Funded Projects: International Law

ALSTON, PHILIP, Medford, MA (Project Director(s): Philip Alston): A grant to support research on the concept of social and economic rights as understood in international law. (USIP-298) $20,000

AMERICAN ACADEMIC ASSOCIATION FOR PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST, Jerusalem, Israel (Project Director(s): Michla Pomerance): A grant to support a project on the history of United States and the International Court of Justice. (USIP-579) $30,000

AMERICAN RADIOWORKS - NPR, St. Paul, MN (Project Director(s): Stephen Smith): A radio documentary series that will track the investigation and prosecution of war crimes committed in several villages in Kosovo and examine the capacity of the international justice system to punish and prevent war crimes. The public radio initiative will also develop a companion Internet documentary that will include text, pictures, and audio from the investigation. (USIP-126-99F) $35,000

AMERICAN RED CROSS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Myrna Peralta): A grant to support the development of materials and resources for the promotion and advancement of public education on the principles of international humanitarian law. (SG-41-8) $200,000

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): John Lawrence Hargrove): A grant to conduct two Special Working Committees: the Committee on Maritime Claims and the Committee on Responses to State-Sponsored Terrorism. The first committee will examine policy issues prompted by the 1986 Gulf of Sidra incident between the United States and Libya, and will consider new international agreements to strengthen alternatives to confrontation as a means to protect maritime rights. The second committee will examine new nonviolent forms of response to state-sponsored terrorism. (USIP-285) $14,900

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Ithaca, NY (Project Director(s): David Wippman & Jane Stromseth): A project to develop proposals to help policymakers and international lawyers identify appropriate occasions, means, and objectives for future military interventions with humanitarian aims. The resulting book will focus on the prerequisites for successful intervention, and the ways in which existing institutions and policies can be improved to facilitate desirable interventions and avoid harmful ones. (SG-135-00) $40,000

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Diane Orentlicher): A study to examine the impact of developments such as the Spanish/British proceedings against former Chilean President Augusto Pinochet and the preparation for a permanent international criminal court on international criminal law, patterns of law enforcement, and norms of statecraft. The resulting book will also explore ways to balance principles of state sovereignty against rapidly-evolving standards of global justice. (USIP-182-00S) $30,000

ASPEN INSTITUTE--INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Richard Nuccio): This project is a joint effort between the Inter-American Dialogue and the Institute of Latin America and Iberian Studies of Columbia University working together with the Instituto de Estudios Politicos y Relaciones Internacionales in Bogota, Colombia and the Instituto de Estudios Peruanos in Lima, Peru. The project will support research on issues challenging the consolidation of democratic governance in Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Peru. The project will also focus on techniques that may be employed by civilian governments in these countries to combat insurgencies, drug trafficking, and other sustained violence, while preserving and expanding the protection of basic democratic freedoms. (SG-100-0) $40,000

CARNEGIE COUNCIL ON ETHICS AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Robert J. Myers & Joel H. Rosenthal): A grant to support the development of 10 booklets on topics relating to ethics in international affairs, including such items as covert action, interventionism, the use of force, and international law. All the studies will be discussed at a special faculty institute to be held at George Washington University. (USIP-053-1-89) $30,000

CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Virginia I. Foran): A research and workshop program to assess and monitor the use of incentive packages to dissuade states from developing nuclear weapons and to recommend ways in which political and economic incentives may be applied to current proliferation problems. (USIP-103-95F) $25,000

CENTER FOR ANTIWAR ACTION, Belgrade, Yugoslavia (Project Director(s): Vesna Pesic & Julie Mostov): A project to engage American and Serbian scholars and policy-makers in a research, on-line dialogue, and conference initiative exploring the changing nature of contemporary conflicts, state sovereignty, and international intervention, and the related evolution in international law. The resulting publication will also examine issues associated with conflict management, diplomacy, and humanitarian assistance, and the impact of military intervention on political processes and long-term stability, with particular attention to the 1999 NATO intervention in Serbia. (SG-163-00) $37,000

CENTER FOR PEDAGOGICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH · BALTIC INSIGHT, Riga, Latvia (Project Director(s): Boris Koltchanov): A project to develop an on-line database on minority rights for use by non-governmental organizations, governmental agencies, journalists, academics, and other individual practitioners in Central and Eastern Europe. The database will provide a broad range of information, including international norms and instruments in the minority rights field, reports on minority rights and practices, and national legislation pertaining to minority issues of the Central and Eastern European states. (USIP-092-99F) $25,000

CENTER FOR POLICY STUDIES IN RUSSIA-PIR CENTER, Moscow, Russia (Project Director(s): Vladimir A. Orlov): A project to examine Russian decision-making processes, interests, control mechanisms, legislation and enforcement concerning the export of nuclear, missile and related material and technology to China, India, Iran and Iraq. The study will also assess the prospects for future Russian exports and offer recommendations for curtailing or preventing them. (SG-19-98) $35,000

CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Brad Roberts): A project to prepare a series of papers to be presented at a conference for U.S. policymakers and experts on the Chemical Weapons Convention. In addition, a monograph and periodic meetings will be designed to inform discussion and debate, particularly for United States policymakers, on the Chemical Weapons Convention. (USIP-666) $10,000

CENTER FOR UN REFORM EDUCATION AND WORLD FEDERALIST ASSOCIATION, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Joseph Preston Baratta and Walter Hoffman): A grant to support three projects-to result in three monographs-on the role of standing peace forces and peacekeeping reserves; the role of specialized arbitral tribunals and improved U.N. mediation mechanisms; and the role of U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights and a world court on human rights. (USIP-528) $15,000

CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, Mt. Pleasant, MI (Project Director(s): Orlando Perez): A book project exploring the transformation of civil-military relations in the post-authoritarian Central American countries of Panama, El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua. The research will examine the domestic and international influences on civil-military relations, the new roles and missions of the armed forces, and public and military attitudes toward democracy and authoritarianism. (USIP-104-01S) $38,000

CHANDRAHASAN, ANN NIRMALA, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Nirmala Chandrahasan): A grant in support of a comparative study of the extent to which international human rights standards and international conventions on refugee law have been applied in the practice of states making determinations regarding refugee status and asylum. This work will take the handling of Tamil refugees as a case study. (USIP-277) $5,000

CHANDRAHASAN, ANN NIRMALA, Madras, India (Project Director(s): Ann Nirmala Chandrahasan): A grant in support of a study on the Indo-Sri Lankan Peace Accord of July 1987 and the nature of India's intervention under international law. (SG-108-9) $7,500

CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ARMS CONTROL INSTITUTE, Alexandria, VA (Project Director(s): Michael Moodie & Kyle Olson): A project to study attitudes of developing nations towards arms control and nonproliferation to determine these nations' agenda and how it is likely to evolve. Each of four case studies will assess issues such as fundamental security perspectives and attitidues toward nonproliferation, technology and economic assistance, confidence- and security-building measures, transparency, and arms transfer restraints. (USIP-118-93F) $40,000

COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): John W. Heffernan): A grant for a symposium to review and evaluate the work of the International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Engaging top officials in the Tribunals, specialists in international humanitarian law, and NGOs associated with the Tribunals, the symposium will draw lessons from the Tribunals' previous work and provide guidance for increasing their effectiveness in promoting justice, peace and reconciliation in the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. (USIP-690) $29,570

COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Stefanie Frease): A program to increase understanding among the Serbian media of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in the Hague. Twenty Serbian journalists and editors will be brought to the Hague to meet with senior members of the Tribunal's various sections, observe trial proceedings, and engage in direct dialogue with Tribunal staff about its work. (SG-56-01) $25,200

COLGATE UNIVERSITY, Hamilton, NY (Project Director(s): Robert L. Rothstein): A grant to support research on the conceptual and practical problems of the transition of authoritarian regimes to democratic political entities, with special emphasis on the implications of the transition for international peace. (USIP-052) $5,000

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Kent McKeever): The project will convert the remaining paper card catalog records of the International Law Collection of the Columbia University Law School Library into computer usable electronic records and add the records to the two main national library computer networks, OCLC and RLIN. This would facilitate access to this information by scholars throughout the country and aid in supplying them with the information through Inter-library Loan. (USIP-022-2-90) $20,000

COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Jerome Cohen): A conference for experts from mainland China and Taiwan, along with Amercian specialists, to examine and debate precedents in international law in order to rethink some basic ideas concerning Taiwan's status over the near and long term. (USIP-715) $43,000

CRIMES OF WAR EDUCATION PROJECT, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Alan Dorsey): A project to develop a web site containing information on humanitarian law and analyses of armed conflicts, focusing specifically on war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. The initiative will also implement a series of seminars for reporters and editors, and develop curriculum on humanitarian law and war for both university schools of journalism and high schools. (SG-144-00) $30,000

DEPAUL UNIVERSITY, Chicago, IL (Project Director(s): Barry Kellman): A study to explore the feasibility of the U.S. government imposing import restrictions as sanctions against foreign firms and foreign nations which permit the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The project will explore: (1) whether a coherent legal system of import restrictions can be established; (2) which branch of government should authorize it; and (3) whether such a system complies with the laws of international trade. (SG-125-92) $5,000

DEPAUL UNIVERSITY, Chicago, IL (Project Director(s): Barry Kellman): A project to prepare a manual and organize a conference of legal experts to examine the domestic implementation issues raised by the Chemical Weapons Convention. The manual will be disseminated to national governments and the public. (USIP-667) $9,950

DEPAUL UNIVERSITY, Chicago, IL (Project Director(s): Barry Kellman): A project to undertake research about, and to facilitate, legal implementation of international prohibitions on the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction by sub-national groups. The project team will prepare a monograph that assesses the problem of sub-national proliferation and propose ways in which penal law in various countries can be used to control the spread of such weapons. (USIP-091-94F) $35,000

DUKE UNIVERSITY, Durham, NC (Project Director(s): Madeline Morris): A conference organized in collaboration with the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda to identify the most appropriate and efficacious roles for national and international criminal justice systems in responding to mass crimes in violent conflicts. (USIP-673) $26,806

FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS FUND, S-171 53 Solna, Sweden(Project Director(s): Jean-Pascal Zanders & Dorothy Preslar): A project to assess existing mechanisms of technology transfers relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. An inventory of potential transfers ranging from vaccines to intellectual property rights, will also be developed. (USIP-134-99S) $38,000

FUND FOR PEACE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Bereket Habte Selassie): A project to complete a book on the problems attendant to the transition to constitutional democracy in the aftermath of civil wars in Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Uganda, with particular attention to the development of new constitutions. (SG-120-98) $10,500

GERSON, ALLAN, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Allan Gerson): A grant for a project on revitalizing the role of international law in United States foreign policy. The study will focus on (a) the relationship between the goals of the United States foreign policy and basic principles of international law, (b) strategies to bring principles of constitutionalism to bear in the deliberations of the United Nations, and (c) methods for integrating a revitalized international law into United States public diplomacy and foreign policy decision making. (USIP-095) $35,000

GERSON, ALLAN, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Allan Gerson): A continuation grant to support a study on revitalizing the role of international law in U.S. foreign policy. (USIP-422) $17,500

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Payam Akhavan): A project to assess the impact of the International Criminal Tribunal on the Yugoslav peace process. The project will also explore the Tribunal's potential role in both advancing inter-ethnic reconciliation and democratization and deterring similar conflicts and atrocities in the Balkan region and elsewhere. The resulting publication would assist the Tribunal in formulating future policy and inform international public opinion about the issues associated with reconciling power and principle in the context of post-conflict peace building. (USIP-038-96S) $30,000

HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Ernest R. May): A seminar to bring together thirty key members of the Ukrainian national security community with U.S. policy makers, experts on military affairs, and Harvard faculty in order to help Ukraine address its challenges in civil- military relations, including power sharing, accountability, and civilian control of the policy-making processes in a democratic context. (SG-96-97) $45,000

HEBREW UNIVERSITY, Jerusalem, Israel (Project Director(s): Edy Kaufman): A grant to support a study of the relevance of democratic development in the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The project will examine the commitment of democratic ideals in both communities as an indicator of prospects for long term peace and stability. (SG-91-9) $48,000

INSTITUTE FOR SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): David Albright): A grant to support a comparative analysis of the strategies used by threshold states to evade the nonproliferation regime and obtain nuclear weapons. Engaging an international group of scientists and policy specialists in a workshop series, the initiative will identify and evaluate previously successful nonproliferation strategies and formulate new strategies to prevent proliferation and reduce the threat of nuclear-armed groups. (USIP-101-95S) $35,000

INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES, INC., Quezon City, Philippines (Project Director(s): Carolina G. Hernandez): A project to bring together a group of ASEAN Law of the Sea experts in an attempt to move toward a common understanding of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) by the different countries in the region. (SG-160-01) $35,000

INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF GENOCIDE, Cambridge, MA (Project Director(s): Helen Fein): A project to probe the terms and limits of the UN Genocide Convention, the increasing incidence of genocide over the past 50 years, and the use and disuse of the Convention. The resulting volume will also examine the new and revised institutions needed to realize the goals of the 1948 Genocide Convention. (USIP-135-98S) $38,000

INSTITUTO DE DEFENSA LEGAL, Lima, Peru (Project Director(s): Gino Costa): A grant to support the research and writing of a book manuscript on the role the United Nations mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL) has played in the reform of the public security system. The study will provide a historical perspective beginning with the negotiations and concluding after the Accords were signed. (USIP-088-93F) $30,000

INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Tom Farer & Jorge Dominguez): A multidisciplinary working group of scholars and practitioners will look at the conceptual relationship between democracy and sovereignty in Latin America, as well as the recent changes in hemispheric norms regarding multilateral intervention and the implications of these norms. The study will generate recommendations for strengthening the collective efforts of external actors, such as the Organization of American States, to support democratic governments. (USIP-086-93S) $40,000

INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Jorge I. Dominguez & Michael Shifter): An initiative to examine the effects of international security problems in Latin America on internal processes of democratic development. Engaging scholars and policy specialists from the United States and Latin America, the project will review the main external security issues confronting Latin American and Caribbean nations, analyze how national responses to these issues affect progress toward democratic consolidation and offer recommendations for adjusting security policy to the needs of democratic politics. (USIP-048-94F) $30,000

INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW GROUP, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Mark Bromley): A grant to support the preparation of resource and training materials and the implementation of a training program in Bosnia that will provide information about new mechanisms and procedures for protecting human rights established under the Dayton Peace Accord. (USIP-684) $50,000

INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW GROUP, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Stephen Bowen): A grant to support the preparation of resource and training materials and the implementation of a training program in the Republika Srpska that will focus on Article 6 of the European Convention and will highlight the elements needed to establish a prima facie legal claim, evidentiary foundations, and strategies needed to identify and substantiate human rights claims. (USIP-149-97F) $45,000

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES, London, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Christopher J. Greenwood
Gerald Segal-DECEASED): A project to consider the changing impact of international law on the resort to force by states, in particular whether international law is developing in ways which restrict the freedom of action of states in the context of seccesionist movements or other internal unrest. (USIP-006-98F) $18,000

ISTITUTO AFFARI INTERNAZIONALI, Rome, Italy (Project Director(s): Laura Guazzone): A project to analyze the role of Islamic movements and parties in the process of political liberalization underway in the North Africa­Middle East region, with particular attention to Algeria, Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia. The project will investigate the likely impact of these movements on regional stability and on North-South relations. (SG-111-92) $40,000

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Craig Etcheson): A research project to investigate the attempt to establish a mixed national-international tribunal-a new institutional form-on war crimes in Cambodia, focusing particularly on the obstacles to date and the lessons that may be gleaned. The project will result in a book. (SG-41-01) $44,000

KINGS COLLEGE LONDON, London, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Karl Maier): A project to assess whether Nigeria can free itself from entrenched military rule and embrace democracy or will succumb to ethnic and religious tensions which threaten to pull the country apart and spark a humanitarian disaster in the West African region. (USIP-023-96F) $35,805

NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR DEMOCRACY, INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR DEMOCRATIC STUDIES, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Emmanuel Gyimah-Boadi): A study of the interconnections between peace-building and the current transitions to democracy in various African states. With particular attention to South Africa, Ghana, and Benin the project will analyze the possibilities for entrenching peace-building and conflict resolution mechanisms in African democratization and thereby enhance the prospects for consolidating the transitions to democracy. (USIP-024-96S) $41,800

NAVAL WAR COLLEGE, Newport, RI (Project Director(s): Howard S. Levie): A grant in support of a comprehensive study of the law of war crimes. The study will present a history of the evolution of the law of war and the enforcement of penalties for violations thereof; examine the specific actions which constitute crimes against peace, conventional war crimes, and crimes against humanity; and discuss procedural matters related to investigations, jurisdiction, extradition, trial procedures, and punishment. (USIP-49-90F) $8,216

NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Thomas M. Franck): A research project to examine the post-1945 experience of states in using unilateral or mulitlateral use of force for alleged security or humanitarian purposes with and without prior UN Security Council authorization. The intent of the research is to produce a model which will predict the conditions under which the international system will oppose, tolerate or support states, or regional organizations using force citing security or humanitarian reasons. (USIP-035-00S) $35,000

OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY, Norfolk, VA (Project Director(s): Mary Ann Tetreault): A study of social, political, and religious institutions and traditions as they bear on the process of democratization in Kuwait. The project will undertake a careful investigation of the October 1992 parliamentary elections in Kuwait and how traditional governmental institutions influence the adoption of more modern forms of democratic rule. (SG-10-92) $30,000

PEACE THROUGH LAW EDUCATION FUND, THE, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Beth C. DeGrasse): A research project updating and expanding the group's 1999 study of U.S. military commanders' views of UN and multilateral peace operations. The new study will update the earlier report with lessons learned from Kosovo and other recent missions, and will include the views of senior allied military commanders as well as those from the U.S. It will also explore three issues increasingly integral to the success of such missions: (1) the issue of war crimes and the application of human rights law and conventions; (2) law enforcement/police operations; and (3) the judicial dimension. (USIP-121-00F) $20,000

POPKIN, MARGARET L., Takoma Park, MD (Project Director(s): Margaret L. Popkin): A study to examine how the implementation of the Salvadoran Peace Accords will promote judicial reform in El Salvador. The study will focus on such issues as constitutional reforms, the Truth Commission and its recommendations, and amnesty laws. Integral to the study will be an examination of the role the United Nations played in monitoring human rights, promoting judicial reform and working with the justice system. Lessons will also be drawn about the nature of democratic transitions. (USIP-061-93S) $10,000

PUBLIC INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, Sofia, Bulgaria (Project Director(s): Svetoslav D. Naoumov): An empirical study on the illegal weapons trade in Bulgaria focusing on arms transfers to anti-democratic regimes and movements, as well as to embargoed countries. The resulting book will be based on broad data collection efforts including a survey of over 500 government and non-governmental respondents. (USIP-014-99F) $28,500

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, New Brunswick, NJ (Project Director(s): James Turner Johnson): A grant to support research on five problem areas for the development of Polish local democracy. Special attention will be given to the nature, role, and functioning of democratic decision-making in local government; models for democracy: the relation of democratic forms to history and culture; conflict resolution in local democratic government; pluralism and the development of pluralist institutions in support of democracy; and the participation of women in the development of democratic local government. (SG-67-0) $30,000

ST. ANTONY'S COLLEGE, London WC2R 3DX, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Nomi Bar-Yaacov): A study to explore ways to ensure the protection of human rights in the disputed areas in the Israel-Palestinian conflict. The initiative will assess the differing views of the applicability of international law to the occupied territories, draw lessons from the international community's efforts to incorporate and implement human rights protections in the Dayton accord and other agreements, and develop new strategies and mechanisms for the protection of human rights during outbreaks of violence during the period of transition to peace and following a final agreement. (USIP-105-01S) $22,000

STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, BUFFALO, Buffalo, NY (Project Director(s): Peter P. Ekeh): A project to organize a conference for Nigerian scholars on Nigerian federalism, emphasizing dialogue among rival ethnic groups and competing interest groups; a panel that will work on a framework for the constitutional restoration of democratic federalism in Nigeria; and the publication of a reference book on Nigerian federalism. (USIP-076-97S) $45,000

SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, Syracuse, NY (Project Director(s): L. F. E. Goldie): A one-year grant to permit ten US legal scholars to produce papers on international humanitarian law as it applies to armed conflict at sea, both in declared war and covert or low-intensity circumstances. (USIP-151) $20,829

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, HASTINGS COLLEGE OF LAW, San Francisco, CA (Project Director(s): Naomi Roht-Arriaza): A study of the transnational criminal investigations in Spain and other European countries of leaders in the 1970s of the Chilean and Argentine military governments, drawing lessons about the nature of transnational advocacy networks and the permeability of national legal and political systems to transnational litigation. The resulting book will also trace the links among actors in the cases, examine the potential for both internal and interstate conflicts as a result of transnational criminal litigation, and explore the efficacy of the "networked" approach to international justice. (USIP-086-99F) $40,000

UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM, Durham, England (Project Director(s): Gerald Blake): The International Boundaries Research Unit works to enhance the resources available for the peaceful resolution of conflict associated with international boundaries around the world. This project will make geographical, historical, legal, bibliographical and current affairs information on the world's land and maritime boundaries available to scholars and practitioners by establishing an online facility accessible via the Internet. The Unit will also continue to add material to its database and maintain and coordinate an "International Boundaries" electronic mailing discussion forum. (USIP-098-95S) $33,000

UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM, Durham, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): Gerald Blake): A project to develop and implement an international training program for government officials and other practitioners involved in negotiation, delimitation, demarcation and management of international boundaries. The initiative will include a series of workshops that equip participants with skills that will facilitate the resolution of boundary disputes and encourage effective boundary management and transboundary cooperation. (SG-52-97) $40,000

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville, FL (Project Director(s): Philip J. Williams): A study of the role of the Salvadoran armed forces prior to the 1992 Peace Accords and during the transition from authoritarianism to democracy in that country. The project will assess the prospects for democratizing civil-military relations and suggest strategies for enhancing civilian control over the military. (USIP-099-93S) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII FOUNDATION, Honolulu, HI (Project Director(s): Jon M. Van Dyke): A project to study the principles for establishing a multilateral regime for joint development of resources in the South China Sea, and to create a design for such a regime based on the applicability of precedents of multilateral maritime regime-building and an analysis of national interests. (USIP-127-93F) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF IOWA, Iowa City, IA (Project Director(s): Burns H. Weston): A multidisciplinary initiative engaging leading human rights specialists to explore the problems and prospects of human rights in the 21st century. Marking the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the project will consist of a series of educational, media and cultural events and result in a symposium report and an edited volume on the future of human rights. (USIP-108-98S) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, College Park, MD (Project Director(s): Ted R. Gurr): As part of the Center for International Development and Conflict Mangament (CIDEM)'s Minorities at Risk project, this effort will monitor and analyze approximately 60 serious ethnopolitical conflicts around the world, focusing on political developments following negotiated settlements. Special attention will be given to implementation, violation of agreements, and role of outside parties. Products to include an enhanced website on conflict trends; input for periodic risk assessments; and a monograph on the success and implementation of negotiated settlements. (USIP-105-98S) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, MI (Project Director(s): Robin Barlow): A grant to 1) redesign a curriculum on sharing the waters in the Jordan River Basin for the computer for more effective use in the high school; 2) create a computer driven high school activity on the sharing of the waters of the Tigris/Euphrates systems; 3) offer workshops at which teachers will be given the materials and instructed in their use, including background material on the importance of water resources in the Middle East, how water has historically been shared, and international law governing riparian use. (USIP-096-93F) $25,000

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, Minneapolis, MN (Project Director(s): David Weissbrodt & Kristi Rudelius-Palmer): A grant to establish an Internet Web site focusing on international peace and human rights. The Web site will make available the most comprehensive collection of treaties, documents, decisions, reports, resource guides and other educational materials from the United Nations, regional intergovernmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and other agencies. The Web site will also provide links to hundreds of intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations dedicated to advancing international peace and promoting human rights. (USIP-069-96S) $36,000

UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO, Albuquerque, NM (Project Director(s): William Stanley & David Holiday): A two-year project to look at the role of the United Nations mission (ONUSAL) in peace-making and post-conflict "peace-building" in El Salvador. The researchers will specifically examine how ONUSAL, acting as intermediary, verifier and institution-builder, interacted with domestic political actors, institutions and civil society in El Salvador to contribute to lasting peaceful change. (USIP-115-93F) $40,000

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON, Southampton, S0I7 IBJ, United Kingdom (Project Director(s): John Simpson): A seminar for officials participating in the 1998 meeting of the Preparatory Committee for the Review Conference of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. The seminar will brief delegates from some 45 countries on the new review process, identify possible problem areas and develop approaches to addressing those issues. (USIP-078-97F) $30,000

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles, CA (Project Director(s): Geoffrey R. Wiseman): A research project to explore the need for traditional state-centered bilateral and multilateral diplomatic concepts and practices to be complemented with what is referred to as "polylateral" layers of diplomacy which include non-state actors. The concept of polylateralism will be developed and tested against two security case studies: the Ottawa landmines treaty and the institutionalization of security dialogue in the Asia-Pacific region. (SG-86-99) $38,500

WASHINGTON OFFICE ON LATIN AMERICA, Bogota, Colombia South America (Project Director(s): Daniel Garcia-Peña): An examination of the Colombian peace process during the presidency of Ernesto Samper, drawing lessons for understanding and addressing the current crisis in Colombia. The resulting book will address such topics as civil-military relations, the paramilitary groups, narcotrafficking and the illicit arms trade, the emergence of civil society, the development of a new concept of sustainable peace, international humanitarian law, and the role of the United States and the international community in the Colombian conflict. (USIP-157-00S) $38,000

WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, St. Louis, MO (Project Director(s): Leila Nadya Sadat): A book project to examine the organization and operation of the International Criminal Court, its theoretical underpinnings, and its potential impact on the existing sub-structure of international law. (USIP-101-99F) $30,000

WINIK, JAY, Washington, DC (Project Director(s): Jay Winik): A grant to research and analyze democratic and nondemocratic regimes and the aggressive use of force. The study will focus on (1) the relationship between political structures and foreign policy; (2) how the public and elites perceive the issue of domestic accountability and international peace; (3) democratic states' difficulties in negotiating with nondemocratic states on issues such as arms control; (4) the role of arms control vis-a-vis other issues in negotiations between democratic and nondemocratic states; and (5) preserving and promoting democratic institutions as a means for securing international peace. (USIP-246) $24,000

WORLD CONFERENCE ON RELIGION AND PEACE, New York, NY (Project Director(s): Jon M. Ebersole): A study in support of a task force to develop ethical and legal criteria for UN policy on the use of force in the delivery of humanitarian assistance. The task force, composed of leading practitioners and experts in the fields of humanitarian relief, ethics, law, and military affairs, is producing a consensus document for distribution to the mission of all member states of the UN, governmental and nongovernmental relief agencies, military attaches of governments involved in peacekeeping operations, and academic institutions. (USIP-154-93S) $25,000

YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven, CT (Project Director(s): Bruce M. Russett): A grant to prepare several chapters for a book on the relationship between economic conditions and the state of public opinion in democratic countries and the aggressive use of force internationally. (USIP-121) $7,700

Last updated 6/11/02