Glossary of earthquake terms
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Fault
A fault is
a fracture along which the blocks of crust
on either side have moved relative to one another parallel
to the fracture.
Strike-slip
Strike-slip
faults are vertical (or nearly vertical) fractures where the
blocks have mostly moved horizontally. If the block opposite an
observer looking across the fault moves to the right, the slip
style is termed right lateral; if the block moves to the left,
the motion is termed left lateral.
Dip-slip
Dip-slip faults
are inclined fractures where the blocks have mostly shifted vertically.
If the rock mass above an inclined fault moves down, the fault
is termed normal, whereas if the rock above the fault
moves up, the fault is termed reverse. A thrust fault
is a reverse fault with a dip of 45° or less. Oblique-slip faults
have significant components of different slip styles.
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