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Alternative names Return to top
Enzyme-linked immunoassay; EIADefinition Return to top
A rapid test where an antibody or antigen is linked to an enzyme as a means of detecting a match between the antibody and antigen.
This versatile test is widely used in the medical laboratory. It allows your health care provider to:
How the test is performed Return to top
Blood is drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with antiseptic, and an elastic band is placed around the upper arm to cause the vein to swell with blood.
A needle is inserted into the vein, and the blood is collected in air-tight vials or a syringe. During the procedure, the band is removed to restore circulation. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.
The sample is then taken to the laboratory where it is tested for the target antibody or antigen. If the target substance is present in the sample, the test solution has an intense color reaction generated by the attached enzyme indicating a positive test result.
How to prepare for the test Return to top
If your child is to have this test performed, it may be helpful to explain how the test will feel, and even practice or demonstrate on a doll. The more familiar your child is with what will happen, and why, the less anxiety he or she will feel.How the test will feel Return to top
When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.Why the test is performed Return to top
This is a preliminary screening tool used to detect either the presence of antigen or antibody in your blood. It is frequently used to screen for present or past infections.Normal Values Return to top
Normal values depend on the type of substance your health care provider is screening for. In some people, a positive result may be normal.What abnormal results mean Return to top
Abnormal values depend on the type of substance your health care provider is screening for. In some people, a positive result may be normal.What the risks are Return to top
Risks associated with venipuncture are slight:Special considerations Return to top
Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others. Update Date: 11/3/2003 Updated by: Sherry Woodhouse, M.D., Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |