To stop severe bleeding:

1. Have the injured person lie down. If possible, position the person's head slightly lower than the trunk or elevate the legs. This position reduces the risk of fainting by increasing blood flow to the brain. If also possible, elevate the site of bleeding.
2. Remove any obvious dirt or debris from the wound. Don't remove any large or more deeply embedded objects. Don't probe the wound or attempt to clean it at this point. Your principal concern is to stop the bleeding.
3. Apply pressure directly on the wound. Use a sterile bandage, clean cloth or even a piece of clothing. If nothing else is available, use your hand.
4. Maintain pressure until the bleeding stops. When it does, bind the wound tightly with a bandage (or even a piece of clean clothing) and adhesive tape.
5. Don't reposition displaced organs. If the wound is abdominal and organs have been displaced, don't try to reposition them. Cover the wound with a dressing.
6. Don't remove the gauze or bandage. If the bleeding continues and seeps through the gauze or other material you are holding on the wound, don't remove it. Instead, add more absorbent material on top of it.
7. Squeeze a main artery if necessary. If the bleeding doesn't stop with direct pressure, apply pressure to the artery delivering blood to the area of the wound. Pressure points of the arm are on the inside of the arm just above the elbow and just below the armpit. Pressure points of the leg are just behind the knee and in the groin. Squeeze the main artery in these areas against the bone. Keep your fingers flat. With your other hand, continue to exert pressure on the wound itself.
8. Immobilize the injured body part once the bleeding has stopped. Leave the bandages in place and get the injured person to the emergency room as soon as possible.

VIDEO

• First aid – Bleeding

If you suspect internal bleeding, seek emergency help. Signs of internal bleeding may include:

• Bleeding from body cavities (such as the ears, nose, rectum or vagina)
• Vomiting or coughing up blood
• Bruising on neck, chest or abdomen
• Wounds that have penetrated the skull, chest or abdomen
• Abdominal tenderness, possibly accompanied by rigidity or spasm of abdominal muscles
• Fractures
• Shock, indicated by weakness, anxiety, thirst or skin that's cool to the touch