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Corrections StatisticsOn this page: Summary
findings | About the data collections |
Pages with additional information, statistics, and publications about: Summary findings Adult
correctional populations, 1980-2002
BJS Corrections data collections
National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) produces
annual and semiannual national and State-level data on the numbers of
prisoners in State and Federal prison facilities. NPS-1 questionnaire: Acrobat file (78K) National
Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) collects data annually
on prison admissions and releases and on parole entries and discharges
in participating jurisdictions. Demographic information, conviction
offenses, sentence length, minimum time to be served, credited jail
time, type of admission, type of release, and time served are collected
from individual prisoner records. NCRP spreadsheets since 1993 Capital
Punishment (NPS-8) series yields annual national and State-level
data on persons sentenced to death and those executed. Data collected
include offender demographic characteristics, prior criminal histories,
and criminal justice system status at the time of the capital offense,
and time spent on death row. NPS-8 questionnaire: Acrobat file (176K) Annual
Survey of Jails collects intercensal estimates of the number of
inmates in the Nation's local jails and data on the relationship between
jail populations and capacities. 2000 questionnaire Acrobat file (108K) Census of
Jails is conducted every 5 years, detailing information on each
facility, admissions and releases, court orders, programs that offer
alternatives to incarceration, amount charged to hold an inmate for
another jurisdiction, use of space and crowding, staffing, health care
(including prevalence of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis), drug testing
policies and practices, inmate work assignments, and education and counseling programs. The census furnishes the sampling frame for
the nationwide survey of jail inmates. 1999 Census of Jails Questionnaires (in Acrobat format): CJ-3: 1999 Census of Jails (120K) - for jail jurisdictions with one or more jail facilities that share the same staff and budget Survey
of Inmates in Local Jails (SILJ) is periodically administered
to collect data on the personal and family characteristics of jail inmates,
past drug and alcohol use, history of physical and sexual abuse, and
history of contact with the criminal justice system. The survey relies
on personal interviews with a nationally representative sample of almost
6,000 inmates. 1996 questionnaire (Acrobat format - 886K) Census
of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities is conducted approximately
every 5 years, providing detailed information on the types of inmates
housed, facility age and type, security level, court orders, programs,
health and safety conditions, confinement space, employment, and operating
costs. CJ-43: 2000 Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities questionnaire (Acrobat format - 169K) Survey
of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities (SISCF) is conducted every 5 years, providing information on individual characteristics of
prison inmates, current offenses and sentences, characteristics of victims, criminal histories, family background, gun possession and use, prior
drug and alcohol use and treatment, educational programs and other services provided while in prison, as well as other personal characteristics.
Data are collected through personal interviews with a nationally representative sample of 14,000 inmates in about 300 State prisons. 1997 questionnaire(Acrobat format - 560K) Survey
of Inmates in Federal Correctional Facilities (SIFCF) was
first conducted in 1991 by a joint effort between BJS and the Federal
Bureau of Prisons (BOP). The survey collects the same information as
the SISCF and will also be conducted every 5 years. Data were collected
through personal interviews with a nationally representative sample
of 6,600 inmates in 53 Federal prisons. 1997 questionnaire (Acrobat format -560K )
Probation and Parole Data Surveys annually gather data on State and Federal
probation and parole counts and movements and the characteristics of persons under
the supervision of probation and parole agencies. Published data include admissions
and releases by method of entry and discharge, demographic characteristics, offense
type (probation), maximum sentence to incarceration (parole), intensive supervision,
and electronic monitoring.
2001
Probation Data Survey questionnaire (Acrobat format - 37K) Inventory
of State and Federal corrections information systems collected
basic information on State and Federal offender-based corrections information
systems including a description of the capabilities of the information
systems for producing data extracts, linking records, and exchanging
information electronically. The inventory was conducted by the Urban
Institute with sponsorship from BJS, the National Institute of Justice
(NIJ), and the Corrections Program Office (CPO), and with assistance
from the State-Federal Committee of the Association of State Corrections
Administrators (ASCA). Inventory of data elements questionnaire: Acrobat file (130K) Survey
of Adults on Probation (SAP) obtains for the first time
detailed information on the background and characteristics of a national
sample of probationers representative of the 2.5 million adults under
such supervision in the community. Specific areas of inquiry include
criminal history, prior drug and alcohol use, participation in drug
and alcohol treatment programs, use of firearms, victim characteristics,
the conditions of supervision, and the extent of contact with probation
authorities. Deaths in Custody collects quarterly inmate death records from each of the Nation's 50 State prison systems, 50 State juvenile correctional authorities, and 3,095 local jails. In addition, this program collects quarterly records of all deaths during the process of arrest by each of the Nation's 17,784 State and local law enforcement agencies. These death records include information on the deceased's personal characteristics (age, gender and race/ethnicity), their criminal background (legal status, offense types, length of stay in custody), as well as details of the death itself (the date, time, location and cause of each death, as well as information on autopsies and medical treatment provided for illnesses/diseases). Data collections covering these populations were developed in annual phases: data collection from local jails began in 2000, State prisons were added in 2001, State juvenile correctional agencies were added in 2002, and coverage of arrest-process deaths began in 2003. While data is collected on a quarterly schedule, datasets will be produced in annual formats, with the first release of information (covering 2000-2002) scheduled for Fall 2004.
Census of State and Local Probation and Parole Agencies is a complete
census of Federal, State, and locally operated probation and parole agencies.
The census gathers data on staffing, expenditures, program operation and
participation levels, and drug and HIV-testing policies and programs.
The census serves as the sampling frame for the national Survey of Adults
on Probation. National Recidivism Study of Released Prisoners provides national estimates of the recidivism rate of prisoners released in 1983 and 1994. In the two editions of the survey, samples of released prisoners are tracked for three years, and data are compiled on the percentage of them that are rearrested, reconvicted, or reimprisoned for new crimes within the three-year follow-up period. The various recidivism measures are based on official criminal history records maintained by each State and the FBI. Recidivism Survey of Felons on Probation provides national estimates of the recidivism rate of felons sentenced to probation in selected years. In the survey, samples of convicted felons placed on probation are tracked for three years, and data are compiled on the percentage of them that are rearrested, reconvicted, or reimprisoned for new crimes within the three-year follow-up period. The various recidivism measures are based on official criminal history records maintained by each State. Beck, Allen J. and Peter M. Brien, "Trends in the U.S. Correctional Populations: Recent findings from the Bureau of Justice Statistics" The Dilemmas of Corrections, 3rd Edition. Greenfeld, Lawrence A. and Steven D. Dillingham. "An Overview of National Corrections Statistics," Federal Probation Quarterly, Washington, D.C.: Administrative Office of the United States Courts, June 1991. Selected statisticsCorrectional Populations in the
United States - Statistical tables
1998 data are currently available, 9/02 Related sites From
BJS Other relevant sites
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