on the Korean peninsula. The conference, which will be held in Shanghai, China, will be comprised of American and regional experts on Korea. Special attention will be given to how economic engagement may be conceived as part of the larger effort toward Korean reconciliation. (USIP-726) $10,000

LEHIGH UNIVERSITY, Bethlehem, PA (Project Director(s): Chaim Kaufmann): A project to generate generalizations to differentiate between those ethnic conflicts that can be resolved by a reconstruction of identities through power sharing arrangements and those where violence can only be avoided by communal autonomy, separation or partition. The research will include case studies of India, the former Yugoslavia, and Sri Lanka. (USIP-116-96F) $40,000

MANHATTANVILLE COLLEGE, Purchase, NY (Project Director(s): Kwan Ha Yim): A grant to support a project on the North-South dialogue in Korea, assessing the current phase of the intermittent negotiations between the two Korean regimes and its significance for U.S. foreign policy. (SG-02-9) $30,000

MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY, Milwaukee, WI (Project Director(s): Raju G. C. Thomas): Support for a study of strategic stability in South Asia, assessing: (1) the impact of threats to internal security in such places as Kashmir, Punjab, and Assam; (2) the extent to which internal and external security pressures erode democratic processes in the region; and (3) interaction between extra-regional security pressures and the military balance and political stability of South Asia. (USIP-82-91S) $20,000

MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY, Milwaukee, WI (Project Director(s): Rajesh S. Kadian): A project to analyze India's policy toward China with regard to Chinese sovereignty over the disputed territory of Tibet. The project will attempt to define and suggest means whereby the interests of the various parties can be better reconciled and tensions between the world's two most populous countries eased. (USIP-081-94F) $11,000

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): David Asher): A project to write a book on the potential impacts of Japanese economic changes domestically and internationally, with a focus on implications for the US-Japan security alliance. The project will also consider ramifications for Japanese relations with China, Russia and South Korea. (USIP-080-99S) $37,000

MERCY CORPS INTERNATIONAL, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): C. Kenneth Quinones): A project to assess the North Korean government's evolving approach to integrating the country into the international community, which will rely on the government's public commentary as well as its policies and actions. A report will be produced focusing on potential roles for NGOs in this possible transition by North Korea. (USIP-152-99F) $25,000

MODERN MANAGEMENT CENTER, Shanghai, China (Project Director(s): Ji Guoxing): A project to examine energy security in the Asian Pacific region, with a particular focus on China. The study will address the changing energy needs in the Asia Pacific, including the spiraling demand for oil in China, China's role in energy security in the region, the importance of Russia in the regional equation, and ways to promote cooperation that will facilitate sustainable regional economic development and China's integration into the world economic community. (USIP-160-97S) $35,000

MODERN MANAGEMENT CENTER, Shanghai, China (Project Director(s): Ji Guoxing): A project to assess the growing importance of the sea lines of communication (SLOC) for China and its regional implications, including China's naval build-up and naval strategy, and prospects for regional SLOC cooperation. (USIP-007-99F) $15,000

MONTEREY INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Monterey, CA (Project Director(s): Eric Croddy): A project to examine Chinese attitudes and policies on the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the negotiations surrounding the Biological Weapons Convention, as well as the the impact of Taiwan's special status on chemical and biological weapons arms control. The project will engage Chinese and Taiwanese government officials in addressing these issues. The findings of the project will be reported in a monograph in both Chinese and English. (USIP-021-99F) $30,000

MONTEREY INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Monterey, CA (Project Director(s): Monte Bullard): A four-week training project to train 15 Chinese arms control and non-proliferation experts on how to teach arms control to their students in China. The project will develop lecture notes and viewgraphs in both Chinese and English, as well as CD-ROMs containing all course material. (USIP-060-99F) $35,000

MONTEREY INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Monterey, CA (Project Director(s): Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu & Jing-dong Yuan): A research project to examine the impact of international, regional and domestic factors on the prospects for Sino-Indian cooperation after India's nuclear tests of May 1998. A major objective of the study is to identify policy relevant options for potential cooperation between India and China at the Track I and Track II levels. (USIP-209-00S) $35,000

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ASIAN RESEARCH, Seattle, WA (Project Director(s): Herbert Ellison & Donald Hellmann): A grant to support a study of the impact of Soviet-Japanese- American relations on the development of new international security and economic arrangements in Northeast Asia. The project will focus on the Hokkaido issue and the ongoing negotiations which may result in a settlement that establishes new parameters for post-Cold War security and economic order in this region. (USIP-122-90F) $30,000

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ASIAN RESEARCH, Seattle, WA (Project Director(s): Sheldon Simon & Donald Emmerson): A study of security, democracy, and prosperity in the Asian-Pacific area, aimed at illuminating Asian perspectives and American objectives in relation to these issues. The project will also assess Asian-Pacific emerging regionalism and multilateral cooperation. (SG-78-94) $41,403

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ASIAN RESEARCH, Seattle, WA (Project Director(s): Rajan Menon & Robert Ebel): A research and conference program that will engage leading area specialists, energy-sector analysts, and international relations scholars to explore the tendencies for energy development in Central Asia and the Transcaucasus to cause, exacerbate, or mitigate conflict. The resulting volume will address the relationship between energy and political power, economic development, ethnic conflict, and arms buildups, as well as the competition among powers for access to resources. (USIP-102-97F) $35,000

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ASIAN RESEARCH, Tempe, AZ (Project Director(s): Sheldon W. Simon): A research project to evaluate the effectiveness of Track II initiatives in Asia-Pacific focusing on the Councils for Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific (CSCAP). The study will assess the influence of CSCAPS in a number of member countries, including the U.S., Japan, China, South Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. (USIP-107-99F) $25,000

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES, Bangalore, Kamataka, India (Project Director(s): S. Rajagopal): A conference project to bring together experts from India, Pakistan, China and the U.S. to consider the challenges faced by a nuclearized subcontinent, with particular focus on how the demands of stable deterrence may be met. The proceedings of the conference will result in an edited volume. (SG-163-01) $29,565

NATIONAL POLICY ASSOCIATION (NPA), Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Erland Heginbotham): A project to conduct a series of on-line dialogues via Internet between groups of American and Japanese experts and opinion leaders. The dialogues, which will be set in a conflict management framework, will address Asian policy issues that affect the vital interest of both countries. The project will include workshops for policy makers and opinion leaders and will result in a database of materials and published proceedings on each issue and an analysis of the process of cross-cultural policy dialogue using on-line communications. (USIP-156-95S) $35,000

NEBRASKA WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY, Lincoln, NE (Project Director(s): Robert C. Oberst): A grant to support a study on the nature of the youth revolt and political violence in Sri Lanka. (SG-23-9) $20,000

NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): David B. H. Denoon): A project that will combine economic and political analysis to assess whether the rapid economic growth in East Asia is likely to produce co-operative or conflictual foreign and security policies in the region. The project will result in a set of policy-oriented and academic articles. (USIP-188-94F) $25,000

NIXON CENTER, THE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): David M. Lampton): A project to explore the points of conflict which drive the arms race in the Asia-Pacific, to analyze the trends in arms acquisition and production, and to craft political strategies to deal effectively with these developments. (SG-132-00) $30,000

NONVIOLENCE INTERNATIONAL, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Warren Strobel & Tiffany Danitz): A project to assess the use of the Internet as a means for organizing nonviolent civic resistance to human rights abuses and authoritarian rule in Burma. The research will investigate the extent of use of the Internet by civic activists within the country and abroad in organizing opposition to the regime, as well as the potential impact of these activities on efforts to democratize. (USIP-695) $10,743

OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION, Columbus, OH (Project Director(s): Richard Herrmann): A study involving 20 Korean experts who will be surveyed to ascertain their views on critical policy questions relating to accommodation between North and South Korea. Experts will construct future scenarios which will then be analyzed and updated after one year, with the intent of evaluating the prospects for using scenario-based methods. (SG-23-01) $40,000

OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Tony Lake): A grant to support a study on economic development and reconstruction in the aftermath of war in Southern Africa, the Horn of Africa, Indochina, Afghanistan, and Central America. (SG-38-9) $30,000

PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY, Los Angeles, CA (Project Director(s): Gregory F. Treverton): A project to convene a series of meetings between some 100 Koreans and Americans (public and private sector based participants) in an attempt to determine the future of North and South Korea at three different levels: internal, regional and international. A report distilling the findings will be produced and widely disseminated. (USIP-728) $10,000

PACIFIC FORUM CSIS, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Richard L. Grant): A grant in support of a workshop of scholars and practitioners from policy institutes in the Asia-Pacific region. Participants hope to develop strategies for anticipating and reducing the potential for regional conflict. The project will assess emerging social, economic, security and political conditions, and attempt to develop ways of addressing potential sources of conflict. (USIP-115-3-90) $30,000

PACIFIC FORUM CSIS, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Amos A. Jordan): A project to create a multilateral task force within the framework of the Council on Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific that will examine possible regional confidence building measures. Representatives from Asia-Pacific countries will meet and disseminate their findings to regional governments, the U.S. government and the ASEAN Regional Forum. (USIP-098-93F) $40,000

PACIFIC FORUM CSIS, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): James A. Kelly): A grant to support a meeting of specialists from fifteen members of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, along with participants from China and Vietnam, on the subject of confidence and security building mechanisms (CSBMs) for the region. The meeting will focus on regional compliance with the UN Conventional Arms Register as well as other issues related to military policy. (USIP-075-95F) $35,000

PACIFIC FORUM CSIS, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Ralph A. Cossa): A grant to support a conference of the International Working Group on CSBM's (confidence and security building measures) of the Council for Security and Cooperation in Asia (CSCAP). The conference will bring together security specialists from Asian countries to focus on multilateral initiatives for managing the peaceful use of nuclear energy, the prospects for a regional arms register, and the means for sustaining an East Asian preventive diplomacy program. (USIP-028-97F) $35,000

PACIFIC FORUM CSIS, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Ralph A. Cossa): This project will examine achievements and future challenges for implementing the Agreed Framework, signed by the U.S. and North Korea in October 1994. Project entails a series of interviews with government experts and policy analysts in Seoul, Pyongyang, Washington D.C. and New York to produce an evaluation which will include suggestions for policy adjustments as necessary for consideration by the official community. (USIP-714) $22,000

PARLIAMENTARIANS FOR GLOBAL ACTION, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Jean Krasno): A project to train members of parliament from six South Asian countries on conflict resolution principles and techniques. Participants in the training will develop skills in negotiating the peaceful settlement of disputes among neighboring states, mediation in ethnic and religious conflict, and skills that will prepare them for involvement both in South Asia and outside the South Asian region. (USIP-057-94F) $30,000

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, University Park, PA (Project Director(s): Syedur Rahman): A grant to support a project on the 1971 India-Pakistan War and the creation of Bangladesh, focusing on the causes and consequences of the war. (SG-43-9) $25,000

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, Princeton, NJ (Project Director(s): Gilbert Rozman): A project which looks at regionalism and cross-national integration in Northeast Asia. Through close examination of local publications and selective interviews, the study will focus on nine major cities in China, Russia, and Japan that are seeking to play a central role in regional integration. (SG-68-94) $50,000

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, Princeton, NJ (Project Director(s): Minxin Pei): A grant to investigate the proposition that transitions from highly institutionalized authoritarian regimes are more likely to succeed than from regimes that are less institutionalized, focusing on the historical experiences of Taiwan, South Korea, Malaysia, and Thailand. The book-length project will address three specific questions: (1) What are the dynamics of transition from "hard" or deeply entrenched and oppressive authoritarian regimes to those that are "soft" or less oppressive? (2) What are the internal dynamics of "soft," or less oppressive, authoritarian regimes that are highly institutionalized? (3) What are the ways to democratize "soft authoritarian," but highly institutionalized, regimes? The experience of the case studies will be used to assess the prospects for democratization in Vietnam, China, and Indonesia. (SG-71-94) $37,000

RAND, Thousand Oaks, CA (Project Director(s): Graham E. Fuller): A study which focuses on the five major players in the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Russia and Iran. The study examines the sources of foreign policy behavior for each of these states, the new international and regional political environment within which the new foreign policies are unfolding, and how present conflicts are likely to evolve. The study attempts to place the conflicts of the Caucasus, Turkey-Iran, Central Asian triangle in a broader international context. (SG-108-93) $50,000

RATNER, STEVEN R. , Austin, TX (Project Director(s): Steven R. Ratner): A study to examine new roles for the United Nations in the settlement of regional conflicts. The project will first consider the institutions of the UN involved in peacemaking, principally the Office of the Secretary-General and the Security Council; it will then study pertinent precedents where the UN has played an active part in the creation of the settlement and its execution on the ground. Particular emphasis will be given to the Cambodian peace process as pointing the UN in new directions in this field. (USIP-027-92F) $20,000

REFUGEE POLICY GROUP, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Dennis Gallagher & Susan Forbes Martin): A grant to support a study on programs for repatriating refugees. The project will focus on Afghanistan as a case study. (USIP-610) $35,000

RUSSIAN CENTER FOR STRATEGIC RESEARCH AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Moscow, Russia (Project Director(s): Vitaly V. Naumkin): A grant to study ethnic conflict in the Central Asian and Caucasus regions of the former USSR. The project will assess the economic and social context, the historical roots, political and religious sources, and the domestic and international implications of these conflicts. The research will also lead to recommendations for the reduction and management of ethnic conflict in these regions. (USIP-648) $30,000

SAMAJIK SHAIKSHANIK VIKAS KENDRA, Munirka, New Delhi, India (Project Director(s): Mukul Sharma): A project to consider the the links between coastal conflicts in South Asia and the region's economic, political and environmental conditions. A book geared toward making short and longer term policy recommendations will be produced. (USIP-021-00F) $41,800

SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION, San Diego, CA (Project Director(s): Mikhail A. Alexseev): A project to assemble policy relevant data on economic growth fueled by Chinese migration and cross-border trade in the Russian Far East, and its potential impact on nationalist activism by ethnic Russians in the region. The data will include a public opinion survey which will be widely disseminated. (SG-120-00) $40,000

SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Seoul, Korea (Project Director(s): Yong-Ho Kim): A grant to study North Korean negotiating behavior. Focusing on instances of U.S. and South Korean negotiations with North Korea, the project will seek to determine North Korean negotiating styles and compare those with the patterns of negotiating behavior of other communist states. (SG-27-95) $35,000

SHANGHAI CENTER FOR PACIFIC-RIM STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Shanghai, China (Project Director(s): Qimao Chen): A research project to analyze the divergence and convergence of interests between the U.S. and China on the question of Taiwan. A main objective of the study is to provide policy recommendations on ways the U.S. and China may work to defuse the cross-straits crisis. (SG-80-00) $20,000

SINAI, JOSHUA, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Joshua Sinai): A grant to complete a study on the capacity of moderate regimes in El Salvador, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, India, Israel, and Northern Ireland to respond peacefully to challenges posed by violent opposition movements. (USIP-456) $25,000

SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL, New York, NY (Project Director(s): David Featherman, Atul Kohli, Amrita Basu & Itty Abraham): A project to study political violence in India in order to understand why there is more political violence in India today than ever before. The project examines the mutual interaction of the state and various communities to see both how the state might define, encourage or be complicit with violence, as well as how communities resort to violence as a primary strategy in the political arena. Religion, ethnicity, and caste will be given special attention as they relate to the genesis and the character of political violence. (USIP-021-94S) $10,000

STANFORD UNIVERSITY, Stanford, CA (Project Director(s): Jialin Zhang): A project to consider the impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union on China's foreign policy. The study will explore China's analysis of recent geopolitical and strategic changes, China's foreign policy goals, and the potential for regional conflicts involving China. Also to be considered are the implications of China's new efforts to enhance its military capabilities and to increase arm sales. The implications of ethnic strife and tension in the Taiwan Strait will also be explored. (USIP-047-92S) $33,000

STANFORD UNIVERSITY, Stanford, CA (Project Director(s): David Holloway & Stephen Stedman): A project to evaluate the dilemmas for American foreign policy of conflict resolution in situations of internal conflict. Considering such cases as Bosnia, Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, and Cambodia, this project will assess conflict resolution strategies and techniques available to US policy makers. The project will focus on how policy makers might order priorities, define rules that contain conflict, and establish international precedents for action. (USIP-166-95S) $35,000

STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SIPRI), Solna, Sweden (Project Director(s): R. Bates Gill): A study to document and assess the process of "globalization" in the arms industry of East Asia and its resultant impact upon prospects for regional security and arms control. In book form, the study will provide an analytical framework, an empirical foundation, and a set of policy suggestions. (SG-16-94) $60,000

STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SIPRI), Solna, Sweden (Project Director(s): Taylor Seybolt): A comparative empirical study of the effectiveness of humanitarian military intervention in Bosnia, Kosovo, East Timor, Iraqi Kurdistan and Rwanda. The project will consider how best to measure the effectiveness of intervention, factors which account for successful versus unsuccessful interventions, and how to increase the likelihood of success. The results will be published in a book. (SG-43-00) $30,000

SWARTHMORE COLLEGE, Swarthmore, PA (Project Director(s): Deepa Ollapally): An examination of periods of rapprochement between India and Pakistan in order to identify the conditions under which detentes are most likely to occur. On the basis of this analysis the project director will asses the relative importance of external factors, which are usually emphasized, and internal factors in explaining periods of peace between states in conflict. (USIP-116-91F) $25,000

SWISS AFGHAN INSTITUTE, FOUNDATION BIBLIOTHECA AFGHANICA, Benzburweg 5, 4410 Liestal
Switzerland(Project Director(s): Paul Bucherer): A project to explore options for a peace settlement in Afghanistan, with particular attention to the possible applicability of government structures from the Swiss tradition. (USIP-708) $10,000

TOKYO FOUNDATION, THE, Tokyo, Japan (Project Director(s): Yoichi Funabashi): A project to explore how historical reconcilation has occurred in the context of past systematic violations of human rights including those of war, invasion, colonization, and genocide. Particular focus will be on Asia-Pacific, with the following cases to be studied: 1) Japan-China, 2) Japan-South Korea, 3) North Korea-South Korea, 4) China-Taiwan, 5) East Timor, 6) Cambodia, 7) Australia-Aborigines, and 8) U.S.-Asia. (USIP-723) $45,000

UNITED NATIONS INSTITUTE FOR TRAINING AND RESEARCH (UNITAR), Geneva, Switzerland (Project Director(s): Marcel Boisard): A project to assess and draw lessons from the UN's peacemaking program in Cambodia. A major conference on this subject is being organized in Singapore. Particular attention will be given to the kinds of training that should be employed in support of future UN peacemaking operations. (SG-95-93) $50,000

UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL, Montreal, Canada (Project Director(s): David Ownby): A research project to study the historical and cultural context of the emergence of the Falungong and the response of the Chinese government. The project will result in a book. (SG-121-01) $29,966

UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD, Bradford, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Shaun Gregory): In light of weak existing nuclear command and control technologies in India and Pakistan to manage their nuclear relationship, this project considers the concepts, procedures and arrangements which can help stablize nuclear crises in the subcontinent. (USIP-040-98F) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, Vancouver, Canada (Project Director(s): Kyung-Ae Park): A research project to analyze the domestic forces in North Korea's domestic which help shape its policy toward the United States. The resulting book will consider North Korea's ideology, beliefs and power relations, as well as domestic constraints, and their implications for North Korean-U.S. relations. (USIP-182-99S) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE, Irvine, CA (Project Director(s): Etel Solingen): A research project to investigate the longer terms implications of the Southeast Asian economic crisis in the late 1990s for the future of regional cooperation through the ASEAN Regional Forum. The research will result in a book. (USIP-160-01S) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, Los Angeles, CA (Project Director(s): Gi-Wook Shin): A research project to identify key sources of antagonisms between North and South Koreans, based on a nationwide survey to be conducted in South Korea. The survey data will be incorporated into a book on the politics of nationalism in the Korean peninsula. (USIP-088-99F) $15,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO, La Jolla, CA (Project Director(s): Ji Guoxing): A grant to support the research and writing of a monograph on China's maritime jurisdictional disputes with its Asian neighbors, particularly with regard to the Senkaku and the Spratly Islands Disputes. The project will examine confidence building measures that can be taken by China to peacefully resolve the disputes (SG-9-94) $40,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO, La Jolla, CA (Project Director(s): Stephan Haggard): A project to develop and implement internet technologies to enhance regional collaboration among policy practitioners and scholars from the United States, Russia, China, Japan, North Korea and South Korea who are participating in the Northeast Asia Cooperation Dialogue. (USIP-086-97S) $37,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO, La Jolla, CA (Project Director(s): Stephan Haggard): A project to develop a web-based system for multilateral information sharing and analyses between Americans, Chinese, Japanese and South Koreans in a "virtual" Track II effort with possible future inclusion of North Korea. This security forum aims to contribute to a cooperative order in the region. (SG-41-99) $45,000

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA, Santa Barbara, CA (Project Director(s): Tsuyoshi Hasegawa): A project to examine the history of Soviet/Russo-Japanese relations since 1985 in an effort to support how Japan and Russia can move beyond the current stalemate in their relations. The resulting book will focus on official bilateral relations, economic and security relations and territorial issues in an international context, as well as the linkages between foreign and domestic policy in both countries. (USIP-076-95S) $35,000

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC., Athens, GA (Project Director(s): Richard Cupitt & Martin Hillenbrand): A joint American-Indian research and workshop program to advance the security dialogue and understanding between India and the United States. The resulting book will address a range of security-related issues, including non-proliferation and the role of nuclear weapons in Asian geopolitics and it will identify current and potential areas of common ground between the U.S. and Indian strategic goals, as well as explore ways to expand confidence-building measures in South Asia. (SG-115-97) $38,000

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC., Athens, GA (Project Director(s): Victor Zaborsky & Anupam Srivastava): A project to explore the implications of a new and more restrictive U.S. satellite export policy under the Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act of 1999, with particular attention to its impact on the proliferation behavior of China, Russia and Ukraine, and the long-term security interests of the U.S. (SG-50-00) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII FOUNDATION, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Michael Haas): A grant to support a project on resolving the conflict in Cambodia, using the "options analysis" method to assess the various stages of the conflict. (SG-76-9) $12,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII FOUNDATION, Kaneohe, HI (Project Director(s): R. J. Rummel): A grant to continue development of a coded database for the purpose of examining cases of twentieth century genocide, politicide, massacres and other intentional killing. The project will focus particularly on such cases in the Soviet Union, the Peoples' Republic of China, and the Republic of China. (USIP-010-3-90) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, INSTITUTE FOR PEACE, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Jon Van Dyke, Stephen Uhalley; Betty Jacob (deceased)): A one-year grant to support two programs: (A) Asian Pacific Dialogue: as continuing research seminar for scholars and experts from market, non-market, and mixed economies in the Asian-Pacific region studying international peace and security issues facing that region; and (B) Human Rights Commission to develop a Human Rights Charter and Commission for the Pacific region. (USIP-050) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, INSTITUTE FOR PEACE, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Stephen Uhalley/Betty M. Jacob (deceased) ): A fourteen-month grant in support of a meeting of the International Advisory Committee for Asia-Pacific Dialogue. The committee will consider implementation of the second topic determined by the 1987 planning committee: "Economic Structural Change: Implementations for Conflict and Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific Region." (USIP-446) $24,274

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, INSTITUTE FOR PEACE, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Stephen Uhalley, Jr.): A grant to conduct the second in a series of conferences: The Asia-Pacific Dialogue. The second dialogue focuses on the continuing conflict with Cambodia, and on the conflict between North and South Korea. Participants will include leading scholars and practitioners from the Asia-Pacific region. (USIP-116-3-90) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, INSTITUTE FOR PEACE, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Majid Tehranian): A grant to undertake research on the role of communication networks, both traditional and modern, in filling the current ideological and political vacuum in five Central Asian republics. The study will also assess the impact of communication network on the processes of modernization and democratization. The study will consider the economic, political and culture forces shaping the future of the region and the implications of these developments for peace and security. (USIP-130-91F) $20,000

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Urbana, IL (Project Director(s): Stephen P. Cohen): A grant to support a study examining the role of the Soviet Union in South Asia and the differing national perceptions of the prospects for peace. (SG-02-8) $23,000

UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI, Karachi, Pakistan (Project Director(s): Moonis Ahmar): A project to facilitate Track II diplomacy between India and Pakistan which will include a workshop and a book which considers the most effective military and non-military confidence building measures to manage threats deriving from the nuclearization of the sub-continent. The project will also contribute to the establishment of a conflict resolution program at the University of Karachi in Pakistan. (USIP-017-99F) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, Lexington, KY (Project Director(s): Chung-in Moon): A project to develop viable arms control proposals for North and South Korea taking into account local political/military dynamics as well as the interests and arms control policies of such regional actors as the U.S., Russia, China and Japan. (SG-182-92) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER, Manchester, England (Project Director(s): Dennis Austin): A grant to support a study on patterns of violence in South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal) and the effect of elections as a safety valve for dissent. (SG-94-9) $15,200

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, College Park, MD (Project Director(s): Ivo Daalder, Stansfield Turner, Thomas Schelling): A study to investigate means to reduce the likelihood of nuclear weapon use in the Middle East and South Asia, including an examination of the international and domestic conditions that may lead to nuclear conflict in these two regions. A major issue for consideration will be what military, economic, political and other measures can be employed by the U.S., either alone or in collaboration with other states or international organizations, to reduce the likelihood of a decision by a regional power to use nuclear weapons. (SG-113-92) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, College Park, MD (Project Director(s): Xiaorong Li): A grant for research on Chinese philosophical and cultural traditions as they relate to human rights. Mindful of both the importance of the US-China relationship for global and Asian-Pacific regional security and the significance of human rights in that relationship, the project will attempt to clarify conceptual differences and identify shared concepts in the US and Chinese discourses on human rights. (USIP-087-96S) $34,953

UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST, Amherst, MA (Project Director(s): Audrey Altstadt): A grant to finance a conference and the publication of conference papers on the nature of Islam in Central Asia today and the role that Islam plays in various political, economic and social reform or cultural resurgence movements. Particular attention will be given to the social, economic, and religious sources of conflict in the region, and the extent to which Islam does and does not contribute to grievances, conflict, political change and identity in Central Asia. (SG-144-92) $10,578

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, MI (Project Director(s): Yasheng Huang): A study to explore these research questions: (1) What is the degree of China's economic interaction with Taiwan and Southeast Asia and what are the shared interests between Asian investors and China's regional officials? and (2) Have these economic interests shaped the foreign policy preferences of Chinese regional officials? The importance of these issues derives from the influence that regional, and particularly coastal, officials have on China's national politics and degree to which their foreign policy preferences help shape China's foreign policy. (SG-30-94) $57,500

UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, Missoula, MT (Project Director(s): Otto Koester, Dennis O'Donnell, Xiong Zhiyong): A project to be undertaken jointly by the University of Montana and the College of Foreign Affairs in Beijing to develop a curriculum and instructor's manual that will provide a common framework for training Chinese and American early career diplomats and young professions preparing for work in international affairs. (USIP-165-97S) $42,000

UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, Missoula, MT (Project Director(s): Dennis O'Donnell): In collaboration with the Foreign Affairs College in Beijing, this project will field test, professionally evaluate and launch a program to teach practical negotiation and conflict management skills in China, particularly for diplomats in training. (USIP-090-98F) $40,000

UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME, KEOUGH INSTITUTE FOR IRISH STUDIES, Notre Dame, IN (Project Director(s): Mary Burgess and Seamus Deane): A conference and book project that will involve leading scholars who have studied the complex after-lives of the partitions of Ireland, India and Palestine. The project will examine what can be learned from the comparative study of partition as a colonial, or military, exit strategy, what role partition played in the continuation of sectarianism or "communalism," how partition affected the experiences of displaced peoples, and what forms partition-induced violence have taken. (USIP-094-01S) $39,000

UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND, Brisbane, Australia (Project Director(s): Roland Bleiker): A research project to assess the way in which identity factors have played a part in shaping inter-Korean antagonism, and how identity may be reconceptualized toward more peaceful purposes. The project, which will result in a book, also examines the precedent of German unification to discover parallels to the Korean situation. (SG-25-01) $35,000

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Columbia, SC (Project Director(s): Robert G. Wirsing): A grant for a project on the Siachen Glacier Dispute (1983-84) between India and Pakistan, focusing on the diplomacy of international boundary delimitation and the prevention of armed conflict in territorial disputes. (SG-52-9) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Columbia, SC (Project Director(s): Robert G. Wirsing): A grant to support research on minority group rights and the amelioration of ethnic conflict in South Asia. The research will address issues such as territorial and political autonomy, cultural autonomy, indigenous peoples' rights, and political representation. (USIP-034-95F) $38,000

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles, CA (Project Director(s): Michael K. Blaker): A project to assess whether there is a distinctive style to the way Japanese negotiate. The project will address such variables as social/cultural, political/institutional, communication/process, issues/context, and perceptions/attitudes that significantly condition Japanese behavior in negotiating situations. The purpose is to improve the effectiveness of international negotiations. (USIP-672) $81,400

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, Indian Wells, CA (Project Director(s): Michael K. Blaker): A grant to enable Michael Blaker to complete a book on contemporary Japanese international negotiating behavior. The emphasis is on diplomatic negotiations at both bilateral and multilateral levels, with particular attention to Japanese-American bargaining interactions. This project will contribute to the Institute's cross-cultural negotiation project. (USIP-692) $33,550

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles, CA (Project Director(s): Geoffrey R. Wiseman): A research project to explore the need for traditional state-centered bilateral and multilateral diplomatic concepts and practices to be complemented with what is referred to as "polylateral" layers of diplomacy which include non-state actors. The concept of polylateralism will be developed and tested against two security case studies: the Ottawa landmines treaty and the institutionalization of security dialogue in the Asia-Pacific region. (SG-86-99) $38,500

UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS, Scotland, KY169AL United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Rohan Gunaratna): A research project to explain the causes, characteristics and consequences of suicide terrorism focusing on South Asia and the Middle East. (USIP-050-99S) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, AUSTIN, Austin, TX (Project Director(s): Louise H. Thompson): A project to examine the historical contexts of China and Russia and how these contribute to an understanding of these states' international preferences and politics particularly in terms of conflict or cooperation. This knowledge may help explain and predict the future foreign policies of Russia and China, particularly with regard to the U.S. (USIP-151-93S) $36,000

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, Laguna, Philippines (Project Director(s): Luziminda B. Cornista & Sinesio M. Mariano): A grant to study how "rebel-returnees" can be functionally integrated into the mainstream of Philippine national life and the implications for peace of such re-integration--in the general context of Third World insurgences. (USIP-039) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, MADISON, Madison, WI (Project Director(s): Mark R. Beissinger and M. Crawford Young): A project to probe analogous dimensions of the political crises that have enveloped Africa and Eurasia in the wake of the collapse of communism in Eurasia and a deepening crisis of the state in Africa. Project staff will focus on common patterns of authority, adjustment, and conflict resolution as states of the two regions confront global pressures of change. (USIP-027-98S) $22,000

UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON, Madison, WI (Project Director(s): Paul D. Hutchcroft): A research project to examine the political dynamics of current decentralization initiatives in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. This book project will give special attention to the manner in which decentralization strategies may be crafted to diffuse socio-political conflict in these states. (SG-98-01) $20,000

UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, Logan, UT (Project Director(s): Jing Huang): A grant to support a study of the evolution, current status and potential future directions of relations between the Chinese Communist Party and the military. The research will examine the means by which the Party leadership might retain control of the military in the post-Deng era; the implications for internal political stability and international security if such control is not retained; the role of the state in civil-military relations; and the likelihood that the military might ultimately become an army of the state rather than that of the Party. (USIP-016-96S) $37,000

VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY, VIRGINIA CENTER FOR THE TEACHING OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Richmond, VA (Project Director(s): John Rossi ): An education and training project for 24 secondary school teachers from Virginia on conflict management with special emphasis on Africa and East Asia. The one week summer institute and follow up sessions will train the teachers to conduct workshops throughout Virginia on international conflict management. (USIP-118-99F) $40,000

WARNER, ROGER S., Ipswich, MA (Project Director(s): Roger S. Warner): A grant to support a project on the Laotian War from 1960 to the present. The grantee will focus on the war itself, the extent to which diplomacy defined it, its effect on Laotians, and the process of "trial and error" that eventually led the post-1975 Laotian Communist regime to relax its repressive policies. (USIP-035-1-89) $10,000

WASHINGTON CENTER FOR CHINA STUDIES, INC., Arlington, VA (Project Director(s): Hao Jia & Zhuang Qu-bing): A grant in support of a study of China's Korea policy and the implications of this policy for peace and security in East Asia. The project focuses on key factors in China's Korea policy, the evolution of this policy since 1949, and possible future options for China and her neighbors in light of changing security relationships in East Asia. (USIP-123-90F) $44,000

WASHINGTON & LEE UNIVERSITY, Lexington, VA (Project Director(s): Gregory Stanton & Morrow Cater): A nine-month grant to complete a documentary film for public television on genocide in Cambodia from 1975 to 1978. Based on footage shot in Cambodia and interviews with witnesses, the film will analyze the process of genocide and its relationship to political doctrine. Diplomats and historians will be used in a discussion of the past responses and possible future responses of the international legal system to genocide. (USIP-378) $46,767

WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY, Middletown, CT (Project Director(s): Martha Crenshaw): A project to investigate the experience of India's attempt at mediation and regional peacekeeping in Sri Lanka during 1987-1990. The study will assess how India intervened, how, and to what end. The principal research question is whether regional powers with a strong interest in the affairs of a neighbor can effectively intervene to promote the resolution of conflict in countries beset by ethnic strife. The project will result in a teaching case study that will analyze lessons learned from the Indian experience at regional peacemaking. (SG-59-95) $25,000

WGBH EDUCATION FOUNDATION, Boston, MA (Project Director(s): Judith Vecchione): Partial funding for a one-hour PBS documentary on Taiwan, covering 100 years of its history, for the purpose of contributing to public understanding of the international peace and conflict resolution issues involving Taiwan. (USIP-037-96S) $50,000

WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS, Silver Spring, MD (Project Director(s): Patricia Gossman): A project to research and evaluate alternative approaches taken by international relief organizations to promote human rights while delivering humanitarian assistance under conditions that intrinsically jeopardize those rights. The report will focus on Afghanistan, and be widely distributed among human rights and humanitarian groups in order to enhance relief efforts without undermining human rights work. (USIP-168-99S) $39,600

WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Jennifer Turner and Geoff Dabelko): A project to bring together a diverse group of Mainland Chinese, Taiwanese, Hong Kong Chinese and U.S. environmental experts and practitioners to facilitate dialogue on environmental problems and the expansion of informal, peace-enhancing networking within the Taiwan Strait region. (SG-138-00) $40,000

YORK UNIVERSITY, Shanghai, China (Project Director(s): Ji Guoxing): A project to assess the growing importance of the sea lines of communication (SLOC) for China and its regional implications, including China's naval build-up and naval strategy, and prospects for regional SLOC cooperation. (USIP-007-99F) $15,000

ZHONGYUE, SONG, Beijing, China (Project Director(s): Song Zhongyue): Support for a research project to prepare a book assessing developments in East Asia over the past forty years, giving particular attention to lessons learned from the Korean and Vietnam wars and to U. S.-China and U.S.- Japan relations. The purpose of the study is to identify means of promoting peace and cooperation in the region. (USIP-020-91F) $14,403

Last updated 6/13/02