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Publications > Vaccine Management
Vaccine Management:
Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Selected Biologicals

January 2001
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

portable document format icon PDF version formatted for print (74 KB/10 pages)

Click on the vaccine below to jump to that area:

Handling and storage details for each vaccine:

  • DTaP: Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine
  • DTaP/ACTHIB: Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Combined with Haemophilus Conjugate Vaccine
  • DTP: Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccine
  • DTP/HIB: Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccine Combined with Haemophilus Conjugate Vaccine**

**ACTHIB-Aventis Pasteur- Should be used within 24 hours of reconstitution if used alone or when reconstituted with Aventis Pasteur DTR If Aventis Pasteur DTaP is used to reconstitute ACTHIB, the TriHibit vaccine must be used within 30 minutes. Only Aventis Pasteur DTR DTaP or the diluent shipped with the product, may be used to reconstitute the Aventis Pasteur ACTHIB product. Pedvax Hib- Merck- available in liquid one-dose vials good for 24 hours after reconstitution if kept at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).

Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated container. Maintain temperature at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze or store vaccine in direct contact with refrigerant.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.


Shelf Life:
Up to 18 months. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.

 

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  • HBIG: Hepatitis B Immune Globulin

   
Shipping Requirements:

Should be shipped in insulated container.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 1 year. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.

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  • Hepatitis Vaccine: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B


Shipping Requirements***:
Use insulated container. Must be shipped with refrigerant.

***Engerix by Glaxo Smithkline may be shipped without refrigerant for up to 96 hours as long as the vaccine does not exceed 86°F.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 3 years. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.

 

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  • HiB or HBCV: Haemophilus Conjugate Vaccine


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated container to help prevent freezing.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze - this reduces potency.

Shelf Life:
Up to 2 years. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Reconstitute before use. If the product requires reconstitution, record date of reconstitution on vial. Use only diluent supplied.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening of:

Multidose Vials - Stable until date of expiration, if stored at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F) when not in use.

Single Dose Vials** - Discard unused reconstituted vials after 24 hours.

** ACTHIB - Aventis Pasteur - Should be used within 24 hours of reconstitution if used alone or when reconstituted with Aventis Pasteur DTP. If Aventis Pasteur DTaP is used to reconstitute ACTHIB, the TriHibit vaccine must be used within 30 minutes. Only Aventis Pasteur DTP, DTaP, or the diluent shipped with the product, may be used to reconstitute the Aventis Pasteur ACTHIB product. Pedvax Hib- Merck- available in liquid one-dose vials good for 24 hours after reconstitution if kept at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated material is used first.

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  • Influenza Vaccine
  
Shipping Requirements:
Should be delivered in the shortest possible time. Should not be exposed to excessive temperatures.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Formulated for use within current influenza season.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first.

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  • IPV: Poliovirus Vaccine - Inactivated


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated container with refrigerant.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 18 months. Check date on package.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:

Ampoule - 1 dose: Tap the ampoule to ensure that the solution is in the lower portion rather than in the neck of the ampoule. With sterile needle and syringe, withdraw the contents of the ampoule into syringe, holding the ampoule in such a way that the point of the needle is kept immersed throughout the withdrawal.

Vial - 10 dose: Withdraw 0.5 cc of vaccine into separate sterile needle and syringe for each immunization.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:

Ampoule: Discard if not used immediately.

Vial: Until outdated if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first. The vaccine should be perfectly clear. Any vaccine showing particulate matter, turbidity, or change of color should be discarded.

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  • Lyme Vaccine


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated containers with temperature monitors, via overnight courier. Vaccine can tolerate up to 4 days at room temperature (20°-25°C; 68°-77°F). Coolant packs should be used to ship if the product is to be shipped for a long trip or if there are extremes of ambient temperature expected during the
shipping time.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate upon arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately upon arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 24 months. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Use:
Shake well before withdrawal and use. Discard any vaccine remaining in a single dose vial.

Special Instructions:
Inject intra-muscularly in the deltoid region. Do not inject intravenously, intradermally, or subcutaneously.

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  • Measles Virus Vaccine
  • Mumps Virus Vaccine
  • Rubella Virus Vaccine
  • Measles/Mumps/Rubella-MMR Vaccine
  • Measles/Rubella-MR Vaccine


Shipping Requirements:

Vaccine - Use insulated container. Must be shipped with refrigerant. Maintain at 10°C (50°F) or less. If shipped with dry ice, diluent must be shipped separately.

Diluent - May be shipped with vaccine but do not freeze.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should be below 10°C (50°F). If above this temperature, see instructions (*) below. Do not use warm vaccine. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Vaccine may be stored separately from diluent.
Store as follows:

Vaccine - refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Protect from light at all times, since such exposure may inactivate the virus.

Diluent may be stored at 15°-30°C (59°-86°F) room temperature. Do not Freeze.

Special Note: Freeze dried (lyophilized) vaccines may be maintained at freezer temperatures.

Shelf Life:

Vaccine - Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.

Diluent - Check date on container or vial.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Reconstitute just before using. Use only the diluent supplied to reconstitute the vaccine.

Single Dose Vials - Inject diluent into the vial of lyophilized vaccine and agitate to ensure thorough mixing. Withdraw entire contents into syringe and inject total volume of vaccine subcutaneously.

Multidose Vials - Withdraw all diluent from vial into syringe. Inject into vial of lyophilized vaccine and agitate to ensure thorough mixing.

10-Dose Vials - Withdraw 0.5cc of reconstituted vaccine into separate sterile needle and syringe for each immunization. Licensed for jet injector use.

50-Dose Vials - Use on jet injector only, with dosage set at 0.5cc.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening:
After reconstitution, use immediately or store in a dark place at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Discard if not used within 8 hours.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first.

10-Dose Vials - May be used for both jet injector and needle and syringe methods of immunization.

50-Dose Vials - For jet injector use. Should not be utilized via needle and syringe method of immunization.

DISPOSAL NOTE: All materials used for administering live virus vaccines should be burned, boiled, or autoclaved prior to disposal.

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  • Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine,
    Groups A, C, Y, W-135


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated containers with temperature monitors, via overnight courier. Powdered vaccine can tolerate up to 45°C (113°F) for 6-8 weeks. Coolant packs should be used to ship if the product is to shipped for a long trip or if there are extremes of ambient temperature expected during the shipping time.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate upon arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately upon arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze. Powdered form can tolerate 12 weeks at 37°C (98.6°F) and 6 to 8 weeks at 45°C (113°F).

Shelf Life:
Expires within 18 months. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution and Use:
Reconstitute gently. This is a white powder that yields a clear colorless liquid when reconstituted with 0.5 ml of sterile water.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution or Opening:
Use single dose vials within 24 hours of reconstitution. Unused portions of multi-dose vials may be refrigerated at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F) and used up to 10 days after reconstitution.

Special Instructions:
Diluent to be used is sterile water for injection with 0.01% thimerosal. Reconstituted vaccine should be injected subcutaneously, or with a jet injector device only. Do not inject intradermally, intramuscularly, or intravenously.

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  • Pneumococcal 7-valent Conjugate Vaccine


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated containers at 2°- 8°C (35°-46°F) with temperature monitors.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate upon arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately upon arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 18 months. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution and Use:
Vaccine should appear as a homogenous white suspension after vigorous shaking. The vaccine should be administered intramuscularly only.

Special Instructions:
This vaccine is a suspension containing adjuvant and, if after vigorous shaking, should not be used if the particles can not be resuspended.

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  • Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine—Polyvalent


Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated container with refrigerant. Do not freeze.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F).
Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 2 years. Check date on container or vial.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:

Vials — Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Prefilled SyringesFollow manufacturer's directions.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first. Do not inject intravenously. Intradermal administration may cause severe local reactions and should be avoided.

 

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  • Td—Adult: Tetanus-Diphtheria Toxoids
  • DT—Pediatric: Diphtheria-Tetanus Toxoids

Shipping Requirements:
Should be shipped in insulated container. Maintain temperature at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze or store vaccine in direct contact with refrigerant.

Condition on Arrival*:
Should not have been frozen. Refrigerate on arrival.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Refrigerate immediately on arrival. Store at 2°-8°C (35°-46°F). Do not freeze.

Shelf Life:
Up to 2 years. Check date on vial or container.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
Shake vial vigorously before withdrawing each dose.

Shelf Life after Reconstitution, Thawing, or Opening:
Until outdated, if not contaminated.

Special Instructions:
Rotate stock so that the shortest dated vaccine is used first.

 

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  • Varicella (Chickenpox) Vaccine

Shipping Requirements:
Ship with dry ice only. Should be delivered within 2 days.

Conditions on Arrival*:
Should be frozen. Vaccine should remain at -20°C (-5°F) until arrival at health care facility. Dry ice should still be present in the shipping container when vaccine is delivered. See footnote below.

* If you have any questions about the condition of the material at the time of delivery, you should: 1) Immediately place material in recommended storage; and 2) Notify the Quality Control office of the vaccine manufacturer; or 3) Notify the National Immunization Program, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.

Storage Requirements:
Maintain in a continuously frozen state at -15°C (5°F) or colder. No freeze thaw cycles are allowed with this vaccine. Vaccine should only be stored in freezers or refrigerator/freezers with separate doors and compartments. Acceptable storage may be achieved in standard household freezers purchased in the last 10 years, and standard household refrigerator/freezers with a separate, sealed freezer compartment. In order to maintain this temperature it will be necessary in most refrigerator/freezer models to turn the temperature dial down to the coldest setting. This may result in the refrigerator compartment temperature being lowered as well. Careful monitoring of the refrigerator temperature to avoid freezing killed or inactivated vaccines will be necessary.

Shelf Life:
Up to 18 months. Check date on package and use the earliest expiration date first.

Instructions for Reconstitution or Use:
This product is a lyophilized (freeze dried) product and should only be reconstituted with the diluent provided with the vaccine. This vaccine must be used within 30 minutes of reconstitution or should be discarded.

Special Instructions:
If this vaccine is stored at a temperature warmer than -15°C, it will result in a loss of potency and a reduced shelf life. If a power outage or some other situation occurs that results in the vaccine
storage temperature rising above the recommended storage, the health care provider should contact Merck, the manufacturer, at
1-800-9-827-4829 for a re-evaluation of the products potency before using the vaccine.

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This page last modified on February 10, 2004
This page last reviewed on January 1, 2001

   

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