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Formatting References/Endnotes

Endnotes Style

Please refer to the Chicago Manual of Style for situations not listed here.

General Format for Books

Author (first name, last name), Date of publication, Title in Italics, City and state of publication: publisher, page number.

John Jones, 1986, History of Criminology, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 10.

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General Format for Periodicals

Author (first name, last name), Date of publication, "Title of Article," Title of Periodical in Italics volume number(issue no.): page number.

John Jones, 1992, "Crime in the Community," Journal of Crime 10(June): 3–4.

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General Format for OVC and Other Government Series

Author (last name, first name), Date of publication, Title of Publication in Italics, Title of Series in Initial Caps, volume and issue number (if applicable), City and state of publication: publisher, page number.

Christy A. Visher, September 1992, Pretrial Drug Testing, Research in Brief, Washington, DC : U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, 12.

Office for Victims of Crime, New Directions From the Field: Victims' Rights and Services for the 21st Century, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 21.

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Special Situations

Chapters in a Book

Citations of chapters must also include names of authors and editors.

Author (last name, first name), Date of publication, "Title of Chapter in Quotation Marks and Initial Caps," In Title of Publication, by or ed. (author or editor's name beginning with first name), City and state of publication: publisher, page number.

Robert Smith, 1990, "Crime and the Cities," in A Review of Criminal Justice, eds. Ellen Tomes and Edward Bock ( New York: Wiley), 25–30.

Several References in One Footnote

Separate references using semicolons. If the items have been previously cited, state them together as follows: See Jones, "Crime," 3; Miller, "Jails," 5; and Thomas, Prisons, 6.

Repeating a Citation

In endnotes, if you want to cite the same source that was cited just before the present one, use "Ibid." followed by a comma and a page number.

Ibid., 3.

Web Site Citations

Provide the author's name (last name, first name) if available, "The Title of the Document" and title of the full work, if applicable, Name of the organization that placed it on the Web, Web site URL, accessed date (provide date material was gathered).

Volunteer Center of Marin, "A Guide to Organizing Neighborhoods for Preparedness, Response, and Recovery," American Red Cross, www.sff.org/about/publications/emergency_plan.doc, accessed March 3, 2004.

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This document was last updated on September 10, 2004