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Child Maltreatment: Fact Sheet
Occurrence and Consequences
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- According to data about child abuse and
neglect cases known to child protective services (CPS) agencies in the
United States during 2001:
- 903,000 children in the U.S.
experienced or were at risk for child abuse and/or neglect (ACF 2003).
- 59% of child maltreatment victims
suffered neglect (including medical neglect); 19% were physically
abused; 10% were sexually abused; and 7% were emotionally or psychologically abused.
- 1,300 children died from maltreatment;
35% of these deaths were from neglect and 26% from physical abuse (ACF
2003).
- Child maltreatment through blunt trauma
to the head or violent shaking is a leading cause of head injury among
infants and young children (Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect 2001).
- Infants are at greatest risk of
homicide during the first week of infancy, with the risk being highest
on the first day of life (Paulozzi 2002).
- Shaken-baby syndrome, a leading cause
of brain injury to infants, has been documented among children up to
five years old (Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect 2001). An estimated
20% to 25% of infant victims with shaken-baby syndrome die from their
injuries. Nonfatal consequences of shaken-baby syndrome include
blindness, cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment (U.S. Advisory Board
on Child Abuse and Neglect 1995).
- Children who experience maltreatment
are at increased risk for experiencing adverse health effects and
behaviors as adults, including smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, physical
inactivity, severe obesity, depression, suicide, sexual promiscuity, and
certain chronic diseases (Felitti 1998).
- Victims of child maltreatment are also
at increased risk of violence as adults. A national survey found that
victims who were physically assaulted by caregivers were twice as likely
to be physically assaulted as adults (Tjaden 2000).
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References
Department of Health and Human Services
(US), Administration on Children, Youth, and Families. National Child
Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) Glossary. Washington (DC): U.S.
Government Printing Office; 2000. [cited 2003 Dec 15]. Available from:
URL:
www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/dis/ncands98/glossary/glossary.htm
Department of Health and Human Services (US), Administration on Children,
Youth, and Families. Child Maltreatment 2001. Washington (DC): Government
Printing Office; 2003. [cited 2003 Dec 15]. Available from: URL:
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/publications/cm01/index.htm
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, Pub. L. 93-247, title I, Sec.
111, formerly Sec. 14, as added Pub. L. 100-294, title I, Sec. 101, 102
Stat. 116 (Apr.25, 1988); renumbered title I, Sec. 113, and amended Pub.
L. 101-126, Sec.3 (a)(1),(2),(b)(7), 103 Stat. 764, 765 (Oct. 24, 1989);
renumbered Sec. 111 and amended Pub. L. No. 104-235, title I, Sec. 110,
113(a)(1)(B), 110 Stat.3078, 3079 (Oct.3, 1996). [cited 2002 Jul 1].
Available from: URL:
http://uscode.house.gov/usc.htm
Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Shaken-baby syndrome: rotational
cranial injuries technical report. Pediatrics 2001;108:206–10.
Felitti V, Anda R, Nordenberg D, Williamson D, Spitz A, Edwards V, et al.
Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the
leading causes of death in adults. Am J Prev Med 1998;14(4):245–58.
Paulozzi LJ. CDC. Variation in homicide risk during infancy-United States,
1989–1998. MMWR 2002;51(9):187–9.
Tjaden P, Thoennes N. Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and
consequences of violence against women: findings from the National
Violence Against Women Survey. Washington (DC): National Institute of
Justice; 2000 Nov. Report No.: NCJ 183721.
Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect (US). A Nation’s Shame: fatal
child abuse and neglect in the United States. Washington (DC): Department
of Health and Human Services (US); 1995. Report No.: 5.
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