Measurement properties: validity, reliability, and responsiveness

	Published Studies A list of references for published validity, reliability and responsiveness studies.

Validity: The degree to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure. (Scientific Advisory Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust; Assessing health status and quality-of-life instruments: Attributes and review criteria. Quality of Life Research, 2002;11:193–205).

Reliability: The degree to which an instrument can produce consistent results, and consistent results on different occasions, when there is no evidence of change. (Bowling A. Measuring Disease 2001; 2nd Edition. UK: Open University Press p. 20).

Responsiveness: An instrument's ability to detect change over time. (Scientific Advisory Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust; Assessing health status and quality-of-life instruments: Attributes and review criteria. Quality of Life Research 2002;11:193–205).

Published Studies

Validity

Andresen EM, Fitch CA, McLendon PM, Meyers AR. Reliability and validity of disability questions for US Census 2000. American Journal of Public Health 2000;90(8):1297–9.

Andreson EM, Fouts BS, Romeis JC, Brownson CA. Performance of health-related quality of life instruments in a spinal cord injured population. Arch Phys Med Rehab 1999;(5):877–884.

Beatty P, Schechter S, Whitaker K. Evaluating subjective health questions: cognitive and methodological investigations 1996 Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, Section on Survey Research Methods.

Brzenchek J, Ahern K, Dominick D, Heller C, Gold C, & Conway S. Self-reported health-related quality of life and health service utilization of Alzheimer's patients. Gerontologist 2001;41(S1):366–366.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Health-Related Quality of Life-Puerto Rico, 1996-2000, CDC, MMWR 2002,51(08):166–8.

Conway S, Gold, Dominick K, Ahern F, & Heller D. (2001, March 21st–24th). Mental health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures as predictors of cardiac hospitalization. Presentation at the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Seattle, WA.

Currey SS, Rao JK, Winfield JB, Callahan LF. Variations in health status among rheumatic disease patients using the BRFSS health-related quality of life measure. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2000;43:(9 Suppl S):662.

Dominick, K.L., Ahern, F.M., Gold, C.H., and Heller, D.A. (2002). Relationship of health-related quality of life to health care utilization and mortality among older adults. Aging: Clinical and Experimental Research (in press).

Dominick K., Ahern F., Gold C., Heller D. (2001, March 21st–24th). Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and psychotropic medication use among older adults with arthritis. Presentation at the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Seattle, WA.

Dominick K, Ahern F, Gold C, & Heller D. Relationship of self-reported health conditions to health-related quality of life among the elderly (abstract). The Gerontologist 2000;40:93.

Dominick K, Gold C, Ahern F, & Heller D. Cardiac drug use & health-related quality of life among older men and women. The Gerontologist 1999;39(1):244.

Dominick K, Ahern F, Gold C, Heller D, & Brown T. (1998, November 15th–18th). Self-reported pain in the elderly and relationship to quality of life. Presentation at the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Seattle, WA.

Gold C, Dominick K, Ahern F, & Heller D. Medication use and health-related quality of life among the elderly (abstract). The Gerontologist 2000;40:345.

Gold C, Dominick K, Ahern F, Heller D, & Conway S. (2001, March 21st-24th). Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and psychotropic medication use in older adults with diabetes. Presentation at the 22nd Annual Meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Seattle, WA.

Hennessy CH, Moriarty DG, Zack MM, Scherr PA, Brackbill R. Measuring health-related quality of life for public health surveillance. Public Health Reports 1994;109:665–672.

Moriarty D, Zack M. Validation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Healthy Days measures (abstract). Quality of Life Research, Abstracts Issue, 6th Annual Conference of the International Society for Quality of Life Research, Barcelona, Spain, 1999;8(7):617

Nelson DE. Holtzman D. Bolen J. Stanwyck CA. Mack KA. Reliability and validity of measures from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Sozial- und Praventiv medizin 2001;1:(46 Suppl) S3–42.

Newschaffer CJ. Validation of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) HRQOL measures in a statewide sample. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 1998.

Τunpuu S, Chambers LW, Patterson C, Chan D, Yusuf S Validity of the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's Health Related Quality of Life Survey Tool in a Group of Older Canadians. Chronic Diseases in Canada 2001;22(3–4):93–101. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/publicat/cdic-mcc/22-3/c_e.html

Τunpuu S, Krueger P, Vermeulen M, Chambers L. Using the U.S. Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System's Health Related Quality of Life Survey Tool in a Canadian City. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2000;91(1)67–72.

Schechter S, Beatty P, Willis, GB. Asking survey respondents about health status: judgment and response issues in Cognition, aging, and self-reports. Psychology Press, Philadelphia, PA, 1998; Chapter 13:265–83.

Shannon S. Currey, Ph.D., Leigh F. Callahan, Ph.D. (2001). The differential contribution of condition-specific measures to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) health-related quality of life (HRQOL) items in rheumatic disease patients. Presentation at the 2001 Society of Behavioral Medicine meeting in Seattle, WA.

Verbrugge LM, Merrill SS, Liu X. Measuring disability with parsimony. Disability and Rehabilitation 1999;21(5–6):295–306.

Reliability

Andresen EM, Catlin T, Wyrwich K, Jackson-Thompson J. (2001) Retest reliability and validity of a surveillance measure of health-related quality of life. Quality of Life Research 2001;10(3):199.

Andresen EM, Vahle VJ, Lollar D. Proxy reliability: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures for people with disability. Quality of Life Research 10:609–619;2001.

Responsiveness

Albert SM. (2000, March 14th–17th). Change in BRFSS health status/HRQOL measures predicts volume of medical use: Results from the Harlem Men's Health Cohort. Abstract at the 17th Annual BRFSS Conference, Memphis, TN.

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