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Group A Streptococcal (GAS) Disease

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Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)

Streptococcus pyogenes emm Sequence Database
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/biotech/strep/strepindex.htm

http://www.astdhppe.org/infect/strepa.html
http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_home/ch178.htm
http://www.aafp.org/afp/970100ap/pat_141.html

NIH Information
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/streped.htm
http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/strep.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol1no3/stevens.htm

Health Care Provider Information

http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/other/case_def/strept97.html - case definition for Streptococcal Disease, Invasive Group A
http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/other/case_def/s_tss97.html - case definition for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
http://aepo-xdv-www.epo.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/tp_00863.htm - Prevention Guidelines for Streptococcal Infections (also includes Group A and Group B streptococcal infections)
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol1no3/stevens.htm - Streptococcal Toxic-Shock Syndrome: Spectrum of Disease, Pathogenesis, and New Concepts in Treatment, 9/95
http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/p0000446/entire.htm - Guideline for Infection Control in Hospital Personnel, 7/83

Media Information

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/strep.htm - Fact Sheet: Group A Streptococcal Infection Necrotizing Fasciitis - National Institutes of Health
http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/oto/grand/123192.html - Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck - Case study for teaching purposes - Baylor College of Medicine/Houston, TX
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol2no1/strepyro.htm - Trends in Bacteremic Infection Due to Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus), 1986-1995, 3/96
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/abc/facts39.htm - CDC’s “The ABCs of Safe and Healthy Child Care” - information on strep throat and scarlet fever

Laboratory Information

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol5no2/hoe.htm - Rapid Molecular Genetic Subtyping of Serotype M1 Group A Streptococcus Strains, 4/99

http://www.socgenmicrobiol.org.uk/MIC/146/146_05.HTM - emm and sof gene sequence variation in relation to serological typing of opacity-factor-positive group A strreptococci

Outbreak Information

http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00049535.htm - MMWR Outbreak of Invasive Group A Streptococcus Associated with Varicella in a Childcare Center -- Boston, Massachusetts, 1997 2. http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/pubs/mmwr/mm4718.pdf - Varicella related deaths among chidren - United States - 1997, 5/98
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol2no1/strepyro.htm - Trends in Bacteremic Infection Due to Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus), 1986-1995, 3/96
http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056612.htm - March 05, 1999 / 48(08);163-166. Nosocomial Group A Streptococcal Infections Associated with Asymptomatic Health-Care Workers -- Maryland and California, 1997

References  

Factor SH, Levine OS, Schwartz B, Harrison LH, Farley MM, McGeer A, et al. Invasive group A streptococcal disease: risk factors for adults. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9(8): 970-977.

Facklam RF, Martin DR, Lovgren M, et al. Extension of the Lancefield classification for Group A streptococci by addition of 22 new M protein gene sequence types from clinical isolates: emm103 to emm124. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34(1): 28-38.

The Prevention of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections Workshop Participants. Prevention of invasive group A streptococcal disease among household contacts of case-patients and among postpartum and postsurgical patients: Recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35: 950-959.

O'Brien K, Beall B, Barrett NL, et al. Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcus disease in the United States, 1995-1999. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35: 268-276.

   
         

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This page last reviewed February 11, 2004

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