Current Bibliographies in Medicine 2000-3

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National Nutrition Summit: Information Resources

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Table of Contents Series Note PDF Version of This CBM Sample Citations Introduction Bibliography: Session I: The Face of Hunger in America What Does it Mean to be Hungry and Poor in America Hunger in America, 1970-1979 Hunger in America, 1980-1989 Hunger in America, 1990-2000 Toward an End to Hunger in America Federal, State, and Local Government Efforts Private and Individual Efforts Internet Sites on Hunger in America Session II: Hunger, Nutrition, and Health: The Expanding Nutrition Assistance Agenda Food Security as the Foundation of a Healthy Lifestyle Measurement of Hunger and Food Security Food Security: The Concept and Health Aspects Strategies to Harness Nutrition Assistance for a Healthy, Productive Society: Putting Nutrition into Nutrition Assistance Internet Sites on Food Security Session III: Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for Infants, Children, and Adolescents Nutrition and the Low Birth Weight Infant Breast Feeding Promotion Iron and Other Micronutrient Deficiencies in Children Physical Activity and Energy Intake in Children Adolescent Nutrition Internet Sites on Childhood Nutrition Session IV: Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for Women of Reproductive Age Nutrition and Preparing for Pregnancy Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation Exercise and Pregnancy Weight Gain During Pregnancy Nutrition in Extended Lactation Internet Sites on Nutrition and Reproductive Health Session V: Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for an Aging Population Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention of Cancer Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention of Cancer Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues Related to Cognitive Function / Decline Internet Sites on Nutrition Issues Related to Cognitive Function / Decline Malnutrition in an Aging Population Internet Sites on Malnutrition in an Aging Population Session VI: Influences of the Community Food and Activity Environment on Obesity Community Influences on Obesity Environmental Influences on Obesity Session VII: Influences of Family, Schools, and Work Sites on Obesity Family Influences on Obesity School and Worksite Influences on Obesity Session VIII: Influences of Health Care and the Media on Obesity Health Care Practice and Policy Influences on Obesity Media Influences on Obesity Internet Sites on Obesity Session IX: Environment and Healthy Lifestyles Potential for Changing Individual Lifestyles Prototype of a Healthy Community Schools as Change Agents Worksite Interventions Roles that State and Federal Policies Play in Improving Lifestyles International Policy Issues of Other Developed Countries Internet Sites on Healthy Lifestyles Session X: Behavior Change and Lifestyle Improvements Linking Science to Action: Elements of Successful Behavior Change Through the Lifespan Prototype of Interventions, Including Public / Private Partnerships for Behavior Change and Implications for a Wider Audience Community Level Approaches to Behavior Change: What Have We Learned? Internet Sites on Successful Behavior Change Through the Lifespan Return to the top

January 1970 through April 2000 5498 Citations Prepared by Kristine M. Scannell, M.S.L.S. Mary E. Conway, M.L.S. Ronald L. Gordner, M.L.S. Lori J. Klein, M.A.L.S. Marcia Zorn, M.A., M.L.S. 2000 May U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine Reference Section 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20894 Series Note Each bibliography in the Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) series covers a distinct subject area of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current awareness function. Citations are usually derived from searching a variety of online databases. NLM databases utilized include MEDLINE®, BIOETHICSLINE®, HEALTHSTARTM, LocatorPlus® , POPLINETM, PubMed®, and TOXLINE®. The only criterion for the inclusion of a particular published work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the format, ownership, or location of the material is not considered. Other publications in the Current Bibliographies in Medicine series are available at no cost to anyone with Internet access through the Library's World Wide Web site at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/resources.html. Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to: Karen Patrias, Editor Current Bibliographies in Medicine Reference Section National Library of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20894 Phone: 301-496-6097 Fax: 301-402-1384 Internet: ref@nlm.nih.gov PubMed® and Internet Grateful Med® To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers two user-friendly interfaces to its databases. Both PubMed and Internet Grateful Med are available from the World Wide Web. The user with Internet access need only point a compatible Web browser to the NLM Web site http://www.nlm.nih.gov. No other software at the user end is required. Searching through either PubMed or Internet Grateful Med is free-of-charge. Further information on both PubMed and Internet Grateful Med may be found at the NLM Web site given above. For those users without access to the World Wide Web, please contact the Library's Customer Service Desk at 1-888-FINDNLM (301-594-5983 international) or send e-mail for information on alternative ways to search. Return to the top PDF Version of This CBM Beginning with the 2000 CBMs, two formats are offered: HyperText Markup Language (HTML) and Portable Document Format (PDF). PDF documents require the use of the Adobe® Acrobat® Reader, which can be downloaded from Adobe's Web site at no charge. The PDF version of this CBM can be downloaded directly from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/nutritionsummit.pdf. Return to the top Sample Citations Citations are formatted according to the rules established for Index Medicus®*. Sample journal and monograph citations appear below. For journal articles written in a foreign language, the English translation of the title is placed in brackets; for monographs, the title is given in the original language. In both cases the language of publication is shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing at the end of the citation. Note also for journal articles that an availability statement follows many citations. This statement contains the Internet address for the citation in the NLM PubMed® retrieval system. The PubMed record includes an abstract for most articles and may also provide a link to the publisher's Internet site. Journal Article: Example: Blackburn GL, Miller D, Chan S. Pharmaceutical treatment of obesity. Nurs Clin North Am 1997 Dec;32(4):831-48. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9386228& dopt=Abstract Order, with separating punctuation: Authors. Article Title. Abbreviated Journal Title Date;Volume(Issue):Pages. Availability. Monograph: Example: Watson RR, Mufti SI. Nutrition and cancer prevention. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; c1996. 362 p. Order, with separating punctuation: Authors/Editors. Title. Edition. Place of Publication: Publisher; Date. Total No. of Pages. * For details of the formats used for references, see the following publication: Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for bibliographic citation. Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991 Apr. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030. Return to the top

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Introduction

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National Nutrition Summit: Information Resources

The National Nutrition Summit, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services will be held on May 30 and 31, 2000 in Washington, DC. The Summit will provide an opportunity to highlight accomplishments since the 1969 White House Conference in the areas of food security, nutrition, and health. The Summit will identify continuing challenges and emerging opportunities for the Nation in these areas and will focus on nutrition and lifestyle issues across the lifespan, especially those related to the national epidemic of overweight and obesity.

The two day program of the National Nutrition Summit will consist of ten concurrent sessions. Each participant of the meeting will attend one of the sessions. During these sessions the participants will identify the current state of the topic and identify where new policies and research funding are needed. To assist participants in preparing for the breakout sessions, this bibliography was developed by the staff of the National Library of Medicine (NLM). The purpose of the bibliography is to provide an overview and background and is not comprehensive on the various topics. The references consist of citations from the professional journal and monographic literature, prominent newspapers, legal materials, and links to Internet sites. The focus of the literature cited is mostly U.S. centered with limited citations on world hunger and nutrition issues. Most of the citations are in English. The date coverage of the literature is 1970 to the present to provide an overview of the literature since the last White House Conference on Nutrition. The citations are grouped by the topics of the ten concurrent sessions; citations may be found in more than one category. Many journal citations which have been retrieved from the NLM PubMed system also contain links to the PubMed record so that abstracts may be obtained if available.

The editors would like to express their appreciation for editing assistance completed by Twann Dailey, Martha Glock, and Phyllis Levine of the Reference Section, National Library of Medicine, in the development of this bibliography.

This publication is not copyrighted and may be freely reproduced. However any reproductions of this bibliography, in whole or in part, should include all credits. If you wish to cite this bibliography, the correct format is:
Scannell, Kristine M.; Conway, Mary E.; Gordner, Ronald L.; Klein, Lori J.; Zorn, Marcia, compilers. National Nutrition Summit: information resources [bibliography on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2000 May [insert cited year month day in brackets]. [insert no. of screens or lines in brackets]. (Current bibliographies in medicine; no. 2000-3). 5498 citations from January 1970 through April 2000. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/resources.html

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Session I. The Face of Hunger in America

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Session I. A. What Does it Mean to be Hungry and Poor in America

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Session I. A. 1. Hunger in America, 1970-1979

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Brown L. Hunger USA: the public pushes Congress. J Health Soc Behav 1970 Jun;11(2):115-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5431196&dopt;=Abstract

Brown RE. Starving children: the tyranny of hunger. New York: Springer; c1977. 154 p.

Citizens' Board of Inquiry into Hunger and Malnutrition in the United States. Hunger U.S.A.: a report. Boston (MA): Beacon Press; [1968]. 96 p.

Cooper A. Victim of reform: nutrition panel nears end; anti-hunger groups worry support will die, too. Cong Q W Rep 1977 Nov 26;35:2502-3. Senate committee reorganization; background and operations of the Select committee on nutrition and human needs and effects of the reorganization on it.

Duzen JV, Carter JP, Zwagg RV. Protein and calorie malnutrition among preschool Navajo Indian children, a follow-up. Am J Clin Nutr 1976 Jun;29(6):657-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=818894&dopt;=Abstract

Emergency food: food banks, emergency food centers, food drives, weekend meals, volunteers. New York: Food Monitor; 1979. 16 p. (Food monitor reprint; no. 2).

Federal Food Programs--1973. Part 4--School Food Program Needs. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 93rd Cong., 1st Sess. (1973 Sep 17).

Harkins RW, Lushbough JA. National nutrition policy conference: an end to apathy? J Sch Health 1974 Dec;44(10):539-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4154387&dopt;=Abstract

Hollings EF. The case against hunger. New York : Cowles; [c1970]. 276 p.

Howell L. Hunger and the Senate. Christ Crisis 1978 Feb 6;38(1):4-5.

Hunger - 1973. Hearing Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 93rd Cong., 1st Sess. (1973).

Hunger and malnutrition. JAMA 1970 Nov 9;214(6):1123. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5536263&dopt;=Abstract

Hunger in America, Ten Years Later. Hearings Before the Senate Subcomm. on Nutrition of the Comm. on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 96th Cong., 1st Sess. (1979 Apr 30).

Koh ET, Caples V. Frequency of selection of food groups by low-income families in southwestern Mississippi. J Am Diet Assoc 1979;74(6):660-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=447971&dopt;=Abstract

Kramer J. Hunger U. S. A. revisited. A report. [Washington?]: Citizens' Board of Inquiry Into Hunger and Malnutrition in the United States; [1972]. 52 p.

Malnutrition and hunger in the United States. Report of the Council on Foods and Nutrition to the AMA board of Trustees. JAMA 1970 Jul 13;213(2):272-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5467894&dopt;=Abstract

Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Nutrition, 1973. Part 1. Consequences of Malnutrition, Part 2. Government Responses. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 93rd Cong., 1st Sess. (1973 Jun 5-7).

McGovern GS. An American paradox: hunger in an affluent society. Soc Educ 1974 Nov-Dec;38(7):654-6.

National Nutrition Policy Study--1974. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 93rd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1974 Jun 19-20).

Nutrition and Human Needs. Part 1. Hunger and the Income Gap. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 91st Cong., 2nd Sess. (1970 Mar 2-6).

Nutrition and Human Needs. Part 1. School Breakfast Program Survey. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1972 Apr 10).

Nutrition and Human Needs. Part 2. Nutritional Needs of Nation's Older Americans. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1972 Jun 14).

Nutrition and Human Needs. Part 9. Universal School Lunch Program. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1971 Oct 13-14).

Nutrition and Human Needs, 1970. Part 2. National School Lunch Program, the Urban Crisis. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 91st Cong., 2nd Sess. (1970 Mar 23, 1970 Apr 20). Hearings held in Modesto, Calif., March 23, 1970, and Chicago, Ill., April 20, 1970.

Nutrition and Human Needs, 1971. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1971). Review of the results of the White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health.

Nutrition and Human Needs, 1972. Part 3A. Section 13, Funds: Summer Lunch-Pre-School Feeding. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1972 Apr 7, Jun 2).

Nutrition and Human Needs, 1972. Part 3B. Unused Food Assistance Funds: Food Stamps, Administration Witnesses. Hearings Before the Senate Select Comm. on Nutrition and Human Needs, 92nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1972 Jun 7, 22).

Paglin M. Poverty in the United States: a reevaluation. Policy Rev 1979 Spring;8:7-24.

Schutt BG. What do you know about hunger? Am J Nurs 1970 Jan;70(1):65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5196146&dopt;=Abstract

Segal JA. Food for the hungry; the reluctant society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press; [1970]. 83 p.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Hunger - 1973. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973. 75 p. 93rd Congress, 1st Session. Committee print.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Hunger 1973 and press reaction. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 Nov. 91 p. 93rd Congress, 1st Session.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Hunger and the reform of welfare: a question of nutritional adequacy. Washington (DC): U. S. Government Printing Office; 1972 Feb. Committee print.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Seattle: unemployment, the new poor, and hunger, with supplement. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971 Dec. 42 p. 92nd Congress, 1st Session. Committee print.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Studies of human need. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972. 229 p. 92nd Congress, 2nd Session. Committee print.

Walwyn CA. Observations on hunger and malnutrition in a local population. J Natl Med Assoc 1970 Sep;62(5):373-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5469773&dopt;=Abstract

Weitecha G. Who will feed the hungry? Chart 1970 Feb;67(2):48-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=5201027&dopt;=Abstract

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Session I. A. 2. Hunger in America, 1980-1989

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Accessibility and Effectiveness of Anti-Hunger Programs. Hearings Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 98th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1984 Jun 25, Jul 23).

Adams JM. Study finds hunger reaching into blue-collar America. Boston Globe 1987 Oct 26:1 (col. 2).

Allen JE. Food programs grow slowly from 1979 to 1983. Natl Food Rev 1984;26:21-5.

Allen JE. "Hunger" in the Southern United States. [place unknown]: Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists, Rural Sociology Section; 1986. Association paper.

Alleviating Hunger: Progress and Prospects. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1984 Jun 26).

Amidei N. Poor children and American social policy: are we meeting our responsibilities? Washington (DC): Food Research and Action Center; 1983 Jun. 29 p.

Appalachia Revisited: the Persistence of Hunger and Poverty in West Virginia. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Jun 24).

Appalachia: Rural Women and the Economics of Hunger. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 Oct 22).

Automation of Public Assistance Programs: Increasing Access, Efficiency, and Utilization Through Automation. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 Jul 20).

Bacon J. [Food banks across the U.S. face tougher times collecting food for the hungry]. USA Today 1987 Oct 27;Sect. A:10 (col. 1).

Ballentine CL. Hunger is more than an empty stomach. Rockville (MD): Food and Drug Administration (US); 1984.

Barriers to Participation in Federal Assistance Programs. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Oct 2).

Berry JM. Feeding hungry people: rulemaking in the Food Stamp Progam. Brunswick (NJ): Rutgers University Press; 1984. 182 p.

[Bread battle: in abundance of U.S., hunger is often sign of a deeper social ill, `new poor' of middle class face problem like that of drifter, welfare mom, bologna for lobster tastes]. Wall Street Journal 1984 Mar 9:1 (col. 1).

Brown JL. Hunger in the US. Sci Am 1987 Feb;256(2):36-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3810118&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JL. When violence has a benevolent face: the paradox of hunger in the world's wealthiest democracy. Int J Health Serv 1989;19(2):257-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2714923&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JL, Allen D. Hunger in America. Annu Rev Public Health 1988;9:503-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3288242&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JL, Gershoff SN. The paradox of hunger and economic prosperity in America. J Public Health Policy 1989 Winter;10(4):425-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2621248&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JL, Gershoff SN, Cook JT. The politics of hunger: when science and ideology clash. Int J Health Serv 1992;22(2):221-37. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1601543&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JL, Pizer H. Living hungry in America. New York: Macmillan; c1987. 212 p.

Carroll ML. Who's hungry? Encountering and overcoming hunger locally. [place unknown]: Mid-South Sociological Association; 1985. Association paper on the Arkansas Hunger Project.

Charitable organizations spend estimated $10 billion in 1985 to feed and house needy in America. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1986 May 25;Sect. A:14 (col. 4).

Colonias: a Third World Within Our Borders. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 May 15).

[Commission on Hunger in New England offers study results that differ sharply from those of government survey of hunger]. Los Angeles Times 1984 Feb 7;Sect. I[H]:2 (col. 1).

[Congressional critics of Reagan's hunger task force report charge that it lacks compassion and is being used as tool to blunt public concern]. Chicago Tribune 1984 Jan 27;Sect. 1:3 (col. 5).

Continuing Efforts of Coordinate and Simplify Major Federal Assistance Programs. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger,100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Sep 30).

Coordination and Simplification of Domestic Federal Assistance Programs. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 Jul 9).

Cousins N. Bread lines: reflecting America's soul? Christian Science Monitor 1989 Sep 12:18 (col. 1).

[Cover story--Special report on hunger in U.S.]. USA Today 1984 Mar 30;Sect. A:1 (col. 3).

[Demand for emergency food assistance in US rises 20.4% during 1983]. Los Angeles Times 1984 Nov 3;Sect. I[H]:25 (col. 1).

Demkovich LE. Hunger in America--is its resurgence real or is the evidence exaggerated? Nat J 1983 Oct 8;15:2048-52.

DeVault ML, Pitts JP. Surplus and scarcity: hunger and the origins of the food stamp program. Soc Problems 1984 Jun;31(5):545-57.

[Doctor says malnutrition & hunger strike middle class also]. Houston Post 1984 Sep 8;Sect. B:7 (col. 3).

[Econ. recovery has little effect on numbers in U.S. soup lines]. Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 1984 Nov 22;Sect. G:7 (col. 1).

Effective Uses of Agricultural Abundance for Hunger Relief. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 98th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1984 Sep 20).

Emergency food aid: a New York assessment. Nutr Week 1988 Dec 15;18(49):4-5.

Emergency food needed by families and children. Nutr Week 1986 Jan 9;16(2):4-5.

Emergency food requests increase in many areas. Nutr Week 1989 Jun 22;19(25):4-5.

Emergency Hunger Relief Act of 1988. Report to accompany H.R. 4060. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988. (House report; 100-828).

Emig CA. The reemergence of hunger: social spending cuts have made it more difficult to feed the needy. Governance 1986 Summer-Fall:30:3

[Evangelist Larry Jones works to distribute farm surplus to the hungry in the U.S.]. Washington Times 1987 Feb 27;Sect. D:5 (col. 1).

[Extent of hunger problem in U.S. discussed]. Christian Science Monitor 1984 Jan 5:1 (col. 2).

Farm Crisis: Growing Poverty and Hunger Among America's Food Producers. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Jun 24).

[First in series of periodic reports on hunger in America surveys problem, summarizes effects of Reagan budget cuts]. Chicago Tribune 1984 Aug 12;Sect. 1:1 (col. 5).

Fisher K. Hunger in Washington. Wash Nurse 1989 Nov-Dec;19(10):11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2514491&dopt;=Abstract

Florida hunger survey expands methodology. Nutr Week 1985 Apr 18;15(16):4-5.

[Focus on chronic malnutrition and starvation in Mississippi Delta]. Chicago Tribune 1984 Oct 16;Sect. 4:12 (col. 2).

Food programs are stronger than ever. Food Nutr 1987 Jan;17(1):2-7.

France JB. Recognizing the needs of the homeless and the hungry. Washington (DC): American National Red Cross; 1987 Apr. 58 p.

Graham GG. Poverty, hunger, malnutrition, prematurity, and infant mortality in the United States. Pediatrics 1985 Jan;75(1):117-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3880880&dopt;=Abstract

Graham GG. Searching for hunger in America. Public Interest 1985 Winter;3:17

Granat D. Humanitarian aid programs being explored by members, Reagan administration staff; combating homelessness, hunger. Congr Q Wkly Rep 1983 Feb 12;41:323-8.

Guyon J. Bread battle: in abundance of U.S., hunger is often sign of a deeper social ill;. "new poor" of middle class face problem like that of drifter, welfare mom. Wall Street Journal 1984 Mar 9:203:1.

Hall S. The President's poor lining up for food parcels. Guardian (London) 1989 Dec 15:21 (col. 6). Poverty and homelessness in Seattle.

["Hands across America" forms line from NYC to Long Beach]. San Francisco Chronicle 1986 May 26:1 (col. 3).

Health Consequences of Hunger on U.S. Infants and Children. Joint Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger and the Subcomm. on Health and the Environment of the House Comm. on Energy and Commerce, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 May 23).

Hey RP. Private efforts to feed the hungry suffer from 'donor fatigue'. Christian Science Monitor 1987 Nov 24: 5 (col. 1).

Hill MJ. High rent and health costs leave many elderly hungry. Christian Science Monitor 1987 Dec 24:1 (col. 2).

Hinchey MT. What about us? (domestic hunger). Food Monit 1980 Mar-Apr;15:12-3

Hunger Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong. 2nd Sess. (1986 Jul 31).

Hunger Among the Homeless. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 Mar 6).

Hunger Among the Homeless: a Survey of 140 Shelters, Food Stamp Participation and Recommendations. Hearings Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Mar).

Hunger and Homelessness. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Feb 25).

Hunger and Nutrition Problems Among American Indians: A Case Study of North Dakota. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Jul 10).

Hunger and Poverty Among Single Persons: Is There a Safety Net for Them? Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 Jun 15).

Hunger and the Elderly. Joint Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger and the House Select Comm. on Aging, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 Apr 22).

Hunger counties: methodological review of a report by the Physician Task Force on Hunger. Briefing report to congressional requesters. Washington (DC): General Accounting Office (US); 1986 Mar. 48 p.

Hunger Emergency in America. Joint Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the Senate Comm. on Agriculture and the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Feb 24).

Hunger in America. Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Nutrition and Investigations of the Senate Comm. on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Jan 30, Mar 1, Mar 28).

Hunger in America: a series of articles. Chicago Tribune 1984 Aug - 1985 Feb.

Hunger in America: an American Dietetic Association perspective (ADA timely statement). J Am Diet Assoc 1987 Nov;87(11):1571-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3668134&dopt;=Abstract

Hunger in Rural America. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the Senate Comm. on Agriculture, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 May 17).

Hunger in the eighties: a primer. Washington (DC): Food Research and Action Center; c1984. 166.p.

Hunger in the midwest, Epidemic' spreads. Nutr Week 1985 May 2;15(18):4-5.

Hunger in the United States and Related Issues. Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the House Comm. on Agriculture, 98th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1984 Mar 2, Mar 30).

[Hunger Project in San Francisco Calif lists trends on hunger and nutrition in US]. Los Angeles Times 1984 Aug 2;Sect. IX:42 (col. 1).

Hunger Relief Act of 1986. Joint Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the House Comm. on Agriculture, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 Jun 25).

Hunger, Nutrition, Older Americans: The Impact of the Fiscal Year 1983 Budget. Hearing Before the Special Senate Comm. on Aging, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1982 Feb 25).

[Jan 27-30 Gallup Poll on hunger and deprivation in the U.S.]. Houston Post 1984 Mar 18;Sect. A:5 (col. 1).

King S. View from a food pantry. Whats New Home Econ 1989 Jan-Feb;22(3):8-9.

Koh ET. Food resources of low-income households in Southwest Mississippi. J Am Diet Assoc 1984 Jan;84(1):63-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6690567&dopt;=Abstract

Lamphere J. Hunger: no myth, America. Health PAC Bull 1984 Jul-Aug;15(4):7, 10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10268646&dopt;=Abstract

Lattimer A. Hunger--Chicago. The Cook County Nutritional Surveillance Project. Health Med 1984 Spring;2(3):12, 22-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10266899&dopt;=Abstract

Leepson M. Hunger in America. Editor Res Rep 1983 Sep 30:723-40.

Lutheran Ministry issues community hunger report. Nutr Week 1985 Oct 17;15(41):4-5.

Maney AL. Still hungry after all these years: food assistance policy from Kennedy to Reagan. New York: Greenwood Press; 1989. 192 p.

Marcotte LP, Wenk DA. Hidden hunger in America. [place unknown]: Rural Sociological Society; 1988. Association paper.

Marcotte P. Hidden hunger in the land of plenty: a case study of Lexington, Kentucky. [place unknown]: Rural Sociological Society; 1987. Association paper.

Maz V. How to help the hungry & homeless. J Christ Nurs 1988 Fall;5(4):10-5.

Mazingo S. [Two young boys at Los Angeles gas station pump gas because they do not have enough to eat]. Chicago Tribune 1986 Mar 6;Sect.1:25 (col. 1).

McDougal D. [Brands Across America campaign seeks to raise money for hungry people by encouraging consumers to use discount coupons...]. Los Angeles Times 1987 Feb 1;Sect. C:3 (col. 1).

McMurry DW. Hunger in rural America: stalking a myth to the cornfield. A re-examination of the Harvard Physician Task Force on Hunger in America. [place unknown]: Rural Sociological Society; 1988. Association paper.

Millman S. Hunger in the 1980s--backdrop for policy in the 1990s. Food Policy 1990 Aug;15(4):277-85.

Moss D. [Anti-hunger groups sue to save food program that helps 18 million poor]. USA Today 1987 Feb 4;Sect. A:3 (col. 5).

[News in Brief--Lack of food stamps reported in U.S. hunger areas]. Christian Science Monitor 1986 Jan 15:2 (col. 4).

Oberg CN. Pediatrics and poverty. Pediatrics 1987 Apr;79(4):567-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3822675&dopt;=Abstract

[One of a series of periodic articles on hunger looks at serious, chronic malnutrition in US]. Chicago Tribune 1984 Oct 15;Sect. 1:1 (col. 4).

Parker L. "A national tragedy": the Task Force that could not find hunger, but found a block grant instead. Health Med 1984 Spring;2:6-11.

Pear R. Counting the hungry--a contentious census. New York Times 1987 Nov 15;Sect. 4:5 (col. 4).

Petchers MK, Chow J, Kordisch K. Urban emergency food center clients: characteristics, coping strategies and needs. J Soc Soc Welfare 1989 Jun;16(2):195-203.

Physician Task Force on Hunger in America. Hunger in America: the growing epidemic. Middletown (CT): Wesleyan University Press; c1985. 231 p.

Poppendieck JE. Hunger in America: the definitional process and its consequences. Humanit Soc 1983 Nov;7(4):373-94.

Poverty and Hunger in America. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation of the House Comm. on Ways and Means, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 Apr 30).

Poverty and Hunger in Hispanic America: the Inadequacy of Data for Policy Planning. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Mar 30).

Poverty and Hunger in Hispanic America : The Inadequacy of Data for Policy Planning. Hearing Before the House Select Senate Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Mar 30).

Poverty and Hunger in the Black Family. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 Sep 26).

Poverty, Hunger, and the Welfare System. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 Aug 5).

Problems of Hunger and Malnutrition. Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the House Comm. on Agriculture, 98th Cong., 1st Sess. (1983 Feb 28, Mar 25, Apr 30).

Raab CA, Holyoak A, Raff LG. Bridging the hunger gap. J Home Econ 1988 Fall;80(3):3-7.

Ranney CK. Hunger and nutrition in America: discussion. Am J Agric Econ 1986 Dec;68(5):1258-60.

Report by Citizen's Commission on Hunger in New England claims hunger is widespread in US "as a result of clear and conscious govt policies". Atlanta Journal 1984 Feb 6;Sect. A:2 (col. 5).

Review of Studies of the Domestic Hunger Problem and Proposed Solutions. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the House Comm. on Agriculture, 98th Cong., 1st Sess. (1983 Oct 20).

Reyes LM, Waxman LD. The continued growth of hunger, homeless and poverty in America's cities: 1986: a 25-city survey. Washington (DC): US Conference of Mayors; 1986. 12 p.

Reyes LM, Waxman LD. The continuing growth of hunger, homelessness, and poverty in America's cities: 1987. A 26-city survey. Washington (DC): United States Conference of Mayors; 1987 Dec. 84 p.

Role of Federal Food Assistance Programs in Strategies To Reduce Infant Mortality. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Apr 29).

Role of Gleaning in Efforts to Alleviate Hunger. Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (1987 Aug 5).

Rosenbaum S. Access to care: where are the holes in the net? Special concerns for women and children. Health Matrix 1985 Fall;3(3):11-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10301392&dopt;=Abstract

Sarri RC. Federal policy changes and the feminization of poverty. Child Welfare 1985 May-Jun;64(3):235-47.

Schneider K. New product on farms in Midwest: hunger. New York Times 1987 Sep 29;Sect. A:1 (col. 3).

Schwartz NL. Starving in the shadow of plenty. New York: Academic Press; 1981. 240 p.

Scott RI. Poverty-blame, stigma and Food Stamp Program participation. [place unknown]: Mid-South Sociological Association; 1985. Association paper.

Scouts plan a national food drive. New York Times 1988 Sep;Sect. C:8 (col. 3). Boy Scouts of America program.

[Second Harvest, Chicago-based nonprofit group, expects to distribute $300 million worth of food products...through food banks in 46 states and 16,000 charitable organizations]. Los Angeles Times 1985 Dec 15;Sect. I[H]:10 (col. 1).

Sheler JL. Hunger in America: just how bad? U S News 1984 Jan 23;96:35-6.

Shotland J. Full fields, empty cupboards: the nutritional status of migrant farmworkers in America. Washington (DC): Public Voice for Food and Health Policy; 1989 Apr. 114 p.

Shotland J, Loonin D. Patterns of risk: The nutritional status of the rural poor. Washington (DC): Public Voice for Food and Health Policy; 1988 Feb. 175 p.

Silva S. Looking at hunger through the window of Appalachia. Appalachian project: rural women and the economics of hunger: a summary report. Washington (DC): In Our Own Way; 1986.

[The size of the poverty problem in the U.S. is debatable, and that depends on how it is measured]. Wall Street Journal 1988 Nov 2;Sect. B:1 (col. 1).

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Hunger and Poverty in Urban America. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 1st Sess. (1985 Nov 8).

Squires S. While some go hungry, others are overfed. Washington Post 1989 Nov 14;Sect. WH:7 (col. 1).

Strategies to Reduce Hunger in America. Hearing Before the Senate Comm. on Labor and Human Resources, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 May 21).

Task force documents hunger in Missouri. Nutr Week 1986 May 15;16(20):4-5.

[Task force finds no evidence of widespread hunger in U.S.]. USA Today 1984 Jan 10;Sect. A:1 (col. 5). President's Task Force on Food Assistance.

Team of doctors assigned to assess problem of hunger in the South say malnutrition is decreasing but hunger is increasing. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1984 May 5;Sect. A:16 (col. 1).

The Causes and Consequences of Hunger and Poverty in Houston. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 99th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1986 Jun 6).

The elderly, 'new poor' find assistance blocked. Nutr Week 1986 Jun 12;16(24):4-5.

The MD Food Committee: hunger knows no season. Nutr Week 1989 Feb 9;19(6):4-5.

The Republican Record: abuse and neglect. Nutr Week 1988 Oct 20;18(41):4-5.

Too many hungry people in American communities. Nutr Week 1985 Oct 10;15(40):4-5.

[A U.S. Conference of Mayors survey of 25 major cities found that demand by the needy for emergency food and shelter increased last year despite an improving national economy]. Wall Street Journal 1986 Jan 22:1 (col. 3).

Uncle Sam will cut back on donations to soup kitchens. Los Angeles Times 1987 Nov 18;Sect. IV:4 (col. 1).

United States Conference of Mayors. A status report on hunger and homelessness in America's cities.1989. A 27-city survey. Washington (DC): The Conference; 1989 Dec. 96 p.

United States Conference of Mayors, Task Force on Joblessness and Hunger. The status of hunger in cities, April 1985. Washington (DC): The Conference; 1985. 9 p.

United States House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture. Maintaining current efforts in federal nutrition programs to prevent increases in domestic hunger: report together with supplemental views, to accompany H. Con. Res. 40. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Jul 29.

United States House of Representatives, Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families. Safety net programs: are they reaching poor children? Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1986 Sep. 99th Congress, 2nd Session. House report.

Virginia GA. Report of the Joint Subcommittee studying hunger and malnutrition in the Commonwealth to the governor and the General Assembly of Virginia. Hunger and malnutrition in the Commonwealth. Richmond (VA): Commonwealth of Virginia; 1985. 59 p. (Senate document (Virginia. General Assembly. Senate); 1985, no. 13.).

Waxman LD, Reyes LM. A status report on hunger and homelessness in America's cities: 1988. A 27-city Survey. Washington (DC): United States Conference of Mayors; 1989 Jan. 88 p.

We are overwhelmed by the people's needs. Nutr Week 1985 Nov 8;14(44):4-5.

Yen PK. Nutrition. Hunger, politics, and the old. Geriatr Nurs 1984 Sep-Oct;5(7):333-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6565621&dopt;=Abstract

Young AA. Eliminating hunger in America. Increasing Underst Public Probl Policies 1988:107-11.

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Session I. A. 3. Hunger in America, 1990-2000

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Aiken W. Policy statements: dignified food security for all. Agric Hum Values 1994;11(4):84-98.

Alaimo K, Briefel RR, Frongillo EA Jr, Olson CM. Food insufficiency exists in the United States: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Am J Public Health 1998 Mar;88(3):419-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9518974&dopt;=Abstract

Allen LH. Functional indicators and outcomes of undernutrition. J Nutr 1990 Aug;120(8):924-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2199637&dopt;=Abstract

Analysis suggests hungry children number 12 million. Nutr Week 1993 Jun 18;23:3.

Aucoin D. Flynn, on Coast, finds common ground of hunger. Boston Globe 1991 Jun 15:21 (col. 2). Boston Mayor Flynn visited a soup kitchen in San Diego.

Barnicle M. Case of hunger closer to home. Boston Globe 1992 Dec 8:25 (col. 1).

Barringer F. Whether it's hunger or 'misnourishment,' it's a national problem. New York Times 1992 Dec 27;Sect. 4:2 (col. 1).

Beyond Food Aid : Priorities for a Food Secure Future. Hearing Before the House Select Committee on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1992 Oct 16).

Beyond Public Assistance: Where Do We Go from Here? Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 Mar 25).

BFW report looks toward renewing hunger politics. Nutr Week 1993 Oct 22;23(39):4-5.

Boodman SG. Researchers put number on U.S. hunger; 10 million Americans, many of them in working families, don't get enough food. Washington Post 1998 Mar 31;Sect. WH:7 (col. 1).

Bread for the World examines hunger's causes. Nutr Week 1994 Oct 28;24(40):4-5.

Brod RL, Miller PE. Race, hunger, and poverty on Montana Indian reservations. Race Gend Class 1998;5(2):99-123.

Brunsman S. Food bank provides vivid picture of enduring U.S. hunger problem. Houston Post 1993 Dec 14;Sect. A:1 (col. 2).

Burt MR. Hunger among the elderly: local and national comparisons: final report of a national study on the extent and nature of food insecurity among American seniors. Washington (DC): Urban Institute; [1993].

Carter K. USA Snapshots: childhood hunger. USA Today 1991 Apr 15;Sect. A:1 (col. 1).

Childhood hunger: what the numbers really mean. Nutr Week 1992 Feb 21;22(8):4-5.

Children's Express: kids are starving in our own backyard. Amsterdam (NY) News 1992 Apr 18:22 (col. 1).

Clancy KL, Bowering J, Poppendieck J. Characteristics of a random sample of emergency food program users in New York. I. Food pantries. Am J Public Health 1991 Jul;81(7):911-4.

Coalition launches campaign to end U.S. hunger by 1995. Nutr Week 1992 Apr 10;22(14):1-2.

Cohen BE, Burt MR, Schulte MM. Hunger and food insecurity among the elderly. Washington (DC): Urban Institute; 1993. 25 p.

Cohen BE, Chapman N, Burt MR. Food sources and intake of homeless persons. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):45S-51S. (Eng, Fre, Spa).

Colvin LE. Poverty affects 12 million children; 1 in 7 is hungry. Journal & Guide (Norfolk (VA)) 1993 Jun 23:1 (col. 2).

Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project. Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project: a survey of childhood hunger in the United States. Washington (DC): Food Research and Action Center; c1991. 104 p.

Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project. A survey of childhood hunger in the United States: executive summary. Washington (DC): Food Research and Action Center; c1991. 1 vol.

Conlin J, Bisol M, Tyrrell K, Turnbull E, Meadows L. Parent-child malnutrition in Massachusetts and what can be done about it. Mass Nurse 1999 Mar;69(3):8.

Contra Costa County Hunger Task Force. Hunger in the midst of affluence. Pleasant Hill (CA): The Task Force; c1993. 46 p.

Cook JT, Brown JL. Development of a baseline hunger measure: a synthesis of critical issues. [Medford (MA)] : Tufts University School of Nutrition, Center on Hunger, Poverty and Nutrition Policy: [1994]. 17 leaves.

Cook JT, Martin KS. Differences in nutrient adequacy among poor and non-poor children. Medford (MA): Tufts University School of Nutrition, Center on Hunger, Poverty and Nutrition Policy; [1995]. 29 p.

Coordination and Simplification of Public Assistance Programs: Today's Efforts. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1991 Apr 23).

Crittendon D. Running on empty. Detroit News 1991 May 14;Sect. C:1 (col. 4). Hunger in Michigan counties.

Crop-Sharing Hunger Relief Act. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Energy and Agricultural Taxation of the Senate Comm. on Finance, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess., on S. 1826 (1991 Oct 16).

Curtis KA. Urban poverty and the social consequences of privatized food assistance. J Urban Aff 1997;19(2):207-26.

Cutts DB, Pheley AM, Geppert JS. Hunger in midwestern inner-city young children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998 May;152(5):489-93. Comment in: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998 May;152(5):423-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9605034&dopt;=Abstract

Daponte BO, Lewis GH, Sanders S, Taylor L. Food pantry use among low-income households in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. J Nutr Educ 1998 Jan-Feb;30(1):50-7.

Davis CG. Domestic food programs, hunger and undernutrition in rural America: how secure is the safety net? In: Stewart JB, Allen-Smith JE, editors. Blacks in rural America. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Publishers; 1995. p. 173-96.

Dehavenon AL. Hunger and malnutrition in New York City's homeless families. In: Kohler BM, et al., editors. Poverty and food in welfare societies. Berlin: Edition Sigma; 1997. p. 261-71.

Dehavenon AL. Hungry and homeless families on metropolitan streets: New York City in the 1990s. New York: International Sociological Association (ISA); 1994.

Dietz WH. Undernutrition of children in Massachusetts. J Nutr 1990 Aug;120(8):948-54. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2380799&dopt;=Abstract

DiNitto DM. Hunger, nutrition, and food programs. In: National Association of Social Workers. Encyclopedia of social work. 19th ed. Washington (DC): NASW Press; 1995. p. 1428-37.

Downing TE. Reducing hunger in the 1990s: Third Annual Hunger Research Briefing and Exchange, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 4-6 April, 1990. Disasters 1990 Sept;14(3):274-5.

Doyle J. Poverty called worse foe than Saddam Hussein. San Francisco Chronicle 1991 Feb 4;Sect. B:6 (col. 5).

Duncan GJ, Rodgers W. Has children's poverty become more persistent? Am Sociol Rev 1991 Aug;56(4):538-50.

Erickson JB. Compromised futures: Indiana's children in poverty. Indianapolis (IN): Indiana Youth Institute; 1991 Apr. 47 p. (Occasional paper; no. 2).

An Examination of Issues Affecting the Low-Income Elderly Under the Temporary Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP). Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 2nd Sess. (1990 Apr 6). Hearing held in Flat River, MO.

Feldmann L. Amid US prosperity, hunger grows: study released today shows 1 in 5 requests for emergency food in 1997 went unfulfilled. Christian Science Monitor 1997 Dec 15:1 (col. 2).

Fersh RJ. Action needed on child hunger. Chicago Defender 1991 Jun 5:12 (col. 1).

Finlay B, editor. The state of America's children yearbook: 1995. Washington (DC): Children's Defense Fund; 1995. 136 p.

Food Assistance in Rural Communities: Problems, Prospects, and Ideas from Urban Programs. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1991 Apr 5). Hearing held in Fort Wayne, IN.

Food banks strategize to meet new challenges. Nutr Week 1992 Feb 5;23(6):6-7.

Food scarcity and malnutrition among our elderly: reasons and remedies. Prairie Rose 1995 Sep-Nov;64(3):12A-13A.

Food shelves 'almost bare' in VT despite donations. Nutr Week 1990 Nov 2;20(43):4-5.

Francis EE, Williams D, Yarandi H. Anemia as an indicator of nutrition in children enrolled in a Head Start program. J Pediatr Health Care 1993 Jul-Aug;7(4):156-60. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8350236&dopt;=Abstract

Frank DA, Roos N, Meyers A, Napoleone M, Peterson K, Cather A, Cupples LA. Seasonal variation in weight-for-age in a pediatric emergency room. Public Health Rep 1996 Jul-Aug;111(4):366-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8711106&dopt;=Abstract

Golden RE, Baranov MS. The impact of the April 1992 civil unrest on the Los Angeles REI WIC program and its participants. Public Health Rep 1994 Sep-Oct;109(5):606-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7938380&dopt;=Abstract

Greer C. Something is robbing our children of their future. Washington Post 1995 Mar 5;Sect. WSP:4 (col. 1).

Grossfeld S. The exhausted earth: wasting away. Boston Globe 1993 Jul 25:36 (col. 5). One in ten Americans is now eating courtesy of government assistance;

Gugliotta G. Hunger and homelessness on the rise, mayors warn. Washington Post 1994 Dec 20;Sect. A:8 (col. 1).

Health Strategies for U.S. Children: Lessons from the Third World. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 Apr 27).

Hearing on Appalachia: Poverty Alleviation Strategies. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1991 Jul 22). Hearing held in Nelsonville, OH.

Hinton AW, Heimindinger J, Foerster SB. Position of the American Dietetic Association: domestic hunger and inadequate access to food. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Oct;90(10):1437-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2212431&dopt;=Abstract

How to end hunger in America. WHY M 1990-91 Fall-Winter:3-9.

Hunger and Nutrition: Challenges to Older Americans' Health. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Human Services of the House Select Comm. on Aging, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 May 21).

Hunger and Poverty Among Single Persons: Is There a Safety Net for Them? Hearing Before the Domestic Task Force of the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 Jun 15).

Hunger and undernutrition in America. Dairy Counc Dig 1992 Mar-Apr;63(2):7-12.

Hunger becomes endemic in Oregon, task force says. Nutr Week 1991 Mar 8;21(10):4-5.

Hunger-Free Communities: A Local Response to a National Problem. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 Apr 2).

Hunger in America. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Technology of the House Comm. on Small Business, 103rd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1994 Dec 21).

Hunger in America: Its Effects on Children and Families, and Implications for the Future. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations, and Nutrition of the House Comm. on Agriculture, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1991 May 8).

Hunger in America: Who Cares? Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 Apr 30).

Hunger: ten million report hunger, even with jobs. Health Lett CDC 1998 Apr 6:8-9.

Innovations, New Directions, and New Convergences in Poverty Alleviation. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess.(1992 May 21).

Jackler R. Lack of funding for hunger bill 'national shame,' lawmaker says. Houston Post 1992 Jun 24;Sect. A:9 (col. 2).

Joy AB, Fujii ML, Garcia L, Lamp C, Sutherlin J, Williamson E. Hunger in California: what interventions are needed? J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Jul;94(7):749-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8021416&dopt;=Abstract

Karp RJ, editor. Malnourished children in the United States: caught in the cycle of poverty. New York: Springer; 1993. 266 p.

Katz JL. Food program faces fight for its own sustenance: with "temporary" operation in second decade, critics push for consolidation of services. Cong Q W Rep 1995 Nov 5;52:3133-5.

Kempster N. U.S. childhood poverty cited as highest of rich nations'. Los Angeles Times 1996 Oct 17;Sect. A:4 (col. 1).

Kersey MA, et al., editors. The prevalence and effects of hunger in an emergency department patient population. Acad Emerg Med 1999 Nov;6(11):1109-14. Comment in: Acad Emerg Med 1999 Nov;6(11):1082-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10569382&dopt;=Abstract

Klein L. We have the responsibility, we are the people: hunger in America. J Enterostomal Ther 1986 Mar-Apr;13(2):39-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3633278&dopt;=Abstract

Koehler BM, et al., editors. Poverty and food in welfare societies. Berlin: Sigma; 1997. 389 p.

Koenen GM. Hunger in America has become routine. St Louis Post-Dispatch 1993 Oct 15;Sect. D:7 (col. 2).

Kong D. Hunger in a land of plenty lamented at food bank ceremony. Boston Globe 1999 Apr 17;Sect A:6 (col. 1).

Kong D. Study reveals rise of hunger. Legal immigrants suffer from cuts. Boston Globe 1998 May 9;Sect. B:1 (col. 6).

Leidenfrost NB. Poverty, food security, hunger, and undernutrition: selected bibliography. [Washington (DC)?]: Cooperative Extension System; [1993]. 18 p.

Leland M. The politics of hunger among Blacks. Black Sch 1990 Jan-Mar;21(1):2-5.

Lewit EM, Kerrebrock N. Childhood hunger. Future Child 1997 Spring;7(1):128-44. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9170740&dopt;=Abstract

Lobosco RM. A commentary on domestic hunger: A problem we can solve. Top Clin Nutr 1994 Mar;9(2):8-12.

Mageean DM, Whitaker WH, Wehler CA. Correlates of children's hunger in a New England rural state. Hum Serv Rural Environ 1994;17(3-4):53-8.

Mangum C. Hunger in New York state. Hum Ecol Forum 1999 Winter;27(1):8-11.

Marshall R. Hunger on the farm. New York Times 1993 Aug 25;Sect. A:15 (col. 6).

Mayer J. Hunger and undernutrition in the United States. J Nutr 1990 Aug;120(8):919-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2199636&dopt;=Abstract

Mayoral survey finds more hunger and homelessness. Nutr Week 1994 Feb 18;24(7):4-5.

Mayors report hunger increasing in cities. Nutr Week 1991 Dec 20;21(50):4-5.

McMurry D. Hunger in rural America: myth or reality? a reexamination of the Harvard Physician Task Force Report on hunger in America using statistical data and field observations. Sociol Spectr 1991 Jan-Mar;11(1):1-18.

McMurry D. The several faces of hunger: a review of the amount and types of information available to the public on domestic hunger, 1967- 1990. Nat J Sociol 1991 Fall;5(2):92-110.

Miller PE. Hunger and food commodities on Montana's seven Indian reservations. J Poverty 1998;2(3):35-51.

Mississippi Revisited : Poverty and Hunger Problems and Prospects. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess. (1991 May 3). Hearing held in Bolton, MS.

Mittal A. Commentary: At home, the safety net is frayed; hunger: welfare reform success is only in the numbers. Los Angeles Times 1998 Nov 30;Sect. B:5 (col. 1). Last in a series.

National survey estimates over five million children suffer from hunger in U.S. Nutr Week 1991 Mar 29;21(13):1-2.

National WIC Evaluation: Reporting and Followup Issues. Joint Hearings Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger and the Senate Comm. on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 101st Cong., 2nd sess. (1990 Jan 24).

Nelson K, Brown ME, Lurie N. Hunger in an adult patient population. JAMA 1998 Apr 15;279(15):1211-4. Published erratum appears in JAMA 1998 Aug 19;280(7):604. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9555762&dopt;=Abstract

Nestle M, Guttmacher S. Hunger in the United States: policy implications. Nutr Rev 1992 Aug;50(8):242-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1407758&dopt;=Abstract

Nestle M, Guttmacher S. Hunger in the United States: rationale, methods, and policy implications of state hunger surveys. J Nutr Educ 1992;24(1 Suppl):18S-22S.

Nord M, Jemison K., Bickel G. Measuring food security in the United States: prevalence of food insecurity and hunger, by state, 1996-1998. Economic Research Service report. Washington (DC): Economic Research Service (US), Food and Rural Economics Division; 1999 Sep. 24 p.

Oberg CN, Bryant NA, Bach ML. A portrait of America's children: the impact of poverty and a call to action. J Soc Distress Homeless 1995 Jan;4(1):43-56.

Ohls JC, Beebout H. The food stamp program: design tradeoffs, policy, and impacts. Washington (DC): Urban Institute Press; 1993. 202 p.

Oleck J. Hungry in America. Restaur Bus 1993 Dec 10;92(18):78-81, 84-6.

One in three poor children in America lives in the South. South Changes 1998 Summer;20(2):5-9.

Pear R. Hungry children put at 5.5 million. New York Times 1991 Mar 27;Sect. A:18 (col. 1).

Persistence of Hunger in Prosperous Communities. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 2nd Sess. (1990 May 30). Hearing held in Beaverton, OR.

Pilkington D. Hunger has a cure. Momentum 1997 Aug-Sep;28(3):36-8.

Poverty and Hunger in Hispanic America: the Inadequacy of Data for Policy Planning. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 100th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1988 Mar 30).

Pryce VK. Stevie Wonder concert for homeless, the needy. Amsterdam (NY) News 1995 Dec 2:19 (col. 1).

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Session I. B. Toward an End to Hunger in America

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Session I. B. 1. Federal, State, and Local Government Efforts

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Joint Resolution to Designate May 25, 1986 as Hands Across America Day for the Purpose of Helping People to Help Themselves, and Commending United Support of Artists for Africa and All Participants for Their Efforts toward Combating Domestic Hunger with a Four Thousand Mile Human Chain from Coast to Coast. Pub. L. No. 99-321 (1986 May 23).

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The Medford Declaration to end hunger in the United States. Nutr Rev 1992 Aug;50(8):240-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1407757&dopt;=Abstract

The National WIC Evaluation: Evaluation of the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children. Am J Clin Nutr 1988 Aug;48(2 Suppl):389-519. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3400623&dopt;=Abstract

United States House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture. Maintaining current efforts in federal nutrition programs to prevent increases in domestic hunger: report together with supplemental views, to accompany H. Con. Res. 40. Washington (DC) : U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Jul 29.

United States House of Representatives, Committee on Education and Labor, Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education. Child nutrition programs: issues for the 103rd Congress. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994 Jan. 233 p. 103rd Congress, 2nd Session. Committe print.

United States House of Representatives, Committee on Government Operations. The rise and fall of USDA food donations to America's hungry: does charity really begin at home? 23rd report. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992. 25 p. (House report; 102-855).

United States House of Representatives, Committee on Rules. Providing for the establishment of a Select Committee on Hunger: report together with minority views to accompany H. Res. 20. Washington (DC) : U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985. 11 p. (House report; 99-12). 99th Congress, 1st Session.

United States House of Representatives, Select Committee on Hunger. Special report on applying United States food surpluses to the problems of hunger. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1984. 54 p. 99th Congress, 1st Session. Committee print.

United States House of Representatives, Select Committee on Hunger. Strategies for expanding the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participation: a survey of WIC directors. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Oct. 37 p. 100th Congress, 2nd Session. Committee print.

United States Senate, Committee on Appropriations. Expressing the sense of the Congress that the federal government should maintain current efforts in federal nutrition programs to prevent increases in domestic hunger, report to accompany S. Con. Res. 6. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Mar 8. 2 p. (Senate report; 98-18). 98th Congress, 1st Session.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Compilation of the National School Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 with Related Provisions of Law and Authorities for Commodities Distribution. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1974 Dec. 39 p. 93rd Congress, 2nd Session.

US House establishes special committee on hunger, thought by some to be strictly political move. Atlanta Journal 1984 Feb 23;Sect. A:5 (col. 1).

USDA study finds wasting of food supply. Wall Street Journal 1997 Jul 2;Sect. A:7B (col. 3).

Velsor-Friedrich B. Women and children first? J Pediatr Nurs 1990 Oct;5(5):354-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2213481&dopt;=Abstract

Wehr E. Congress, administration debate need for more help to fight hunger in America: food policy battles ahead. Cong Q Wkly Rep 1983 May 7;41:881-6.

Wellisch JB, Radzikowski J (System Development Corporation, Santa Monica, CA). The national evaluation of school nutrition programs. Final report. Alexandria (VA): Food and Nutrition Service (US), Office of Analysis and Evaluation; 1983 Apr. 3 vols.

Wells EM. Food Stamp Program. In: Minahan A, editor. Encyclopedia of social work. 18th ed. Silver Spring (MD): National Association of Social Workers; 1987. p. 628-34.

White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health. Final Report. Washington (DC): U.S. Goverment Printing Office; 1970. 341 p.

WIC action: FRAC's guide to expanding and improving WIC. Washington (DC): Food Research and Action Center; [1992]. 87 p.

Woods RM. School foodservice to the rescue. Sch Foodserv Nutr 1998 Mar;52(3):40-5.

Wright J. Ag. Sec. plans forum on feeding the hungry. Afro-American 1993 Jun 12;Sect. A:7 (col. 1).

Youn A. Characteristics of mid-Atlantic food banks and food rescue organizations. Foodrev 1999 Jan-Apr;22(1):45-51.

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Session I. B. 2. Private and Individual Efforts

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21 Students seek to feed the hungry. New York Times 1988 Apr 7;Sect. B:1 (col. 2).

[7 Million people in "Hands Across American" event viewed]. Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 1986 May 27;Sect. A:3 (col. 4).

[American Cablesystems of Illinois waives installment charges in exchange for cans of food for needy...]. Chicago Tribune 1985 Jan 7;Sect. 2:3 (col. 2).

[American Express employees and Navajo Indians among those who gather in Gallup NM to cover one of "toughest miles" in Hands Across American human chain]. Los Angeles Times 1986 May 26;Sect. I[CC]:1 (col. 4).

Amex launches drive to combat hunger. American Banker 1994 Oct 24:13 (col. 1).

Bailey RL. Chefs get cookin' for 'Taste of the Nation' hunger-relief benefit. Detroit News 1994 Mar 17;Sect. S:6 (col. 1).

Berry JM. Consumers and the hunger lobby. Proc Acad Polit Sci 1982;34(3):68-78.

Binns S. Food rescue: how restaurants serve the hungry. Top Clin Nutr 1998 Sep;13(4):46-50.

[Bread for the World org. offers plan to reduce hunger in U.S.]. Amsterdam (NY) News 1984 Sep 8:3 (col. 2).

Byrn A. Chefs unite to fight hunger, homelessness. Atlanta Constitution 1990 Mar 8;Sect. W:1 (col. 2). Taste of the Nation fundraiser.

Campbell JT. Up to us all to do more to end hunger. Houston Chronicle 1997 Feb 24;Sect. A:16 (col. 3).

Card briefs: Amex ending program that fought hunger. American Banker 1997 Jul 14:23 (col. 1). Charge Against Hunger program.

Charge Against Hunger reaches goal of $5M. American Banker 1995 Feb 13:23 (col. 1).

Christner AM, Sterling H. Emergency food provision by nonprofit and religious organizations: a call to study users and nonusers of food pantry services. Knoxville (TN): Society for the Study of Social Problems; 1986. Association paper.

Citizen's guide to food recovery. Rev. ed. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US); 1999 Feb. 70 p.

Conover KA. Prepared food programs spread quickly. Christian Science Monitor 1990 Jun 6:14 (col. 1). Delivering food to persons at risk for hunger.

[Contributions and pledges to Hands Across America total $41 million]. Los Angeles Times 1986 Jul 11;Sect. VI:18 (col. 1).

Cotugna N, Vickery CE. Nurturing social responsibility: nutrition students volunteer in hunger projects. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Mar;92(3):297-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1552127&dopt;=Abstract

Dailey P. Fighting hunger. Chicago Tribune 1995 Mar 22; Sect. 7:7B (col. 1). Taste of the Nation events.

Dieters feed the hungry. Weight Watch 1992 Dec;25(12):54-5.

Dixon J. Advocates ask for program to end US hunger. Boston Globe 1992 Apr 7:3 (col. 1). Coalition of corporate, church and political leaders called for expansion in government food programs.

Entire community has role in anti-hunger efforts. Nutr Week 1993 May 28;23(20):4-5.

Erickson J. Hunger is not about a lack of food. It's about getting food to the hungry [interview]. Health Care Food Nutr Focus 1998 May;14(9):10-11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10181403&dopt;=Abstract

Gardner M. Feeding the hungry in a prosperous society. Christian Science Monitor 1999 Oct 27:13 (col. 4).

Gardner M. Targeting 'Invisible' US Hunger A nationwide food pickup by postal carriers next month is directed at rising need. Christian Science Monitor 1998 Apr 29:1 (col. 5).

Gardner M. 'Writers Harvest'--A literary feast helps feed the hungry. Christian Science Monitor 1996 Nov 14:13 (col. 3).

Habicht JP, Meyers LD. Principles for effective surveys of hunger and malnutrition in the United States. J Nutr 1991 Mar;121(3):403-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1900530&dopt;=Abstract

Hales A. Educating the hospitality industry to respond to the hungry. Agric Hum Values 1994 Fall;11(4):99-102.

["Hands across America" officials estimate 5,442,960 participated]. San Francisco Chronicle 1986 May 30:35 (col. 1).

Hansen J. Savannah spoons up TLC for this unique soup line. Atlanta Journal Constitution 1992 Jul 11;Sect. B:1 (col. 1). Kids Kitchen, a soup kitchen for children, located in Savannah, GA.

Hayden G. Agencies fight hunger with 7th annual march. Chicago Defender 1992 Jun 22:8 (col. 1).

Hinton AW, Rausa A, Lingafelter T, Lingafelter R. Partners for improved nutrition and health--an innovative collaborative project. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):67S-79S.

Hoyle JC. Gardeners sow an extra row to feed the needy. Christian Science Monitor 1999 May 12:19 (col. 1).

Increasing need, corporate tax breaks spur growth for food bank network. Nutr Week 1992 Mar 13;22(11):1-2.

[Jazz community plans series of recording projects to be called Jazz to End Hunger, aimed at the hungry in US]. Los Angeles Times 1986 Jul 12;Sect. V:5 (col. 1).

[Kenny Rogers asks concertgoers to donate canned food for hungry]. Chicago Tribune 1984 May 10;Sect. 5:9 (col. 1).

Kleine T. Crop of apple pickers fights hunger. Chicago Tribune 1998 Sep 14;Sect. 2L:1 (col. 2). Harvest for the Hungry campaign.

Kreck D. Share our strength takes charge in battle against hunger. Denver Post 1993 Nov 10;Sect. B:1 (col. 1).

Landis D. USA will savor the taste of charity. USA Today 1990 Mar 27;Sect. D:1 (col. 5). Third annual Taste of the Nation.

Landrum AC. Operation Blessing comes to Cleveland. Call & Post (Cleveland) 1994 Aug 11;Sect. C:3 (col. 1).

Legless Vietnam veteran Bob Wieland completes his 2, 784-mile Walk for Hunger across the US with a welcome in Washington DC from President Reagan. Atlanta Constitution 1986 May 15;Sect. A:1 (col. 2).

Levine H. Sharing the bounty: hunger relief programs. Restaur Bus 1990 Feb 10;89(3):103-4.

Lipsky M, Thibodeau MA. Feeding the hungry with surplus commodities. Polit Sci Q 1988 Summer;103:223-44.

Local steps make "Hunger free" a viable goal. Nutr Week 1993 May 7;23(17):6.

Loddeke L. Leland opens pilot program for 40,000 hungry families. Houston Post 1989 Apr 25;Sect. A:15 (col. 1). Target Hunger program.

M L King Week panel turns its agenda toward hunger and poverty in US. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1985 Jan 13;Sect. B:6 (col. 1).

Magnus MH, Hales A, Eyster J. Weekend meals for the homeless. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):78C.

Martindale M. Hiker stumps, like Gump, across U.S. Detroit News 1995 Jun 2;Sect. D:3 (col. 1). Hike by Don March.

Mather R. Feast for famine: how it works. Detroit News 1993 Apr 27;Sect. C:1 (col. 1). Detroit Taste of the Nation event.

Mayell M. Food banks: warehouses for the hungry. Nutr Action 1980;7(6):6-7, 11.

Maz V. How to help the hungry & homeless. J Christ Nurs 1988 Fall;5(4):10-5.

Millions of Americans are set to join hands from coast to coast for Hands Across America extravaganza, raising money for America's hungry. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1986 May 25;Sect. A:1 (col. 5).

Mirasola S. Building healthy communities... to help stop hunger. Mich Health Hosp 1998 Sep-Oct;34(5):38. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10185217&dopt;=Abstract

Moon D. Manna from music feeds the needy when stars sing. Christian Science Monitor 1998 Mar 4:1 (col. 1).

More than 1, 600 people walk to fight hunger in Second Annual Metro Atlanta Hunger Walk. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1985 Oct 24;Sect. E:6 (col. 4).

[Musicians band together for fundraising project as New Orleans Artists Against Hunger and Homelessness...]. Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1985 Jul 28;Sect. A:2 (col. 1).

National Restaurant Association. A foodservice operator's guide to food assistance programs. Washington (DC): The Association; [1987]. 11 p. (Current issues report).

New hunger initiatives spring up on both coasts. Nutr Week 1989 Dec 21;19(50):4-5.

[News in brief--"Hands across America" collects over $34 million]. Christian Science Monitor 1986 Jun 13:2 (col. 3).

O'Hara M. Emergency food providers in Southern Illinois [masters thesis]. Carbondale (IL): Southern Illinois University; 1987 Dec. 139 p. Available from: ERIC Document Reproduction Service, Springfield, VA; ED317335.

Parsons CS. A fresh take on food-donor programs; two USC educators help cities across the U.S. find and distribute fruits and veggies, not just canned goods. Los Angeles Times 1997 Nov 26;Sect. E:1 (col. 1).

Private Sector Initiatives to Feed America's Poor. Hearing Before the Senate Comm. on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 98th Cong., 1st Sess. (1983 Sep 14).

Prochazka L. The changing face of hunger. McLaren Health Care Corporation feeds those in need. Mich Health Hosp 1996 Jan-Feb;32(1):28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10153831&dopt;=Abstract

Pryce VK. Stevie Wonder leads charge against hunger in Brooklyn. Amsterdam (NY) News 1993 Dec 4:23 (col. 1).

Reinvesting in America: New Ideas from Around the Country for Fighting Hunger and Poverty. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 Sep 24).

Religious leaders push Bush on hunger issue. Chicago Defender 1989 Feb 8:9 (col. 1).

Ryan SC. Millions raised to fight hunger. Boston Globe 1999 May 3;Sect B:3 (col. 1). Walk for Hunger.

Samuel Y. Giveaway helps fight hunger in St. Louis area. St Louis Post-Dispatch 1996 Nov 19;Sect. C:1 (col. 1). The "Feed All America's Children Today" program.

Schechter M. Acting against hunger. An update on associations' efforts to wipe out hunger. Food Manage 1995 Feb;30(2):107-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10140247&dopt;=Abstract

Scouts' food drive nets 1.8 million cans. St Louis Post-Dispatch 1996 Nov 17;Sect. C:13 (col. 3). Boy Scouts and Cub Scouts collected food.

Segal SP, Baumohl J. The community living room. Soc Casework 1985 Feb;66(2):111-6.

Smit J, Ratta A. Urban agriculture can reduce hunger, poverty. Nutr Week 1993 May 21;23(19):4-5.

Smith RL. In Abenaki spirit: food -- and support: tribe is serving Franklin's neediest. Boston Globe 1998 Jan 4;Sect. WKW:1 (col. 5).

Snapp M. Getting involved for the needy: an easy matter for members. Sch Foodserv J 1986 May;40(4):70. Operation AAPLES.

Snodgrass TW, Marchbank G. Volunteer citizens program to combat hunger and malnutrition among low-income families. Final report. Jefferson City (MO): Missouri Association for Social Welfare; 1973 May 31. 35 p. Volunteers Against Hunger. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB-236 336/4/XAB.

Snow C. Chefs team up to beat hunger. Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 1993 Mar 26;Sect. LAG:28 (col. 1). Taste of the Nation festival.

Snowman MK, Crockett EG. Caring for the homeless, hungry, and homebound. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):78B.

Soup kitchen operator William Land of Belleville IL goes broke after feeding the needy since 1983. Atlanta Constitution 1986 Dec 18;Sect. A:60 (col. 1).

Stroup S. Waging war on hunger. Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 1997 Jul 6;Sect. B: 1 (col. 1). Matching dollars campaign by E.J. Ourso.

Students from 1, 000 colleges organized by Campus group Public Interest Research Group will fight hunger. Atlanta Constitution 1995 Sep 17;Sect. A:6 (col. 1).

United States House, Select Committee on Hunger. Self-help programs: innovative options for achieving self-sufficiency. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Oct. 23 p. 100th Congress, 2nd Session. Committee print.

Vigoda A. U.S. chefs prep to cook for charity. USA Today 1991 Apr 2;Sect. D:1 (col. 2). Fourth annual Taste of the Nation fund-raiser.

Volland V. Boy Scouts collect food for needy. St Louis Post-Dispatch 1990 Nov 18;Sect. D:1 (col. 2).

Weinraub J. A `Food Recovery' summit: where to go from here. Washington Post 1997 Sep 24;Sect. E:1 (col. 5). Meeting title: Food Recovery and Gleaning -- A Call to Action.

Wood J. Eating for hunger. San Francisco Chronicle 1990 Mar 25;Sect. IMA:26 (col. 1). Taste of the Nation benefit.

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Session I. C. Internet Sites on Hunger in America

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America's Second Harvest: ending hunger [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): America's Second Harvest; [cited 2000 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.secondharvest.org/

Bread for the World [homepage on the Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): Bread for the World; c1999 [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.bread.org/

Center on Hunger and Poverty [homepage on the Internet]. Medford (MA): Tufts University, School of Nutrition, Science, and Policy, Center on Hunger and Poverty; [updated 2000 Feb 11; cited 2000 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.tufts.edu/nutrition/centeronhunger/index.html

Citizen's guide to food recovery [monograph on the Internet]. Rev. ed. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US); 1999 Feb. 70 p. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/menu/gleaning/SUPPORT/CitzGuide/foodrec.pdf

Congressional Hunger Center [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Center; c1999 [cited 2000 Apr 23]. Available from: http://www.hungercenter.org/index.html

Economic Research Service: ERS [homepage on the Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Domestic food security and hunger briefing room. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/FoodSecurity/

Economic Research Service: ERS [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated every weekday; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/

Economic Research Service: ERS [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated 2000 Apr 5; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/foodasst/

FNS online: Food and Nutrition Service [homepage on the Internet]. [Alexandria (VA)]: Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated 2000 Apr 4; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Food and Nutrition Information Center [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): Department of Agriculture (US), National Agricultural Library, The Center; [modified 2000 Apr 12; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

FRAC: Food Research and Action Center [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Center; [modified 2000 Mar 14; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.frac.org/index.html

Hunger Notes [serial on the Internet]. Washington (DC): World Hunger Education Service; [updated 2000 Jan 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Quarterly. Features a department on the United States. Available from: http://www.worldhunger.org/

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [database on the Internet]. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); [updated 2000 Mar 16; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm

Share our Strength [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Share our Strength; c2000 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. Sponsors Taste of the Nation. Available from: http://www.strength.org/

USDA National Hunger Clearinghouse [homepage on the Internet]. New York: World Hunger Year, The Clearinghouse; [modified 2000 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 24]. The USDA National Hunger Clearinghouse is made possible by a contract administered by the Food and Nutrition Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. Available from: http://www.worldhungeryear.org/nhc/

World Hunger Year [homepage on the Internet]. New York: World Hunger Year, Inc. (WHY); [modified 2000 Apr 18; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.worldhungeryear.org/

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Session II. Hunger, Nutrition, and Health: The Expanding Nutrition Assistance Agenda

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Session II. A. Food Security as the Foundation of a Healthy Lifestyle

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Session II. A. 1. Measurement of Hunger and Food Security

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Andrews M. Household food security in the United States in 1995: results from the Food Security Measurement project. Fam Econ Nutrition Rev 1998;11(1-2):17-28.

Beto JA, Sheth G, Rewers P. Assessing food purchase behavior among low-income black and Hispanic clients using a self-reported shelf inventory. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jan;97(1):69-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8990422&dopt;=Abstract

Bettin K, Anderson JV. Designing a client-administered food frequency questionnaire. J Am Diet Assoc 1996 May;96(5):505-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8621878&dopt;=Abstract

Bickel G, Andrews M, Carlson S. The magnitude of hunger: in a new national measure of food security. Top Clin Nutr 1998 Sep;13(4):15-30.

Blaum CS, O'Neill EF, Clements KM, Fries BE, Fiatarone MA. Validity of the minimum data set for assessing nutritional status in nursing home residents. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Oct;66(4):787-94. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9322551&dopt;=Abstract

Blumberg SJ, Bialostosky K, Hamilton WL, Briefel RR. The effectiveness of a short form of the Household Food Security Scale. Am J Public Health 1999 Aug;89(8):1231-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10432912&dopt;=Abstract

Briefel RR, Woteki CE. Development of food sufficiency questions for the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):24S-28S.

Brunt AR, Schafer E, Oakland MJ. Anthropometric measures of rural, elderly, community-dwelling women and the ability of the DETERMINE checklist to predict these measures. J Nutr Elder 1999;18(4):15-36.

Carlson SJ, Andrews MS, Bickel GW. Measuring food insecurity and hunger in the United States: development of a national benchmark measure and prevalence estimates. J Nutr 1999 Feb;129(2S Suppl):510S-516S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10064320&dopt;=Abstract

[Commission on Hunger in New England offers study results that differ sharply from those of government survey of hunger]. Los Angeles Times 1984 Feb 7;Sect. I[H]:2 (col. 1).

Cook RA, Davis SB, Radke FH, Thornbury ME. Nutritional status of Head Start and nursery school children. I. Food intake and anthropometric measurements. J Am Diet Assoc 1976 Feb;68(2):120-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1245711&dopt;=Abstract

Dailey DZ. A measure of hunger. Hum Ecol Forum 1996 Fall;24(4):4-7.

DeRose L, Messer E, Millman S. Who's hungry? And how do we know? Food shortage, poverty, and deprivation. New York: United Nations University; 1998. 216 p.

Dodds JM, Melnik TA. Development of the New York State Nutrition Surveillance Program. Public Health Rep 1993 Mar-Apr;108(2):230-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8464981&dopt;=Abstract

Eisinger P. Toward a national hunger count. Soc Serv Rev 1996 Jun;70(2):214-34.

Elmore MF, Wagner DR, Knoll DM, Eizember L, Oswalt MA, Glowinski EA, Rapp PA. Developing an effective adult nutrition screening tool for a community hospital. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Oct;94(10):1113-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7930315&dopt;=Abstract

Food pantry clients in Peoria, Illinois. Nutr Week 1989 Apr 27;19(17):4-5.

Food Security and Methods of Assessing Hunger in the United States. Hearing Before the House Select Comm. on Hunger, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989 Mar 23).

Forbes AL. Monitoring the nutritional status of North Americans. Food Technol 1981 Sep;35(9):110-4.

Forbes AL, Stephenson MG. National Nutrition Monitoring System: implications for public health policy at FDA. J Am Diet Assoc 1984 Oct;84(10):1189-93. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6481041&dopt;=Abstract

Friedman BJ, Hurd-Crixell SL, Ferris B. Texas school menu compliance with US Dietary Guidelines for Americans. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Nov;98(11):1325-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9813590&dopt;=Abstract 9813590

Frongillo EA Jr. Validation of measures of food insecurity and hunger. J Nutr 1999 Feb;129(2S Suppl):506S-509S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10064319&dopt;=Abstract

Frongillo EA Jr, Rauschenbach BS, Olson CM, Kendall A, Colmenares AG. Questionnaire-based measures are valid for the identification of rural households with hunger and food insecurity. J Nutr 1997 May;127(5):699-705. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9164989&dopt;=Abstract 9164989

Galer-Unti RA. Food assistance policy in the United States: a meta-analysis of selected hunger surveys,1981-1989 [dissertation]. Urbana (IL): University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 1993. 316 p. Available from Bell & Howell Information and Learning, Ann Arbor, MI; DA9329033.

Gariballa SE, Sinclair AJ. Diagnosing undernutrition in elderly people. Rev Clin Gerontol 1997 Nov;7(4):367-71.

Gelberg L, Stein JA, Neumann CG. Determinants of undernutrition among homeless adults. Public Health Rep 1995 Jul-Aug;110(4):448-54. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7638332&dopt;=Abstract

Gilbride JA, Amella EJ, Breines EB, Mariano C, Mezey M. Nutrition and health for older Americans. Nutrition and health status assessment of community-residing elderly in New York City: a pilot study. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 May;98(5):554-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9597028&dopt;=Abstract

Girshick LB, Williamson JB. The politics of measuring poverty among the elderly. Policy Stud J 1982 Mar;10(3):483-99.

Grindel CG, Costello MC. Nutrition screening: an essential assessment parameter. Medsurg Nurs 1996 Jun;5(3):145-56. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8716579&dopt;=Abstract

Habicht JP, Meyers LD. Principles for effective surveys of hunger and malnutrition in the United States. J Nutr 1991 Mar;121(3):403-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1900530&dopt;=Abstract

Hamelin AM, Habicht JP, Beaudry M. Food insecurity: consequences for the household and broader social implications. J Nutr 1999 Feb;129(2S Suppl):525S-528S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10064323&dopt;=Abstract

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Session II. A. 2. Food Security: The Concept and Health Aspects

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Session II. B. Strategies to Harness Nutrition Assistance for a Healthy, Productive Society : Putting Nutrition into Nutrition Assistance

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Pateman BC, McKinney P, Kann L, Small ML, Warren CW, Collins JL. School food service. J Sch Health 1995 Oct;65(8):327-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8558861&dopt;=Abstract

Perry CL, Bishop DB, Taylor G, Murray DM, Mays RW, Dudovitz BS, Smyth M, Story M. Changing fruit and vegetable consumption among children: the 5-a-Day Power Plus program in St. Paul, Minnesota. Am J Public Health 1998 Apr;88(4):603-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9551002&dopt;=Abstract

Position of the American Dietetic Association: nutrition standards for child care programs. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Mar;94(3):323. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8120303&dopt;=Abstract

Rada EL. Medicating the food stamp program. Am J Public Health 1974 May;64(5):477-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4594292&dopt;=Abstract

Roepke R. Innovations in school foodservice to promote nutrition education. J Am Diet Assoc 1978 Oct;73(4):425-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=701676&dopt;=Abstract

Rose D, Oliveira V. Validation of a self-reported measure of household food insufficiency with nutrient intake data. Washington (DC): Economic Research Service (US), Food and Consumer Economics Division; 1997 Aug. 18 p. (Technical bulletin).

Rose JA, Cohen NL, Laliberte CL. The role of a food bank in serving the nutrition education needs of food assistance programs. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Jul;90(7):988-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2365941&dopt;=Abstract

Rusness BA. Striving for empowerment through nutrition education. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Jan;93(1):78-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8417100&dopt;=Abstract

Scheider WL. Fighting hunger and poverty: a strategy for nutrition educators. J Nutr Educ 1992 Jan-Feb;24(1 Suppl):84S-85S.

The school nutrition dietary assessment study. Am J Clin Nutr 1995 Jan;61(1 Suppl):173S-257S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7832162&dopt;=Abstract

Scrimshaw NS. The new paradigm of public health nutrition. Am J Public Health 1995 May;85(5):622-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7733419&dopt;=Abstract

Sexauer B. Food programs and nutritional intake: what evidence. Agric Food Policy Rev 1998 Sep;(2):39-43.

Shannon B, Graves K, Hart M. Food behavior of elementary school students after receiving nutrition education. J Am Diet Assoc 1982 Oct;81(4):428-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7119322&dopt;=Abstract

Snyder P, Anliker J, Cunningham-Sabo L, Dixon LB, Altaha J, Chamberlain A, Davis S, Evans M, Hurley J, Weber JL. The Pathways study: a model for lowering the fat in school meals. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):810S-815S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195607&dopt;=Abstract

Stewart PL, Brochetti D, Cox RH, Clarke MP. Low-income elderly adults' needs and preferences for nutrition education. J Nutr Elder 1998;18(2):1-20.

Storer JH, Frate DA. Hunger, poverty, and malnutrition in rural Mississippi: developing culturally sensitive nutritional interventions. Hum Serv Rural Environ 1990 Summer;14(1):25-30.

Tippett KS. Food and nutrient intakes of low-income women and children, in metro/nonmetro areas, 1985/86. Family Econ Nutr Rev 1990;3(1):12-5.

United States Senate, Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Hunger and the reform of welfare; a question of nutritional adequacy. Washington (DC) : U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972. 74 p. 92nd Congress, 2nd Session. Committee print.

Watkin DM. The nutrition program for older Americans. A successful application of current knowledge in nutrition and gerontology. World Rev Nutr Diet 1977;(26):26-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=324144&dopt;=Abstract

Wechsler H, Basch CE, Zybert P, Shea S. Promoting the selection of low-fat milk in elementary school cafeterias in an inner-city Latino community: evaluation of an intervention. Am J Public Health 1998 Mar;88(3):427-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9518975&dopt;=Abstract

Whatley JE, Donnelly JE, Jacobsen DJ, Hill JO, Carlson MK. Energy and macronutrient consumption of elementary school children served modified lower fat and sodium lunches or standard higher fat and sodium lunches. J Am Coll Nutr 1996 Dec;15(6):602-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8951738&dopt;=Abstract

Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Finch AJ, Psaty BM. An environmental intervention to reduce dietary fat in school lunches. Pediatrics 1993 Jun;91(6):1107-11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8502510&dopt;=Abstract

Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Koepsell TD, Finch AJ, Psaty BM. Characteristics of children selecting low-fat foods in an elementary school lunch program. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994 Oct;148(10):1085-91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7921101&dopt;=Abstract

Whitfield RA. A nutritional analysis of the Food Stamp Program. Am J Public Health 1982 Aug;72(8):793-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7091474&dopt;=Abstract

Wiecha JL, Palombo R. Multiple program participation: comparison of nutrition and food assistance program benefits with food costs in Boston, Massachusetts. Am J Public Health 1989 May;79(5):591-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2705593&dopt;=Abstract

Williams CL, Squillace MM, Bollella MC, Brotanek J, Campanaro L, D'Agostino C, Pfau J, Sprance L, Strobino BA, Spark A, Boccio L. Healthy Start: a comprehensive health education program for preschool children. Prev Med 1998 Mar-Apr;27(2):216-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9578999&dopt;=Abstract

Worobey HS, Worobey J. Efficacy of a preschool breakfast program in reducing refined sugar intake. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1999 Nov;50(6):391-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10719579&dopt;=Abstract

Wray JD. Child health interventions in urban slums: are we neglecting the importance of nutrition? Health Policy Plan 1986 Dec;1(4):299-308. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10282123&dopt;=Abstract

Zee P, DeLeon M, Roberson P, Chen CH. Nutritional improvement of poor urban preschool children. A 1983-1977 comparison. JAMA 1985 Jun 14;253(22):3269-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3999312&dopt;=Abstract

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Session II. C. Internet Sites on Food Security

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Center on Hunger and Poverty [homepage on the Internet]. Medford (MA): Tufts University, School of Nutrition, Science, and Policy; [updated 2000 Feb 11; cited 2000 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.tufts.edu/nutrition/centeronhunger/index.html

Children's nutrition and learning. In: ERIC digests [database on the Internet]. Urbana (IL): Department of Education (US), ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education; 1994 Jun [cited 2000 Apr 25]. 3 p. Available from: http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed369579.html. Also available from ERIC Document Reproduction Service, Springfield, VA; ED369579.

Community Food Security Coalition [homepage on the Internet]. Venice (CA): The Coalition; [updated 1999 Jan 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.foodsecurity.org/

Economic Research Service: ERS [homepage on the Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Domestic food security and hunger briefing room. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefing/FoodSecurity/

Economic Research Service: ERS [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated every weekday; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/

FNS online: Food and Nutrition Service [homepage on the Internet]. [Alexandria (VA)]: Department of Agriculture (US), The Service; [updated 2000 Apr 4; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Food and Nutrition Information Center [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): Department of Agriculture (US), National Agricultural Library, The Center; [modified 2000 Apr 12; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

Hamilton WL, et al. (Abt Associates). Household food security in the United States in 1995: executive summary [monograph on the Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Consumer Service; 1997 Sep. 11 p. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/oane/MENU/Published/fsp/files/summary.pdf

Hamilton WL, et al. (Abt Associates). Household food security in the United States in 1995: summary report of the food security measurement project [monograph on the Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Consumer Service; 1997 Sep. 104 p. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/oane/MENU/Published/fsp/files/sumrpt.pdf

Hamilton WL, et al. (Abt Associates). Household food security in the United States in 1995: technical report of the food security measurement project [monograph on the Internet]. Alexandria (VA): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Consumer Service; 1997 Sep. 110 p. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/oane/MENU/Published/fsp/files/tech_rpt.pdf

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [database on the Internet]. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); [updated 2000 Mar 16; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm

Nord M, Jemison K, Bickel G. Prevalence of food insecurity and hunger, by state, 1996-1998 [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US), Economic Research Service, Food and Rural Economics Division; 1999 Sep [cited 2000 Apr 25]. 20 p. (Food assistance and nutrition research report; 2). Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/epubs/pdf/fanrr2/fanrr2.pdf

Suwannee River Area Health Education Center [homepage on the Internet]. Alachua (FL): The Center; [updated 2000 Mar 17; cited 2000 Apr 24]. EATT 2000: Everyone at the Table; [17 screens]. Announcement and registration for symposium June 21-23, 2000. Available from: http://srahec.org/ce/brochures/7.htm

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Session III. Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for Infants, Children and Adolescents

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Session III. A. Nutrition and the Low Birth Weight Infant

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Adamkin DH. Issues in the nutritional support of the ventilated baby. Clin Perinatol 1998 Mar;25(1):79-96. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9523076&dopt;=Abstract

Adamkin DH. Nutrition in very very low birth weight infants. Clin Perinatol 1986 Jun;13(2):419-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3087675&dopt;=Abstract

Aggett P, Bresson JL, Hernell O, Koletzko B, Lafeber H, Michaelson KF, Micheli JL, Ormisson A, de Sousa JS, Weaver L. Comment on the vitamin E content in infant formulas, follow-on formulas, and formulas for low birth weight infants. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1998 Mar;26(3):351-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9523874&dopt;=Abstract

Aggett PJ, Stack T, Preston T, Reeds P, Whitley J, Lloyd DJ. Trace element metabolism in preterm neonates. In: Schaub J, editor. Composition and physiological properties of human milk: proceedings of the International Workshop on the Composition and Physiological Properties of Human Milk; 1985 May 29-Jun 1; Kiel, Germany. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers; 1985. p. 143-9.

Agradi E, Galli C. Requirement and role of essential fatty acids during brain development. Beitr Infusionther Klin Ernahr 1988;19:128-39. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3279944&dopt;=Abstract

Akintorin SM, Kamat M, Pildes RS, Kling P, Andes S, Hill J, Pyati S. A prospective randomized trial of feeding methods in very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics 1997 Oct;100(4):E4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9310537&dopt;=Abstract

Alemi B, Hamosh M, Scanlon JW, Salzman-Mann C, Hamosh P. Fat digestion in very low-birth-weight infants: effect of addition of human milk to low-birth-weight formula. Pediatrics 1981 Oct;68(4):484-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7322681&dopt;=Abstract

American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Nutritional needs of low-birth-weight infants. Pediatrics 1977 Oct;60(4):519-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=333369&dopt;=Abstract

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition: Nutritional needs of low-birth-weight infants. Pediatrics 1985 May;75(5):976-86. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3921937&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson DM. Nutrition care for the premature infant. Top Clin Nutr 1987 Jan;2:1.

Anderson GH, Bryan MH. Is the premature infant's own mother's milk best? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1982;1(2):157-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6892250&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson JW, Johnstone BM, Remley DT. Breast-feeding and cognitive development: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Oct;70(4):525-35. Comment in: Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Oct;70(4):433-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10500022&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson SA, Chinn HI, Fisher KD. History and current status of infant formulas. Am J Clin Nutr 1982 Feb;35(2):381-97. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7039294&dopt;=Abstract

Aperia A, Broberger O, Zetterstrom R. Implications of limitation of renal function for the nutrition of low birthweight infants. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1982;296:49-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6961742&dopt;=Abstract

Armand M, Hamosh M, Mehta NR, Angelus PA, Philpott JR, Henderson TR, Dwyer NK, Lairon D, Hamosh P. Effect of human milk or formula on gastric function and fat digestion in the premature infant. Pediatr Res 1996 Sep;40(3):429-37. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8865280&dopt;=Abstract

Arnold LD. Human milk for premature infants: an important health issue. J Hum Lact 1993 Jun;9(2):121-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8251075&dopt;=Abstract

Atkinson SA. Calcium and phosphorus needs of premature infants. Nutrition 1994 Jan-Feb;10(1):66-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8199427&dopt;=Abstract

Atkinson SA. Calcium and phosphorus requirements of low birth weight infants: a nutritional and endocrinological perspective. Nutr Rev 1983 Mar;41(3):69-78. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6405330&dopt;=Abstract

Atkinson SA. Calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D needs of low birthweight infants on various feedings. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1989;351:104-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2514554&dopt;=Abstract

Atkinson SA, Bryan MH, Anderson GH. Human milk feeding in premature infants: Protein, fat, and carbohydrate balances in the first two weeks of life. J Pediatr 1981 Oct;99(4):617-24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7277107&dopt;=Abstract

Atkinson SA, Radde IC, Anderson GH. Macromineral balances in premature infants fed their own mothers' milk or formula. J Pediatr 1983 Jan;102(1):99-106. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6848738&dopt;=Abstract

Aynsley-Green A. Glucose: a fuel for thought! J Paediatr Child Health 1991 Feb;27(1):21-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1828360&dopt;=Abstract

Barclay SM, Lloyd DJ, Duffty P, Aggett PJ. Iron supplements for preterm or low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child 1989 Nov;64(11):1621-2. Comment in: Arch Dis Child 1990 May;65(5):559. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2604422&dopt;=Abstract

Barness LA. Feeding the low-birth-weight infant. In: Bond JT, editor. Infant and child feeding. New York: Academic Press; 1981. p. 239-48.

Barness LA. Nutrition for the low birth weight infant. Clin Perinatol 1975 Sep;2(2):345-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1102226&dopt;=Abstract

Battaglia FC, Thureen PJ. Nutrition of the fetus and premature infant. Nutrition 1997 Oct;13(10):903-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9357029&dopt;=Abstract

Bayes R, Campoy C, Molina-Font JA. Some current controversies on nutritional requirements of full-term and pre-term newborn infants. Early Hum Dev 1998 Dec;53 Suppl:S3-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10102650&dopt;=Abstract

Bell EF. Diet and body composition of preterm infants. Acta Paediatr Suppl 1994 Dec;405:25-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7734787&dopt;=Abstract

Bell EF, Filer LJ Jr. The role of vitamin E in the nutrition of premature infants. Am J Clin Nutr 1981 Mar;34(3):414-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6782856&dopt;=Abstract

Bell EF, Oh W. Fluid and electrolyte balance in very low birth weight infants. Clin Perinatol 1979 Mar;6(1):139-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=383360&dopt;=Abstract

Belton NR, Thistlethwaite D, Wilkinson EM, Maxwell S, Elton RA. A growth, developmental and nutritional study of low birthweight infants. Health Bull (Edinb) 1986 Jul;44(4):239-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3744821&dopt;=Abstract

Benda GI. Modes of feeding low-birth-weight infants. Semin Perinatol 1979 Oct;3(4):407-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=120007&dopt;=Abstract

Berseth CL. Effect of early feeding on maturation of the preterm infant's small intestine. J Pediatr 1992 Jun;120(6):947-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1593357&dopt;=Abstract

Berseth CL. Gastrointestinal motility in the neonate. Clin Perinatol 1996 Jun;23(2):179-90. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8780900&dopt;=Abstract

Bhatia J, Fomon SJ. Formulas for premature infants: fate of the calcium and phosphorus. Pediatrics 1983 Jul;72(1):37-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6408594&dopt;=Abstract

Bhatia J, Rassin DK. Human milk supplementation. Delivery of energy, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, and zinc. Am J Dis Child 1988 Apr;142(4):445-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3348189&dopt;=Abstract

Bier JB, Ferguson A, Anderson L, Solomon E, Voltas C, Oh W, Vohr BR. Breast-feeding of very low birth weight infants. J Pediatr 1993 Nov;123(5):773-8. Comment in: J Pediatr 1994 Jul;125(1):171-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8229489&dopt;=Abstract

Birch E, Birch D, Hoffman D, Hale L, Everett M, Uauy R. Breast-feeding and optimal visual development. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1993 Jan-Feb;30(1):33-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8455123&dopt;=Abstract

Birkbeck JA. Nutritional supplements for low birth weight infants. N Z Med J 1984 Jul 25;97(760):489-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6591004&dopt;=Abstract

Bishop NJ. Feeding the preterm infant. Pediatr Nephrol 1994 Aug;8(4):494-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7947047&dopt;=Abstract

Bolton CH, Leaf AA, Downs LG. Antioxidant defences and lipid peroxidation in preterm infants. Biochem Soc Trans 1997 Aug;25(3):522S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9388738&dopt;=Abstract

Booth IW. Parenteral nutrition: an update. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992 Dec;46 Suppl 4:S15-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1286644&dopt;=Abstract

Borum PR. Medium-chain triglycerides in formula for preterm neonates: implications for hepatic and extrahepatic metabolism. J Pediatr 1992 Apr;120(4 Pt 2):S139-45. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1560325&dopt;=Abstract

Borum PR, Bennett SG. Carnitine as an essential nutrient. J Am Coll Nutr 1986;5(2):177-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3088084&dopt;=Abstract

Brady MS, Rickard KA, Ernst JA, Schreiner RL, Lemons JA. Formulas and human milk for premature infants: a review and update. J Am Diet Assoc 1982 Nov;81(5):547-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6752249&dopt;=Abstract

Bremer HJ, Wharton BA. Nutrition and feeding of preterm infants. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1987. 238 p.

Brooke OG. Energy requirements and utilization of the low birthweight infant. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1982;296:67-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6961749&dopt;=Abstract

Brooke OG. Low birth weight babies. Nutrition and feeding. Br J Hosp Med 1982 Nov;28(5):462-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7171896&dopt;=Abstract

Brooke OG. Nutrition in the preterm infant. Lancet 1983 Mar 5;1(8323):514-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6131220&dopt;=Abstract

Brooke OG. Nutritional requirements of low and very low birthweight infants. Annu Rev Nutr 1987;7:91-116. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3300748&dopt;=Abstract

Byrne B, Hull D. Breast milk for preterm infants. Prof Care Mother Child 1996;6(2):39, 42-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8704416&dopt;=Abstract

Calcium absorption and the calcium/phosphate ratio in the preterm infant. Nutr Rev 1984 Jul;42(7):243-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6382071&dopt;=Abstract

Carlson SE, Barness LA. Protein and energy requirements of term and preterm infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1983;2 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S81-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6644481&dopt;=Abstract

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Vitamin E status of premature infants. Nutr Rev 1986 May;44(5):166-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3523317&dopt;=Abstract

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Session III. B. Breast Feeding Promotion

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AAP issues policy statement on the transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Am Fam Physician 1994 May 1;49(6):1527-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8172045&dopt;=Abstract

Academy endorses the 10 steps and criteria of the breast-feeding health initiative. Am Fam Physician 1994 Aug;50(2):457-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8042577&dopt;=Abstract

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Allen LH, Pelto GH. Research on determinants of breastfeeding duration: suggestions for biocultural studies. Med Anthropol 1985 Spring;9(2):97-105. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3836324&dopt;=Abstract

Allyn P. Health department steps toward a baby-friendly community. J Hum Lact 1996 Dec;12(4):340. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9025453&dopt;=Abstract

Alvarado MR, Atalah SE, Diaz FS, Rivero VS, Labbe DM, Escudero PY. Evaluation of a breastfeeding-support programme with health promoters' participation. Food Nutr Bull 1996;17(1):49-53.

American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Nutrition and lactation. Pediatrics 1981 Sep;68(3):435-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7279478&dopt;=Abstract

American Academy of Pediatrics. Nutrition Committee of the Canadian Paediatric Society and the Committee on Nutrition of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Breast-feeding. A commentary in celebration of the International Year of the Child, 1979. Pediatrics 1978 Oct;62(4):591-601. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=362368&dopt;=Abstract

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Barasi ME. Human nutrition: a health perspective. New York: Oxford University Press; 1997. 328 p.

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Barnett E, Sienkiewicz M, Roholt S. Beliefs about breastfeeding: a statewide survey of health professionals. Birth 1995 Mar;22(1):15-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7741946&dopt;=Abstract

Bates AS, Fitzgerald JF, Wolinsky FD. The Parent Health Belief Scales: replication in an urban clinic population. Med Care 1994 Sep;32(9):958-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8090047&dopt;=Abstract

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Bell KK, Rawlings NL. Promoting breast-feeding by managing common lactation problems. Nurse Pract 1998 Jun;23(6):102-4, 106, 109-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9656261&dopt;=Abstract

Bergh AM. The role of a nongovernmental organization in breastfeeding education. J Nutr Educ 1987 Jun;19(3):117-21.

Bevan ML, Mosley D, Lobach KS, Solimano GR. Factors influencing breast feeding in an urban WIC program. J Am Diet Assoc 1984 May;84(5):563-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6715754&dopt;=Abstract

Biancuzzo M. Breastfeeding the newborn: clinical strategies for nurses. St. Louis (MO): Mosby; 1999. 464 p.

Black RF, Blair JP, Jones VN, DuRant RH. Infant feeding decisions among pregnant women from a WIC population in Georgia. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Feb;90(2):255-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2303662&dopt;=Abstract

Blum LM. At the breast: ideologies of breastfeeding and motherhood in the contemporary United States. Boston (MA): Beacon Press; 1999. 282 p.

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Brandt KA, Andrews CM, Kvale J. Mother-infant interaction and breastfeeding outcome 6 weeks after birth. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 1998 Mar-Apr;27(2):169-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9549702&dopt;=Abstract

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Session III. C. Iron and Other Micronutrient Deficiencies in Children

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Abbott R. The effects of iron supplementation on cognitive function in infants and children. Bibl Nutr Dieta 1998;(54):67-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9597172&dopt;=Abstract

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Aggett PJ. Malnutrition and trace element metabolism. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser 1990;19:155-76.

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Allen LH. Malnutrition and human function: a comparison of conclusions from the INCAP and nutrition CRSP studies. J Nutr 1995 Apr;125(4 Suppl):1119S-1126S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7536832&dopt;=Abstract

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Allen LH, Black RE. Zinc and micronutrient supplements for children. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Aug;68(2 Suppl):495S-498S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9701167&dopt;=Abstract

Alnwick D J. Combating micronutrient deficiencies: problems and perspectives. Proc Nutr Soc 1998 Feb;57(1):137. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9571719&dopt;=Abstract

Ament M. Trace metals in parenteral nutrition. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser 1991;23:181-99.

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition: The use of whole cow's milk in infancy. Pediatrics 1992 Jun;89(6 Pt 1):1105-9. Comment in: Pediatrics 1993 Feb;91(2):515-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1594357&dopt;=Abstract

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Session III. D. Physical Activity and Energy Intake in Children

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Agostoni C, Salari P, Riva E. Metabolic needs, utilization and dietary sources of fatty acids in childhood. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1992;16(1):1-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1620874&dopt;=Abstract

Albertson AM, Tobelmann RC, Engstrom A, Asp EH. Nutrient intakes of 2- to 10-year-old American children: 10-year trends. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Dec;92(12):1492-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1452963&dopt;=Abstract

Alexander MA, Blank JJ. Factors related to obesity in Mexican-American preschool children. Image J Nurs Sch 1988 Summer;20(2):79-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3378822&dopt;=Abstract

American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Nutritional aspects of obesity in infancy and childhood. Pediatrics 1981 Dec;68(6):880-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7322725&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson GH. Sugars, sweetness, and food intake. Am J Clin Nutr 1995 Jul;62(1 Suppl):195S-201S; discussion 201S-202S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7598077&dopt;=Abstract

Attwood CR. Low-fat diets for children: practicality and safety. Am J Cardiol 1998 Nov 26;82(10B):77T-79T. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9860381&dopt;=Abstract

Ballew C, Kuester S, Serdula M, Bowman B, Dietz W. Nutrient intakes and dietary patterns of young children by dietary fat intakes. J Pediatr 2000 Feb;136(2):181-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10657823&dopt;=Abstract

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Session III. E. Adolescent Nutrition

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Adolescent nutrition. Can Med Assoc J 1983 Sep 1;129(5):419-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6883234&dopt;=Abstract

Adolescent nutrition: 5. Pregnancy and diet. Can Med Assoc J 1983 Oct 1;129(7):691-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6616377&dopt;=Abstract

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Williamson L. Eating disorders and the cultural forces behind the drive for thinness: are African American women really protected? Soc Work Health Care 1998;28(1):61-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9711686&dopt;=Abstract

Witschi JC, Capper AL, Hosmer DW Jr, Ellison RC. Sources of sodium, potassium, and energy in the diets of adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc 1987 Dec;87(12):1651-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3680823&dopt;=Abstract

Wong WW. Energy expenditure of female adolescents. J Am Coll Nutr 1994 Aug;13(4):332-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7963137&dopt;=Abstract

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Session III. F. Internet Sites on Childhood Nutrition

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A woman’s guide to breastfeeding [monograph on the Internet]. Elk Grove Village (IL): American Academy of Pediatrics; c2000 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. [16 p.]. Available from: http://www.aap.org/family/brstguid.htm

AMA health insight: online health information for everyone [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Medical Association; c1995-1999 [updated 2000 Apr 26; cited 2000 Apr 26]. Available from: http://www.ama-assn.org/consumer.htm

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Policies and materials on adolescent health of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The College; c2000 [updated 1999 Aug 3; cited 2000 Apr 24]. [4 p.]. Available from: http://www.acog.org/from_home/departments/dept_notice.cfm?recno=7&bulletin;=127

American Dietetic Association. ADA positions and FANSA statements [bibliography on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): The Association; c1996-1999 [updated 2000 Feb 2; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Child nutrition. Available from: http://www.eatright.org/positions.html#2

Bright futures [homepage on the Internet]. Rockville (MD): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau; Georgetown University, National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health; [modified 2000 Jan 27; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.brightfutures.org/index.html

Canadian Paediatric Society, Nutrition Committee. Nutrient needs and feeding of premature infants. CMAJ [serial on the Internet] 1995 Jun 1 [modified 1999 Dec 29; cited 2000 Apr 24];152(11):1765-85. Available from: http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/N/n95-01.htm

Child nutrition and health campaign [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dietetic Association; c1996-1999 [modified 1999 May 24; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.eatright.org/child/

Child nutrition home page [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): Department of Agriculture (US), Food and Nutrition Service; [modified 2000 Mar 27; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/

Dietary Guidelines Alliance. Reaching consumers with meaningful health messages: a handbook for nutrition and food communicators [monograph on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): National Agricultural Library (US), Food and Nutrition Information Center; c1996 [modified 1998 Mar 25; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/consumer/index.html

Earl R, Woteki CE, editors. Iron deficiency anemia: recommended guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management among U.S. children and women of childbearing age [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1993 [modified 2000 Apr 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309049873/html/index.html

Food and Nutrition Information Center [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): National Agricultural Library (US); [modified 2000 Apr 12; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

Food safety and nutrition information [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): International Food Information Council; [modified 1999 May 27; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://ificinfo.health.org/infofsn.htm

Howson CP, Kennedy ET, Horwitz A, editors. Prevention of micronutrient deficiencies: tools for policymakers and public health workers [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1998 [modified 2000 Apr 21; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/030906029X/html/index.html

Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes: a risk assessment model for establishing upper intake levels for nutrients [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1998 [modified 2000 Apr 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309063485/html/index.html

Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. WIC nutrition risk criteria: a scientific assessment [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1996 [modified 2000 Apr 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309053854/html/index.html

Knowledge path: childhood nutrition [monograph on the Internet]. Arlington (VA): National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health; 2000 Mar [cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.ncemch.org/RefDes/kpchildnutr.html

Lawrence RA. A review of the medical benefits and contraindications to breastfeeding in the United States [monograph on the Internet]. Arlington (VA): National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health; 1997 Oct [cited 2000 Apr 24]. 40 p. (Maternal and child health technical information bulletin). Available from: http://www.ncemch.org/pubs/PDFs/BreastfeedingTIB.pdf

La Leche League International [homepage on the Internet]. Schaumberg (IL): The League; [modified 2000 Mar 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.lalecheleague.org/

Meier PP. Breastfeeding your premature baby [monograph on the Internet]. Columbus (OH): Abbott Laboratories Inc., Ross Products Division; c1997 [modified 2000 Apr 19; cited 2000 Apr 24]. [7 p.]. Available from: http://www2.medsch.wisc.edu/childrenshosp/parents_of_preemies/brfeed.html

National Maternal and Child Health Clearinghouse [homepage on the Internet]. Rockville (MD): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau; [modified 2000 Mar 24; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nmchc.org/index.htm

Nutrition and physical activity [monograph on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; [modified 1999 Nov 16; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/index.htm

Story M. Bright futures in practice: nutrition [monograph on the Internet]. Arlington (VA): National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health; [modified 2000 Mar 23; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.brightfutures.org/nutrition/index.html

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Session IV. Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for Women of Reproductive Age

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Session IV. A. Nutrition and Preparing for Pregnancy

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ACOG issues technical bulletin on preconceptional care. Am Fam Physician 1995 Sep 15;52(4):1209. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7668209&dopt;=Abstract

Adams MM, Bruce FC, Shulman HB, Kendrick JS, Brogan DJ. Pregnancy planning and pre-conception counseling. The PRAMS Working Group. Obstet Gynecol 1993 Dec;82(6):955-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8233272&dopt;=Abstract

Allaire AD, Cefalo RC. Preconceptional health care model. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1998 Jun;78(2):163-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9622313&dopt;=Abstract

Barron ML, Brown MC, Ganong LH. PREPARED for pregnancy: a counseling guide. Clin Nurse Spec 1987 Fall;1(3):111-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3651964&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JE, Jacobs DR Jr, Barosso GM, Potter JD, Hannan PJ, Kopher RA, Rourke MJ, Hartman TJ, Hase K. Recruitment, retention and characteristics of women in a prospective study of preconceptional risks to reproductive outcomes: experience of the Diana Project. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1997 Jul;11(3):345-58. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9246695&dopt;=Abstract

Cefalo RC, Bowes WA Jr, Moos MK. Preconception care: a means of prevention. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1995 Sep;9(3):403-16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8846546&dopt;=Abstract

Cheng D. Preconception health care for the primary care practitioner. Md Med J 1996 Apr;45(4):297-304. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8775669&dopt;=Abstract

Conway T, Mason E, Hu TC. Attitudes, knowledge, and skills of internal medicine residents regarding pre-conception care. Acad Med 1994 May;69(5):389-91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8166923&dopt;=Abstract

Czeizel AE. Prevention of congenital abnormalities by periconceptional multivitamin supplementation. BMJ 1993 Jun 19;306(6893):1645-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8324432&dopt;=Abstract

Dubois S, Coulombe C, Pencharz P, Pinsonneault O, Duquette MP. Ability of the Higgins Nutrition Intervention Program to improve adolescent pregnancy outcome. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Aug;97(8):871-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9259709&dopt;=Abstract

Eskes TK, Mooij PN, Steegers-Theunissen RP, Lips JP, Pasker-de Jong PC. Prepregnancy care and prevention of birth defects. J Perinat Med 1992;20(4):253-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1432549&dopt;=Abstract

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Knowledge and use of folic acid by women of childbearing age--United States, 1995 and 1998. JAMA 1999 May 26;281(20):1883-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10349880&dopt;=Abstract

Gjerdingen DK, Fontaine P. Preconception health care: a critical task for family physicians. J Am Board Fam Pract 1991 Jul-Aug;4(4):237-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1927590&dopt;=Abstract

Hellerstedt WL, Pirie PL, Lando HA, Curry SJ, McBride CM, Grothaus LC, Nelson JC. Differences in preconceptional and prenatal behaviors in women with intended and unintended pregnancies. Am J Public Health 1998 Apr;88(4):663-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9551015&dopt;=Abstract

Hibbard BM. Folates and fetal development. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993 Apr;100(4):307-9. Comment in: Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993 Nov;100(11):1065. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8110212&dopt;=Abstract

Holmes-Siedle M, Dennis J, Lindenbaum RH, Galliard A. Long term effects of periconceptional multivitamin supplements for prevention of neural tube defects: a seven to 10 year follow up. Arch Dis Child 1992 Dec;67(12):1436-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1489221&dopt;=Abstract

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutritional Status During Pregnancy. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: an implementation guide. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1992. 133 p.

Jack BW, Culpepper L. Preconception care. J Fam Pract 1991 Mar;32(3):306-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2002323&dopt;=Abstract

Jewell D. Prepregnancy and early pregnancy care. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1990 Mar;4(1):1-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2119265&dopt;=Abstract

Knowledge and use of folic acid by women of childbearing age--United States, 1995 and 1998. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1999 Apr 30;48(16):325-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10366139&dopt;=Abstract

Levine B. Nutrition recommendations and practices of obstetrician-gynecologists before conception and during pregnancy. A national survey. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 Mar 15;678:353-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8494284&dopt;=Abstract

Mulinare J, Cordero JF, Erickson JD, Berry RJ. Periconceptional use of multivitamins and the occurrence of neural tube defects. JAMA 1988 Dec 2;260(21):3141-5. Comment in: JAMA 1989 Sep 22-29;262(12):1633-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3184392&dopt;=Abstract

Nasso JT. Planning for pregnancy--a preconception health program. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 1997 May-Jun;22(3):142-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9145655&dopt;=Abstract

Olsen ME. Preconception evaluation and intervention. South Med J 1994 Jun;87(6):639-45. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8202776&dopt;=Abstract

Pickard B. Nutritional aspects of preconceptional care. Midwife Health Visit Community Nurse 1983 Nov;19(11):422-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6559251&dopt;=Abstract

Pitkin RM. Nutrition services in perinatal care. 2nd ed. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1992. 114 p.

Plotkin F, Cernea D. Eating healthy for a healthy baby: a month-by-month guide to nutrition during pregnancy. New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks; 1994. 302 p.

Potrykus C. Preconception. Stop the cycle of deprivation. Health Visit 1992 Jan;65(1):7-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1732189&dopt;=Abstract

Reader FC, Grudzinskas JG. Preconception care. Practitioner 1985 Aug;229(1406):699-701. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4034482&dopt;=Abstract

Rosen MG, Merkatz IR, Hill JG. Caring for our future: a report by the expert panel on the content of prenatal care. Obstet Gynecol 1991 May;77(5):782-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2014096&dopt;=Abstract

Rush D, Stein Z, Susser M. The importance of maternal nutrition in the weeks before and after conception: another viewpoint. Birth 1982 Spring;9(1):43-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6922715&dopt;=Abstract

Schaffer DM, Velie EM, Shaw GM, Todoroff KP. Energy and nutrient intakes and health practices of Latinas and white non-Latinas in the 3 months before pregnancy. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Aug;98(8):876-84. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9710657&dopt;=Abstract

Seller MJ. Preconception care and neural tube defects. Midwife Health Visit Community Nurse 1982 Nov;18(11):470-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6924040&dopt;=Abstract

Shaw GM, Schaffer D, Velie EM, Morland K, Harris JA. Periconceptional vitamin use, dietary folate, and the occurrence of neural tube defects. Epidemiology 1995 May;6(3):219-26. Comment in: Epidemiology 1995 May;6(3):205-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7619926&dopt;=Abstract

Siega-Riz AM, Hobel CJ. Predictors of poor maternal weight gain from baseline anthropometric, psychosocial, and demographic information in a Hispanic population. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Nov;97(11):1264-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9366864&dopt;=Abstract

Smithells RW, Sheppard S, Schorah CJ, Seller MJ, Nevin NC, Harris R, Read AP, Fielding DW. Apparent prevention of neural tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation. Arch Dis Child 1981 Dec;56(12):911-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7332338&dopt;=Abstract

Summers L, Price RA. Preconception care. An opportunity to maximize health in pregnancy. J Nurse Midwifery 1993 Jul-Aug;38(4):188-98. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8410347&dopt;=Abstract

Swan LL, Apgar BS. Preconceptual obstetric risk assessment and health promotion. Am Fam Physician 1995 Jun;51(8):1875-85, 1888-90. Comment in: Am Fam Physician 1995 Jun;51(8):1807-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7762479&dopt;=Abstract

Taysi K. Preconceptional counseling. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1988 Jun;15(2):167-78. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3226663&dopt;=Abstract

Vobecky JS. Nutritional aspects of preconceptional period as related to pregnancy and early infancy. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1986;10(1-2):205-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3538186&dopt;=Abstract

Wallace HM. Maternal health antecedents of infant and early childhood mortality and morbidity. J Trop Pediatr 1992 Feb;38(1):4-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1573692&dopt;=Abstract

Werler MM, Shapiro S, Mitchell AA. Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. JAMA 1993 Mar 10;269(10):1257-61. Comment in: JAMA 1993 Mar 10;269(10):1292-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8437302&dopt;=Abstract

Wynn AH, Crawford MA, Doyle W, Wynn SW. Nutrition of women in anticipation of pregnancy. Nutr Health 1991;7(2):69-88. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2038457&dopt;=Abstract

Wynn M, Wynn A. A fertility diet for planning pregnancy. Nutr Health 1995;10(3):219-38. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8684732&dopt;=Abstract

Wynn M, Wynn A. The importance of maternal nutrition in the weeks before and after conception. Birth 1982 Spring;9(1):39-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6922714&dopt;=Abstract

Wynn M, Wynn A. Slimming and fertility. Mod Midwife 1994 Jun;4(6):17-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7788390&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IV. B. Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

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Allen LH, Lung'aho MS, Shaheen M, Harrison GG, Neumann C, Kirksey A. Maternal body mass index and pregnancy outcome in the Nutrition Collaborative Research Support Program. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994 Nov;48 Suppl 3:S68-76; discussion S76-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7843162&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson GD. Nutrition in pregnancy--1978. South Med J 1979 Oct;72(10):1304-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=384539&dopt;=Abstract

Baglan RJ, Brill AB, Schulert A, Wilson D, Larsen K, Dyer N, Mansour M, Schaffner W, Hoffman L, Davies J. Utility of placental tissue as an indicator of trace element exposure to adult and fetus. Environ Res 1974 Aug;8(1):64-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4455499&dopt;=Abstract

Bailey LB, Cerda JJ. Iron and folate nutriture during life cycle. World Rev Nutr Diet 1988;56:56-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3055697&dopt;=Abstract

Barker DJ. Maternal nutrition, fetal nutrition, and disease in later life. Nutrition 1997 Sep;13(9):807-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9290095&dopt;=Abstract

Barker DJ, Clark PM. Fetal undernutrition and disease in later life. Rev Reprod 1997 May;2(2):105-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9414472&dopt;=Abstract

Battaglia FC, Meschia G. Fetal nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr 1988;8:43-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3060173&dopt;=Abstract

Battaglia FC, Thureen PJ. Nutrition of the fetus and the premature infant. Diabetes Care 1998 Aug;21 Suppl 2:B70-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9704230&dopt;=Abstract

Bendich A. Lifestyle and environmental factors that can adversely affect maternal nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 Mar 15;678:255-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8494268&dopt;=Abstract

Bergner L, Susser MW. Low birth weight and prenatal nutrition: an interpretative review. Pediatrics 1970 Dec;46(6):946-66. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4923514&dopt;=Abstract

Boyd NR Jr, Windsor RA. A meta-evaluation of nutrition education intervention research among pregnant women. Health Educ Q 1993 Fall;20(3):327-45. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8307758&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JE. Improving pregnancy outcomes in the United States: the importance of preventive nutrition services. J Am Diet Assoc 1989 May;89(5):631-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2656827&dopt;=Abstract

Brown JE, Kahn ES. Maternal nutrition and the outcome of pregnancy. A renaissance in research. Clin Perinatol 1997 Jun;24(2):433-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9209811&dopt;=Abstract

Crawford MA, Doyle W, Leaf A, Leighfield M, Ghebremeskel K, Phylactos A. Nutrition and neurodevelopmental disorders. Nutr Health 1993;9(2):81-97. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7510860&dopt;=Abstract

Dancis J. Placental transport of amino acids, fats and minerals. Mead Johnson Symp Perinat Dev Med 1981;(18):25-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6804720&dopt;=Abstract

Dancis J. The transfer of nutrients across the perfused human placenta. Adv Nutr Res 1990;8:1-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1971488&dopt;=Abstract

Dancis J, Schneider H, Challier JC. Nutrition of the placenta and the fetus. Curr Concepts Nutr 1985;14:59-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3914398&dopt;=Abstract

Davidson FR. Priorities for nutrition interventions in reproductive health: a bilateral agency perspective. Proc Nutr Soc 1995 Jul;54(2):361-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8524883&dopt;=Abstract

Deskins BB, Laska MF. The community health nurse's nutrition guidelines: a trimester approach for expectant mothers. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 1982 May-Jun;7(3):202-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6804740&dopt;=Abstract

Dobbing J. Boyd Orr memorial lecture. Early nutrition and later achievement. Proc Nutr Soc 1990 Jul;49(2):103-18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2236081&dopt;=Abstract

Drife J, MacNab G. Prescribing in pregnancy. Mineral and vitamin supplements. Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1986 Jun;13(2):253-67. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3524949&dopt;=Abstract

Garnica AD, Chan WY. The role of the placenta in fetal nutrition and growth. J Am Coll Nutr 1996 Jun;15(3):206-22. Comment in: J Am Coll Nutr 1996 Jun;15(3):197-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8935436&dopt;=Abstract

Giroud A. Nutritional requirements of the embryo. World Rev Nutr Diet 1973;18:195-262. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4569750&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IV. C. Exercise and Pregnancy

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ACOG issues recommendations on exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Am Fam Physician 1994 Apr;49(5):1258-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8154408&dopt;=Abstract

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Artal R, Masaki DI, Khodiguian N, Romem Y, Rutherford SE, Wiswell RA. Exercise prescription in pregnancy: weight-bearing versus non-weight-bearing exercise. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989 Dec;161(6 Pt 1):1464-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2603900&dopt;=Abstract

Artal R, Rutherford S, Romem Y, Kammula RK, Dorey FJ, Wiswell RA. Fetal heart rate responses to maternal exercise. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986 Oct;155(4):729-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3766626&dopt;=Abstract

Artal R, Wiswell R, Romem Y, Dorey F. Pulmonary responses to exercise in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986 Feb;154(2):378-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3946524&dopt;=Abstract

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Avery ND, Stocking KD, Tranmer JE, Davies GA, Wolfe LA. Fetal responses to maternal strength conditioning exercises in late gestation. Can J Appl Physiol 1999 Aug;24(4):362-76. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10470452&dopt;=Abstract

Baddeley S. Antenatal exercise: a personal perspective. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery 1996 Feb;2(1):3-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9439264&dopt;=Abstract

Bell R, O'Neill M. Exercise and pregnancy: a review. Birth 1994 Jun;21(2):85-95. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7857452&dopt;=Abstract

Bell RJ, Palma SM, Lumley JM. The effect of vigorous exercise during pregnancy on birth-weight. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1995 Feb;35(1):46-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7771999&dopt;=Abstract

Bonen A, Campagna P, Gilchrist L, Young DC, Beresford P. Substrate and endocrine responses during exercise at selected stages of pregnancy. J Appl Physiol 1992 Jul;73(1):134-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1506360&dopt;=Abstract

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Borer KT. The effects of exercise on growth. Sports Med 1995 Dec;20(6):375-97. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8614759&dopt;=Abstract

Brenner IK, Wolfe LA, Monga M, McGrath MJ. Physical conditioning effects on fetal heart rate responses to graded maternal exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Jun;31(6):792-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10378905&dopt;=Abstract

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Carey GB, Quinn TJ, Goodwin SE. Breast milk composition after exercise of different intensities. J Hum Lact 1997 Jun;13(2):115-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9233201&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IV. D. Weight Gain During Pregnancy

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Abrams B. Prenatal weight gain and postpartum weight retention: a delicate balance. Am J Public Health 1993 Aug;83(8):1082-4.

Abrams B. Weight gain during pregnancy: current guidelines. Nutr MD 1993 Oct;19(10):1-3.

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Abrams B, Selvin S. Maternal weight gain pattern and birth weight. Obstet Gynecol 1995 Aug;86(2):163-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7617344&dopt;=Abstract

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Mitchell MC, Lerner E. Weight gain and pregnancy outcome in underweight and normal weight women. J Am Diet Assoc 1989 May;89(5):634-8, 641. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2723286&dopt;=Abstract

Mueller WH, Pollitt E. The bacon Chow study: effects of maternal nutritional supplementation on birth measurements of children, accounting for the size of a previous (unsupplemented) child. Early Hum Dev 1984 Sep;10(1-2):127-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6499715&dopt;=Abstract

Munoz LM, Lonnerdal B, Keen CL, Dewey KG. Coffee consumption as a factor in iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women and their infants in Costa Rica. Am J Clin Nutr 1988 Sep;48(3):645-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3414579&dopt;=Abstract

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Naismith DJ. Maternal nutrition and the outcome of pregnancy--a critical appraisal. Proc Nutr Soc 1980 Feb;39(1):1-11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6988832&dopt;=Abstract

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Parker JD, Abrams B. Prenatal weight gain advice: an examination of the recent prenatal weight gain recommendations of the Institute of Medicine. Obstet Gynecol 1992 May;79(5 Pt 1):664-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1565346&dopt;=Abstract

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Pregnancy risks determined from birth certificate data--United States, 1989. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1992 Jul 31;41(30):556-63. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1635546&dopt;=Abstract

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Schieve LA, Cogswell ME, Scanlon KS. An empiric evaluation of the Institute of Medicine's pregnancy weight gain guidelines by race. Obstet Gynecol 1998 Jun;91(6):878-84. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9610990&dopt;=Abstract

Schieve LA, Cogswell ME, Scanlon KS. Trends in pregnancy weight gain within and outside ranges recommended by the Institute of Medicine in a WIC population. Matern Child Health J 1998 Jun;2(2):111-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10728266&dopt;=Abstract

Scholl TO, Hediger ML. A review of the epidemiology of nutrition and adolescent pregnancy: maternal growth during pregnancy and its effect on the fetus. J Am Coll Nutr 1993 Apr;12(2):101-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8463508&dopt;=Abstract

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Susser M. Maternal weight gain, infant birth weight, and diet: causal sequences. Am J Clin Nutr 1991 Jun;53(6):1384-96. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2035466&dopt;=Abstract

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Thorsdottir I, Birgisdottir BE. Different weight gain in women of normal weight before pregnancy: postpartum weight and birth weight. Obstet Gynecol 1998 Sep;92(3):377-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9721774&dopt;=Abstract

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Widga AC, Lewis NM. Defined, in-home, prenatal nutrition intervention for low-income women. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Sep;99(9):1058-62; quiz 1063-4, 1175. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10491673&dopt;=Abstract

Wikstrom I, Axelsson O, Bergstrom R. Maternal factors associated with high birth weight. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1991;70(1):55-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1858498&dopt;=Abstract

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Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Helfand M. Low birthweight in a public prenatal care program: behavioral and psychosocial risk factors and psychosocial intervention. Soc Sci Med 1996 Jul;43(2):187-97. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8844923&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IV. E. Nutrition in Extended Lactation

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Abrams B. Prenatal weight gain and postpartum weight retention: a delicate balance. Am J Public Health 1993 Aug;83(8):1082-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8342710&dopt;=Abstract

Ackland ML, Anikijenko P, Michalczyk A, Mercer JF. Expression of menkes copper-transporting ATPase, MNK, in the lactating human breast: possible role in copper transport into milk. J Histochem Cytochem 1999 Dec;47(12):1553-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10567439&dopt;=Abstract

Adair LS, Popkin BM. Prolonged lactation contributes to depletion of maternal energy reserves in Filipino women. J Nutr 1992 Aug;122(8):1643-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1640258&dopt;=Abstract

Adesiyun AA, Romain HT. Longitudinal study on the susceptibility to bacteriophages of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from dairy farms in Trinidad. Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 1999 Oct;46(8):567-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10574074&dopt;=Abstract

Andreassen B, Huth J, Tyson JE. Plasma thyrotropin-releasing hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin, and thyroxine concentrations following the intravenous or oral administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1979 Nov 15;135(6):737-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=115316&dopt;=Abstract

Bates CJ, Tsuchiya H. Zinc in breast milk during prolonged lactation: comparison between the UK and the Gambia. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990 Jan;44(1):61-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2354693&dopt;=Abstract

Businco L, Bruno G, Giampietro PG, Ferrara M. Is prevention of food allergy worthwhile? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1993 Sep-Oct;3(5):231-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8298746&dopt;=Abstract

Chappell JE, Clandinin MT, McVey MA, Chance GW. Free fatty acid content of human milk: physiologic significance and artifactual determinants. Lipids 1985 Apr;20(4):216-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4039783&dopt;=Abstract

Dada OA, Laditan AA. Circulating hormonal levels during prolonged lactational amenorrhea. Clin Chim Acta 1982 Aug 18;123(3):287-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6811163&dopt;=Abstract

Dagnelie PC, van Staveren WA, Roos AH, Tuinstra LG, Burema J. Nutrients and contaminants in human milk from mothers on macrobiotic and omnivorous diets. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992 May;46(5):355-66. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1600934&dopt;=Abstract

Delvoye P, Delogne-Desnoeck J, Robyn C. Hyperprolactinaemia during prolonged lactation: evidence for anovulatory cycles and inadequate corpus luteum. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1980 Sep;13(3):243-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6971195&dopt;=Abstract

Delvoye P, Delogne-Desnoeck J, Robyn C. Serum-prolactin in long-lasting lactation amenorrhoea. Lancet 1976 Aug 7;2(7980):288-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=59857&dopt;=Abstract

Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA. Maternal weight-loss patterns during prolonged lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 1993 Aug;58(2):162-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8338042&dopt;=Abstract

Dewey KG, McCory MA. Effects of dieting and physical activity on pregnancy and lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 1994 Feb;59(2s):446s-453s. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8304282&dopt;=Abstract

Dewit O, Dibba B, Prentice A. Breast-milk amylase activity in English and Gambian mothers: effects of prolonged lactation, maternal parity, and individual variations. Pediatr Res 1990 Nov;28(5):502-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1701531&dopt;=Abstract

Diaz S, Miranda P, Brandeis A, Cardenas H, Croxatto HB. Mechanism of action of progesterone as contraceptive for lactating women. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1991;626:11-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2058946&dopt;=Abstract

Diaz S, Seron-Ferre M, Croxatto HB, Veldhuis J. Neuroendocrine mechanisms of lactational infertility in women. Biol Res 1995;28(2):155-63. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9251745&dopt;=Abstract

Dobnig H, Kainer F, Stepan V, Winter R, Lipp R, Schaffer M, Kahr A, Nocnik S, Patterer G, Leb G. Elevated parathyroid hormone-related peptide levels after human gestation: relationship to changes in bone and mineral metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995 Dec;80(12):3699-707. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8530622&dopt;=Abstract

Dupuy P, Sauniere JF, Vis HL, Leclaire M, Lombardo D. Change in bile salt dependent lipase in human breast milk during extended lactation. Lipids 1991 Feb;26(2):134-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2051895&dopt;=Abstract

Extended lactation and loss of bone. Nutr Rev 1994 Jan;52(1):26-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8139799&dopt;=Abstract

Fenuku RI. Source of raised serum alkaline phosphatase activity during prolonged lactation. Clin Chim Acta 1977 Aug 15;79(1):265. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=890957&dopt;=Abstract

Freeman VE, Mulder J, van Hof MA, Hoey HM, Gibney MJ. A longitudinal study of iron status in children at 12, 24 and 36 months. Public Health Nutr 1998 Jun;1(2):93-100.

Goldfarb J. Extended breastfeeding in the United States. Clin Pediatr 1995 Dec;34(12):648-9.

Green D, Moye L, Schreiner RL, Lemons JA. The relative efficacy of four methods of human milk expression. Early Hum Dev 1982 Apr;6(2):153-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7094853&dopt;=Abstract

Gross BA, Eastman CJ. Effect of breast-feeding status on prolactin secretion and resumption of menstruation. Med J Aust 1983 Apr 2;1(7):313-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6682169&dopt;=Abstract

Gross BA, Eastman CJ. Prolactin secretion during prolonged lactational amenorrhoea. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1979 May;19(2):95-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=292436&dopt;=Abstract

Grossman LK, Harter C, Sachs L, Kay A. The effect of postpartum lactation counseling on the duration of breast-feeding in low-income women. Am J Dis Child 1990 Apr;144(4):471-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2321612&dopt;=Abstract

Haram K, Thordarson H, Hervig T. Calcium homeostasis in pregnancy and lactation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1993 Oct;72(7):509-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8213094&dopt;=Abstract

Heinig MJ, Nommsen-Rivers LA, Peerson JM, Dewey KG. Factors related to duration of postpartum amenorrhoea among USA women with prolonged lactation. J Biosoc Sci 1994 Oct;26(4):517-27. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7983102&dopt;=Abstract

Heiskanen K, Siimes MA, Perheentupa J, Salmenpera L. Risk of low vitamin B6 status in infants breast-fed exclusively beyond six months. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1996 Jul;23(1):38-44. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8811522&dopt;=Abstract

Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. The effect of sequential and simultaneous breast pumping on milk volume and prolactin levels: a pilot study. J Hum Lact 1996 Sep;12(3):193-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9025426&dopt;=Abstract

Huffman SL. Maternal and child nutritional status: its association with the risk of pregnancy. Soc Sci Med 1983;17(20):1529-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6356372&dopt;=Abstract

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutritional Status During Pregnancy and Lactation. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: an implementation guide. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1992. 133 p.

Kallio MJ, Siimes MA, Perheentupa J, Salmenpera L, Miettinen TA. Cholesterol and its precursors in human milk during prolonged exclusive breast-feeding. Am J Clin Nutr 1989 Oct;50(4):782-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2801582&dopt;=Abstract

Kallio MJ, Siimes MA, Perheentupa J, Salmenpera L, Miettinen TA. Serum cholesterol and lipoprotein concentrations in mothers during and after prolonged exclusive lactation. Metabolism 1992 Dec;41(12):1327-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1461138&dopt;=Abstract

Karra MV, Udipi SA, Kirksey A, Roepke JL. Changes in specific nutrients in breast milk during extended lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 1986 Apr;43(4):495-503. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3962902&dopt;=Abstract

Katsouyanni K, Lipworth L, Trichopoulou A, Samoli E, Stuver S, Trichopoulos D. A case-control study of lactation and cancer of the breast. Br J Cancer 1996 Mar;73(6):814-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8611387&dopt;=Abstract

Kent JC, Mitoulas L, Cox DB, Owens RA, Hartmann PE. Breast volume and milk production during extended lactation in women. Exp Physiol 1999 Mar;84(2):435-47. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10226183&dopt;=Abstract

Krebs NF, Hambidge KM, Jacobs MA, Rasbach JO. The effects of a dietary zinc supplement during lactation on longitudinal changes in maternal zinc status and milk zinc concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 1985 Mar;41(3):560-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3976555&dopt;=Abstract

Laskey MA, Prentice A, Shaw J, Zachou T, Ceesay SM, Vasquez-Velasquez L, Fraser DR. Breast-milk calcium concentrations during prolonged lactation in British and rural Gambian mothers. Acta Paediatr Scand 1990 May;79(5):507-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2386042&dopt;=Abstract

Lawrence RA, Bryant Cl, Quint-Adler L. Breastfeeding care: setting the environment, supporting the process: an educational module for health care professionals. White Plains (NY): March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; 1994. 1 vol.

Lewis PR, Brown JB, Renfree MB, Short RV. The resumption of ovulation and menstruation in a well-nourished population of women breastfeeding for an extended period of time. Fertil Steril 1991 Mar;55(3):529-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2001754&dopt;=Abstract

Lunn PG, Prentice AM, Austin S, Whitehead RG. Influence of maternal diet on plasma-prolactin levels during lactation. Lancet 1980 Mar 22;1(8169):623-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6102628&dopt;=Abstract

Mackey AD, Picciano MF. Maternal folate status during extended lactation and the effect of supplemental folic acid. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Feb;69(2):285-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9989694&dopt;=Abstract

Nehlig A, Debry G. Consequences on the newborn of chronic maternal consumption of coffee during gestation and lactation: a review. J Am Coll Nutr 1994 Feb;13(1):6-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8157856&dopt;=Abstract

Newcomb PA, Egan KM, Titus-Ernstoff L, Trentham-Dietz A, Greenberg ER, Baron JA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ. Lactation in relation to postmenopausal breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1999 Jul 15;150(2):174-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10412962&dopt;=Abstract

Olson CM. Promoting positive nutritional practices during pregnancy and lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59(2S):525S-531S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8304291&dopt;=Abstract

Petrakis NL, Wrensch MR, Ernster VL, Miike R, Murai J, Simberg N, Siiteri PK. Influence of pregnancy and lactation on serum and breast fluid estrogen levels: implications for breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 1987 Nov 15;40(5):587-91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3679587&dopt;=Abstract

Position of The American Dietetic Association: promotion of breast-feeding. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jun;97(6):662-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9183331&dopt;=Abstract

Prema K, Naidu AN, Kumari SN. Lactation and fertility. Am J Clin Nutr 1979 Jun;32(6):1298-303. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=443191&dopt;=Abstract

Prentice A. Bioactive components of human milk. Proc Nutr Soc Aust 1996;20:146-55.

Rashid M, Ulijaszek SJ. Daily energy expenditure across the course of lactation among urban Bangladeshi women. Am J Phys Anthropol 1999 Dec;110(4):457-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10564575&dopt;=Abstract

Rosenblatt KA, Thomas DB. Prolonged lactation and endometrial cancer. WHO Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives. Int J Epidemiol 1995 Jun;24(3):499-503. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7672888&dopt;=Abstract

Salariya EM, Easton PM, Cater JI. Duration of breast-feeding after early initiation and frequent feeding. Lancet 1978 Nov 25;2(8100):1141-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=82695&dopt;=Abstract

Salmenpera L. Vitamin C nutrition during prolonged lactation: optimal in infants while marginal in some mothers. Am J Clin Nutr 1984 Nov;40(5):1050-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6496385&dopt;=Abstract

Salmenpera L, Perheentupa J, Pakarinen P, Siimes MA. Cu nutrition in infants during prolonged exclusive breast-feeding: low intake but rising serum concentrations of Cu and ceruloplasmin. Am J Clin Nutr 1986 Feb;43(2):251-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3946289&dopt;=Abstract

Salmenpera L, Perheentupa J, Pispa JP, Siimes MA. Biotin concentrations in maternal plasma and milk during prolonged lactation. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1985;55(3):281-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3841094&dopt;=Abstract

Sciacca JP, Phipps BL, Dube DA, Ratliff MI. Influences on breast-feeding by lower-income women: and incentive-based, partner-supported educational program. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Mar;95(3):323-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7860944&dopt;=Abstract

Short RV. What the breast does for the baby, and what the baby does for the breast. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1994 Jun;34(3):262-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7848196&dopt;=Abstract

Short RV, Lewis PR, Renfree MB, Shaw G. Contraceptive effects of extended lactational amenorrhoea: beyond the Bellagio Consensus. Lancet 1991 Mar 23;337(8743):715-7. Comment in: Lancet 1991 May 18;337(8751):1232-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1672186&dopt;=Abstract

Sowers M, Corton G, Shapiro B, Jannausch ML, Crutchfield M, Smith ML, Randolph JF, Hollis B. Changes in bone density with lactation. JAMA 1993 Jun 23-30;269(24):3130-5. Comments in: JAMA 1993 Nov 17;270(19):2300; JAMA 1994 Oct 5;272(13):1003-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8505816&dopt;=Abstract

Sowers M, Randolph J, Shapiro B, Jannausch M. A prospective study of bone density and pregnancy after an extended period of lactation with bone loss. Obstet Gynecol 1995 Feb;85(2):285-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7824246&dopt;=Abstract

Stern JM, Konner M, Herman TN, Reichlin S. Nursing behaviour, prolactin and postpartum amenorrhoea during prolonged lactation in American and !Kung mothers. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1986 Sep;25(3):247-58. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3791666&dopt;=Abstract

Thomas DB, Noonan EA. Breast cancer and prolonged lactation. The WHO Collaborative Study of Neoplasia and Steroid Contraceptives. Int J Epidemiol 1993 Aug;22(4):619-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8225734&dopt;=Abstract

Uvnas-Moberg K. Oxytocin may mediate the benefits of positive social interaction and emotions. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1998 Nov;23(8):819-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9924739&dopt;=Abstract

van Ginneken JK. The impact of prolonged breast-feeding on birth intervals and on postpartum amenorrhoea. In: Mosley WH, editor. Nutrition and human reproduction. New York: Plenum Press; 1978. p. 179-95.

Van Ginneken JK. Prolonged breastfeeding as a birth spacing method. Stud Fam Plann 1974 Jun;5(6):201-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4841670&dopt;=Abstract

Verhaeghe J, Bouillon R. Calciotropic hormones during reproduction. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1992 Mar;41(3-8):469-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1562518&dopt;=Abstract

Wenlock RJ, Wenlock RW. Maternal nutrition, prolonged lactation and birth spacing in Ethiopia. J Biosoc Sci 1981 Jul;13(3):261-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7276029&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IV. F. Internet Sites on Nutrition and Reproductive Health

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CDC's reproductive health information source: maternal health [monograph on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; [modified 2000 Mar 30; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/drh/mh.htm

Excess weight before pregnancy: good nutrition and prenatal care are crucial [monograph on the Internet]. Rochester (MN): Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 1998 Feb 3 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. [4 p.]. Available from: http://www.mayohealth.org/home?id=PR00019

Folic acid now: before you know you’re pregnant [monograph on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), National Center for Environmental Health; 1999 Mar [cited 2000 Apr 24]. [2 p.]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fact/folnow.htm

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutritional Status During Pregnancy and Lactation. Nutrition during lactation [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1991 [modified 2000 Apr 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309043913/html/

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutritional Status During Pregnancy and Lactation. Nutrition during pregnancy: Part I: Weight gain, Part II: Nutrient supplements [monograph on the Interent]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1990 [modified 2000 Apr 19; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309041384/html/index.html

Maternal and Child Health Bureau: MCHB [homepage on the Internet]. Rockville (MD): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau; [modified 2000 Apr 25; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov/html/newsletterpublications.html

National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health [homepage on the Internet]. Arlington (VA): Georgetown University Public Policy Institute; [modified 2000 Apr 26; cited 2000 Apr 26]. Available from: http://www.ncemch.org/

Nutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding [bibliography on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): National Agricultural Library (US), Food and Nutrition Information Center; 1999 May [modified 1999 Jun 7; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/pubs/bibs/topics/pregnancy/preghp.html

Pre-pregnancy planning [monograph on the Internet]. White Plains (NY): March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; c1999 [modified 1999 Jun 29; cited 2000 Apr 24]. [4 p.]. Available from: http://www.modimes.org/healthlibrary2/factsheets/prepregnancy_planning.htm

Pregnancy and diet [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Office on Women’s Health, National Women's Health Information Center; [modified 2000 Apr 25; cited 2000 Apr 25]. [4 p.]. Available from: http://www.4women.gov/x/faq/preg-diet.htm

Suitor CW. Maternal weight gain: a report of an expert work group [monograph on the Internet]. Arlington (VA): National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health; 1997 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.ncemch.org/pubs/pdfs/mtrnlWghtGain.pdf

Williams RD. Healthy pregnancy, healthy baby: exercise, good food, and prenatal care are the keys. FDA Consum [serial on the Internet] 1999 Mar-Apr [cited 2000 Apr 24];33(2):[7 p.]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1999/299_baby.html

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Session V. Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues for an Aging Population

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Session V. A. Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

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Abramson JH, Hopp C. The control of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. Prev Med 1976 Mar;5(1):32-47. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=772670&dopt;=Abstract

Albrink MJ. Advisability (or lack of it) of lipid lowering diets for the elderly. Prog Clin Biol Res 1990;326:109-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2405414&dopt;=Abstract

Alpert MA. Homocyst(e)ine, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. South Med J 1999 Sep;92(9):858-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10498159&dopt;=Abstract

Aluli NE. Prevalence of obesity in a Native Hawaiian population. Am J Clin Nutr 1991 Jun;53(6 Suppl.):S1556-60. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2031487&dopt;=Abstract

American Heart Association, Nutrition Committee. Diet and coronary heart disease: a statement for physicians and other health professionals. Dallas (TX): American Heart Association; c1978. 7 p.

Arnstein PM, Buselli EF, Rankin SH. Women and heart attacks: prevention, diagnosis, and care. Nurse Pract 1996 May;21(5):57-8, 61-4, 67-9; quiz 70-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8734626&dopt;=Abstract

Barrett-Connor E. Obesity, hypertension and stroke. Clin Exp Hypertens [A] 1990;12(5):769-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2208749&dopt;=Abstract

Barrow MV, Ramsey HW. Precursors and prevention of coronary artery disease. An overview. Mod Treat 1972 May;9(2):357-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4563491&dopt;=Abstract

Berenson GS, Srinivasan SR, Hunter SM, Nicklas TA, Freedman DS, Shear CL, Webber LS. Risk factors in early life as predictors of adult heart disease: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Med Sci 1989 Sep;298(3):141-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2679086&dopt;=Abstract

Birrer RB. Physical activity in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997;82:191-209. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9270322&dopt;=Abstract

Blackburn H, Prineas R. Diet and hypertension: anthropology, epidemiology, and public health implications. Prog Biochem Pharmacol 1983;19:31-79. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6338525&dopt;=Abstract

Bolton-Smith C, Brown CA, Tunstall-Pedoe H. Nutrient sources in non-manual and manual occupational groups. Results from the Scottish Heart Health Study (SHHS). J Hum Nutr Diet 1991 Oct;4(5):291-306.

Bouchard C. Physical inactivity. Can J Cardiol 1999 Dec;15 Suppl G:89G-92G. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10692665&dopt;=Abstract

Buckley J, Holmes J, Mapp G. Exercise on prescription: cardiovascular activity for health. Boston (MA): Butterworth-Heinemann; 1999. 232 p.

Burke GL, Cresanta JL, Shear CL, Miner MH, Berenson GS. Cardiovascular risk factors and their modification in children. Cardiol Clin 1986 Feb;4(1):33-46. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3518933&dopt;=Abstract

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Session V. B. Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

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Facts about dietary supplements: magnesium [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US), Office of Dietary Supplements; [modified 2000 Mar 13; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.cc.nih.gov/ccc/supplements/magn.html

Food and Drug Administration (US), Press Office. FDA approves new health claim for soy protein and coronary heart disease [monograph on the Internet]. Rockville (MD): The Administration; 1999 Oct 20 [modified 1999 Oct 21; cited 2000 Apr 24]. [1 p.]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00980.html

Framingham Heart Study [homepage on the Internet]. Framingham (MA): National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US); [modified 2000 Feb 3; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/framingham/index.html

Heart and stroke A-Z guide: vitamin and mineral supplements [monograph on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Heart Association; c1999 [modified 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.americanheart.org/Heart_and_Stroke_A_Z_Guide/vitamin.html

Heart Information Network [homepage on the Internet]. New Providence (NJ): Center for Cardiovascular Education, Inc; c1996-2000 [modified 2000 Mar 10; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Homocysteine and folate: new implications for heart attack prevention; [2 p.]. Available from: http://www.heartinfo.org/homcystbg.html

Hormone replacement therapy and heart disease: the PEPI trial [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US); 1995 Aug [cited 2000 Apr 18]. 8 p. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/other/hrt_pepi.pdf

Hunt JP, Donato KA, Crespo CJ, compilers. Physical activity and cardiovascular health [bibliography on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; 1995 [cited 2000 Apr 18]. 74 p. January 1990 through September 1995; 1966 citations. (Current bibliographies in medicine; 95-7). Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/pacardio.html

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutrition Services for Medicare Beneficiaries. The role of nutrition in maintaining health in the nation's elderly [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; c1999 [cited 2000 Apr 22]. Chapter 5, Cardiovascular disease; p. 67-86. Available from: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309068460/html/67.html#pagetop

National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US). Physical Activity and Health: a report of the Surgeon General [monograph on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); 1996 [modified 1999 Nov 17; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Cardiovascular diseases; p. 87-112. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/sgr/pdf/chap4.pdf

National Cholesterol Education Program [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US); [modified 1999 Oct 12; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/ncep/index.htm

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 1999 Oct 12; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Health information. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/index.htm

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Session V. C. Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention of Cancer

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Agheli N, Therwath A. Nutrition, dietary fat and breast cancer--a review. Indian J Cancer 1994 Dec;31(4):218-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7875723&dopt;=Abstract

Albert-Puleo M. Physiological effects of cabbage with reference to its potential as a dietary cancer-inhibitor and its use in ancient medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 1983 Dec;9(2-3):261-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6677818&dopt;=Abstract

Alberts DS, Martinez ME, Roe DJ, Guillen-Rodriguez JM, Marshall JR, van Leeuwen JB, Reid ME, Ritenbaugh C, Vargas PA, Bhattacharyya AB, Earnest DL, Sampliner RE, Parish D, Koonce K, Fales L. Lack of effect of a high-fiber cereal supplement on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 2000 Apr 20;342(16):1156-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10770980&dopt;=Abstract

America's Diet: Are We Losing the War Against Cancer? Hearing Before the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcomm. of the House Comm. on Government Operations, 103rd Cong., 1st Sess. (1993 Sep 13).

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Ames BN. Micronutrients prevent cancer and delay aging. Toxicol Lett 1998 Dec 28;102-103:5-18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10022226&dopt;=Abstract

Ames BN, Cathcart R, Schwiers E, Hochstein P. Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1981 Nov;78(11):6858-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6947260&dopt;=Abstract

Ames BN, Gold LS. The causes and prevention of cancer: gaining perspective. Environ Health Perspect 1997 Jun;105 Suppl 4:865-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9255573&dopt;=Abstract

Ames BN, Shigenaga MK, Hagen TM. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993 Sep 1;90(17):7915-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8367443&dopt;=Abstract

Antila E, Mussalo-Rauhamaa H, Kantola M, Atroshi F, Westermarck T. Association of cadmium with human breast cancer. Sci Total Environ 1996 Jul 30;186(3):251-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8677430&dopt;=Abstract

Auston I, compiler. Diet and cancer: etiology and prevention [bibliography]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 1981. 27 p. January 1978 through December 1980; 371 citations. (Literature search; no. 80-28).

Balducci L, Wallace C, Khansur T, Vance RB, Thigpen JT, Hardy C. Nutrition, cancer, and aging: an annotated review. I. Diet, carcinogenesis, and aging. J Am Geriatr Soc 1986 Feb;34(2):127-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3003178&dopt;=Abstract

Barone J, Taioli E, Hebert JR, Wynder EL. Vitamin supplement use and risk for oral and esophageal cancer. Nutr Cancer 1992;18(1):31-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1408944&dopt;=Abstract

Bartram HP, Gostner A, Kelber E, Dusel G, Weimer A, Scheppach W, Kasper H. Effects of fish oil on fecal bacterial enzymes and steroid excretion in healthy volunteers: implications for colon cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer 1996;25(1):71-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8837863&dopt;=Abstract

Bernstein L, Ross RK, Henderson BE. Prospects for the primary prevention of breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1992 Jan 15;135(2):142-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1311141&dopt;=Abstract

Bongiorno CP. Appropriate prevention and detection of gastrointestinal neoplasms in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med 1988 Feb;4(1):222-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3278793&dopt;=Abstract

Bostick RM, Potter JD, McKenzie DR, Sellers TA, Kushi LH, Steinmetz KA, Folsom AR. Reduced risk of colon cancer with high intake of vitamin E: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Cancer Res 1993 Sep 15;53(18):4230-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8364919&dopt;=Abstract

Bostick RM, Potter JD, Sellers TA, McKenzie DR, Kushi LH, Folsom AR. Relation of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy food intake to incidence of colon cancer among older women. The Iowa Women's Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 1993 Jun 15;137(12):1302-17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8333412&dopt;=Abstract

Boyd NF, Cousins M, Lockwood G, Tritchler D. The feasibility of testing experimentally the dietary fat-breast cancer hypothesis. Prog Clin Biol Res 1990;346:231-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2197628&dopt;=Abstract

Brennan P, Fortes C, Butler J, Agudo A, Benhamou S, Darby S, Gerken M, Jokel KH, Kreuzer M, Mallone S, Nyberg F, Pohlabeln H, Ferro G, Boffetta P. A multicenter case-control study of diet and lung cancer among non-smokers. Cancer Causes Control 2000 Jan;11(1):49-58. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10680729&dopt;=Abstract

Burguera JL, Villasmil LM, Burguera M, Carrero P, Rondon C, de Abel de la Cruz AM, Brunetto MR, Gallignani M. Gastric tissue selenium levels in healthy persons, cancer and non-cancer patients with different kinds of mucosal damage. J Trace Elem Med Biol 1995 Oct;9(3):160-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8605605&dopt;=Abstract

Burn J, Chapman PD, Bishop DT, Mathers J. Diet and cancer prevention: the concerted action polyp prevention (CAPP) studies. Proc Nutr Soc 1998 May;57(2):183-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9656319&dopt;=Abstract

Campbell MK, Demark-Wahnefried W, Symons M, Kalsbeek WD, Dodds J, Cowan A, Jackson B, Motsinger B, Hoben K, Lashley J, Demissie S, McClelland JW. Fruit and vegetable consumption and prevention of cancer: the Black Churches United for Better Health project. Am J Public Health 1999 Sep;89(9):1390-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10474558&dopt;=Abstract

Cancer Prevention Study II. The American Cancer Society Prospective Study. Stat Bull Metrop Insur Co 1992 Oct-Dec;73(4):21-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1475748&dopt;=Abstract

Castro FG, Elder J, Coe K, Tafoya-Barraza HM, Moratto S, Campbell N, Talavera G. Mobilizing churches for health promotion in Latino communities: Companeros en la Salud. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1995;(18):127-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8562213&dopt;=Abstract

Cattaruzza MS, Maisonneuve P, Boyle P. Epidemiology of laryngeal cancer. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1996 Sep;32B(5):293-305. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8944832&dopt;=Abstract

Cerhan JR. New epidemiologic leads in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the elderly: the role of blood transfusion and diet. Biomed Pharmacother 1997;51(5):200-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9247016&dopt;=Abstract

Challier B, Perarnau JM, Viel JF. Garlic, onion and cereal fibre as protective factors for breast cancer: a French case-control study. Eur J Epidemiol 1998 Dec;14(8):737-47. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9928867&dopt;=Abstract

Chan JM, Giovannucci E, Andersson SO, Yuen J, Adami HO, Wolk A. Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control 1998 Dec;9(6):559-66. Comments in: Cancer Causes Control 1998 Dec;9(6):541-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10189041&dopt;=Abstract

Chan JM, Stampfer MJ, Ma J, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Supplemental vitamin E intake and prostate cancer risk in a large cohort of men in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999 Oct;8(10):893-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10548318&dopt;=Abstract

Christen WG, Gaziano JM, Hennekens CH. Design of Physicians' Health Study II--a randomized trial of beta-carotene, vitamins E and C, and multivitamins, in prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and eye disease, and review of results of completed trials. Ann Epidemiol 2000 Feb;10(2):125-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10691066&dopt;=Abstract

Coates RJ, Uhler RJ, Hall HI, Potischman N, Brinton LA, Ballard-Barbash R, Gammon MD, Brogan DR, Daling JR, Malone KE, Schoenberg JB, Swanson CA. Risk of breast cancer in young women in relation to body size and weight gain in adolescence and early adulthood. Br J Cancer 1999 Sep;81(1):167-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10487629&dopt;=Abstract

Colditz GA, Frazier AL. Models of breast cancer show that risk is set by events of early life: prevention efforts must shift focus. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1995 Jul-Aug;4(5):567-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7549816&dopt;=Abstract

Colditz GA, Gortmaker SL. Cancer prevention strategies for the future: risk identification and preventive intervention. Milbank Q 1995;73(4):621-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7491102&dopt;=Abstract

Cotugna N, Subar AF, Heimendinger J, Kahle L. Nutrition and cancer prevention knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and practices: the 1987 National Health Interview Survey. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Aug;92(8):963-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1640040&dopt;=Abstract

Cox RH, Parker GG, Watson AC, Robinson SH, Simonson CJ, Elledge JC, Diggs S, Smith E. Dietary cancer risk of low-income women and change with intervention. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Sep;95(9):1031-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7657907&dopt;=Abstract

Crawford ED, DeAntoni EP, Ross CA. The role of prostate-specific antigen in the chemoprevention of prostate cancer. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1996;25:149-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9027612&dopt;=Abstract

D'Avanzo B, Ron E, La Vecchia C, Francaschi S, Negri E, Zleglar R. Selected micronutrient intake and thyroid carcinoma risk. Cancer 1997 Jun 1;79(11):2186-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9179066&dopt;=Abstract

Day GL, Blot WJ, Austin DF, Bernstein L, Greenberg RS, Preston-Martin S, Schoenberg JB, Winn DM, McLaughlin JK, Fraumeni JF Jr. Racial differences in risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer: alcohol, tobacco, and other determinants. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993 Mar 17;85(6):465-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8445674&dopt;=Abstract

De Waard F. Preventive intervention in breast cancer, but when? Eur J Cancer Prev 1992 Oct;1(6):395-9. Comments in: Eur J Cancer Prev 1993 May;2(3):283-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1463995&dopt;=Abstract

Dreosti IE. Nutrition, cancer, and aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998 Nov 20;854:371-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9928445&dopt;=Abstract

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Fernandez E, Chatenoud L, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S. Fish consumption and cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Jul;70(1):85-90. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10393143&dopt;=Abstract

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Garland M, Morris JS, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Spate VL, Baskett CK, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Willett WC, Hunter DJ. Prospective study of toenail selenium levels and cancer among women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995 Apr 5;87(7):497-505. Comments in: J Natl Cancer Inst 1995 Apr 5;87(7):473-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7707436&dopt;=Abstract

Gerber M, Segala C. Aging and cancer: plasma antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in young and aged breast cancer patients. EXS 1992;62:235-46. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1450589&dopt;=Abstract

Gerhardsson de Verdier M. Physical activity in the prevention and management of cancer. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997;82:240-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9270326&dopt;=Abstract

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Gridley G, McLaughlin JK, Block G, Blot WJ, Gluch M, Fraumeni JF Jr. Vitamin supplement use and reduced risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1992 May 15;135(10):1083-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1632421&dopt;=Abstract

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Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P, Roussel AM, Arnaud J, Richard MJ, Malvy D, Paul-Dauphin A, Briancon S, Favier A. Background and rationale behind the SU.VI.MAX Study, a prevention trial using nutritional doses of a combination of antioxidant vitamins and minerals to reduce cardiovascular diseases and cancers. SUpplementation en VItamines et Mineraux AntioXydants Study. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1998;68(1):3-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9503043&dopt;=Abstract

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Session V. D. Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention of Cancer

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American Cancer Society [homepage on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): The Society; [modified 2000 Apr 22; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.cancer.org/

American Institute for Cancer Research [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Institute; [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.aicr.org/

Cancer Prevention and Control [homepage on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); [modified 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/

CancerNet [retrieval system on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); [modified 2000 Apr; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Cancer prevention. Available from: http://cancernet.nci.nih.gov/prevention/prevention.shtml

Food choices to help reduce your risk of cancer [monograph on the Internet]. Leawood (KS): American Academy of Family Physicians; [modified 1999 Feb 25; cited 2000 Apr 14]. [1 p.]. Available from: http://familydoctor.org/handouts/301.html

Holmes MD, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Hankinson SE, Speizer FE, Rosner B, Willett WC. Association of dietary intake of fat and fatty acids with risk of breast cancer. JAMA [serial on the Internet] 1999 Mar 10 [cited 2000 Apr 24];281:914-20. Available from: http://www.ama-assn.org/special/womh/library/readroom/vol_281b/joc81342.htm

Institute of Medicine (US), Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoid [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 2000 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. Chapter 2, Vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and ß-carotene and other carotenoids: overview, antioxidant definition, and relationship to chronic disease; p. 35-57. Available from: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309069351/html/35.html#pagetop

National Cancer Institute (US), Nutrition Implementation Group. New directions for nutritional research at the National Cancer Institute [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US), Division of Cancer Prevention; 1999 Nov [modified 2000 Feb 11; cited 2000 Apr 17]. Available from: http://dcp.nci.nih.gov/reports/nutrition/

Questions and answers: the Polyp Prevention Trial and the Wheat Bran Fiber Study [press release on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2000 Apr 19 [cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/apr2000/nci-19a.htm

Rockhill B, Willett WC, Hunter DJ, Manson JE, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA. A prospective study of recreational physical activity and breast cancer risk. Arch Intern Med [serial on the Internet] 1999 Oct 25 [cited 2000 Apr 24];159(19):2290-6. Available from: http://www.ama-assn.org/special/womh/library/readroom/arch99/ioi81152.htm

Selenium lowers incidence of lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); [modified 1999 Oct 28; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Available from: http://cancernet.nci.nih.gov/clinpdq/prevention/Selenium_Lowers_Incidence_of_Lung,_Colorectal,_and_Prostate_Cancers.html

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Session V. E. Nutrition and Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

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Aisenbrey JA. Exercise in the prevention and management of osteoporosis. Phys Ther 1987 Jul;67(7):1100-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3602105&dopt;=Abstract

Akesson K, Lau KH, Baylink DJ. Rationale for active vitamin D analog therapy in senile osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int 1997 Jan;60(1):100-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9030489&dopt;=Abstract

Albanese AA, Lorenze EJ Jr, Edelson AH, Tarlow A, Scala J, Whittam J, Wein EH, Carroll L. Calcium nutrition and skeletal and alveolar bone health. Nutr Rep Int 1985 Mar;31(3):741-55.

Allen SH. Primary osteoporosis. Methods to combat bone loss that accompanies aging. Postgrad Med 1993 Jun;93(8):43-6, 49-50, 53-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8506184&dopt;=Abstract

Aloia JF, Vaswani A, Yeh JK, Flaster E. Risk for osteoporosis in black women. Calcif Tissue Int 1996 Dec;59(6):415-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8939764&dopt;=Abstract

American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Osteoporosis and exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995 Apr;27(4):i-vii. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7791573&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson JJ, Metz JA. Contributions of dietary calcium and physical activity to primary prevention of osteoporosis in females. J Am Coll Nutr 1993 Aug;12(4):378-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8409099&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson JM. The female athlete triad: disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. Conn Med 1999 Nov;63(11):647-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10589144&dopt;=Abstract

Arnaud CD, Sanchez SD. The role of calcium in osteoporosis. Annu Rev Nutr 1990;10:397-414. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2200470&dopt;=Abstract

Avioli LV. Calcium and osteoporosis. Annu Rev Nutr 1984;4:471-91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6380541&dopt;=Abstract

Avioli LV. Hormonal alterations and osteoporotic syndromes. J Bone Miner Res 1993 Dec;8 Suppl 2:S511-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8122520&dopt;=Abstract

Avioli LV. Senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Adv Intern Med 1976;21:391-415. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=766591&dopt;=Abstract

Bales CW, Gold DT, Lyles KW, Drezner MK. Osteoporosis: A multidisciplinary program of prevention and therapy. Curr Top Nutr Dis 1989;21:251-5.

Baran DT. Magnitude and determinants of premenopausal bone loss. Osteoporos Int 1994;4 Suppl 1:31-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8081055&dopt;=Abstract

Baran DT. Osteoporosis: monitoring techniques and alternate therapies. Calcitonin, fluoride, bisphosphonates, vitamin D. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1994 Jun;21(2):321-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7936547&dopt;=Abstract

Bayles CM, Cochran K, Anderson C. The psychosocial aspects of osteoporosis in women. Nurs Clin North Am 2000 Mar;35(1):279-86. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10673581&dopt;=Abstract

Behari J. Biophysical parameters affecting osteoporosis. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 1994;22(2):69-137. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7587221&dopt;=Abstract

Bendich A, Leader S, Muhuri P. Supplemental calcium for the prevention of hip fracture: potential health-economic benefits. Clin Ther 1999 Jun;21(6):1058-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10440627&dopt;=Abstract

Berard A, Bravo G, Gauthier P. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of physical activity for the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 1997;7(4):331-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9373566&dopt;=Abstract

Bikle DD. Role of vitamin D, its metabolites, and analogs in the management of osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1994 Aug;20(3):759-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7984788&dopt;=Abstract

Bilezikian JP. Current and future nonhormonal approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud 1996 Mar-Apr;41(2):148-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8829694&dopt;=Abstract

Binkley NC, Suttie JW. Vitamin K nutrition and osteoporosis. J Nutr 1995 Jul;125(7):1812-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7616295&dopt;=Abstract

Birge SJ. Osteoporosis and hip fracture. Clin Geriatr Med 1993 Feb;9(1):69-86. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8443741&dopt;=Abstract

Blair SN, Horton E, Leon AS, Lee IM, Drinkwater BL, Dishman RK, Mackey M, Kienholz ML. Physical activity, nutrition, and chronic disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996 Mar;28(3):335-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8776222&dopt;=Abstract

Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Geusens P, Bouillon R. Age-associated endocrine deficiencies as potential determinants of femoral neck (type II) osteoporotic fracture occurrence in elderly men. Int J Androl 1997 Jun;20(3):134-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9354182&dopt;=Abstract

Bowman MA, Spangler JG. Osteoporosis in women. Prim Care 1997 Mar;24(1):27-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9016728&dopt;=Abstract

Breslau NA. Calcium, estrogen, and progestin in the treatment of osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1994 Aug;20(3):691-716. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7984785&dopt;=Abstract

Bryant RJ, Cadogan J, Weaver CM. The new dietary reference intakes for calcium: implications for osteoporosis. J Am Coll Nutr 1999 Oct;18(5 Suppl):406S-412S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10511321&dopt;=Abstract

Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney RP, editors. Nutritional aspects of osteoporosis. New York: Springer; c1998. 336 p.

Castelo-Branco C, Pons F, Vicente JJ, Sanjuan A, Vanrell JA. Preventing postmenopausal bone loss with ossein-hydroxyapatite compounds. Results of a two-year, prospective trial. J Reprod Med 1999 Jul;44(7):601-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10442322&dopt;=Abstract

Center J, Beange H, McElduff A. People with mental retardation have an increased prevalence of osteoporosis: A population study. Am J Ment Retard 1998;103(1):19-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9678227&dopt;=Abstract

Chesnut CH 3d. Do we have any alternative to sex steroids in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis? Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1991 Dec;5(4):857-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1822823&dopt;=Abstract

Christiansen C. Proceedings of a symposium: Consensus development conference on osteoporosis, 1993 Apr 1-2, Hong Kong. Am J Med 1993 Nov 30;95(5A):1S-78S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8256786&dopt;=Abstract

Cumming RG, Nevitt MC. Calcium for prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 1997 Sep;12(9):1321-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9286747&dopt;=Abstract

Cummings SR, Kelsey JL, Nevitt MC, O'Dowd KJ. Epidemiology of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Epidemiol Rev 1985;7:178-208. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3902494&dopt;=Abstract

Dalsky GP. The role of exercise in the prevention of osteoporosis. Compr Ther 1989 Sep;15(9):30-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2676332&dopt;=Abstract

Daly PA. Office management of osteoporosis: a guide for the primary care provider. Compr Ther 1995 Oct;21(10):565-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8565424&dopt;=Abstract

Danielson ME, Cauley JA, Baker CE, Newman AB, Dorman JS, Towers JD, Kuller LH. Familial resemblance of bone mineral density (BMD) and calcaneal ultrasound attenuation: the BMD in mothers and daughters study. J Bone Miner Res 1999 Jan;14(1):102-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9893071&dopt;=Abstract

Dechant KL, Goa KL. Calcitriol. A review of its use in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and its potential in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. Drugs Aging 1994 Oct;5(4):300-17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7827399&dopt;=Abstract

Diddle AW, Smith IQ. Postmenopausal osteoporosis: the role of estrogens. South Med J 1984 Jul;77(7):868-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6377508&dopt;=Abstract

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Swaminathan R. Nutritional factors in osteoporosis. Int J Clin Pract 1999 Oct-Nov;53(7):540-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10692741&dopt;=Abstract

Tonino RP. Ultrasound and alendronate: new tools for osteoporosis screening and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med 1998 Sep;65(8):398-401. Comments in: Cleve Clin J Med 1998 Sep;65(8):403. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9769559&dopt;=Abstract

Ulrich CM, Georgiou CC, Gillis DE, Snow CM. Lifetime physical activity is associated with bone mineral density in premenopausal women. J Womens Health 1999 Apr;8(3):365-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10326991&dopt;=Abstract

Voss LA, Fadale PD, Hulstyn MJ. Exercise-induced loss of bone density in athletes. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1998 Nov-Dec;6(6):349-57. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9826418&dopt;=Abstract

Wardlaw GM. Putting osteoporosis in perspective. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Sep;93(9):1000-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8360403&dopt;=Abstract

Wark JD. Osteoporotic fractures: background and prevention strategies. Maturitas 1996 Mar;23(2):193-207. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8735357&dopt;=Abstract

Watts NB. Osteoporosis. Am Fam Physician 1988 Nov;38(5):193-207. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3055905&dopt;=Abstract

Weaver CM, Peacock M, Johnston CC Jr. Adolescent nutrition in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999 Jun;84(6):1839-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10372671&dopt;=Abstract

Weber P. The role of vitamins in the prevention of osteoporosis--a brief status report. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1999 May;69(3):194-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10389027&dopt;=Abstract

Wingate MB. Postmenopausal osteoporosis: concerns and costs in clinical management. J Med 1984;15(4):323-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6396361&dopt;=Abstract

Wolff I, van Croonenborg JJ, Kemper HC, Kostense PJ, Twisk JW. The effect of exercise training programs on bone mass: a meta-analysis of published controlled trials in pre- and postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 1999;9(1):1-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10367023&dopt;=Abstract

Woolf AD, Dixon AS. Osteoporosis. An update on management. Drugs 1984 Dec;28(6):565-76. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6394266&dopt;=Abstract

Ybarra J, Ade R, Romeo JH. Osteoporosis in men: a review. Nurs Clin North Am 1996 Dec;31(4):805-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8969340&dopt;=Abstract

Yeater RA, Martin RB. Senile osteoporosis. The effects of exercise. Postgrad Med 1984 Feb 1;75(2):147-59, 163. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6364083&dopt;=Abstract

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Session V. F. Internet Sites on Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

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AOAnet [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Osteopathic Association; c2000 [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 22]. Osteoporosis: the silent disease; [2 p.]. Available from: http://www.am-osteo-assn.org/Consumers/osteoporosis.htm

Arns S. Case history: osteoporosis [monograph on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Medical Association; 1999 Nov 12 [cited 2000 Apr 22]. Available from: http://www.ama-assn.org/insight/spec_con/crossrds/rpc/osteo.htm

Exercise and bone health. NIH ORBD~NRC News [serial on the Internet] 1999 Mar [modified 2000 Mar 02; cited 2000 Apr 22];1(1):[6 p.]. Available from: http://www.osteo.org/199901news.html

Glock M, Shanahan KA, McGowan JA, compilers. Osteoporosis [bibliography on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2000 Mar [cited 2000 Apr 18]. January 1995 through December 1999; 2449 Citations. (Current bibliographies in medicine; 2000-2). Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/osteoporosis.html

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutrition Services for Medicare Beneficiaries. The role of nutrition in maintaining health in the nation's elderly [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; c1999 [cited 2000 Apr 22]. Chapter 8, Osteoporosis; p. 115-22. Available from: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309068460/html/115.html#pagetop

IOF: International Osteoporosis Foundation [homepage on the Internet]. Lyon (France): The Foundation; [modified 2000 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Available from: http://www.osteofound.org/

MEDLINEplus [retrieval system on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [updated 2000 Apr 7; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Osteoporosis. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/osteoporosis.html

National Institututes of Health, Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases, National Resource Center [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Center; [modified 2000 Mar 2; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Osteoporosis. Available from: http://www.osteo.org/osteolinks.html

National Osteoporosis Foundation [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Foundation; c2000 [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 22]. Available from: http://www.nof.org/

NICHD Public Information and Communications Branch. Childhood and adolescent nutrition: why milk matters now for children and teens [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US); [modified 2000 Apr 11; cited 2000 Apr 20]. [3 p.]. Available from: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/milk/milk_fact.htm

Optimal calcium intake. NIH Consens Statement Online [serial on the Internet] 1994 Jun 6-8 [cited 2000 Apr 17];12(4):1-31. Available from: http://odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/cons/097/097_statement.htm

Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis and therapy. NIH Consens Statement Online [serial on the Internet] 2000 Mar 27-29 [cited 2000 Apr 17];17(2):1-34. Available from: http://odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/cons/111/111_statement.htm

Vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of hip fracture in older women [press release on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Aging (US); 1999 Apr 27 [cited 2000 Apr 22]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov:80/nia/new/press/VitaminD.htm

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Session V. G. Nutrition and Physical Activity Issues Related to Cognitive Function/Decline

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Abalan F. Alzheimer's disease and malnutrition: a new etiological hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 1984 Dec;15(4):385-93. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6241289&dopt;=Abstract

Abalan F. Primer in folic acid: folates and neuropsychiatry [editorial]. Nutrition 1999 Jul-Aug;15(7-8):595-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10422095&dopt;=Abstract

Ban TA. Nicotinic acid and psychiatry. Can Psychiatr Assoc J 1971 Oct;16(5):413-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4948811&dopt;=Abstract

Bauer J, Plaschke K, Martin E, Bardenheuer HJ, Hoyer S. Causes and consequences of neuronal energy deficit in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1997 Sep 26;826:379-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9329707&dopt;=Abstract

Beal MF. Does impairment of energy metabolism result in excitotoxic neuronal death in neurodegenerative illnesses? Ann Neurol 1992 Feb;31(2):119-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1349466&dopt;=Abstract

Beal MF. Energy, oxidative damage, and Alzheimer's disease: clues to the underlying puzzle. Neurobiol Aging 1994;15 Suppl 2:S171-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7700446&dopt;=Abstract

Bender DA. Tryptophan and niacin nutrition--is there a problem? Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;398:565-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8906326&dopt;=Abstract

Berlinger WG, Potter JF. Low body mass index in demented outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39(10):973-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1918784&dopt;=Abstract

Blass JP, Zemcov A. Alzheimer's disease. A metabolic systems degeneration? Neurochem Pathol 1984 Summer;2(2):103-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6544385&dopt;=Abstract

Bowen DM, Davison AN. Biochemical studies of nerve cells and energy metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Br Med Bull 1986 Jan;42(1):75-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2869819&dopt;=Abstract

Bowling AC, Beal MF. Bioenergetic and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Life Sci 1995;56(14):1151-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7475893&dopt;=Abstract

Buchner DM, Beresford SA, Larson EB, LaCroix AZ, Wagner EH. Effects of physical activity on health status in older adults. II. Intervention studies. Annu Rev Public Health 1992;13:469-88. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1599599&dopt;=Abstract

Burke JR, Morgenlander JC. Update on Alzheimer's disease. Promising advances in detection and treatment. Postgrad Med 1999 Oct 15;106(5):85-6, 89-90, 93-4 passim. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10560470&dopt;=Abstract

Butters N. The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a review of psychological, neuropathological and etiological factors. Curr Alcohol 1981;8:205-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6806017&dopt;=Abstract

Butters N, Brandt J. The continuity hypothesis: the relationship of long-term alcoholism to the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Recent Dev Alcohol 1985;3:207-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3883444&dopt;=Abstract

Chazot G, Broussolle E. Alterations in trace elements during brain aging and in Alzheimer's dementia. Prog Clin Biol Res 1993;380:269-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8456130&dopt;=Abstract

Chen M, Fernandez HL. The Alzheimer's plaques, tangles and memory deficits may have a common origin. Part V: why is Ca2+ signal lower in the disease? Front Biosci 1999 Apr 1;4:A9-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10099137&dopt;=Abstract

Chodzko-Zajko WJ. Physical fitness, cognitive performance, and aging. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991 Jul;23(7):868-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1921681&dopt;=Abstract

Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Moore KA. Physical fitness and cognitive functioning in aging. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1994;22:195-220. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7925543&dopt;=Abstract

Cohen D. Dementia, depression, and nutritional status. Prim Care 1994 Mar;21(1):107-19. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8197249&dopt;=Abstract

Connolly KJ, Kvalsvig JD. Infection, nutrition and cognitive performance in children. Parasitology 1993;107 Suppl:S187-200. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8115183&dopt;=Abstract

Costello RB, Moser-Veillon PB. A review of magnesium intake in the elderly. A cause for concern? Magnes Res 1992 Mar;5(1):61-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1591145&dopt;=Abstract

Crawford JG. Alzheimer's disease risk factors as related to cerebral blood flow. Med Hypotheses 1996 Apr;46(4):367-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8733167&dopt;=Abstract

Davenport JY. Dementia: a brief review. J Fla Med Assoc 1980 Sep;67(9):851-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6997431&dopt;=Abstract

Diesfeldt HFA, Diesfeldt-Groenendijk H. Improving cognitive performance in psychogeriatric patients: the influence of physical exercise. Age Ageing 1977 Feb;6(1):58-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=842406&dopt;=Abstract

Dinsmore ST. Treatment options for Alzheimer's disease. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1999 Sep;99(9 Suppl):S6-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10730506&dopt;=Abstract

Durany N, Munch G, Michel T, Riederer P. Investigations on oxidative stress and therapeutical implications in dementia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999;249 Suppl 3:68-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10654103&dopt;=Abstract

Durlach J, Bac P, Durlach V, Durlach A, Bara M, Guiet-Bara A. Are age-related neurodegenerative diseases linked with various types of magnesium depletion? Magnes Res 1997 Dec;10(4):339-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9513930&dopt;=Abstract

Elward K, Larson EB. Benefits of exercise for older adults. A review of existing evidence and current recommendations for the general population. Clin Geriatr Med 1992 Feb;8(1):35-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1576579&dopt;=Abstract

Ferrario E, Molaschi M, Cappa G, Seccia L, et al. Nutritional patterns in elderly patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 1996;5:23-7.

Fioravanti M, Ferario E, Massaia M, Cappa G, Rivolta G, Grossi E, Buckley AE. Low folate levels in the cognitive decline of elderly patients and the efficacy of folate as a treatment for improving memory deficits. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1997;26(1):1-13.

Forstl H. The Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease: clinical, pathophysiological and conceptual issues. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999;249 Suppl 3:64-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10654102&dopt;=Abstract

Fujita T. Aging and calcium. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1986;12(3):149-56. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2425238&dopt;=Abstract

Gautrin D, Gauthier S. Alzheimer's disease: environmental factors and etiologic hypotheses. Can J Neurol Sci 1989 Nov;16(4):375-87. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2680002&dopt;=Abstract

Gibson G, Martins R, Blass J, Gandy S. Altered oxidation and signal transduction systems in fibroblasts from Alzheimer patients. Life Sci 1996;59(5-6):477-89. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8761336&dopt;=Abstract

Glick JL. Use of magnesium in the management of dementias. Med Sci Res 1990;18(21):831-3.

Goodwin JS. Social, psychological and physical factors affecting the nutritional status of elderly subjects: separating cause and effect. Am J Clin Nutr 1989 Nov;50(5 Suppl):1201-9; discussion 1231-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2683730&dopt;=Abstract

Gray GE. Nutrition and dementia. J Am Diet Assoc 1989 Dec;89(12):1795-802. Comments in: J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Aug;90(8):1055. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2687349&dopt;=Abstract

Grinblat J. Folate status in the aged. Clin Geriatr Med 1985 Nov;1(4):711-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3913517&dopt;=Abstract

Hendrie HC. Epidemiology of dementia and alzheimer's disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 1998 Spring;6(2 Suppl 1):S3-18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9581216&dopt;=Abstract

Hoyer S. Models of Alzheimer's disease: cellular and molecular aspects. J Neural Transm Suppl 1997;49:11-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9266410&dopt;=Abstract

Hoyer S. Sporadic dementia of Alzheimer type: role of amyloid in etiology is challenged. J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect 1993;6(3):159-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8123189&dopt;=Abstract

Itil T, Martorano D. Natural substances in psychiatry (Ginkgo biloba in dementia). Psychopharmacol Bull 1995;31(1):147-58. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7675979&dopt;=Abstract

Keller C, Fullerton J, Fleury J. Primary and secondary prevention strategies among older postmenopausal women. J Nurse Midwifery 1998 Jul-Aug;43(4):262-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9718881&dopt;=Abstract

Launer LJ, Kalmijn S. Anti-oxidants and cognitive function: a review of clinical and epidemiologic studies. J Neural Transm Suppl 1998;53:1-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9700641&dopt;=Abstract

Leathwood PD, Schlosser B. Phosphatidylcholine, choline and cholinergic function. Int J Vitam Nutr Res Suppl 1986;29:49-67. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3084676&dopt;=Abstract

Lieberman HR, Abou-Nader TM. Possible dietary strategies to reduce cognitive deficits in old age. Prog Brain Res 1986;70:461-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2883705&dopt;=Abstract

Lynch MA. Age-related impairment in long-term potentiation in hippocampus: a role for the cytokine, interleukin-1 beta? Prog Neurobiol 1998 Dec;56(5):571-89. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9775404&dopt;=Abstract

Marcus DL, Freedman ML. Folic acid deficiency in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985 Aug;33(8):552-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3894487&dopt;=Abstract

Martin DC. B12 and folate deficiency dementia. Clin Geriatr Med 1988 Nov;4(4):841-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3066463&dopt;=Abstract

McCaddon A, Kelly CL. Alzheimer's disease: a 'cobalaminergic' hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 1992 Mar;37(3):161-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1350050&dopt;=Abstract

Molaschi M, Ponzetto M, Bertagna B, Berrino E, et al. Determination of selected trace elements in patients affected by dementia. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 1996;5:39-42.

Nelson J, Gutmann L. Dementia: an overview. W V Med J 1982 Sep;78(9):219-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6216667&dopt;=Abstract

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Newman PE. Could diet be used to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease? Med Hypotheses 1998 Apr;50(4):335-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9690770&dopt;=Abstract

Nourhashemi F, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Andrieu S, Ghisolfi A, Ousset PJ, Grandjean H, Grand A, Pous J, Vellas B, Albarede JL. Alzheimer disease: protective factors. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Feb;71(2):S643-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10681273&dopt;=Abstract

Oken BS, Storzbach DM, Kaye JA. The efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 1998;55(11):1409-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9823823&dopt;=Abstract

Osuntokun BO. The effects of malnutrition on the development of cognitive functions of the nervous system in childhood. Trop Geogr Med 1972 Dec;24(4):311-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4630766&dopt;=Abstract

Osuntokun BO. Protein-calorie malnutrition and intellect in childhood: A review. Afr J Med Sci 1973 Jul;4(2):327-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4201366&dopt;=Abstract

Ott BR, Owens NJ. Complementary and alternative medicines for alzheimer's disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1998 Winter;11(4):163-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10230994&dopt;=Abstract

Palleschi L, Vetta F, De Gennaro E, Idone G, et al. Effect of aerobic training on the cognitive performance of elderly patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 1996;5:47-50.

Parnetti L, Bottiglieri T, Lowenthal D. Role of homocysteine in age-related vascular and non-vascular diseases. Aging (Milano) 1997 Aug;9(4):241-57. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9359935&dopt;=Abstract

Pitchumoni SS, Doraiswamy PM. Current status of antioxidant therapy for Alzheimer's Disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998 Dec;46(12):1566-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9848820&dopt;=Abstract

Poehlman ET, Dvorak RV. Energy expenditure, energy intake, and weight loss in Alzheimer disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Feb;71(2):S650-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10681274&dopt;=Abstract

Post SG. Future scenarios for the prevention and delay of Alzheimer disease onset in high-risk groups. An ethical perspective. Am J Prev Med 1999 Feb;16(2):105-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10343886&dopt;=Abstract

Riedel WJ, Jorissen BL. Nutrients, age and cognitive function. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 1998 Nov;1(6):579-85. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10565413&dopt;=Abstract

Rosenberg IH, Miller JW. Nutritional factors in physical and cognitive functions of elderly people. Am J Clin Nutr 1992 Jun;55(6 Suppl):S1237-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1590263&dopt;=Abstract

Rudman D, Cohan ME. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and the health of the elderly. World Rev Nutr Diet 1991;66:143-60. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2053334&dopt;=Abstract

Salvioli G, Ventura P, Pradelli JM. Impact of nutrition on cognition and affectivity in the elderly: A review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl 1998;6:459-68.

Samos LF, Roos BA. Diabetes mellitus in older persons. Med Clin North Am 1998 Jul;82(4):791-803. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9706121&dopt;=Abstract

Saracaceanu E, Tramoni AV, Henry JM. An association between subcortical dementia and pernicious anemia--a psychiatric mask. Compr Psychiatry 1997 Nov-Dec;38(6):349-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9406742&dopt;=Abstract

Selhub J, Bagley LC, Miller J, Rosenberg IH. B vitamins, homocysteine, and neurocognitive function in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Feb;71(2):S614-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10681269&dopt;=Abstract

Shore D, Wyatt RJ. Aluminum and Alzheimer's disease. J Nerv Ment Dis 1983 Sep;171(9):553-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6350535&dopt;=Abstract

Shulman R. The present status of vitamin B 12 and folic acid deficiency in psychiatric illness. Can Psychiatr Assoc J 1972 Jun;17(3):205-16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4564461&dopt;=Abstract

Stabler SP. Vitamin B12 deficiency in older people: improving diagnosis and preventing disability [editorial]. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998 Oct;46(10):1317-9. Comments on: J Am Geriatr Soc 1998 Oct;46(10):1199-206. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9777920&dopt;=Abstract

Swain R. An update of vitamin B12 metabolism and deficiency states. J Fam Pract 1995 Dec;41(6):595-600. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7500070&dopt;=Abstract

Taylor CB, Sallis JF, Needle R. The relation of physical activity and exercise to mental health. Public Health Rep 1985 Mar-Apr;100(2):195-202. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3920718&dopt;=Abstract

Thompson WG, Freedman ML. Vitamin B12 and geriatrics: unanswered questions. Acta Haematol 1989;82(4):169-74. Comments in: Acta Haematol 1990;84(2):108. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2511717&dopt;=Abstract

van Goor L, Woiski MD, Lagaay AM, Meinders AE, Tak PP. Review: cobalamin deficiency and mental impairment in elderly people. Age Ageing 1995 Nov;24(6):536-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8588547&dopt;=Abstract

Vatassery GT, Bauer T, Dysken M. High doses of vitamin E in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system in the aged. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Nov;70(5):793-801. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10539737&dopt;=Abstract

Vogler BK, Pittler MH, Ernst E. The efficacy of ginseng. A systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999 Oct;55(8):567-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10541774&dopt;=Abstract

von Schenck U, Bender-Gotze C, Koletzko B. Persistence of neurological damage induced by dietary vitamin B-12 deficiency in infancy. Arch Dis Child 1997 Aug;77(2):137-9. Comments in: Arch Dis Child 1998 Apr;78(4):398-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9301352&dopt;=Abstract

Wolf-Klein GP, Silverstone FA. Weight loss in Alzheimer's disease: an international review of the literature. Int Psychogeriatr 1994 Fall;6(2):135-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7865701&dopt;=Abstract

Wood JL, Allison RG. Effects of consumption of choline and lecithin on neurological and cardiovascular systems. Fed Proc 1982 Dec;41(14):3015-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6754453&dopt;=Abstract

Wynn M, Wynn A. The danger of B12 deficiency in the elderly. Nutr Health 1998;12(4):215-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9836201&dopt;=Abstract

Ying W. Deleterious network: a testable pathogenetic concept of Alzheimer's disease. Gerontology 1997;43(4):242-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9222753&dopt;=Abstract

Zec RF. The neuropsychology of aging. Exp Gerontol 1995 May-Aug;30(3-4):431-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7556520&dopt;=Abstract

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Session V. H. Internet Sites on Nutrition Issues Related to Cognitive Function/Decline

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Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): The Association; [updated 2000 Mar 22; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Alternative treatments. Available from: http://www.alz.org/hc/treatment/alternative.htm

Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral (ADEAR) Center [homepage on the Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): The Center; 1999 Sep 15 [modified 2000 Mar 22; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Alzheimer's disease research update. Blueberries: new thrills for those over the hill. Available from: http://www.alzheimers.org/nianews/nianews23.html

Mental health: a report of the Surgeon General [monograph on the Internet]. Rockville (MD): Department of Health and Human Services (U.S.); 1999 [modified 1999 Dec 12; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Chapter 5, Older adults and mental health. Available from: http://www.osophs.dhhs.gov/library/mentalhealth/chapter5/sec1.html

NIH awards multicenter study on Ginkgo Biloba for dementia [press release on the Internet]. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institute on Aging. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US); 1999 Sep 30 [modified 2000 Mar 22; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://nccam.nih.gov/nccam/ne/press-releases/093099b.html

The protective role of antioxidants in the aging process [monograph on the Internet]. LaGrange (IL): VERIS Research Information Service; [modified 1999 Dec 23; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.veris-online.org/agingrsh.htm

Questions and answers on launch of NIA Memory Impairment Study [press release on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Aging (US); 1999 Mar 15 [cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/nia/new/press/MCIqavc.htm

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Session V. I. Malnutrition in an Aging Population

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Abbasi AA, Rudman D. Undernutrition in the nursing home: prevalence, consequences, causes and prevention. Nutr Rev 1994 Apr;52(4):113-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8028816&dopt;=Abstract

Allen RH, Lindenbaum J, Stabler SP. High prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in the elderly. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 1995;107:37-45; discussion 45-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8725558&dopt;=Abstract

Allen RH, Stabler SP, Savage DG, Lindenbaum J. Metabolic abnormalities in cobalamin (vitamin B12) and folate deficiency. FASEB J 1993 Nov;7(14):1344-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7901104&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson KE. Influences of diet and nutrition on clinical pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacokinet 1988 Jun;14(6):325-46. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3135137&dopt;=Abstract

Anding R. Nutrition support for the critically ill older patient. Crit Care Nurs Q 1996 Aug;19(2):13-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8718042&dopt;=Abstract

Austin JE, Hitt C. Nutrition intervention in the United States: cases and concepts. Cambridge (MA): Ballinger Pub. Co.; 1979. 387 p.

Baik HW, Russell RM. Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly. Annu Rev Nutr 1999;19:357-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10448529&dopt;=Abstract

Barrett-Connor E. The RDA for calcium in the elderly: too little, too late. Calcif Tissue Int 1989 May;44(5):303-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2540889&dopt;=Abstract

Barrocas A, Belcher D, Champagne C, Jastram C. Nutrition assessment practical approaches. Clin Geriatr Med 1995 Nov;11(4):675-713. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8556695&dopt;=Abstract

Barrocas A, Craig LD, Foltz MB. Nutrition support, supplementation, and replacement. Prim Care 1994 Mar;21(1):149-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8197252&dopt;=Abstract

Bass MA, Wakefield LM. Nutrient intake and food patterns of Indians on Standing Rock Reservation. J Am Diet Assoc 1974 Jan;64(1):36-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4808793&dopt;=Abstract

Bastow MD. Anthropometrics revisited. Proc Nutr Soc 1982 Sep;41(3):381-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6817334&dopt;=Abstract

Bates CJ. Human riboflavin requirements, and metabolic consequences of deficiency in man and animals. World Rev Nutr Diet 1987;50:215-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3300051&dopt;=Abstract

Beaumont DM, James OF. Aspects of nutrition in the elderly. Clin Gastroenterol 1985 Oct;14(4):811-27. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3910309&dopt;=Abstract

Bikle DD. The vitamin D endocrine system. Adv Intern Med 1982;27:45-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7041549&dopt;=Abstract

Blumberg J. Nutritional needs of seniors. J Am Coll Nutr 1997 Dec;16(6):517-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9430078&dopt;=Abstract

Boucher BJ. Inadequate vitamin D status: does it contribute to the disorders comprising syndrome 'X'? Br J Nutr 1998 Apr;79(4):315-27. Published erratum appears in Br J Nutr 1998 Dec;80(6):585. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9624222&dopt;=Abstract

Bowman BB, Rosenberg IH. Assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 1982 May;35(5 Suppl):1142-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7044094&dopt;=Abstract

Broquist HP, Borum PR. Carnitine biosynthesis: nutritional implications. Adv Nutr Res 1982;4:181-204. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6801934&dopt;=Abstract

Buchman AL. Vitamin supplementation in the elderly: a critical evaluation. Gastroenterologist 1996 Dec;4(4):262-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8957099&dopt;=Abstract

Bunce GE. Nutrition and cataract. Nutr Rev 1979 Nov;37(11):337-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=394034&dopt;=Abstract

Carethers M. Diagnosing vitamin B12 deficiency, a common geriatric disorder. Geriatrics 1988 Mar;43(3):89-94, 105-7, 111-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3277892&dopt;=Abstract

Carmel R. Cobalamin, the stomach, and aging. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Oct;66(4):750-9. Comments in: Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Apr;67(4):739-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9322548&dopt;=Abstract

Carney EA, Russell RM. Correlation of dark adaptation test results with serum vitamin A levels in diseased adults. J Nutr 1980 Mar;110(3):552-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7359223&dopt;=Abstract

Casper RC. Nutrition and its relationship to aging. Exp Gerontol 1995 May-Aug;30(3-4):299-314. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7556509&dopt;=Abstract

Champagne MT, Ashley ML. Nutritional support in the critically ill elderly patient. Crit Care Nurs Q 1989 Jun;12(1):15-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2497932&dopt;=Abstract

Chandra S, Chandra RK. Nutrition, immune response, and outcome. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1986;10(1-2):1-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3097756&dopt;=Abstract

Chopra JG, Forbes AL, Habicht JP. Protein in the U.S. diet. J Am Diet Assoc 1978 Mar;72(3):253-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=344374&dopt;=Abstract

Chow CK. Vitamin E and blood. World Rev Nutr Diet 1985;45:133-66. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3887774&dopt;=Abstract

Chumlea WC, Vellas B, Guo SS. Malnutrition or healthy senescence. Proc Nutr Soc 1998 Nov;57(4):593-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10096121&dopt;=Abstract

Ciocon JO. Indications for tube feedings in elderly patients. Dysphagia 1990;5(1):1-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2118023&dopt;=Abstract

Costello RB, Moser-Veillon PB. A review of magnesium intake in the elderly. A cause for concern? Magnes Res 1992 Mar;5(1):61-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1591145&dopt;=Abstract

Coursin DB. Vitamin B6 and pantothenic acid. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1975;1(3):183-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=788035&dopt;=Abstract

Danford DE. Pica and nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr 1982;2:303-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6764733&dopt;=Abstract

Darby WJ, McNutt KW, Todhunter EN. Niacin. Nutr Rev 1975 Oct;33(10):289-97. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1105246&dopt;=Abstract

Davidhizar R, Dunn C. Malnutrition in the elderly. Home Healthc Nurse 1996 Dec;14(12):948-54; quiz 955-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9052073&dopt;=Abstract

Davies L. Nutrition and the elderly: identifying those at risk. Proc Nutr Soc 1984 Sep;43(3):295-302. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6393138&dopt;=Abstract

Davis RE. Clinical chemistry of folic acid. Adv Clin Chem 1986;25:233-94. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3087140&dopt;=Abstract

Davis RE, Icke GC. Clinical chemistry of thiamin. Adv Clin Chem 1983;23:93-140. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6398618&dopt;=Abstract

Driessens FC, Verbeeck RM. On the prevention and treatment of calcification disorders of old age. Med Hypotheses 1988 Mar;25(3):131-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3285142&dopt;=Abstract

Drinka PJ, Goodwin JS. Prevalence and consequences of vitamin deficiency in the nursing home: a critical review. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991 Oct;39(10):1008-17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1918773&dopt;=Abstract

Durlach J, Durlach V, Bac P, Rayssiguier Y, Bara M, Guiet-Bara A. Magnesium and ageing. II. Clinical data: aetiological mechanisms and pathophysiological consequences of magnesium deficit in the elderly. Magnes Res 1993 Dec;6(4):379-94. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8155490&dopt;=Abstract

Dwyer JT, Campbell D, editors. Screening older Americans' nutritional health: current practices and future possibilities. Washington (DC): Nutrition Screening Initiative; 1991. 136 p.

Estivariz CF, Ziegler TR. Nutrition and the insulin-like growth factor system. Endocrine 1997 Aug;7(1):65-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9449035&dopt;=Abstract

Finding and Fighting Malnutrition in the Elderly. Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Aging of the Senate Comm. on Labor and Human Resources, 102nd Cong., 2nd Sess. (1992 Feb 20).

Freedman ML. Nutritional supplements in the ambulatory geriatric population. Should they be recommended? Drugs Aging 1991 May;1(3):168-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1794014&dopt;=Abstract

Gershman K, Nielsen C. Prevention and screening in the nursing home. Prim Care 1995 Dec;22(4):731-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8668740&dopt;=Abstract

Gershwin ME, Beach R, Hurley L. Trace metals, aging, and immunity. J Am Geriatr Soc 1983 Jun;31(6):374-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6343468&dopt;=Abstract

Gloth FM 3rd, Tobin JD. Vitamin D deficiency in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995 Jul;43(7):822-8. Comments in: J Am Geriatr Soc 1996 Mar;44(3):333. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7602040&dopt;=Abstract

Goldstein MK, Fuller JD. Intensity of treatment in malnutrition. The ethical considerations. Prim Care 1994 Mar;21(1):191-206. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8197255&dopt;=Abstract

Grasbeck R, Salonen EM. Vitamin B12. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1976;2(5):193-231. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=792955&dopt;=Abstract

Green M. Ageing and disease. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981 Mar;10(1):207-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6112087&dopt;=Abstract

Grinblat J. Folate status in the aged. Clin Geriatr Med 1985 Nov;1(4):711-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3913517&dopt;=Abstract

Habicht JP, Lane JM, McDowell AJ. National nutrition surveillance. Fed Proc 1978 Apr;37(5):1181-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=640000&dopt;=Abstract

Ham RJ. The signs and symptoms of poor nutritional status. Prim Care 1994 Mar;21(1):33-54. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8197256&dopt;=Abstract

Hambidge KM. Chromium nutrition in man. Am J Clin Nutr 1974 May;27(5):505-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4207341&dopt;=Abstract

Henderson CT. Nutrition and malnutrition in the elderly nursing home patient. Clin Geriatr Med 1988 Aug;4(3):527-47. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3136902&dopt;=Abstract

Heuser MD, Adler WH. Immunological aspects of aging and malnutrition: consequences and intervention with nutritional immunomodulators. Clin Geriatr Med 1997 Nov;13(4):697-715. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9354750&dopt;=Abstract

Ho C, Kauwell GP, Bailey LB. Practitioners' guide to meeting the vitamin B-12 recommended dietary allowance for people aged 51 years and older. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Jun;99(6):725-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10361536&dopt;=Abstract

Hoffman N. Diet in the elderly. Needs and risks. Med Clin North Am 1993 Jul;77(4):745-56. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8321066&dopt;=Abstract

Holick MF. Vitamin D requirements for humans of all ages: new increased requirements for women and men 50 years and older. Osteoporos Int 1998;8 Suppl 2:S24-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10197179&dopt;=Abstract

Hornig DH, Glatthaar BE. Vitamin C and smoking: increased requirement of smokers. Int J Vitam Nutr Res Suppl 1985;27:139-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3926689&dopt;=Abstract

Hudson HM, Daubert CR, Mills RH. The interdependency of protein-energy malnutrition, aging, and dysphagia. Dysphagia 2000 Winter;15(1):31-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10594256&dopt;=Abstract

Hughes PC, Neer RM. Lighting for the elderly: a psychobiological approach to lighting. Hum Factors 1981 Feb;23(1):65-85. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6262214&dopt;=Abstract

Iber FL. Alcoholism and associated malnutrition in the elderly. Prog Clin Biol Res 1990;326:157-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2405416&dopt;=Abstract

Iber FL, Blass JP, Brin M, Leevy CM. Thiamin in the elderly--relation to alcoholism and to neurological degenerative disease. Am J Clin Nutr 1982 Nov;36(5 Suppl):1067-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6765072&dopt;=Abstract

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Session V. J. Internet Sites on Malnutrition in an Aging Population

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American Dietetic Association [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago: The Association; [updated 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.eatright.org/

Executive summary: serving elders at risk, the Older Americans Act nutrition programs. National evaluation of the Elderly Nutrition Program, 1993-1995 [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Administration on Aging; [modified 1998 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 20]. [30 p.]. Available from: http://www.aoa.dhhs.gov/aoa/nutreval/execsum.html

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee on Nutrition Services for Medicare Beneficiaries. The role of nutrition in maintaining health in the nation's elderly [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1999 [cited 2000 Apr 22]. Chapter 4, Undernutrition; p. 45-66. Available from: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309068460/html/45.html#pagetop

International Food Information Council [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Council; [modified 2000 Mar 28; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Better Eating for Better Aging. Available from: HTTP://IFICINFO.HEALTH.ORG/brochure/eatingaging.htm

National Institute on Aging (US). In search of the secrets of aging [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 2000 Mar 17; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Physiologic clues. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/nia/health/pubs/secrets-of-aging/p4.htm#p41

Sullivan DH, Sun S, Walls RC. Protein-energy undernutrition among elderly hospitalized patients: a prospective study. JAMA [serial on the Internet] 1999 Jun 2 [cited 2000 Apr 20];281(21):2013-9. Available from: http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v281n21/full/joc81317.html

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Session VI. Influences of the Community Food and Activity Environment on Obesity

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Session VI. A. Community Influences on Obesity

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Allan JD. Explanatory models of overweight among African American, Euro-American, and Mexican American women. West J Nurs Res 1998 Feb;20(1):45-66. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9473967&dopt;=Abstract

Bar-Or O, Foreyt J, Bouchard C, Brownell KD, Dietz WH, Ravussin E, Salbe AD, Schwenger S, St. Jeor S, Torun B. Physical activity, genetic, and nutritional considerations in childhood weight management. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998 Jan;30(1):2-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9475638&dopt;=Abstract

Bartlett SJ, Faith MS, Fontaine KR, Cheskin LJ, Allison DB. Is the prevalence of successful weight loss and maintenance higher in the general community than the research clinic? Obes Res 1999 Jul;7(4):407-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10440598&dopt;=Abstract

Booth DA. Evidence-based reduction of obesity: identification of a subculture's least fattening eating patterns. Appetite 1999 Feb;32(1):80-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9989917&dopt;=Abstract

Borra ST, Schwartz NE, Spain CG, Natchipolsky MM. Food, physical activity, and fun: inspiring America's kids to more healthful lifestyles. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Jul;95(7):816-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7797818&dopt;=Abstract

Bouchard C, Blair SN. Introductory comments for the consensus on physical activity and obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S498-501. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593518&dopt;=Abstract

Braet C, Mervielde I, Vandereycken W. Psychological aspects of childhood obesity: a controlled study in a clinical and nonclinical sample. J Pediatr Psychol 1997 Feb;22(1):59-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9019048&dopt;=Abstract

Braet C, Wydhooge K. Dietary restraint in normal weight and overweight children. A cross-sectional study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000 Mar;24(3):314-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10757624&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Nutrition and obesity: prevention and treatment. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 1999 Aug;9(4 Suppl):21-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10715835&dopt;=Abstract

Brink PJ, Ferguson K. The decision to lose weight. W J Nurs Res 1998 Feb;20(1):84-102. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9473969&dopt;=Abstract

Brug J, Glanz K, Van Assema P, Kok G, van Breukelen GJ. The impact of computer-tailored feedback and iterative feedback on fat, fruit, and vegetable intake. Health Educ Behav 1998 Aug;25(4):517-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9690108&dopt;=Abstract

Caserta MS, Gillett PA. Older women's feelings about exercise and their adherence to an aerobic regimen over time. Gerontologist 1998 Oct;38(5):602-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9803648&dopt;=Abstract

Cassell JA. Social anthropology and nutrition: a different look at obesity in America. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Apr;95(4):424-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7699183&dopt;=Abstract

Cise JCS. Self reflective guided imagery among middle aged obese women in a support group setting [dissertation]. Indianapolis: Indiana University School of Nursing; 1994.

Cline AD, Wong M. New frontiers in using telemedicine for nutrition intervention. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Nov;99(11):1442-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10570684&dopt;=Abstract

Committee to Develop Criteria for Evaluating the Outcomes of Approaches to Prevent and Treat Obesity Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine National Academy of Sciences. Summary: weighing the options--criteria for evaluating weight-management programs. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Jan;95(1):96-105. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7798589&dopt;=Abstract

Crawford D, Owen N, Broom D, Worcester M, Oliver G. Weight-control practices of adults in a rural community. Aust N Z J Public Health 1998 Feb;22(1):73-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9599856&dopt;=Abstract

Croft JB, Temple SP, Lankenau B, Heath GW, Macera CA, Eaker ED, Wheeler FC. Community intervention and trends in dietary fat consumption among black and white adults. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Nov;94(11):1284-90. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7963173&dopt;=Abstract

Davis K, Christoffel KK. Obesity in preschool and school-age children. Treatment early and often may be best. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994 Dec;148(12):1257-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7951803&dopt;=Abstract

Davis SM, Reid R. Practicing participatory research in American Indian communities. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):755S-759S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195598&dopt;=Abstract

Desmond SM, Price JH, Hallinan C, Smith D. Black and white adolescents' perceptions of their weight. J Sch Health 1989 Oct;59(8):353-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2811315&dopt;=Abstract

Domel SB, Alford BB, Cattlett HN, Rodriguez ML, Gench BE. A pilot weight control program for Hispanic women. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Oct;92(10):1270-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1401669&dopt;=Abstract

Dornelas EA, Wylie-Rosett J, Swencionis C. The DIET study: long-term outcomes of a cognitive-behavioral weight-control intervention in independent-living elders. Dietary Intervention: Evaluation of Technology. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Nov;98(11):1276-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9813583&dopt;=Abstract

Eisenmann JC, Katzmarzyk PT, Arnall DA, Kanuho V, Interpreter C, Malina RM. Growth and overweight of Navajo youth: secular changes from 1955 to 1997. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000 Feb;24(2):211-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10702773&dopt;=Abstract

Elder JP, Candelaria JI, Woodruff SI, Criqui MH, Talavera GA, Rupp JW. Results of language for health: cardiovascular disease nutrition education for Latino English-as-a-second-language students. Health Educ Behav 2000 Feb;27(1):50-63. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10709792&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Coleman KJ, Myers MD. Exercise in treating obesity in children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996 Apr;28(4):428-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8778547&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Goldfield GS. Physical activity in the treatment of childhood overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S553-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593527&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Kilanowski CK, Consalvi AR, Paluch RA. Reinforcing value of physical activity as a determinant of child activity level. Health Psychol 1999 Nov;18(6):599-603. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10619533&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Saelens BE, Myers MD, Vito D. Effects of decreasing sedentary behaviors on activity choice in obese children. Health Psychol 1997 Mar;16(2):107-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9269880&dopt;=Abstract

Esparza J, Fox C, Harper IT, Bennett PH, Schulz LO, Valencia ME, Ravussin E. Daily energy expenditure in Mexican and USA Pima indians: low physical activity as a possible cause of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000 Jan;24(1):55-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10702751&dopt;=Abstract

Falkner NH, French SA, Jeffery RW, Neumark-Sztainer D, Sherwood NE, Morton N. Mistreatment due to weight: prevalence and sources of perceived mistreatment in women and men. Obes Res 1999 Nov;7(6):572-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10574516&dopt;=Abstract

Fisher JO, Birch LL. Restricting access to palatable foods affects children's behavioral response, food selection, and intake. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Jun;69(6):1264-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10357749&dopt;=Abstract

Fitzgerald SJ, Kriska AM, Pereira MA, de Courten MP. Associations among physical activity, television watching, and obesity in adult Pima Indians. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997 Jul;29(7):910-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9243490&dopt;=Abstract

Flynn KJ, Fitzgibbon M. Body images and obesity risk among black females: a review of the literature. Ann Behav Med 1998 Winter;20(1):13-24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9755347&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP, Poston WS 2nd. The role of the behavioral counselor in obesity treatment. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Oct;98(10 Suppl 2):S27-30, 62, S63-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9787733&dopt;=Abstract

Freedman DS, Kettel-Khan L, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Black/White differences in relative weight and obesity among girls: the bogalusa heart study. Prev Med 2000 Mar;30(3):234-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10684747&dopt;=Abstract

French SA, Story M, Perry CL. Self-esteem and obesity in children and adolescents: a literature review. Obes Res 1995 Sep;3(5):479-90. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8521169&dopt;=Abstract

Gabel K, Newman R, Lauritzen G, Auld G, Bock M, Bruhn C, Medeiros D, NcNulty J, Nitzke S. Fat and fiber knowledge and behaviors related to body mass index. Nutr Res 1997 Nov-Dec;17(11-12):1643-53.

Gidding SS. Preventive pediatric cardiology. Tobacco, cholesterol, obesity, and physical activity. Pediatr Clin North Am 1999 Apr;46(2):253-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10218073&dopt;=Abstract

Gill TP. Key issues in the prevention of obesity. Br Med Bull 1997;53(2):359-88. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9246841&dopt;=Abstract

Gittelsohn J, Evans M, Story M, Davis SM, Metcalfe L, Helitzer DL, Clay TE. Multisite formative assessment for the Pathways study to prevent obesity in American Indian schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):767S-772S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195601&dopt;=Abstract

Glanz K. Progress in dietary behavior change. Am J Health Promot 1999 Nov-Dec;14(2):112-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10724722&dopt;=Abstract

Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Gonzalez E, Rivera D, Simon J, Islas S, Haffner S. The Mexico City Diabetes Study: a population-based approach to the study of genetic and environmental interactions in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. Nutr Rev 1999 May;57(5 Pt 2):S71-6; discussion S76-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10361535&dopt;=Abstract

Goran MI, Reynolds KD, Lindquist CH. Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Apr;23 Suppl 3:S18-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10367999&dopt;=Abstract

Gore SV. African-American women's perceptions of weight: paradigm shift for advanced practice. Holist Nurs Pract 1999 Jul;13(4):71-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10661120&dopt;=Abstract

Haire-Joshu D, Auslander WF, Houston CA, Williams JH. Staging of dietary patterns among African American women. Health Educ Behav 1999 Feb;26(1):90-102. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9952054&dopt;=Abstract

Han TS, Lean ME. Self-reported waist circumference compared with the 'Waist Watcher' tape-measure to identify individuals at increased health risk through intra-abdominal fat accumulation. Br J Nutr 1998 Jul;80(1):81-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9797647&dopt;=Abstract

Hanley AJ, Harris SB, Gittelsohn J, Wolever TM, Saksvig B, Zinman B. Overweight among children and adolescents in a Native Canadian community: prevalence and associated factors. Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Mar;71(3):693-700. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10702161&dopt;=Abstract

Hardeman W, Griffin S, Johnston M, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ. Interventions to prevent weight gain: a systematic review of psychological models and behaviour change methods. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000 Feb;24(2):131-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10702762&dopt;=Abstract

Helitzer DL, Davis SM, Gittelsohn J, Going SB, Murray DM, Snyder P, Steckler AB. Process evaluation in a multisite, primary obesity-prevention trial in American Indian schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):816S-824S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195608&dopt;=Abstract

Hellerstedt WA, Jeffery RW. The effects of a telephone-based intervention on weight loss. Am J Health Promot 1997 Jan-Feb;11(3):177-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10165095&dopt;=Abstract

James LC, Folen RA, Page H, Noce M, Brown J, Britton C. The Tripler LE3AN Program: a two-year follow-up report. Mil Med 1999 Jun;164(6):389-95. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10377705&dopt;=Abstract

Jamison JR. Childhood: a crucial age for health promotion. Top Clin Chiropract 1997 Dec;4(4):19-24, 83-5.

Jeffery RW, French SA. Preventing weight gain in adults: design, methods and one year results from the Pound of Prevention study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997 Jun;21(6):457-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9192229&dopt;=Abstract

Jeffery RW, French SA. Preventing weight gain in adults: the pound of prevention study. Am J Public Health 1999 May;89(5):747-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10224988&dopt;=Abstract

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Jones LR, Sallis JF, Conway TL, Marshall SJ, Pelletier RL. Ethnic and gender differences in request for and use of low/non-fat foods in bag lunches. J Sch Health 1999 Oct;69(8):332-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10544367&dopt;=Abstract

Juarbe TC. Cardiovascular disease-related diet and exercise experiences of immigrant Mexican women. West J Nurs Res 1998 Dec;20(6):765-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9842291&dopt;=Abstract

Kanders BS, Ullmann-Joy P, Foreyt JP, Heymsfield SB, Heber D, Elashoff RM, Ashley JM, Reeves RS, Blackburn GL. The black American lifestyle intervention (BALI): the design of a weight loss program for working-class African-American women. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Mar;94(3):310-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8120297&dopt;=Abstract

Kaul L, Nidiry JJ. Management of obesity in low-income African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc 1999 Mar;91(3):139-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10203915&dopt;=Abstract

Khan LK, Sobal J, Martorell R. Acculturation, socioeconomic status, and obesity in Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Puerto Ricans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997 Feb;21(2):91-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9043961&dopt;=Abstract

Kimm SY, Barton BA, Berhane K, Ross JW, Payne GH, Schreiber GB. Self-esteem and adiposity in black and white girls: the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Ann Epidemiol 1997 Nov;7(8):550-60. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9408551&dopt;=Abstract

Klem ML, Wing RR, McGuire MT, Seagle HM, Hill JO. A descriptive study of individuals successful at long-term maintenance of substantial weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Aug;66(2):239-46. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9250100&dopt;=Abstract

Klem ML, Wing RR, McGuire MT, Seagle HM, Hill JO. Psychological symptoms in individuals successful at long-term maintenance of weight loss. Health Psychol 1998 Jul;17(4):336-45. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9697943&dopt;=Abstract

Kumanyika SK. Obesity in African Americans: biobehavioral consequences of culture. Ethn Dis 1998 Winter;8(1):93-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9595252&dopt;=Abstract

Lyons P, Miller WC. Effective health promotion and clinical care for large people. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Aug;31(8):1141-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10449016&dopt;=Abstract

Macario E, Emmons KM, Sorensen G, Hunt MK, Rudd RE. Factors influencing nutrition education for patients with low literacy skills. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 May;98(5):559-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9597029&dopt;=Abstract

Mattfeldt-Beman MK, Corrigan SA, Stevens VJ, Sugars CP, Dalcin AT, Givi MJ, Copeland KC. Participants' evaluation of a weight-loss program. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Jan;99(1):66-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9917734&dopt;=Abstract

Mellin L, Croughan-Minihane M, Dickey L. The Solution Method: 2-year trends in weight, blood pressure, exercise, depression, and functioning of adults trained in development skills. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Oct;97(10):1133-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9336560&dopt;=Abstract

Melnyk MG, Weinstein E. Preventing obesity in black women by targeting adolescents: a literature review. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 May;94(5):536-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8176129&dopt;=Abstract

Miller EC, Maropis CG. Nutrition and diet-related problems. Prim Care 1998 Mar;25(1):193-210. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9469923&dopt;=Abstract

Must A, Gortmaker SL, Dietz WH. Risk factors for obesity in young adults: Hispanics, African Americans and Whites in the transition years, age 16-28 years. Biomed Pharmacother 1994;48(3-4):143-56. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7993979&dopt;=Abstract

Nestle M, Wing R, Birch L, DiSogra L, Drewnowski A, Middleton S, Sigman-Grant M, Sobal J, Winston M, Economos C. Behavioral and social influences on food choice. Nutr Rev 1998 May;56(5 Pt 2):S50-64; discussion S64-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9624880&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Jeffery RW, French SA. Self-reported dieting: how should we ask? What does it mean? Associations between dieting and reported energy intake. Int J Eat Disord 1997 Dec;22(4):437-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9356892&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, French SA, Hannan PJ, Resnick MD, Blum RW. Psychosocial concerns and health-compromising behaviors among overweight and nonoverweight adolescents. Obes Res 1997 May;5(3):237-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9192398&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Resnick MD, Blum RW. Psychosocial concerns and weight control behaviors among overweight and nonoverweight Native American adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jun;97(6):598-604. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9183319&dopt;=Abstract

Nies MA, Buffington C, Cowan G, Hepworth JT. Comparison of lifestyles among obese and nonobese African American and European American women in the community. Nurs Res 1998 Jul-Aug;47(4):251-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9683121&dopt;=Abstract

Nupponen R, Laukkanen R. How to develop a group curriculum: developing an exercise programme for overweight adults. Patient Educ Couns 1998 Apr;33 Suppl 1:S77-85.

O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Meshefedjian G, Kishchuk N. Evaluation of an 8-week mailed healthy-weight intervention. Prev Med 1998 Mar-Apr;27(2):288-95. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9579009&dopt;=Abstract

O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Renaud L, Meshefedjian G, Gray-Donald K. Prevalence and correlates of overweight among elementary schoolchildren in multiethnic, low income, inner-city neighbourhoods in Montreal, Canada. Ann Epidemiol 1998 Oct;8(7):422-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9738688&dopt;=Abstract

Ortega RM, Requejo AM, Lopez-Sobaler AM, Quintas ME, Andres P, Redondo MR, Navia B, Lopez-Bonilla MD, Rivas T. Difference in the breakfast habits of overweight/obese and normal weight schoolchildren. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1998;68(2):125-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9565828&dopt;=Abstract

Parcel GS, Edmundson E, Perry CL, Feldman HA, O'Hara-Tompkins N, Nader PR, Johnson CC, Stone EJ. Measurement of self-efficacy for diet-related behaviors among elementary school children. J Sch Health 1995 Jan;65(1):23-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7731197&dopt;=Abstract

Parham ES. Enhancing social support in weight loss management groups. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Oct;93(10):1152-6; quiz 1157-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8068056&dopt;=Abstract

Parnell K, Sargent R, Thompson SH, Duhe SF, Valois RF, Kemper RC. Black and white adolescent females' perceptions of ideal body size. J Sch Health 1996 Mar;66(3):112-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8857160&dopt;=Abstract

Perri MG, Martin AD, Leermakers EA, Sears SF, Notelovitz M. Effects of group- versus home-based exercise in the treatment of obesity. J Consult Clin Psychol 1997 Apr;65(2):278-85. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9086691&dopt;=Abstract

Pesa J. Psychosocial factors associated with dieting behaviors among female adolescents. J Sch Health 1999 May;69(5):196-201. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10363223&dopt;=Abstract

Petersmarck KA. The Michigan approach: building consensus for safe weight loss. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Jun;92(6):679-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1607562&dopt;=Abstract

Pierce JW, Wardle J. Cause and effect beliefs and self-esteem of overweight children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1997 Sep;38(6):645-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9315974&dopt;=Abstract

Pinto BM, Clark MM, Cruess DG, Szymanski L, Pera V. Changes in self-efficacy and decisional balance for exercise among obese women in a weight management program. Obes Res 1999 May;7(3):288-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10348500&dopt;=Abstract

Popkess-Vawter S, Brandau C, Straub J. Triggers of overeating and related intervention strategies for women who weight cycle. Appl Nurs Res 1998 May;11(2):69-76. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9627433&dopt;=Abstract

Prevention of obesity in American Indian children: the Pathways study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):745S-824S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195596&dopt;=Abstract

Reger B, Wootan MG, Booth-Butterfield S, Smith H. 1% or less: a community-based nutrition campaign. Public Health Rep 1998 Sep-Oct;113(5):410-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9769765&dopt;=Abstract

Reid DJ, Conrad SA, Hendricks SM. Tracking nutrition trends, 1989-1994: an update on Canadians' attitudes, knowledge and reported actions. Can J Public Health 1996 Mar-Apr;87(2):113-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8753640&dopt;=Abstract

Resnicow K, Yaroch AL, Davis A, Wang DT, Lyn R, London J, Kotler H, Hall M. Gem no. 306. GO GIRLS!: Development of a community-based nutrition and physical activity program for overweight African-American adolescent females. J Nutr Educ 1999 Sep-Oct;31(5):283C.

Resource file: handy lists to keep. Combating obesity: professional organizations that can help. Consultant 1999 Jan;39(1):241, 243.

Robinson TN. Behavioural treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Mar;23 Suppl 2:S52-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10340806&dopt;=Abstract

Schwartz NE, Borra ST. What do consumers really think about dietary fat? J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jul;97(7 Suppl):S73-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9216573&dopt;=Abstract

Seidell JC. Dietary fat and obesity: an epidemiologic perspective. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Mar;67(3 Suppl):546S-550S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9497168&dopt;=Abstract

Sherwood NE, Morton N, Jeffery RW, French SA, Neumark-Sztainer D, Falkner NH. Consumer preferences in format and type of community-based weight control programs. Am J Health Promot 1998 Sep-Oct;13(1):12-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10186930&dopt;=Abstract

Skender ML, Goodrick GK, Del Junco DJ, Reeves RS, Darnell L, Gotto AM, Foreyt JP. Comparison of 2-year weight loss trends in behavioral treatments of obesity: diet, exercise, and combination interventions. J Am Diet Assoc 1996 Apr;96(4):342-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8598434&dopt;=Abstract

Sobal J, Nicolopoulos V, Lee J. Attitudes about overweight and dating among secondary school students. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995 Jun;19(6):376-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7550520&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen G, Emmons K, Hunt MK, Johnston D. Implications of the results of community intervention trials. Annu Rev Public Health 1998;19:379-416. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9611625&dopt;=Abstract

Stevens J, Alexandrov AA, Smirnova SG, Deev AD, Gershunskaya YuB, Davis CE, Thomas R. Comparison of attitudes and behaviors related to nutrition, body size, dieting, and hunger in Russian, black-American, and white-American adolescents. Obes Res 1997 May;5(3):227-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9192397&dopt;=Abstract

Stevens J, Cornell CE, Story M, French SA, Levin S, Becenti A, Gittelsohn J, Going SB, Reid R. Development of a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in American Indian children. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):773S-781S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195602&dopt;=Abstract

Stevens J, Story M, Becenti A, French SA, Gittelsohn J, Going SB, Juhaeri, Levin S, Murray DM. Weight-related attitudes and behaviors in fourth grade American Indian children. Obes Res 1999 Jan;7(1):34-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10023728&dopt;=Abstract

Stolley MR, Fitzgibbon ML. Effects of an obesity prevention program on the eating behavior of African American mothers and daughters. Health Educ Behav 1997 Apr;24(2):152-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9079575&dopt;=Abstract

Story M, Evans M, Fabsitz RR, Clay TE, Holy Rock B, Broussard B. The epidemic of obesity in American Indian communities and the need for childhood obesity-prevention programs. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):747S-754S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195597&dopt;=Abstract

Story M, Strauss KF, Zephier E, Broussard BA. Nutritional concerns in American Indian and Alaska Native children: transitions and future directions. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Feb;98(2):170-6.

Stouffer K, Dorman SM. Childhood obesity: a multifaceted etiology. Int Electron J Health Educ 1999 Apr 1;2(2):66-72.

Strauss RS. Childhood obesity and self-esteem. Pediatrics 2000 Jan;105(1):e15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10617752&dopt;=Abstract

Suminski RR, Poston WS, Jackson AS, Foreyt JP. Early identification of Mexican American children who are at risk for becoming obese. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Aug;23(8):823-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10490783&dopt;=Abstract

Sundquist J, Johansson SE. The influence of socioeconomic status, ethnicity and lifestyle on body mass index in a longitudinal study. Int J Epidemiol 1998 Feb;27(1):57-63. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9563694&dopt;=Abstract

Swinburn B, Egger G, Raza F. Dissecting obesogenic environments: the development and application of a framework for identifying and prioritizing environmental interventions for obesity. Prev Med 1999 Dec;29(6 Pt 1):563-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10600438&dopt;=Abstract

van Mil EG, Goris AH, Westerterp KR. Physical activity and the prevention of childhood obesity--Europe versus the United States. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Apr;23 Suppl 3:S41-4.

Willett WC. Is dietary fat a major determinant of body fat? Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Mar;67(3 Suppl):556S-562S. Published erratum appears in Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Aug;70(2):304. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9497170&dopt;=Abstract

Wing RR. Physical activity in the treatment of the adulthood overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S547-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593526&dopt;=Abstract

Wing RR, Jeffery RW. Benefits of recruiting participants with friends and increasing social support for weight loss and maintenance. J Consult Clin Psychol 1999 Feb;67(1):132-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10028217&dopt;=Abstract

Wolf AM, Gortmaker SL, Cheung L, Gray HM, Herzog DB, Colditz GA. Activity, inactivity, and obesity: racial, ethnic, and age differences among schoolgirls. Am J Public Health 1993 Nov;83(11):1625-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8238692&dopt;=Abstract

Woodward DR, Boon JA, Cumming FJ, Ball PJ, Williams HM, Hornsby H. Adolescents' reported usage of selected foods in relation to their perceptions and social norms for those foods. Appetite 1996 Oct;27(2):109-17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8937616&dopt;=Abstract

Wylie-Rosett J, Swencionis C, Peters MH, Dornelas EA, Edlen-Nezin L, Kelly LD, Wassertheil-Smoller S. A weight reduction intervention that optimizes use of practitioner's time, lowers glucose level, and raises HDL cholesterol level in older adults. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Jan;94(1):37-42; quiz 43-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7505787&dopt;=Abstract

Zephier E, Himes JH, Story M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in American Indian School children and adolescents in the Aberdeen area: a population study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Mar;23 Suppl 2:S28-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10340802&dopt;=Abstract

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Session VI. B. Environmental Influences on Obesity

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Albright CL, Flora JA, Fortmann SP. Restaurant menu labeling: impact of nutrition information on entree sales and patron attitudes. Health Educ Q 1990 Summer;17(2):157-67. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2347693&dopt;=Abstract

Albu J, Allison D, Boozer CN, Heymsfield S, Kissileff H, Kretser A, Krumhar K, Leibel R, Nonas C, Pi-Sunyer X, VanItallie T, Wedral E. Obesity solutions: report of a meeting. Nutr Rev 1997 May;55(5):150-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9212691&dopt;=Abstract

Allred JB. Too much of a good thing? An overemphasis on eating low-fat foods may be contributing to the alarming increase in overweight among US adults [news]. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Apr;95(4):417-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7699181&dopt;=Abstract

Almanza BA, Hsieh HM. Consumer preferences among nutrition labeling formats in a restaurant. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Jan;95(1):83-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7798586&dopt;=Abstract

Almanza BA, Mason AC, Widdows R, Girard FJ. Consumer responses to nutrition guidelines labeling in a university restaurant. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 May;93(5):580-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8315170&dopt;=Abstract

Almanza BA, Nelson D, Chai S. Obstacles to nutrition labeling in restaurants. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Feb;97(2):157-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9020243&dopt;=Abstract

Andrews JC, Netemeyer RG, Burton S. Consumer generalization of nutrient content claims in advertising. J Market 1998 Oct;62(4):62-75.

Asp EH. Factors affecting food decisions made by individual consumers. Food Policy 1999 Apr-Jun;24(2-3):287-94.

Caudill EM. Nutritional information research--a review of the issues. Adv Consum Res1994;21:213-7.

Colby JJ, Elder JP, Peterson G, Knisley PM, Carleton RA. Promoting the selection of healthy food through menu item description in a family-style restaurant. Am J Prev Med 1987 May-Jun;3(3):171-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3452355&dopt;=Abstract

Crockett SJ, Sims LS. Environmental influences on children's eating. J Nutr Educ 1995 Sep-Oct;27(5):235-49.

Dietz WH Jr, Gortmaker SL. Factors within the physical environment associated with childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1984 Apr;39(4):619-24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6711469&dopt;=Abstract

Dwivedi G, Harvey J, StJohn L, Close A. Taste-test booth: An innovative tool in health promotion. J Can Diet Assoc 1997 Summer;58(2):90-3.

Eldridge AL, Snyder MP, Faus NG. Development and evaluation of a labeling program for low-fat foods in a discount department store foodservice area. J Nutr Educ 1997 May-Jun;29(3):159-61.

Fitzpatrick MP, Chapman GE, Barr SI. Lower-fat menu items in restaurants satisfy customers. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 May;97(5):510-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9145089&dopt;=Abstract

French SA, Jeffery RW, Story M, Hannan P, Snyder MP. A pricing strategy to promote low-fat snack choices through vending machines. Am J Public Health 1997 May;87(5):849-51.

French SA, Story M, Hannan P, Breitlow KK, Jeffery RW, Baxter JS, Snyder MP. Cognitive and demographic correlates of low-fat vending snack choices among adolescents and adults. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Apr;99(4):471-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10207402&dopt;=Abstract

Glanz K, Mullis RM. Environmental interventions to promote healthy eating-a review of models, programs and evidence. Health Educ Q 1988 Winter;15(4):395-415. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3068206&dopt;=Abstract

Hearn MD, Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Doyle C, Smith M, Lin LS, Resnicow K. Environmental influences on dietary behavior among children: availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables enable consumption. J Health Educ 1998 Jan-Feb;29(1):26-32.

Hendricks S. Nutrition education--beyond the facts. Can J Public Health 1993 Nov-Dec;84(6):367-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8131137&dopt;=Abstract

Hertzler AA, Frary RB. College students' nutrition information networks. Fam Consum Sci Res J 1995 Dec;24(2):143-55.

Holdsworth M, Haslam C. A review of point-of-choice nutrition labelling schemes in the workplace, public eating places and universities. J Hum Nutr Diet 1998 Oct;11(5):423-45.

Holdsworth M, Haslam C, Raymond NT. An assessment of compliance with nutrition criteria and food purchasing trends in Heartbeat Award premises. J Hum Nutr Diet 1999 Aug;12(4):327-35.

Jeffery RW, French SA. Epidemic obesity in the United States: are fast foods and television viewing contributing? Am J Public Health 1998 Feb;88(2):277-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9491022&dopt;=Abstract

Jeffery RW, French SA, Raether C, Baxter JE. An environmental intervention to increase fruit and salad purchases in a cafeteria. Prev Med 1994 Nov;23(6):788-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7855111&dopt;=Abstract

Levin S. Pilot study of a cafeteria program relying primarily on symbols to promote healthy choices. J Nutr Educ 1996 Sep-Oct;28(5):282-5.

Levine B. Childhood obesity associated with the excessive consumption of soft drinks and fruit juices. Top Clin Nutr 1997 Dec;13(1):69-73.

Levine J, Gussow JD. Nutrition professionals' knowledge of and attitudes toward the food industry's education and marketing programs in elementary schools. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Aug;99(8):973-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10450316&dopt;=Abstract

Mayer JA, Dubbert PM, Elder JP. Promoting nutrition at the point of choice--a review. Health Educ Q 1989 Spring;16(1):31-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2649457&dopt;=Abstract

Mazis MB, Raymond MA. Consumer perceptions of health claims in advertisements and on food labels. J Consum Aff 1997 Summer;31(1):10-26.

McMahon KE, Cameron MA. Consumers and key nutrition trends for 1998. Nutr Today 1998 Jan-Feb;33(1):19-26.

Melcher J, Bostwick GJ Jr. The obese client: myths, facts, assessment, and intervention. Health Soc Work 1998 Aug;23(3):195-202. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9702551&dopt;=Abstract

Mitra A, Hastak M, Fort GT, Ringold DJ. Can the educationally disadvantaged interpret the FDA-mandated nutrition facts panel in the presence of an implied health claim? J Public Policy Mark 1999 Spring;18(1):106-17.

Mullis RM, Snyder MP, Hunt MK. Developing nutrient criteria for food-specific dietary guidelines for the general public. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Jun;90(6):847-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2345259&dopt;=Abstract

Nayga RM, Lipinski D, Savur N. Consumers' use of nutritional labels while food shopping and at home. J Consum Aff 1998 Summer;32(1):106-20.

Nestle M. The selling of olestra. Public Health Rep 1998 Nov-Dec;113(6):508-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9847922&dopt;=Abstract

Nestle M, Jacobson MF. Halting the obesity epidemic: A public health policy approach. Public Health Rep 2000 Jan-Feb;115(1):12-24.

Neumark-Sztainer D. The weight dilemma: a range of philosophical perspectives. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Mar;23 Suppl 2:S31-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10340803&dopt;=Abstract

Poston WS 2nd, Foreyt JP. Obesity is an environmental issue. Atherosclerosis 1999 Oct;146(2):201-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10532676&dopt;=Abstract

Reid DJ, Hendricks SM. Consumer understanding and use of fat and cholesterol information on food labels. Can J Public Health 1994 Sep-Oct;85(5):334-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7804939&dopt;=Abstract

Resnick MP, Gregoire MB, Lafferty LJ, Lipson S. Marketing can change consumers perceptions of healthfulness of items served in a worksite cafeteria. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Oct;99(10):1265-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10524392&dopt;=Abstract

Richard l, O'Loughlin J, Masson P, Devost S. Healthy menu intervention in restaurants in low-income neighbourhoods: a field experience. J Nutr Educ 1999 Jan-Feb;31(1):54-9.

Roe B, Levy AS, Derby BM. The impact of health claims on consumer search and product evaluation outcomes: Results from FDA experimental data. J Public Policy Mark 1999 Spring;18(1):89-105.

Rolis BJ, Engell D, Birch LL. Serving portion size influences 5-year-old but not 3-year-old children's food intakes. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Feb;100(2):232-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10670398&dopt;=Abstract

Saelens BE, Epstein LH. Reinforcing value of food in obese and non-obese women. Appetite 1996 Aug;27(1):41-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8879418&dopt;=Abstract

Seidell JC. Prevention of obesity: the role of the food industry. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 1999 Feb;9(1):45-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10726109&dopt;=Abstract

Somerick N, Weir L. How public relations professionals can use food labels as effective communication tools. Public Relat Rev 1998 Fall;24(3):377-85.

Taubes G. As obesity rates rise, experts struggle to explain why [news]. Science 1998 May 29;280(5368):1367-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9634414&dopt;=Abstract

Wardle J, Huon J. An experimental investigation of the influence of health information on children's taste preferences. Health Educ Res 2000;15(1):39-44.

Young LR, Nestle M. Food labels consistently underestimate the actual weights of single-serving baked products. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Oct;95(10):1150-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7560687&dopt;=Abstract

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Session VII. Influences of Family, Schools, and Work Sites on Obesity

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Session VII. A. Family Influences on Obesity

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Basdevant A, Boute D, Borys JM. Who should be educated? Education strategies: could children educate their parents? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 May;23 Suppl 4:S10-2; discussion S12-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10385274&dopt;=Abstract

Birch LL. Development of food preferences. Annu Rev Nutr 1999;19:41-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10448516&dopt;=Abstract

Birch LL. Psychological influences on the childhood diet. J Nutr 1998 Feb;128(2 Suppl):407S-410S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9478037&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Etiology and pathogenesis of obesity. Clin Cornerstone 1999;2(3):1-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10696281&dopt;=Abstract

Cousins JH, Rubovits DS, Dunn JK, Reeves RS, Ramirez AG, Foreyt JP. Family versus individually oriented intervention for weight loss in Mexican American women. Public Health Rep 1992 Sep-Oct;107(5):549-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1410236&dopt;=Abstract

Cutting TM, Fisher JO, Grimm-Thomas K, Birch LL. Like mother, like daughter: familial patterns of overweight are mediated by mothers' dietary disinhibition. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4):608-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10197561&dopt;=Abstract

Dietz W. How to tackle the problem early? The role of education in the prevention of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 May;23 Suppl 4:S7-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10385273&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH. Family-based behavioural intervention for obese children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996 Feb;20 Suppl 1:S14-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8646260&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH. Methodological issues and ten-year outcomes for obese children. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 Oct 29;699:237-49. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8267314&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Klein KR, Wisniewski L. Child and parent factors that influence psychological problems in obese children. Int J Eat Disord 1994 Mar;15(2):151-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8173560&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, McCurley J, Murdock RC Jr. Estimation of percent overweight within families. Addict Behav 1991;16(5):369-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1776554&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, McCurley J, Wing RR, Valoski A. Five-year follow-up of family-based behavioral treatments for childhood obesity. J Consult Clin Psychol 1990 Oct;58(5):661-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2254515&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Myers MD, Anderson K. The association of maternal psychopathology and family socioeconomic status with psychological problems in obese children. Obes Res 1996 Jan;4(1):65-74. Published erratum appears in Obes Res 1996 Sep;4(5):501-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8787939&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Gordy CC, Dorn J. Decreasing sedentary behaviors in treating pediatric obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000 Mar;154(3):220-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10710017&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Valoski A, Wing RR, McCurley J. Ten-year follow-up of behavioral, family-based treatment for obese children. JAMA 1990 Nov 21;264(19):2519-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2232019&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH, Valoski A, Wing RR, McCurley J. Ten-year outcomes of behavioral family-based treatment for childhood obesity. Health Psychol 1994 Sep;13(5):373-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7805631&dopt;=Abstract

Evers C. Empower children to develop healthful eating habits. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Oct;97(10 Suppl 2):S116. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9336568&dopt;=Abstract

Fisher JO, Birch LL. Restricting access to foods and children's eating. Appetite 1999 Jun;32(3):405-19. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10336797&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP, Ramirez AG, Cousins JH. Cuidando El Corazon--a weight-reduction intervention for Mexican Americans. Am J Clin Nutr 1991 Jun;53(6 Suppl):1639S-1641S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2031499&dopt;=Abstract

Franzese A, Valerio G, Argenziano A, Esposito-Del Puente A, Iannucci MP, Caputo G, Alfonsi L, Contaldo F, Rubino A. Onset of obesity in children through the recall of parents: relationship to parental obesity and life events. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1998 Jan-Feb;11(1):63-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9642631&dopt;=Abstract

Gittelsohn J, Toporoff EG, Story M, Evans M, Anliker J, Davis S, Sharma A, White J. Food perceptions and dietary behavior of American-Indian children, their caregivers, and educators: Formative assessment findings from pathways. J Nutr Educ 2000 Jan-Feb;32(1):2-13.

Golan M, Fainaru M, Weizman A. Role of behaviour modification in the treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998 Dec;22(12):1217-24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9877257&dopt;=Abstract

Golan M, Weizman A. Reliability and validity of the Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998 Oct;52(10):771-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9805227&dopt;=Abstract

Golan M, Weizman A, Apter A, Fainaru M. Parents as the exclusive agents of change in the treatment of childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Jun;67(6):1130-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9625084&dopt;=Abstract

Golan M, Weizman A, Fainaru M. Impact of treatment for childhood obesity on parental risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Prev Med 1999 Dec;29(6 Pt 1):519-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9625084&dopt;=Abstract

Hewitt JK. The genetics of obesity: what have genetic studies told us about the environment. Behav Genet 1997 Jul;27(4):353-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9519561&dopt;=Abstract

Johnson SL, Birch LL. Parents' and children's adiposity and eating style. Pediatrics 1994 Nov;94(5):653-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7936891&dopt;=Abstract

Myers MD, Raynor HA, Epstein LH. Predictors of child psychological changes during family-based treatment for obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998 Sep;152(9):855-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9743030&dopt;=Abstract

Noble RE. The incidence of parental obesity in overweight individuals. Int J Eat Disord 1997 Nov;22(3):265-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9285263&dopt;=Abstract

Parsons TJ, Power C, Logan S, Summerbell CD. Childhood predictors of adult obesity: a systematic review. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Nov;23 Suppl 8:S1-107. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10641588&dopt;=Abstract

Price JH, Telljohann SK, Desmond SM, Todd D. Parents' beliefs about cholesterol and its effects on their children. Psychol Rep 1994 Apr;74(2):611-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8197298&dopt;=Abstract

Rossner S. Obesity--as seen by the patient and his family. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1998;106 Suppl 2:27-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9792478&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen TI, Holst C, Stunkard AJ. Adoption study of environmental modifications of the genetic influences on obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998 Jan;22(1):73-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9481603&dopt;=Abstract

Stradmeijer M, Bosch J, Koops W, Seidell J. Family functioning and psychosocial adjustment in overweight youngsters. Int J Eat Disord 2000 Jan;27(1):110-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10590457&dopt;=Abstract

Strauss R. Childhood obesity. Curr Probl Pediatr 1999 Jan;29(1):1-29. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9919427&dopt;=Abstract

Strauss RS, Knight J. Influence of the home environment on the development of obesity in children. Pediatrics 1999 Jun;103(6):e85. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10353982&dopt;=Abstract

Stunkard AJ, Berkowitz RI, Stallings VA, Cater JR. Weights of parents and infants: is there a relationship? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Feb;23(2):159-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10078850&dopt;=Abstract

Teufel NI, Perry CL, Story M, Flint-Wagner HG, Levin S, Clay TE, Davis SM, Gittelsohn J, Altaha J, Pablo JL. Pathways family intervention for third-grade American Indian children. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):803S-809S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195606&dopt;=Abstract

Wilkins SC, Kendrick OW, Stitt KR, Stinett N, Hammarlund VA. Family functioning is related to overweight in children. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 May;98(5):572-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9597032&dopt;=Abstract

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Session VII. B. School and Worksite Influences on Obesity

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Anderson JV, Mavis BE, Robison JI, Stoffelmayr BE. A work-site weight management program to reinforce behavior. J Occup Med 1993 Aug;35(8):800-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8229331&dopt;=Abstract

Auld GW, Romaniello C, Heimendinger J, Hambidge C, Hambidge M. Outcomes from a school-based nutrition education program using resource teachers and cross-disciplinary models. J Nutr Educ 1998 Sep-Oct;30(5):268-80.

Balfour D, Moody R, Wise A, Brown K. Food choice in response to computer-generated nutrition information provided about meal selections in workplace restaurants. J Hum Nutr Diet 1996 Jun;9(3):231-7.

Baranowski T, Davis M, Resnicow K, Baranowski J, Doyle C, Lin LS, Smith M, Wang DT. Gimme 5 fruit, juice, and vegetables for fun and health: outcome evaluation. Health Educ Behav 2000 Feb;27(1):96-111. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10709795&dopt;=Abstract

Baranowski T, Domel S, Gould R, Baranowski J, Leonard S, Triber F, Mullis R. Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among 4th and 5th grade students: results from focus groups using reciprocal determinism. J Nutr Educ 1993;25:114-20.

Baxter SD. Are elementary schools teaching children to prefer candy but not vegetables? J Sch Health 1998 Mar;68(3):111-3.

Baxter SD, Thompson WO, Davis HC, Johnson MH. Impact of gender, ethnicity, meal component, and time interval between eating and reporting on accuracy of fourth-graders' self-reports of school lunch. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Nov;97(11):1293-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9366868&dopt;=Abstract

Biener L, Glanz K, McLerran D, Sorensen G, Thompson B, Basen-Engquist K, Linnan L, Varnes J. Impact of the Working Well Trial on the worksite smoking and nutrition environment. Health Educ Behav 1999 Aug;26(4):478-94. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10435233&dopt;=Abstract

Brook U, Tepper I. High school students' attitudes and knowledge of food consumption and body image: implications for school based education. Patient Educ Couns 1997 Mar;30(3):283-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9104384&dopt;=Abstract

Burton WN. Weight management partnership: MCOs and employers. Am J Manage Care 1998 Mar;4(3):S146-150, S158-160.

Cowell JM, Warren JS, Montgomery AC. Cardiovascular risk prevalence among diverse school-age children: implications for schools. J Sch Nurs 1999 Apr;15(2):8-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10418425&dopt;=Abstract

Cullen KW, Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Hebert D, deMoor C, Hearn MD, Resnicow K. Influence of school organizational characteristics on the outcomes of a school health promotion program. J Sch Health 1999 Nov;69(9):376-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10633323&dopt;=Abstract

Davis CE, Hunsberger S, Murray DM, Fabsitz RR, Himes JH, Stephenson LK, Caballero B, Skipper B. Design and statistical analysis for the Pathways study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):760S-763S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195599&dopt;=Abstract

Davis M, Baranowski T, Resnicow K, Baranowski J, Doyle C, Smith M, Wang DT, Yaroch A, Hebert D. Gimme 5 fruit and vegetables for fun and health: process evaluation. Health Educ Behav 2000 Apr;27(2):167-76. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10768798&dopt;=Abstract

Davis SM, Going SB, Helitzer DL, Teufel NI, Snyder P, Gittelsohn J, Metcalfe L, Arviso V, Evans M, Smyth M, Brice R, Altaha J. Pathways: a culturally appropriate obesity-prevention program for American Indian schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):796S-802S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195605&dopt;=Abstract

Dixey R. Healthy eating in schools, overweight and "eating disorders": Are they connected? Educ Rev 1998 Feb;50(1):29-35.

Dombrowski MA. Preventing disease with stress management in elementary schools. J Sch Health 1999 Mar;69(3):126-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10332651&dopt;=Abstract

Donnelly JE, Jacobsen DJ, Whatley JE, Hill JO, Swift LL, Cherrington A, Polk B, Tran ZV, Reed G. Nutrition and physical activity program to attenuate obesity and promote physical and metabolic fitness in elementary school children. Obes Res 1996 May;4(3):229-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8732957&dopt;=Abstract

Dorman SM. Using point-of-sale technology in the school lunch room. J Sch Health 1998 Feb;68(2):80-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9571579&dopt;=Abstract

Field AE, Peterson KE, Gortmaker SL, Cheung L, Rockett H, Fox MK, Colditz GA. Reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire among fourth to seventh grade inner-city school children: implications of age and day-to-day variation in dietary intake. Public Health Nutr 1999 Sep;2(3):293-300. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10512564&dopt;=Abstract

Gittelsohn J, Evans M, Helitzer D, Anliker J, Story M, Metcalfe L, Davis S, Iron Cloud P. Formative research in a school-based obesity prevention program for Native American school children (Pathways). Health Educ Res 1998 Jun;13(2):251-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10181023&dopt;=Abstract

Glanz K, Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Feng Z, Linnan L, Heimendinger J, Hebert JR. Impact of work site health promotion on stages of dietary change: the Working Well Trial. Health Educ Behav 1998 Aug;25(4):448-63. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9690103&dopt;=Abstract

Glanz K, Sorensen G, Farmer A. The health impact of worksite nutrition and cholesterol intervention programs. Am J Health Promot 1996 Jul-Aug;10(6):453-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10163311&dopt;=Abstract

Going SB, Levin S, Harrell J, Stewart D, Kushi L, Cornell CE, Hunsberger S, Corbin C, Sallis J. Physical activity assessment in American Indian schoolchildren in the Pathways study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):788S-795S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195604&dopt;=Abstract

Goldberg J, Rudd RE, Dietz W. Using 3 data sources and methods to shape a nutrition campaign. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Jun;99(6):717-22; quiz 723-4, 776. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10361535&dopt;=Abstract

Gortmaker SL, Cheung LW, Peterson KE, Chomitz G, Cradle JH, Dart H, Fox MK, Bullock RB, Sobol AM, Colditz G, Field AE, Laird N. Impact of a school-based interdisciplinary intervention on diet and physical activity among urban primary school children: eat well and keep moving. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999 Sep;153(9):975-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10482216&dopt;=Abstract

Gortmaker SL, Peterson K, Wiecha J, Sobol AM, Dixit S, Fox MK, Laird N. Reducing obesity via a school-based interdisciplinary intervention among youth: Planet Health. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999 Apr;153(4):409-18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10201726&dopt;=Abstract

Guidelines for school health programs to promote lifelong healthy eating. J Sch Health 1997 Jan;67(1):9-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8990041&dopt;=Abstract

Harden A, Peersman G, Oliver S, Mauthner M, Oakley A. A systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion interventions in the workplace. Occup Med (Lond) 1999 Nov;49(8):540-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10658308&dopt;=Abstract

Hebert JR, Stoddard AM, Harris DR, Sorensen G, Hunt MK, Morris DH, Ockene JK. Measuring the effect of a worksite-based nutrition intervention on food consumption. Ann Epidemiol 1993 Nov;3(6):629-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7921311&dopt;=Abstract

Holcomb JD, Lira J, Kingery PM, Smith DW, Lane D, Goodway J. Evaluation of Jump Into Action: a program to reduce the risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in school children on the Texas-Mexico border. J Sch Health 1998 Sep;68(7):282-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9779403&dopt;=Abstract

Hunt MK, Lederman R, Stoddard A, Potter S, Phillips J, Sorensen G. Process tracking results from the Treatwell 5-a-day worksite study. Am J Health Promot 2000 Jan-Feb;14(3):179-87.

Hunt MK, Stoddard AM, Peterson K, Sorensen G, Hebert JR, Cohen N. Comparison of dietary assessment measures in the Treatwell 5 A Day worksite study. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Sep;98(9):1021-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9739803&dopt;=Abstract

James DC, Rienzo BA, Frazee C. Using focus group interviews to understand school meal choices. J Sch Health 1996 Apr;66(4):128-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8683946&dopt;=Abstract

James DC, Rienzo BA, Frazee C. Using focus groups to develop a nutrition education video for high school students. J Sch Health 1997 Nov;67(9):376-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9471089&dopt;=Abstract

Jeffery RW, Forster JL, French SA, Kelder SH, Lando HA, McGovern PG, Jacobs DR Jr, Baxter JE. The Healthy Worker Project: a work-site intervention for weight control and smoking cessation. Am J Public Health 1993 Mar;83(3):395-401. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8438979&dopt;=Abstract

Johnson CC, Myers L, Webber LS, Hunter SM, Bonura SR, Berenson-GS. Learned helplessness with excess weight and other cardiovascular risk factors in children. Am J Health Behav 1997 Jan-Feb;21(1):51-9.

Johnson-Down L, O'Loughlin J, Koski KG, Gray-Donald K. High prevalence of obesity in low income and multiethnic schoolchildren: a diet and physical activity assessment. J Nutr 1997 Dec;127(12):2310-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9405579&dopt;=Abstract

Kilpatrick M, Ohannessian C, Bartholomew JB. Adolescent weight management and perceptions: an analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. J Sch Health 1999 Apr;69(4):148-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10354984&dopt;=Abstract

Kristal AR, Glanz K, Tilley BC, Li S. Mediating factors in dietary change: understanding the impact of a worksite nutrition intervention. Health Educ Behav 2000 Feb;27(1):112-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10709796&dopt;=Abstract

Levine J. Food industry marketing in elementary schools: implications for school health professionals. J Sch Health 1999 Sep;69(7):290-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10529968&dopt;=Abstract

Lindsay GB. Illustrating the impact of labor-saving devices. J Sch Health 1991 Aug;61(6):267-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1956174&dopt;=Abstract

Linnan LA, Fava JL, Thompson B, Emmons K, Basen-Engquist K, Probart C, Hunt MK, Heimendinger J. Measuring participatory strategies: instrument development for worksite populations. Health Educ Res 1999 Jun;14(3):371-86. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10539228&dopt;=Abstract

Mo-suwan L, Pongprapai S, Junjana C, Puetpaiboon A. Effects of a controlled trial of a school-based exercise program on the obesity indexes of preschool children. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Nov;68(5):1006-11. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9808215&dopt;=Abstract

Nayer C, Lee J. Tool box. The causes and consequences of obesity: a first step toward permanent change. AWHP Worksite Health 1998 Winter;5(1):34-7.

Neill K, Allensworth DD. A model to increase consumption of fruit and vegetables by implementing the "5-A-Day" initiative. J Sch Health 1994 Apr;64(4):150-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8035575&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark SD, Story M, Harris T. Beliefs and attitudes about obesity among teachers and school health care providers working with adolescents. J Nutr Educ 1999 Jan-Feb;31(1):3-9.

Neumark-Sztainer D. School-based programs for preventing eating disturbances. J Sch Health 1996 Feb;66(2):64-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8930012&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M. Recommendations from overweight youth regarding school-based weight control programs. J Sch Health 1997 Dec;67(10):428-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9503349&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Coller T. Perceptions of secondary school staff toward the implementation of school-based activities to prevent weight-related disorders: a needs assessment. Am J Health Promot 1999 Jan-Feb;13(3):153-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10351541&dopt;=Abstract

Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Faibisch L. Perceived stigmatization among overweight African-American and Caucasian adolescent girls. J Adolesc Health 1998 Nov;23(5):264-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9814386&dopt;=Abstract

Nicklas TA, Johnson CC, Myers L, Farris RP, Cunningham A. Outcomes of a high school program to increase fruit and vegetable consumption: Gimme 5--a fresh nutrition concept for students. J Sch Health 1998 Aug;68(6):248-53. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9719999&dopt;=Abstract

Parcel GS, Simon S, Morton B, OHara NM, Baranowski T, Wilson B. School promotion of healthful diet and physical activity--impact on learning outcomes and self-reported behavior. Health Educ Q 1989 Summer;16(2):181-99.

Price JH, Telljohann SK. School food-service directors' perceptions of childhood obesity. Psychol Rep 1994 Jun;74(3 Pt 2):1347-59. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8084956&dopt;=Abstract

Pritchard JE, Nowson CA, Wark JD. A worksite program for overweight middle-aged men achieves lesser weight loss with exercise than with dietary change. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jan;97(1):37-42. Comment in: J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Jun;97(6):583. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8990415&dopt;=Abstract

Resnicow K, Robinson TN, Frank E. Advances and future directions for school-based health promotion research: commentary on the CATCH intervention Trial. Prev Med 1996 Jul-Aug;25(4):378-83. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8812816&dopt;=Abstract

Rigby M. Health initiatives to help men fight the flab. Community Nurse 1999 Jun;5(5):33-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10513549&dopt;=Abstract

Ruzansky AS, Dobson JD. Determining the use and perceived effectiveness - of a point-of-purchase cafeteria nutrition education program. Can J Diet Pract Res 1998 Summer;59(2):90-2.

Snyder P, Anliker J, Cunningham-Sabo L, Dixon LB, Altaha J, Chamberlain A, Davis S, Evans M, Hurley J, Weber JL. The Pathways study: a model for lowering the fat in school meals. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Apr;69(4 Suppl):810S-815S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10195607&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen G, Hunt MK, Cohen N, Stoddard A, Stein E, Phillips J, Baker F, Combe C, Hebert J, Palombo R. Worksite and family education for dietary change: the Treatwell 5-a-Day program. Health Educ Res 1998 Dec;13(4):577-91. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10345908&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen G, Morris DM, Hunt MK, Hebert JR, Harris DR, Stoddard A, Ockene JK. Work-site nutrition intervention and employees' dietary habits: the Treatwell program. Am J Public Health 1992 Jun;82(6):877-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1316722&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen G, Stoddard A, Ockene JK, Hunt MK, Youngstrom R. Worker participation in an integrated health promotion/health protection program: results from the WellWorks project. Health Educ Q 1996 May;23(2):191-203. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8744872&dopt;=Abstract

Sorensen G, Stoddard A, Peterson K, Cohen N, Hunt MK, Stein E, Palombo R, Lederman R. Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption through worksites and families in the treatwell 5-a-day study. Am J Public Health 1999 Jan;89(1):54-60. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9987465&dopt;=Abstract

St Leger LH. The opportunities and effectiveness of the health promoting primary school in improving child health--a review of the claims and evidence. Health Educ Res 1999;14(1):51-69.

Stang JS, Story M, Kalina B. School-based weight management services: perceptions and practices of school nurses and administrators. Am J Health Promot 1997 Jan-Feb;11(3):183-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10165096&dopt;=Abstract

Story M. School-based approaches for preventing and treating obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Mar;23 Suppl 2:S43-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10340805&dopt;=Abstract

Toledo TM, Neumark-Sztainer D. Gem no. 304. Weighting for you!: Training for high school faculty and staff in the prevention and detection of weight-related disorders among adolescents. J Nutr Educ 1999 Sep-Oct;31(5):283A.

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Session VIII. Influences of Health Care and the Media on Obesity

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Session VIII. A. Health Care Practice and Policy Influences on Obesity

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Allison DB, Faith MS. A proposed heuristic for communicating heritability estimates to the general public, with obesity as an example. Behav Genet 1997 Sep;27(5):441-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9336080&dopt;=Abstract

Allison DB, Fontaine KR, Manson JE, Stevens J, VanItallie TB. Annual deaths attributable to obesity in the United States. JAMA 1999 Oct 27;282(16):1530-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10546692&dopt;=Abstract

American College of Sports Medicine. Roundtable: physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S497-667.

Ammon PK. Individualizing the approach to treating obesity. Nurse Pract 1999 Feb;24(2):27-8, 31, 36-8 passim. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10048077&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson DA, Wadden TA. Treating the obese patient. Suggestions for primary care practice. Arch Fam Med 1999 Mar-Apr;8(2):156-67. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10101987&dopt;=Abstract

Antipatis VJ, Kumanyika S, Jeffery RW, Morabia A, Ritenbaugh C. Confidence of health professionals in public health approaches to obesity prevention. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Sep;23(9):1004-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10490809&dopt;=Abstract

Apovian CM. Clinical dilemmas. Antiobesity drugs: should they be used in the treatment of obesity? Nutr Clin Pract 1998 Oct;13(5):251-6.

Armstrong CA, Sallis JF, Alcaraz JE, Kolody B, McKenzie TL, Hovell MF. Children's television viewing, body fat, and physical fitness. Am J Health Promot 1998 Jul-Aug;12(6):363-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10182087&dopt;=Abstract

Aronne LJ. Modern medical management of obesity: the role of pharmaceutical intervention. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Oct;98(10 Suppl 2):S23-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9787732&dopt;=Abstract

Aronne LJ. Obesity. Med Clin North Am 1998 Jan;82(1):161-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9457156&dopt;=Abstract

Ashutosh K, Methrotra K, Fragale-Jackson J. Effects of sustained weight loss and exercise on aerobic fitness in obese women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1997 Dec;37(4):252-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9509823&dopt;=Abstract

Assessment of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity. Results from an International Obesity Task Force workshop. Dublin, June 16 1997. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Jul;70(1):117S-175S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10419413&dopt;=Abstract

Begley CE. Government should strengthen regulation in the weight loss industry. J Am Diet Assoc 1991 Oct;91(10):1255-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1918746&dopt;=Abstract

Bellizzi MC, Dietz WH. Workshop on childhood obesity: summary of the discussion. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Jul;70(1):173S-175S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10419424&dopt;=Abstract

Bjorntorp P. Obesity. Lancet 1997 Aug 9;350(9075):423-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9259667&dopt;=Abstract

Blackburn GL. Comparison of medically supervised and unsupervised approaches to weight loss and control. Ann Intern Med 1993 Oct 1;119(7 Pt 2):714-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8363203&dopt;=Abstract

Blackburn GL, Miller D, Chan S. Pharmaceutical treatment of obesity. Nurs Clin North Am 1997 Dec;32(4):831-48. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9386228&dopt;=Abstract

Boutelle KN, Kirschenbaum DS, Baker RC, Mitchell ME. How can obese weight controllers minimize weight gain during the high risk holiday season? By self-monitoring very consistently. Health Psychol 1999 Jul;18(4):364-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10431937&dopt;=Abstract

Braet C, Van Winckel M, Van Leeuwen K. Follow-up results of different treatment programs for obese children. Acta Paediatr 1997 Apr;86(4):397-402. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9174227&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Coherent, preventive and management strategies for obesity. Ciba Found Symp 1996;201:228-46; discussion 246-54. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9017284&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Obesity: historical development of scientific and cultural ideas. Int J Obes 1990 Nov;14(11):909-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2276853&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Progress in understanding the genetics of obesity. J Nutr 1997 May;127(5 Suppl):940S-942S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9164269&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. A retrospective view of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1992 Dec;16 Suppl 3:S1-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1338316&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. Treatment of obesity in the elderly. Clin Geriatr 1999 Jul;7(8):41-4, 47-9, 53-4 passim.

Bray GA, DeLany J. Opinions of obesity experts on the causes and treatment of obesity--a new survey. Obes Res 1995 Nov;3 Suppl 4:419S-423S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8697039&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA, Greenway FL. Current and potential drugs for treatment of obesity. Endocr Rev 1999 Dec;20(6):805-75. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10605627&dopt;=Abstract

Bussey BF, Morgan SL. Obesity: is there effective treatment now? Consultant 1997 Nov;37(11):2945-8, 2950-3, 2957.

Camp K. Genetics in clinical dietetic practice: a pediatric perspective. Top Clin Nutr 1999 Sep;14(4):6-21.

Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults--The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health. Obes Res 1998 Sep;6 Suppl 2:51S-209S. Published erratum appears in Obes Res 1998 Nov;6(6):464. Comment in: Obes Res 1998 Nov;6(6):461-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9813653&dopt;=Abstract

Colditz GA. Economic costs of obesity and inactivity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S663-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593542&dopt;=Abstract

Comuzzie AG, Allison DB. The search for human obesity genes. Science 1998 May 29;280(5368):1374-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9603720&dopt;=Abstract

Cowburn G, Hillsdon M, Hankey CR. Obesity management by life-style strategies. Br Med Bull 1997;53(2):389-408. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9246842&dopt;=Abstract

Crombie N. Obesity management. Nurs Stand 1999 Aug 11-17;13(47):43-6.

D'Eramo-Melkus G. Obesity and weight loss. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract 1997 Jul-Aug;1(3):243-51.

Dietitians and dietary treatments for obesity: a move towards evidence-based practice... Proceedings from the ASO and BDA symposium held on 25 November 1997 at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London. J Hum Nutr Diet 1998 Jun;11(3):189-256.

Dietz WH, Bellizzi MC. Introduction: the use of body mass index to assess obesity in children. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Jul;70(1):123S-125S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10419414&dopt;=Abstract

Dietz WH, Robinson TN. Assessment and treatment of childhood obesity. Pediatr Rev 1993 Sep;14(9):337-43; quiz 344. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8247968&dopt;=Abstract

DiPietro L. Physical activity in the prevention of obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S542-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593525&dopt;=Abstract

Douketis JD, Feightner JW, Attia J, Feldman WF. Periodic health examination, 1999 update: 1. Detection, prevention and treatment of obesity. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. CMAJ 1999 Feb 23;160(4):513-25. Comment in: CMAJ 1999 Feb 23;160(4):503-6; CMAJ 1999 Jun 29;160(13):1820-1; CMAJ 1999 Jun 29;160(13):1821; ACP J Club 1999 Jul-Aug;131(1):20.

Egger G, Swinburn B. An "ecological" approach to the obesity pandemic. BMJ 1997 Aug 23;315(7106):477-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9284671&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH. Commentary: future research directions in pediatric obesity research. J Pediatr Psychol 1999 Jun;24(3):251-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10379139&dopt;=Abstract

Epstein LH. Primary care update. Helping obese youngsters lose weight: what works... what doesn't? Consultant 1998 Oct;38(10):2462, 2471-2, 2475.

Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation and Treatment of Overweight in Adults. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: executive summary. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Oct;68(4):899-917. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9771869&dopt;=Abstract

Ezzat S. Is pharmacotherapy an option in the management of obesity?... proceedings of the Toronto Diabetes Association 1997 Annual Meeting and Scientific Day on "The pathogenesis and treatment of obesity". Can J Diabetes Care 1998 Mar;22(1):S9-12.

Faith MS, Johnson SL, Allison DB. Putting the behavior into the behavior genetics of obesity. Behav Genet 1997 Jul;27(4):423-39.

Finally: best practices available for obesity. Healthc Benchmarks 1998 Sep;5(9):141-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10186000&dopt;=Abstract

Finn SC. Fat: can't live with it, can't live without it part II. J Womens Health 1999 Jan-Feb;8(1):33-8.

Flegal KM. The obesity epidemic in children and adults: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S509-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593520&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP. An etiologic approach to obesity. Hosp Pract (Off Ed) 1997 Aug 15;32(8):123-4, 126, 128 passim. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9275967&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP, Goodrick GK. Evidence for success of behavior modification in weight loss and control. Ann Intern Med 1993 Oct 1;119(7 Pt 2):698-701. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8363200&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP, Goodrick GK. Impact on behavior therapy on weight loss. Am J Health Promot 1994 Jul-Aug;8(6):466-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10147276&dopt;=Abstract

Foreyt JP, Poston WS 2nd, Goodrick GK. Future directions in obesity and eating disorders. Addict Behav 1996 Nov-Dec;21(6):767-78. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8904942&dopt;=Abstract

Frank A. Conflicts in the care of overweight patients: inconsistent rules and insufficient money. Obes Res 1997 May;5(3):268-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9192402&dopt;=Abstract

Frank A. A multidisciplinary approach to obesity management: the physician's role and team care alternatives. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Oct;98(10 Suppl 2):S44-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9787736&dopt;=Abstract

Gallagher S. Tailoring care for obese patients. RN 1999 May;62(5):43-6, 48; quiz 50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10418525&dopt;=Abstract

Gallagher SM. Restructuring the therapeutic environment to promote care and safety for the obese patient. J WOCN 1999 Nov;26(6):292-7.

Galuska DA, Will JC, Serdula MK, Ford ES. Are health care professionals advising obese patients to lose weight? JAMA 1999 Oct 27;282(16):1576-8. Comment in: JAMA 1999 Oct 27;282(16):1581-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10546698&dopt;=Abstract

Garaulet M, Perez-Llamas F, Zamora S, Tebar FJ. Weight loss and possible reasons for dropping out of a dietary/behavioural programme in the treatment of overweight patients. J Hum Nutr Diet 1999 Jun;12(3):219-27.

Garrow JS. Exercise in the treatment of obesity: a marginal contribution. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995 Oct;19 Suppl 4:S126-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8581088&dopt;=Abstract

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Greenberg I, Chan S, Blackburn GL. Nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management of weight gain. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60 Suppl 21:31-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10548140&dopt;=Abstract

Grundy SM. Multifactorial causation of obesity: implications for prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Mar;67(3 Suppl):563S-572S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9497171&dopt;=Abstract

Grundy SM. Second International Conference on Fats and Oil Consumption in Health and Disease: how we can optimize dietary composition to combat metabolic complications and decrease obesity. Overview. Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Mar;67(3 Suppl):497S-499S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9497159&dopt;=Abstract

Grundy SM, Blackburn G, Higgins M, Lauer R, Perri MG, Ryan D. Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11 Suppl):S502-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10593519&dopt;=Abstract

Grundy SM, Blackburn G, Higgins M, Lauer R, Perri MG, Ryan D. Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities: evidence report of independent panel to assess the role of physical activity in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Nov;31(11):1493-500. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10589848&dopt;=Abstract

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Sims LS. Federal Trade Commission study on food health claims in advertising: Implications for nutrition education and policy. J Nutr Educ 1999 Nov-Dec;31(6):355-9.

Slyper AH. Childhood obesity, adipose tissue distribution, and the pediatric practitioner. Pediatrics 1998 Jul;102(1):e4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9651456&dopt;=Abstract

Solomon CG, Manson JE. Obesity and mortality: a review of the epidemiologic data. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Oct;66(4 Suppl):1044S-1050S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9322585&dopt;=Abstract

St Jeor ST. New trends in weight management. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 Oct;97(10):1096-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9336553&dopt;=Abstract

St Jeor ST. The role of weight management in the health of women. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Sep;93(9):1007-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8360404&dopt;=Abstract

St Jeor ST, Brunner RL, Harrington ME, Scott BJ, Daugherty SA, Cutter GR, Brownell KD, Dyer AR, Foreyt JP. A classification system to evaluate weight maintainers, gainers, and losers. J Am Diet Assoc 1997 May;97(5):481-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9145085&dopt;=Abstract

Stich V, Hainer V, Barbes P, De Glisezinsky I, Parizkora J, Crampes F. Physical activity in the prevention and management of obesity. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997;82:219-28. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9270324&dopt;=Abstract

Stone NJ, Kushner R. Effects of dietary modification and treatment of obesity. Emphasis on improving vascular outcomes. Med Clin North Am 2000 Jan;84(1):95-122. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10685130&dopt;=Abstract

The aftermath of fen/phen: obesity still not treated as a chronic disease: FDA guidelines for diet drug users prevent problems. Dis State Manage 1998 May;4(5):49-52.

The great weight debate. Consum Rep Health 1999 Jan;11(1):4-6.

The Obesity Epidemic: A Mandate for a Multidisciplinary Approach. Proceedings of a roundtable. Boston, Massachusetts USA. October 27 1997. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Oct;98(10 Suppl 2):S1-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9841247&dopt;=Abstract

Thompson D, Edelsberg J, Kinsey KL, Oster G. Estimated economic costs of obesity to U.S. business. Am J Health Promot 1998 Nov-Dec;13(2):120-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10346659&dopt;=Abstract

Van Horn L, Donato K, Kumanyika S, Winston M, Prewitt TE, Snetselaar L. The dietitian's role in developing and implementing the first federal obesity guidelines. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Oct. Published erratum appears in J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Dec;98(12):1902;98(10):1115-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9787716&dopt;=Abstract

Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Vogt RA, Steen SN, Stunkard AJ, Foster GD. Lifestyle modification in the pharmacologic treatment of obesity: a pilot investigation of a potential primary care approach. Obes Res 1997 May;5(3):218-26. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9192396&dopt;=Abstract

Wadden TA, Frey DL. A multicenter evaluation of a proprietary weight loss program for the treatment of marked obesity: a five-year follow-up. Int J Eat Disord 1997 Sep;22(2):203-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9261660&dopt;=Abstract

Wadden TA, Vogt RA, Andersen RE, Bartlett SJ, Foster GD, Kuehnel RH, Wilk J, Weinstock R, Buckenmeyer P, Berkowitz RI, Steen SN. Exercise in the treatment of obesity: effects of four interventions on body composition, resting energy expenditure, appetite, and mood. J Consult Clin Psychol 1997 Apr;65(2):269-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9086690&dopt;=Abstract

Weinsier RL. Genes and obesity: is there reason to change our behaviors? Ann Intern Med 1999 Jun 1;130(11):938-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10375343&dopt;=Abstract

Weiser M, Frishman WH, Michaelson MD, Abdeen MA. The pharmacologic approach to the treatment of obesity. J Clin Pharmacol 1997 Jun;37(6):453-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9208352&dopt;=Abstract

Willett WC, Dietz WH, Colditz GA. Guidelines for healthy weight. N Engl J Med 1999 Aug 5;341(6):427-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10432328&dopt;=Abstract

Wilson N, Quigley R, Mansoor O. Food ads on TV: a health hazard for children? Aust N Z J Public Health 1999 Dec;23(6):647-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10641359&dopt;=Abstract

Wing RR, Greeno CG. Behavioural and psychosocial aspects of obesity and its treatment. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994 Jul;8(3):689-703. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7980352&dopt;=Abstract

Wolf AM. Impact of obesity on healthcare delivery costs. Am J Manage Care 1998 Mar;4(3):S141-5, S158-60.

Yanovski SZ, Bain RP, Williamson DF. Report of a National Institutes of Health--Centers for Disease Control and Prevention workshop on the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial to estimate the long-term health effects of intentional weight loss in obese persons. Am J Clin Nutr 1999 Mar;69(3):366-72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10075318&dopt;=Abstract

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Session VIII. B. Media Influences on Obesity

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Allison DB, Faith MS, Gorman BS. Publication bias in obesity treatment trials? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996 Oct;20(10):931-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8910098&dopt;=Abstract

Andersen RE, Crespo CJ, Bartlett SJ, Cheskin LJ, Pratt M. Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 1998 Mar 25;279(12):938-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9544768&dopt;=Abstract

Andersen RE, Wadden TA, Bartlett SJ, Zemel B, Verde TJ, Franckowiak SC. Effects of lifestyle activity vs structured aerobic exercise in obese women: a randomized trial. JAMA 1999 Jan 27;281(4):335-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9929261&dopt;=Abstract

Avery RJ, Mathios A, Shanahan J, Bisogni C. Food and nutrition messages communicated through prime-time television. J Public Policy Mark 1997 Fall;16(2):217-22.

Borra ST, Earl R, Hogan EH. Paucity of nutrition and food safety 'news you can use' reveals opportunity for dietetics practitioners. J Am Diet Assoc 1998 Feb;98(2):190-3.

Bray GA. Obesity research and medical journalism. Obes Res 1995 Jan;3(1):65-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7712362&dopt;=Abstract

Bray GA. The tide shifts again: the ebb and flow of history. Obes Res 1995 Nov;3(6):605-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8653538&dopt;=Abstract

Byrd-Bredbenner C, Grasso D. Health, medicine, and food messages in television commercials during 1992 and 1998. J Sch Health 2000 Feb;70(2):61-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10715827&dopt;=Abstract

Charren P. Children's television: a conflict of interests. Pediatr Ann 1985 Dec;14(12):789-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=4088711&dopt;=Abstract

Cheung L. Do media influence childhood obesity? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 Oct 29;699:104-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8267300&dopt;=Abstract

Chew F, Palmer S, Kim S. Testing the influence of the health belief model and a television program on nutrition behavior. Health Commun 1998;10(3):227-45.

Crawford DA, Jeffery RW, French SA. Television viewing, physical inactivity and obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999 Apr;23(4):437-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10340824&dopt;=Abstract

Dietz WH. Television, obesity, and eating disorders. Adolesc Med 1993 Oct;4(3):543-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10356231&dopt;=Abstract

Dietz WH. You are what you eat--what you eat is what you are. J Adolesc Health Care 1990 Jan;11(1):76-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2307599&dopt;=Abstract

Dietz WH, Strasburger VC. Children, adolescents, and television. Curr Probl Pediatr 1991 Jan;21(1):8-31; discussion 32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2022120&dopt;=Abstract

Field AE, Cheung L, Wolf AM, Herzog DB, Gortmaker SL, Colditz GA. Exposure to the mass media and weight concerns among girls. Pediatrics 1999 Mar;103(3):E36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10049992&dopt;=Abstract

Fouts G, Burggraf K. Television situation comedies: Female body images and verbal reinforcements. Sex Roles 1999 Mar;40(506):473-81.

Fox D, et al. How television commercials affect children's attitudes and eating behavior. Paper presented at: 88th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association; 1980 Sep 1-5; Montreal. 33 p. Available from: ERIC Document Reproduction Service, Springfield, VA; ED192924.

Gaesser GA, Miller WC. Symposium: has body weight become an unhealthy obsession? Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 Aug;31(8):1118-46.

Gamble M, Cotugna N. A quarter century of TV food advertising targeted at children. Am J Health Behav 1999 Jul-Aug;23(4):261-7.

Gortmaker SL, Dietz WH Jr, Cheung LW. Inactivity, diet, and the fattening of America. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Sep;90(9):1247-52, 1255. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2398216&dopt;=Abstract

Gortmaker SL, Must A, Sobol AM, Peterson K, Colditz GA, Dietz WH. Television viewing as a cause of increasing obesity among children in the United States, 1986-1990. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996 Apr;150(4):356-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8634729&dopt;=Abstract

Hackman EM, Moe GL. Evaluation of newspaper reports of nutrition-related research. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Dec;99(12):1564-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10608952&dopt;=Abstract

Hammond KM, Wyllie A, Casswell S. The extent and nature of televised food advertising to New Zealand children and adolescents. Aust N Z J Public Health 1999 Feb;23(1):49-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10083689&dopt;=Abstract

Hammond SL, Freimuth VS, Morrison W. Radio and teens: Convincing gatekeepers to air health messages. Health Commun 1990;2(2):59-67.

Jason LA, Brackshaw E. Access to TV contingent on physical activity: effects on reducing TV-viewing and body-weight. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 1999 Jun;30(2):145-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10489090&dopt;=Abstract

Jeffrey DB, McLellarn RW, Fox DT. The development of children's eating habits: the role of television commercials. Health Educ Q 1982 Summer-Fall;9(2-3):174-89. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7169326&dopt;=Abstract

Katzmarzyk PT, Malina RM, Song TM, Bouchard C. Television viewing, physical activity, and health-related fitness of youth in the Quebec Family Study. J Adolesc Health 1998 Nov;23(5):318-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9814394&dopt;=Abstract

King KA, Bradley CB, Daniels KL, Islam R, Price JH. The depiction of exercise on prime-time television. J Health Educ 1999 May-Jun;30(3):137-41, 149-50.

Kotz K, Story M. Food advertisements during children's Saturday morning television programming: are they consistent with dietary recommendations? J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Nov;94(11):1296-300. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7963175&dopt;=Abstract

Lank NH, Vickery CE, Cotugna N, Shade DD. Food commercials during television soap operas: what is the nutrition message? J Community Health 1992 Dec;17(6):377-84. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1293143&dopt;=Abstract

Lewis MK, Hill AJ. Food advertising on British children's television: a content analysis and experimental study with nine-year olds. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998 Mar;22(3):206-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9539187&dopt;=Abstract

McCreary DR, Sadava SW. Television viewing and self-perceived health, weight, and physical fitness: Evidence for the cultivation hypothesis. J Appl Soc Psychol 1999 Nov;29(11):2342-61.

Meyers AW, Graves TJ, Whelan JP, Barclay DR. An evaluation of a television-delivered behavioral weight loss program: are the ratings acceptable? 1996 Feb;64(1):172-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8907097&dopt;=Abstract

O'Keefe GJ, Boyd HH, Brown MR. Who learns preventive health care information from where: Cross-channel and repetoire comparisons. Health Commun 1998;10(1):25-36.

Ostbye T, Pomerleau J, White M, Coolich M, McWhinney J. Food and nutrition in Canadian "prime time" television commercials. Can J Public Health 1993 Nov-Dec;84(6):370-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8131138&dopt;=Abstract

Reger B, Wootan MG, Booth-Butterfield S. Using mass media to promote healthy eating: A community-based demonstration project. Prev Med 1999 Nov;29(5):414-21. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10564633&dopt;=Abstract

Rissel CE. Overweight and television watching. Aust J Public Health 1991 Jun;15(2):147-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1912057&dopt;=Abstract

Robinson TN. Reducing children's television viewing to prevent obesity: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999 Oct 27;282(16):1561-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10546696&dopt;=Abstract

Robinson TN. Television advertising for health. Pediatr Ann 1995 Feb;24(2):73-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7724253&dopt;=Abstract

Robinson TN, Hammer LD, Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Wilson DM, Hayward C, Taylor CB. Does television viewing increase obesity and reduce physical activity? Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses among adolescent girls. Pediatrics 1993 Feb;91(2):273-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8424000&dopt;=Abstract

Sidney S, Sternfeld B, Haskell WL, Jacobs DR Jr, Chesney MA, Hulley SB. Television viewing and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults: the CARDIA study. Ann Epidemiol 1996 Mar;6(2):154-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8775596&dopt;=Abstract

Signorielli N, Staples J. Television and children's conceptions of nutrition. Health Commun 1997;9(4):289-301.

Taras HL, Gage M. Advertised foods on children's television. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995 Jun;149(6):649-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7767420&dopt;=Abstract

Taras HL, Sallis JF, Patterson TL, Nader PR, Nelson JA. Television's influence on children's diet and physical activity. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1989 Aug;10(4):176-80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2768484&dopt;=Abstract

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Session VIII. C. Internet Sites on Obesity

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American Obesity Association. Comments of the American Obesity Association on Healthy People 2010 [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Association; [modified 1999 Aug 12; cited 2000 Apr 21]. [75 p.]. Available from: http://www.obesity.org/AOA_HP2010.htm

American Obesity Association. Healthy weight 2010: objectives for achieving and maintaining a healthy population [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Association ; c2000 Jan [revised Apr 5; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.obesity.org/HealthyWeight_2010.htm

American Obesity Association [homepage on the internet]. Washington (DC): The Association; c2000 [revised 2000 Apr 5; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.obesity.org/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [homepage on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): The Centers; [modified 2000 Apr 21; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Health topic: obesity/overweight. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/health/obesity.htm

Cummings SM, Goodrick GK, Foreyt JP. Position of The American Dietetic Association: weight management [monograph on the Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dietetic Association; c1996-1999 [modified 1998 Apr 8; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.eatright.org/adap0197.html

Federal Trade Commission [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Commission; 1999 Feb [modified 1999 Nov 9; cited 2000 Apr 14]. Setting goals for weight loss; [5 p.]. Available from: http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/health/setgoals.htm

Federal Trade Commission [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Commission; [modified 1999 Jun 11; cited 2000 Apr 14]. Advertising cases involving weight loss products and services: 1927-April 1997; [10 p.]. Available from: http://www.ftc.gov/opa/1997/9703/dietcase.htm

Gross WC, Daynard M, editors. Commercial weight loss products and programs: what consumers stand to gain and lose. Report of the presiding panel [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Federal Trade Commission (US); [modified 1998 Aug 28; cited 2000 Apr 19]. [32 p.]. Available from: http://www.ftc.gov/os/1998/9803/weightlo.rpt.htm

Guidelines for school health programs to promote lifelong healthy eating. MMWR Morb Mortal Week Rep [serial on the Internet] 1996 Jun 14 [modified 1999 May 24; cited 2000 Apr 21];45(RR-9):1-33. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00042446.htm

Health implications of obesity. NIH Consens Statement Online [serial on the Internet] 1985 Feb 11-13 [cited 2000 Apr 19];5(9):1-7. Available from: http://text.nlm.nih.gov/nih/cdc/www/49txt.html

Healthy weight, healthy living. Part iv: what happens next? [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Shape Up America; [modified 2000 Feb 26; cited 2000 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.shapeup.org/publications/hwhl/part4a.htm

International Association for the Study of Obesity [homepage on the Internet]. London (UK): The Association; [modified 2000 Feb 10; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.iaso.org/

MEDLINEplus [database on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [updated 2000 Apr 24; cited 2000 Apr 24]. Obesity. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/obesity.html

Methods for voluntary weight loss and control. NIH Technol Assess Statement [serial on the Internet] 1992 Mar 30 - Apr 1 [cited 2000 Apr 14];(10):[27 p.]. Available from: http://odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/ta/010/010_statement.htm

National Center for Health Statistics [homepage on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); [updated 1999 Dec 24; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Overweight prevalence; [1 p.]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/overwt.htm

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US). Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; 1998 Sep [cited 2000 Apr 21]. In cooperation with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/ob_gdlns.htm

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD).: The Institute; [modified 2000 Mar 24; cited 2000 Apr 14]. Aim for a healthy weight. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/index.htm

National Institute of Child Health and Development (US), Developmental Endocrinology Branch. Unit on growth and obesity [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [revised 2000 Jan 21; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://dir.nichd.nih.gov/deb/ugo/ugo.htm

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [cited 2000 Apr 19]. Weight loss and control publications online. Available from: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/nutrit/nutrit.htm

North American Association for the Study of Obesity [homepage on the Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): The Association; [updated 2000 Apr 25; cited 2000 Apr 25]. Available from: http://www.naaso.org/

Nutrition Education for Diverse Audiences Database [database on the Internet]. [Illinois?]: University of Illinois Cooperative Extension Service Illinet Department; [modified 2000 Feb 25; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.reeusda.gov/4h/efnep/necd.htm#necd

Obesity epidemic increases dramatically in the United States: CDC director calls for national prevention effort [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US); [updated 1999 Nov 16; cited 2000 Apr 19]. [3 p.]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity.htm

Partnership for Healthy Weight Management. Voluntary guidelines for providers of weight loss products or services [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Federal Trade Commission (US); 1999 Feb [modified 1999 Mar 15; cited 2000 Apr 19]. [7 p.]. Available from: http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/buspubs/wgtguide.htm

Partnership for Healthy Weight Management [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Partnership; 1999 Feb 11 [modified 1999 Nov 18; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.consumer.gov/weightloss/

Shape Up America! [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Shape Up America; c1996-2000 [modified 2000 Feb 25; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.shapeup.org/

Strasburger VC. Children, adolescents, and the media: five crucial issues [monograph on the Internet]. [Minneapolis?]: University of Minnesota, Children Youth and Family Consortium Electronic Clearinghouse; 1993 [modified 1999 Nov 30; cited 2000 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.cyfc.umn.edu/Documents/C/B/CB1030.html

Strategy Development Workshop for Public Education on Weight and Obesity. Summary report: 1992 Sep 24-25; Bethesda, MD [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health (US), Office of Medical Applications of Research; [modified 1999 Oct 12: cited 2000 Apr 24]. [156 p.]. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/heart/obesity/wtob.txt. Also available from: ERIC Document Reproduction Service, Springfield, VA; ED382621.

Unversity of York, NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. A systematic review of the interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity, and the maintenance of weight loss. York (UK): The University; [modified 2000 Apr 13; cited 2000 Apr 21]. (CRD report; 10). Available from: http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/crd/obesity.htm. Also published in International Journal of Obesity 1997;21:715-37.

Weight-control Information Network [database on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (US); [cited 2000 Apr 14]. Available from: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/nutrit/win.htm

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Session IX. Environment and Healthy Lifestyles

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Session IX. A. Potential for Changing Individual Lifestyles

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Adams R. Revised Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire. Can Fam Physician 1999 Apr;45:992, 995, 1004-5. (Eng, Fre). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10216799&dopt;=Abstract

Aish A. A comparison of female and male cardiac patients' response to nursing care promoting nutritional self-care. Can J Cardiovasc Nurs 1996;7(3):4-13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9136305&dopt;=Abstract

Aish AE, Isenberg M. Effects of Orem-based nursing intervention on nutritional self-care of myocardial infarction patients. Int J Nurs Stud 1996 Jun;33(3):259-70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8736471&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IX. B. Prototype of a Healthy Community

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Wagner MG. Whither goest nutrition? Nutr Health 1986;4(3):135-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3774247&dopt;=Abstract

Ward J, Collins G, Walmsley J. A model for implementing Healthy People 2000 objectives in African-American communities in California. Ethn Dis 1993 Spring;3(2):158-68. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8324493&dopt;=Abstract

Webster P. Review of the "City Health Profiles" produced by WHO-Healthy Cities--do they present information on health and its determinants and what are their perceived benefits? J Epidemiol Community Health 1999 Feb;53(2):125-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10396474&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IX. C. Schools as Change Agents

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ADA recommends that school feeding programs follow the US dietary guidelines: testimony before the USDA. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Jan;94(1):26-8. Comment in: J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Apr;94(4):374. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7741817&dopt;=Abstract

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Eddy JM, Fitzhugh E, Gold RS, Wojtowicz GG. A worksite health promotion model for public schools. J Health Educ 1996 Jan-Feb;27(1):48-50.

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Epstein LH, Masek BJ, Marshall WR. A nutritionally based school program for control of eating in obese children. Behav Ther 1978 Nov;9(5):766-78.

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Session IX. D. Worksite Interventions

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Abrams DB, Follick MJ. Behavioral weight-loss intervention at the worksite: feasibility and maintenance. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983 Apr;51(2):226-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6841766&dopt;=Abstract

Alexy B. Workplace health promotion and the blue collar worker. AAOHN J 1990 Jan;38(1):12-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2297370&dopt;=Abstract

Alexy B, Eynon D. A strategy for health promotion at multiple corporate sites. AAOHN J 1991 Feb;39(2):53-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1993084&dopt;=Abstract

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Anderson J, Dusenbury L. Worksite cholesterol and nutrition: an intervention project in Colorado. AAOHN J 1999 Mar;47(3):99-106. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10347395&dopt;=Abstract

Angotti CM, Levine MS. Review of 5 years of a combined dietary and physical fitness intervention for control of serum cholesterol. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Jun;94(6):634-8; quiz 639-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8195552&dopt;=Abstract

Baer JT. Improved plasma cholesterol levels in men after a nutrition education program at the worksite. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Jun;93(6):658-63. Comment in: J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Feb;94(2):145. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8389779&dopt;=Abstract

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Beresford SA, Shannon J, McLerran D, Thompson B. Seattle 5-a-Day Work-Site Project: process evaluation. Health Educ Behav 2000 Apr;27(2):213-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10768802&dopt;=Abstract

Bernacki EJ, Baun WB. The relationship of job performance to exercise adherence in a corporate fitness program. J Occup Med 1984 Jul;26(7):529-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6747739&dopt;=Abstract

Berry MW, Danish SJ, Rinke WJ, Smiciklas-Wright H. Work-site health promotion: the effects of a goal-setting program on nutrition-related behaviors. J Am Diet Assoc 1989 Jul;89(7):914-20, 923. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2745908&dopt;=Abstract

Biener L, Glanz K, McLerran D, Sorensen G, Thompson B, Basen-Engquist K, Linnan L, Varnes J. Impact of the Working Well Trial on the worksite smoking and nutrition environment. Health Educ Behav 1999 Aug;26(4):478-94. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10435233&dopt;=Abstract

Blair SN, Piserchia PV, Wilbur CS, Crowder JH. A public health intervention model for work-site health promotion. Impact on exercise and physical fitness in a health promotion plan after 24 months. JAMA 1986 Feb 21;255(7):921-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3944998&dopt;=Abstract

Blake SM, Caspersen CJ, Finnegan J, Crow RA, Mittlemark MB, Ringhofer KR. The shape up challenge: a community-based worksite exercise competition. Am J Health Promot 1996 Sep-Oct;11(1):23-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10163448&dopt;=Abstract

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Bowne DW. Physical fitness programs for industry - an extravagance or a wise investment? Trans Assoc Life Insur Med Dir Am 1980;64:210-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7331178&dopt;=Abstract

Bowne DW, Russell ML, Morgan JL, Optenberg SA, Clarke AE. Reduced disability and health care costs in an industrial fitness program. J Occup Med 1984 Nov;26(11):809-16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6502284&dopt;=Abstract

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Braeckman L, De Bacquer D, Maes L, De Backer G. Effects of a low-intensity worksite-based nutrition intervention. Occup Med (Lond) 1999 Nov;49(8):549-55. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10658309&dopt;=Abstract

Brailey LJ. It takes more than will power: the use of behavioral self-control in weight reduction. Occup Health Nurs 1982 May;30(5):17-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6918883&dopt;=Abstract

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Briley ME, Montgomery DH, Blewett J. Dietary intakes of police department employees in a wellness program. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Jan;90(1):65-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2295760&dopt;=Abstract

Briley ME, Montgomery DH, Blewett J. Worksite nutrition education can lower total cholesterol levels and promote weight loss among police department employees. J Am Diet Assoc 1992 Nov;92(11):1382-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1430725&dopt;=Abstract

Bruno R, Arnold C, Jacobson L, Winick M, Wynder E. Randomized controlled trial of a nonpharmacologic cholesterol reduction program at the worksite. Prev Med 1983 Jul;12(4):523-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6622436&dopt;=Abstract

Buller D, Buller MK, Larkey L, Sennott-Miller L, Taren D, Aickin M, Wentzel TM, Morrill C. Implementing a 5-a-day peer health educator program for public sector labor and trades employees. Health Educ Behav 2000 Apr;27(2):232-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10768804&dopt;=Abstract

Buller DB, Morrill C, Taren D, Aickin M, Sennott-Miller L, Buller MK, Larkey L, Alatorre C, Wentzel TM. Randomized trial testing the effect of peer education at increasing fruit and vegetable intake. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999 Sep 1;91(17):1491-500. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10469751&dopt;=Abstract

Burn GE, Naylor PJ, Page A. Assessment of stages of change for exercise within a worksite lifestyle screening program. Am J Health Promot 1999 Jan-Feb;13(3):143-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10351538&dopt;=Abstract

Cantlon AT, Lillios IT. The role of dietitians in a work-site health promotion program. J Am Diet Assoc 1986 Mar;86(3):367-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3950282&dopt;=Abstract

Chenoweth DH. Planning health promotion at the worksite. 2nd ed. Dubuque (IA): WCB, Brown & Benchmark; 1991. 305 p.

Cole G, Leonard B, Hammond S, Fridinger F. Using "stages of behavioral change" constructs to measure the short- term effects of a worksite-based intervention to increase moderate physical activity. Psychol Rep 1998 Apr;82(2):615-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9621738&dopt;=Abstract

Conrad P. Health and fitness at work: a participants' perspective. Soc Sci Med 1988;26(5):545-50. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3353763&dopt;=Abstract

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Corry JM. MetLife's experience with fitness and wellness programming. Stat Bull Metrop Insur Co 1990 Oct-Dec;71(4):19-20, 22-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2237732&dopt;=Abstract

Davis KE, Jackson KL, Kronenfeld JJ, Blair SN. Determinants of participation in worksite health promotion activities. Health Educ Q 1987 Summer;14(2):195-205. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3597109&dopt;=Abstract

DeJoy DM, Wilson MG, editors. Critical issues in worksite health promotion. Boston (MA): Allyn and Bacon; 1995. 299 p.

Deobil SJ. Physical fitness for retirees. Am J Health Promot 1989 Nov-Dec;4(2):85-90. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10296287&dopt;=Abstract

Department of Health and Human Services (US), Public Health Service. Healthy worksites: a directory of Federal initiatives in worksite health promotion. [Washington (DC)] : The Department; 1992. 24 p.

DiNubile NA, Sherman C. Exercise and the bottom line: promoting physical and fiscal fitness in the workplace. Physician Sportsmed 1999 Feb;27(2):37-8, 40,43, passim.

Dishman RK, Oldenburg B, O'Neal H, Shephard RJ. Worksite physical activity interventions. Am J Prev Med 1998 Nov;15(4):344-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9838977&dopt;=Abstract

Dwyer GB, Dwyer ES. Participation and psychological changes among retirees in a corporate fitness program. Am J Health Promot 1992 Jan-Feb;6(3):167-8, 236. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10146828&dopt;=Abstract

Eakin JM, Gotay CC, Rademaker AW, Cowell JW. Factors associated with enrollment in an employee fitness center. J Occup Med 1988 Aug;30(8):633-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3171720&dopt;=Abstract

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Eddy JM, Fitzhugh E, Gold RS, Wojtowicz GG. A worksite health promotion model for public schools. J Health Educ 1996 Jan-Feb;27(1):48-50.

Everett MD. Strategies for increasing employees' level of exercise and physical fitness. J Occup Med 1979 Jul;21(7):463-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=469609&dopt;=Abstract

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Glasgow RE, Terborg JR, Hollis JF, Severson HH, Fisher KJ, Boles SM, Pettigrew EL, Foster LS, Strycker LA, Bischoff S. Modifying dietary and tobacco use patterns in the worksite: the Take Heart Project. Health Educ Q 1994 Spring;21(1):69-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8188494&dopt;=Abstract

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Hanlon P, Carey L, Tannahill C, Kelly M, Gilmour H, Tannahill A, McEwen J. Behaviour change following a workplace health check: How much change occurs and who changes? Health Promot Int 1998 Jun;13(2):131-9.

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Trudeau MB. Evaluating health promotion in the workplace: report of a Conference on Health Promotion in the Workplace--evaluation and its pitfalls; 1980. Washington (DC) : National Academy Press; 1981. 49 p. (IOM publication; no. 81-002).

Tsai SP, Baun WB, Bernacki EJ. Relationship of employee turnover to exercise adherence in a corporate fitness program. J Occup Med 1987 Jul;29(7):572-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3612332&dopt;=Abstract

Tuomi K, Ilmarinen J, Seitsamo J, Huuhtanen P, Martikainen R, Nygard CH, Klockars M. Summary of the Finnish research project (1981-1992) to promote the health and work ability of aging workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1997;23 Suppl 1:66-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9247997&dopt;=Abstract

Veninga KS. How to establish a nutrition education program. Occup Health Nurs 1983 Dec;31(12):34-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6557441&dopt;=Abstract

Verhoef MJ, Hamm RD, Love EJ. Exercising at work: barriers to women's participation. AAOHN J 1993 Jun;41(6):275-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8512611&dopt;=Abstract

Waikar A, Bradshaw ME, Tate U. Improving marketability of exercise programs: implications for health promotion in the workplace. Health Mark Q 1997;14(3):91-106. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10167315&dopt;=Abstract

Wanzel RS. Decades of worksite fitness programmes. Progress or rhetoric? Sports Med 1994 May;17(5):324-37. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8052769&dopt;=Abstract

White P. Does employee fitness decrease employee absenteeism and medical cost? Health Matrix 1987-88 Winter;5(4):10-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10302291&dopt;=Abstract

Wier LT. Physical fitness and the Healthy People 2000 goals. [Houston (TX)]: NASA; 1993 Jul. 22 p.

Wilson BR, Wagner DI, Dwyer ES. Adherence factors in a worksite fitness program. Am J Health Promot 1991 Jan-Feb;5(3):172-3. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10146833&dopt;=Abstract

World Health Organization, Health Education and Health Promotion Unit. The health-promoting workplace: making it happen. Geneva: The Organization; [1988]. 15 p.

Ziegler J. America's healthiest companies. A close-up of this year's recipients of the C. Everett Koop National Health Award reveals their winning strategies. Bus Health 1998 Dec;16(12):29-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10187369&dopt;=Abstract

Zifferblatt SM, Wilbur CS, Pinsky JL. A new direction for public health care: changing cafeteria eating habits. J Am Diet Assoc 1980 Jan;76(1):15-20. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7391441&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IX. E. Roles that State and Federal Policies Play in Improving Lifestyles

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Allison TG, Squires RW, Johnson BD, Gau GT. Achieving National Cholesterol Education Program goals for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in cardiac patients: importance of diet, exercise, weight control, and drug therapy. Mayo Clin Proc 1999 May;74(5):466-73. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10319076&dopt;=Abstract

Althaus C. 5 a day--for better health. Healthc Foodserv 1996 Spring;6(2):1, 15-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10159043&dopt;=Abstract

Arango JO. Promoting breast feeding: a national perspective. Public Health Rep 1984 Nov-Dec;99(6):559-65. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6440199&dopt;=Abstract

Arbeit ML, Johnson CC, Mott DS, Harsha DW, Nicklas TA, Webber LS, Berenson GS. The Heart Smart cardiovascular school health promotion: behavior correlates of risk factor change. Prev Med 1992 Jan;21(1):18-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1738766&dopt;=Abstract

Barlow DH, Tillotson JL. Behavioral science and nutrition: a new perspective. J Am Diet Assoc 1978 Apr;72(4):368-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=641270&dopt;=Abstract

Baum F, Brown VA. Healthy Cities (Australia) Project: issues of evaluation for the new public health. Community Health Stud 1989;13(2):140-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2776409&dopt;=Abstract

Beaton GH. Evaluation of nutrition interventions: methodologic considerations. Am J Clin Nutr 1982 May;35(5 Suppl):1280-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7081108&dopt;=Abstract

Berkenfield J, Schwartz JB. Nutrition intervention in the community -- the "WIC" program. N Engl J Med 1980 Mar 6;302(10):579-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7351896&dopt;=Abstract

Bertron P, Barnard ND, Mills M. Racial bias in federal nutrition policy, Part II: Weak guidelines take a disproportionate toll. J Natl Med Assoc 1999 Apr;91(4):201-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10333669&dopt;=Abstract

Biro L. Home health agencies: federal and state requirements for nutrition intervention. J Am Diet Assoc 1978 Nov;73(5):536-41. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=701685&dopt;=Abstract

Breslow RA, Subar AF, Patterson BH, Block G. Trends in food intake: the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys. Nutr Cancer 1997;28(1):86-92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9200155&dopt;=Abstract

Briefel RR. Assessment of the US diet in national nutrition surveys: national collaborative efforts and NHANES. Am J Clin Nutr 1994 Jan;59(1 Suppl):164S-167S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8279416&dopt;=Abstract

Bronner Y. Healthy people 2000: a call to action for ADA members. J Am Diet Assoc 1991 Dec;91(12):1520-1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1960342&dopt;=Abstract

Bureau of Surveillance and Analysis (Utah). Utah's healthy people 2000 health status indicators, by local health department district: a report. [Salt Lake City (UT)] : The Bureau; 1995. 107p.

Burns KJ. A new recommendation for physical activity as a means of health promotion. Nurse Pract 1996 Sep;21(9):18, 21-2, 26-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8884792&dopt;=Abstract

Cadwell K. Reaching the goals of "Healthy People 2000" regarding breastfeeding. Clin Perinatol 1999 Jun;26(2):527-37. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10394500&dopt;=Abstract

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), National Center for Health Statistics. Healthy people 2000. Review 1997. Washington (DC): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Public Health Service; 1997 Oct. Priority area 1: physical activity and fitness; p. 25-33. (DHHS publication; 98-1256).

Chelimsky E. Evaluations of the Special Supplemental Program for Women, Infants, and Children's (WIC's) effectiveness. Child Youth Serv Rev 1984;6(3):219-26.

Chlebowski RT, Grosvenor M. The scope of nutrition intervention trials with cancer-related endpoints. Cancer 1994 Nov 1;74(9 Suppl):2734-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7954294&dopt;=Abstract

Chlebowski RT, Rose D, Buzzard IM, Blackburn GL, Insull W Jr, Grosvenor M, Elashoff R, Wynder EL. Adjuvant dietary fat intake reduction in postmenopausal breast cancer patient management. The Women's Intervention Nutrition Study (WINS). Breast Cancer Res Treat 1992 Jan;20(2):73-84. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1554890&dopt;=Abstract

Cohen BB, Barbano HE, Cox CS, Feldman JJ, Finucane FF, Kleinman JC, Madans JH. Plan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study: 1982-84. Vital Health Stat 1 1987 Jun;(22):1-142. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3672939&dopt;=Abstract

Cooperative agreement to support Healthy Cities and implementation of the year 2000 national health objectives for special populations--PHS. Fed Regist 1989 Jul 31;54(145):31578-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10293943&dopt;=Abstract

Cox CS, Mussolino ME, Rothwell ST, Lane MA, Golden CD, Madans JH, Feldman JJ. Plan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study, 1992. Vital Health Stat 1 1997 Dec;(35):1-231. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9564279&dopt;=Abstract

Cox CS, Rothwell ST, Madans JH, Finucane FF, Freid VM, Kleinman JC, Barbano HE, Feldman JJ. Plan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study, 1987. Vital Health Stat 1 1992 Sep;(27):1-190. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1413562&dopt;=Abstract

Cutler JA, Stamler J. Introduction and summary of the dietary and nutritional methods and findings in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):184S-190S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8988936&dopt;=Abstract

Dahl BR, Read MH. Effect of a nutrition education program on the reduction of serum cholesterol level in Veterans Administration outpatients. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Jun;95(6):702-3. Comment in: J Am Diet Assoc 1996 Mar;96(3):230. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7759750&dopt;=Abstract

Damron D, Langenberg P, Anliker J, Ballesteros M, Feldman R, Havas S. Factors associated with attendance in a voluntary nutrition education program. Am J Health Promot 1999 May-Jun;13(5):268-75. Comment in: Am J Health Promot 1999 May-Jun;13(5):176-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10538640&dopt;=Abstract

Danford DE, Stephenson MG. Healthy people 2000: development of nutrition objectives. J Am Diet Assoc 1991 Dec;91(12):1517-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1960341&dopt;=Abstract

Dare J. Arizona 5 a day for better health: fruit and vegetable activity book for child care programs. Phoenix (AZ): Arizona Department of Health Services, Office of Nutrition Services; 1991. (Eng, Spa).

Davidson FR. Priorities for nutrition interventions in reproductive health: a bilateral agency perspective. Proc Nutr Soc 1995 Jul;54(2):361-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8524883&dopt;=Abstract

Department of Health and Human Services (US). Healthy people 2010: understanding and improving health. Washington (DC): The Department; 2000 Jan. 63 p.

Department of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Developing objectives for healthy people 2010. [Washington (DC)]: The Office; 1997 Sep. 171 p.

Department of Health and Human Services (US), Public Health Service. Healthy people 2000: midcourse review and 1995 revisions. [Rockville (MD)] : The Department; 1995. 290 p.

Department of Health and Human Services (US), Public Health Service. Healthy people 2000: national health promotion and disease prevention objectives. Full report, with commentary. [Washington (DC)] : The Department; 1990 Sep. 692 p. (DHHS publication; no. (PHS) 91-50212 ).

Department of Health and Human Services (US), Public Health Service. Healthy worksites: a directory of Federal initiatives in worksite health promotion. [Washington (DC)] : The Department; 1992. 24 p.

Ernst N. Nutrition and health policy regarding fat consumption for U.S. population. Acta Cardiol 1993;48(5):479-81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8284987&dopt;=Abstract

Ernst ND. Health promotion roles of the federal government and food industry in nutrition and blood pressure. Hypertension 1991 Jan;17(1 Suppl):I196-200. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1987003&dopt;=Abstract

Federal Interagency Ad Hoc Committee on Health Promotion Through the Schools (US). Healthy schools: a directory of federal programs and activities related to health promotion through the schools. [Washington (DC)]: Department of Health and Human Services (US); 1993. 300 p.

Federally-supported human nutrition research, training and education update for the 1980s. I. Human nutrition research and training. Prepared by the Joint Subcommittee on Human Nutrition Research of the Committee on Health and Medicine and the Committee on Food and Renewable Resources. Federal Coordinating Council on Science, Engineering, and Technology. Office of Science and Technology Policy. Executive Office of the President. Am J Clin Nutr 1981 May;34(5 Suppl):977-1030. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7234732&dopt;=Abstract

Finucane FF, Freid VM, Madans JH, Cox CS, Kleinman JC, Rothwell ST, Barbano HE, Feldman JJ. Plan and operation of the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study, 1986. Vital Health Stat 1 1990 Sep;(25):1-154. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2238484&dopt;=Abstract

Fishman P. Healthy People 2000: what progress toward better nutrition? Geriatrics 1996 Apr;51(4):38-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8626077&dopt;=Abstract

Foerster SB, Kizer KW, Disogra LK, Bal DG, Krieg BF, Bunch KL. California's "5 a day--for better health!" campaign: an innovative population-based effort to effect large-scale dietary change. Am J Prev Med 1995 Mar-Apr;11(2):124-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7632448&dopt;=Abstract

Food and Nutrition Service (US), Head Start Bureau. WIC and Head Start: Partners in promoting health and nutrition for young children and families. Washington (DC): The Service; 1999 Oct. 118 p.

Francis K. Fitness and Healthy Alabama 2000 health objectives. Ala Med 1992 Mar;61(9):19-24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1621621&dopt;=Abstract

Francis KT. Status of the year 2000 health goals for physical activity and fitness. Phys Ther 1999 Apr;79(4):405-14. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10201546&dopt;=Abstract

From the Centers for Disease Control. Progress toward achieving the 1990 national objectives for physical fitness and exercise. JAMA 1989 Aug 11;262(6):746, 748, 753. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2746824&dopt;=Abstract

From the Centers for Disease Control. Surgeon General's Workshop on Health Promotion and Aging: summary recommendations of Physical Fitness and Exercise Working Group. JAMA 1989 Nov 10;262(18):2507, 2510. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2810573&dopt;=Abstract

Gallagher A. Taking the lead on a national nutrition policy. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Mar;100(3):288. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10733350&dopt;=Abstract

Glinsmann WH. Functional foods in North America. Nutr Rev 1996 Nov;54(11 Pt 2):S33-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9110573&dopt;=Abstract

Gorbach SL, Morrill-LaBrode A, Woods MN, Dwyer JT, Selles WD, Henderson M, Insull W Jr, Goldman S, Thompson D, Clifford C, et al. Changes in food patterns during a low-fat dietary intervention in women. J Am Diet Assoc 1990 Jun;90(6):802-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2345252&dopt;=Abstract

Guidelines for school and community programs to promote lifelong physical activity among young people. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997 Mar 7;46(RR-6):1-36. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9072670&dopt;=Abstract

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Harper AE. "Healthy people": critique of the nutrition segments of the Surgeon General's report on health promotion and disease prevention. Am J Clin Nutr 1980 Jul;33(7):1703-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7395792&dopt;=Abstract

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Hasler CM. Functional foods: the western perspective. Nutr Rev 1996 Nov;54(11 Pt 2):S6-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9110567&dopt;=Abstract

Hatziandreu EI, Koplan JP, Weinstein MC, Caspersen CJ, Warner KE. A cost-effectiveness analysis of exercise as a health promotion activity. Am J Public Health 1988 Nov;78(11):1417-21. Published erratum appears in Am J Public Health 1989 Mar;79(3):273. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3140681&dopt;=Abstract

Havas S, Anliker J, Damron D, Langenberg P, Ballesteros M, Feldman R. Final results of the Maryland WIC 5-A-Day Promotion Program. Am J Public Health 1998 Aug;88(8):1161-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9702141&dopt;=Abstract

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Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994. Pub. L. No.103-448,108 Stat. 4699 (1994 Nov 2). [53] p. An act to amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 and the National School Lunch Act to Promote Healthy Eating Habits for Children and to extend certain authorities contained in such acts through Fiscal Year 1998, and for other purposes.

Healthy people 2000: nutrition objectives. J Am Diet Assoc 1991 Dec;91(12):1515-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1960340&dopt;=Abstract

Heimendinger J, Van Duyn MA. Dietary behavior change: the challenge of recasting the role of fruit and vegetables in the American diet. Am J Clin Nutr 1995 Jun;61(6 Suppl):1397S-1401S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7754994&dopt;=Abstract

Heimendinger J, Van Duyn MA, Chapelsky D, Foerster S, Stables G. The national 5 A Day for Better Health Program: a large-scale nutrition intervention. J Public Health Manag Pract 1996 Spring;2(2):27-35. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10186666&dopt;=Abstract

Hine RJ, Cloud HH, Carithers T, Hickey C, Hinton AW. Early nutrition intervention services for children with special health care needs. J Am Diet Assoc 1989 Nov;89(11):1636-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2809041&dopt;=Abstract

Ingram DD, Makuc DM. Statistical issues in analyzing the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study. Series 2: Data evaluation and methods research. Vital Health Stat 2 1994 May;(121):1-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7975356&dopt;=Abstract

Johnston JA, Marmet PF, Coen FS, Fawcett SB, Harris KJ. Kansas LEAN: an effective coalition for nutrition education and dietary change. J Nutr Educ 1996 Mar-Apr;28(2):115-8.

Jones DA, Ainsworth BE, Croft JB, Macera CA, Lloyd EE, Yusuf HR. Moderate leisure-time physical activity: who is meeting the public health recommendations? A national cross-sectional study. Arch Fam Med 1998 May-Jun;7(3):285-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9596466&dopt;=Abstract

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Kennedy ET, Ohls J, Carlson S, Fleming K. The Healthy Eating Index: design and applications. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Oct;95(10):1103-8. Comment in: J Am Diet Assoc 1996 Aug;96(8):751-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7560680&dopt;=Abstract

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Kohlmeier L. Dietary methodology considerations for NHANES III. Vital Health Stat 4 1992 Mar;(27):81-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1375417&dopt;=Abstract

Koop CE. The Surgeon General's report on nutrition and health: summary and recommendations. [Rockville (MD)]: Department of Health and Human Service (US); 1988. 78 p. (DHHS (PHS) publication; no. 88-50211).

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Session IX. F. International Policy Issues of Other Developed Countries

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Pascal G. Functional foods in the European Union. Nutr Rev 1996 Nov;54(11 Pt 2):S29-32. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9110572&dopt;=Abstract

Pascal G. Functional foods--the future: how to regulate these foods. Nutr Rev 1996 Nov;54(11 Pt 2):S199-201. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9110605&dopt;=Abstract

Posner BM, Quatromoni PA, Franz M. Nutrition policies and interventions for chronic disease risk reduction in international settings: the INTERHEALTH nutrition initiative. Nutr Rev 1994 May;52(5):179-87. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8052460&dopt;=Abstract

Powell KE, Kreuter MW, Stephens T, Marti B, Heinemann L. The dimensions of health promotion applied to physical activity. J Public Health Policy 1991 Winter;12(4):492-509. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1802892&dopt;=Abstract

Pradilla AG. Nutrition interventions: the role of international agencies and the perspectives for the future. Prog Clin Biol Res 1981;77:611-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7335706&dopt;=Abstract

Robertson A. Health, food, and nutrition policy. Public Health Rev 1998;26(1):107-8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9775731&dopt;=Abstract

Sauve RS. The WHO Code and its effect on breast-feeding promotion in hospitals. J Can Diet Assoc 1987 Summer;48(3):156-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10283108&dopt;=Abstract

Scott-Samuel A. The WHO strategy and community nutrition in the UK. Nutr Health 1989;6(3):129-33. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2748031&dopt;=Abstract

Sjostrom M, Yngve A, Poortvliet E, Warm D, Ekelund U. Diet and physical activity--interactions for health; public health nutrition in the European perspective. Public Health Nutr 1999 Sep;2(3A):453-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10610088&dopt;=Abstract

Smith RD. Health promotion and the disabled: funding issues. [West Heidelberg (Australia)]: National Centre for Health Program Evaluation; [1997]. 34 p. (National Centre for Health Program Evaluation working paper; 62).

Thomas J. Look after yourself: monitoring the effects of a campaign. J Hum Nutr 1979 Oct;33(5):376-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=501078&dopt;=Abstract

Truswell AS. National policies promoting better nutrition, physical fitness and sports for all in Australia. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997;81:148-59. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9287513&dopt;=Abstract

Turrell G. Compliance with the Australian Dietary Guidelines in the early 1990's: have population-based health promotion programs been effective? Nutr Health 1997;11(4):271-88. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9194093&dopt;=Abstract

van Mechelen W. National policies for promoting physical activity, physical fitness and better nutrition in Europe. World Rev Nutr Diet 1997;81:136-47. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9287512&dopt;=Abstract

Villeneuve PJ, Morrison HI, Craig CL, Schaubel DE. Physical activity, physical fitness, and risk of dying. Epidemiology 1998 Nov;9(6):626-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9799172&dopt;=Abstract

Webster P. Review of the "City Health Profiles" produced by WHO-Healthy Cities--do they present information on health and its determinants and what are their perceived benefits? J Epidemiol Community Health 1999 Feb;53(2):125-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10396474&dopt;=Abstract

Wilson BR, Wagner DI. Fitness and health promotion in Japan. Health Values 1990 Mar-Apr;14(2):27-31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10104215&dopt;=Abstract

Yngve A, Sjostrom M, Warm D, Margetts B, Rodrigo CP, Nissinen A. Effective promotion of healthy nutrition and physical activity in Europe requires skilled and competent people; European Master's Programme in Public Health Nutrition. Public Health Nutr 1999 Sep;2(3A):449-52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10610087&dopt;=Abstract

Yoshiike N, Matsumura Y, Iwaya M, Sugiyama M, Yamaguchi M. National Nutrition Survey in Japan. J Epidemiol 1996 Aug;6(3 Suppl):S189-200. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8800293&dopt;=Abstract

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Session IX. G. Internet Sites on Healthy Lifestyles

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American Heart Association [homepage on the Internet]. Dallas (TX): The Association; c1999 [modified 1999 Dec 22; cited 2000 Apr 19]. Worksite Programs including Heart At Work Online Program. Available from: http://www.americanheart.org/corphealth/

Association for Worksite Health Promotion [homepage on the Internet]. Northbrook (IL): The Association; c1996-99 [cited 2000 Apr 14]. Available from: http://www.awhp.org/

Better Nutrition for School Children Act of 1999. H.S. 1781, 106th Cong., 1st Sess. (1999 May 12). To amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 to prohibit the donation or service without charge of competitive foods of minimal nutritional value in schools participating in the Federal meal service programs before the end of the last lunch period of the schools. Available from: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:HR01781:|/bss/d106query.html

Better Nutrition for School Children Act of 1999. S. 998, 106th Cong., 1st Sess. (1999 May 11). To amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 to prohibit the donation or service without charge of competitive foods of minimal nutritional value in schools participating in the Federal meal service programs before the end of the last lunch period of the schools. Available from: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:SN00998:|/bss/d106query.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion [homepage on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): The Center; [modified 1999 Nov 16; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Nutrition and Physical Exercise Projects. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/npa-proj.htm

Food and Nutrition Information Center [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): Department of Agriculture (US), National Agricultural Library; [modified 2000 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Dietary Guidelines (includes 2000 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, earlier versions, and other countries dietary guidelines). Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/dga/

Healthy People 2010 [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; [modified 2000 Apr 18; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.health.gov/healthypeople/

Hunt JP, Donato KA, Crespo CJ, compilers. Physical activity and cardiovascular health [bibliography on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 1995 [cited 2000 Apr 18]. 74 p. January 1990 through September 1995; 1966 citations. (Current bibliographies in medicine; 95-7). Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/cbm/pacardio.html

Iowa Department of Public Health [homepage on the Internet]. Des Moines (IA): The Department; [modified 2000 Apr 15; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Healthy Iowans 2010. Available from: http://www.idph.state.ia.us/sa/h_ia2010/contents.htm

Lifelong Improvements in Food and Exercise (LIFE) Act of 1999. H.R. 3177, 106th Cong., 1st Sess. (1999 Oct 28). To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for a national program to conduct and support activities toward the goal of significantly reducing the number of cases of overweight and obesity among individuals in the United States. Available from: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:HR03177:|/bss/d106query.html

MEDLINEplus [retrieval system on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Nutrition. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/nutrition.html

MEDLINEplus [retrieval system on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Exercise/physical fitness. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/exercisephysicalfitness.html

MEDLINEplus [retrieval system on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); [modified 2000 Apr 20; cited 2000 Apr 18]. Weight loss/dieting. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/weightlossdieting.html

National Cancer Institute (US), Nutrition Implementation Group. New directions for nutritional research at the National Cancer Institute [monograph on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US), Division of Cancer Prevention; 1999 Nov [modified 2000 Feb 11; cited 2000 Apr 17]. Available from: http://dcp.nci.nih.gov/reports/nutrition/

National Center for Health Statistics [homepage on the Internet]. Hyattsville (MD): The Center; [modified 2000 Feb 1; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Healthy People: Health Promotion and Disease Prevention... tracking the Nation's health. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hp2000hp.htm

National Center for Health Statistics [homepage on the Internet]. Hyattsville (MD): The Center; [modified 2000 Mar 16; cited 2000 Apr 21]. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm

National Civic League [homepage on the Internet]. Denver (CO): The League; [modified 2000 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Healthy Communities Program. Available from: http://www.ncl.org/ncl/hci.htm

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 2000 Mar 20; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Healthy People 2010 Gateway. Available from: http://hp2010.nhlbihin.net/

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [2000 Mar 21; cited 2000 Apr 20]. JumpSTART Program. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/heart/other/jumpstrt.htm

Nutrition and your health: dietary guidelines for Americans [monograph on the Internet]. 4th ed. Washington (DC): Department of Agriculture (US); Department of Health and Human Services (US); 1995 Dec. (Home and garden bulletin; no. 232). Available from: http://www.nalusda.gov/fnic/dga/dga95.html

Physical activity and cardiovascular health. NIH Consens Statement Online [serial on the Internet] 1995 Dec 18-20 [cited 2000 Apr 17];13(3):1-33. Available from: http://odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/cons/101/101_statement.htm

Physical activity and health: a report of the Surgeon General [monograph on the Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Office of the Surgeon General; The President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports; [updated 1999 Nov 17; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/sgr/sgr.htm

San Diego State University Foundation [homepage on the Internet]. San Diego (CA): The Foundation; [modified 1998 Jul 6; cited 2000 Apr 20]. SPARK: Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids. Available from: http://www.foundation.sdsu.edu/projects/spark/

United States Department of Agriculture [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Department; [modified 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Available from: http://www.usda.gov/cnpp/

United States Department of Agriculture [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): The Department; [modified 2000 Mar 27; cited 2000 Apr 19]. Child Nutrition Programs. Available from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/

Virginia Department of Health [homepage on the Internet]. Available from: http://www.vdh.state.va.us/commish/healthy/index.htm

World Health Organization [homepage on the Internet]. Geneva: The Organization; c1999 [modified 2000 Apr 14; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Health Promotion (HPR) including Active Living and Global School Health Initiative. Available from: http://www.who.int/hpr/

World Health Organization [homepage on the Internet]. Geneva: The Organization; c1999 [modified 1999 Sep 14; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Healthy Cities. Available from: http://www.who.int/hpr/cities/index.html

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Session X. Behavior Change and Lifestyle Improvements

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Session X. A. Linking Science to Action: Elements of Successful Behavior Change Through the Lifespan

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American College of Sports Medicine Position Standard. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998 Jun;30(6):992-1008. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9624662&dopt;=Abstract

Andersen LB. Tracking of risk factors for coronary heart disease from adolescence to young adulthood with special emphasis on physical activity and fitness. A longitudinal study. Dan Med Bull 1996 Dec;43(5):407-18. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8960814&dopt;=Abstract

Anderson R, et al., editors. Health behaviour research and health promotion. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1988. 286 p. (Oxford medical publications ).

Anderssen N, Jacobs DR Jr, Sidney S, Bild DE, Sternfeld B, Slattery ML, Hannan P. Change and secular trends in physical activity patterns in young adults: a seven-year longitudinal follow-up in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA). Am J Epidemiol 1996 Feb 15;143(4):351-62. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8633619&dopt;=Abstract

Anspaugh DJ, Hunter S, Dignan M. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease among exercising versus non- exercising women. Am J Health Promot 1996 Jan-Feb;10(3):171-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10163294&dopt;=Abstract

Austoker J. Diet and cancer. BMJ 1994 Jun 18;308(6944):1610-4. Published erratum appears in BMJ 1994 Jul 9;309(6947):102. Comment in: BMJ 1994 Nov 26;309(6966):1439. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8025430&dopt;=Abstract

Baranowski T. Beliefs as motivational influences at stages in behavior change. Int Q Commun Health Educ 1992-93;13(1):3-29.

Baranowski T, Anderson C, Carmack C. Mediating variable framework in physical activity interventions. How are we doing? How might we do better? Am J Prev Med 1998 Nov;15(4):266-97. Published erratum appears in Am J Prev Med 1999 Jul;17(1):98. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9838973&dopt;=Abstract

Baranowski T, Cullen KW, Baranowski J. Psychosocial correlates of dietary intake: advancing dietary intervention. Annu Rev Nutr 1999;19:17-40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10448515&dopt;=Abstract

Barlow DH, Tillotson JL. Behavioral science and nutrition: a new perspective. J Am Diet Assoc 1978 Apr;72(4):368-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=641270&dopt;=Abstract

Barnard RJ, DiLauro SC, Inkeles SB. Effects of intensive diet and exercise intervention in patients taking cholesterol-lowering drugs. Am J Cardiol 1997 Apr 15;79(8):1112-4. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9114776&dopt;=Abstract

Bauman KE, Reiss ML, Rogers RW, Bailey JS. Dining out with children: effectiveness of a parent advice package on pre-meal in appropriate behavior. J Appl Behav Anal 1983 Spring;16(1):55-68. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6833169&dopt;=Abstract

Beasley JD, Swift J (W.K. Kellogg Foundation). The Kellogg report. Impact of nutrition, environment & lifestyle on the health of Americans. Annandale-on-Hudson (NY): Institute of Health Policy and Practice, the Bard College Center; 1989. 735 p.

Berg-Smith SM, Stevens VJ, Brown KM, Van Horn L, Gernhofer N, Peters E, Greenberg R, Snetselaar L, Ahrens L, Smith K. A brief motivational intervention to improve dietary adherence in adolescents. The Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) Research Group. Health Educ Res 1999 Jun;14(3):399-410. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10539230&dopt;=Abstract

Berkey CS, Rockett HR, Field AE, Gillman MW, Frazier AL, Camargo CA Jr, Colditz GA. Activity, dietary intake, and weight changes in a longitudinal study of preadolescent and adolescent boys and girls. Pediatrics 2000 Apr;105(4):E56. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10742377&dopt;=Abstract

Berry CW, Martin JB. Caries promoting ability of selected machine vended and health food snacks. Tex Dent J 1978 Oct;96(10):6-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=295542&dopt;=Abstract

Birch LL. Effects of experience on the modification of food acceptance patterns. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1989;561:209-16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2735678&dopt;=Abstract

Birch LL, Birch D, Marlin DW, Kramer L. Effects of instrumental consumption on children's food preference. Appetite 1982 Jun;3(2):125-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7137991&dopt;=Abstract

Birt DF, Pelling JC, Nair S, Lepley D. Diet intervention for modifying cancer risk. Prog Clin Biol Res 1996;395:223-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8895992&dopt;=Abstract

Black HR. Nonpharmacologic therapy for hypertension. Am J Med 1979 May;66(5):837-42. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=375724&dopt;=Abstract

Blair SN, Connelly JC. How much physical activity should we do? The case for moderate amounts and intensities of physical activity. Res Q Exerc Sport 1996 Jun;67(2):193-205. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8835998&dopt;=Abstract

Blair SN, Kohl HW, Barlow CE. Physical activity, physical fitness, and all-cause mortality in women: do women need to be active? J Am Coll Nutr 1993 Aug;12(4):368-71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8409097&dopt;=Abstract

Blair SN, Powell KE, Bazzarre TL, Early JL, Epstein LH, Green LW, Harris SS, Haskell WL, King AC, Koplan J, et al. Physical inactivity. Workshop V. AHA Prevention Conference III. Behavior change and compliance: keys to improving cardiovascular health. Circulation 1993 Sep;88(3):1402-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8353908&dopt;=Abstract

Blaxter M. Health and lifestyles. New York: Routledge; 1990. 268 p.

Blechman EA, Brownell KD, editors. Behavioral medicine and women: a comprehensive handbook. New York: Guilford Press; 1998. 876 p.

Bock BC, Marcus BH, Rossi JS, Redding CA. Motivational readiness for change: Diet, exercise, and smoking. Am J Health Behav 1998 Jul-Aug;22(4):248-58.

Bonnel WB. The nursing home group dining room: managing the work of eating. J Nutr Elder 1993;13(1):1-10. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8277422&dopt;=Abstract

Booth ML, Bauman A, Owen N, Gore CJ. Physical activity preferences, preferred sources of assistance, and perceived barriers to increased activity among physically inactive Australians. Prev Med 1997 Jan-Feb;26(1):131-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9010908&dopt;=Abstract

Borra ST, Schwartz NE, Spain CG, Natchipolsky MM. Food, physical activity, and fun: inspiring America's kids to more healthful lifestyles. J Am Diet Assoc 1995 Jul;95(7):816-23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7797818&dopt;=Abstract

Bouton ME. A learning theory perspective on lapse, relapse, and the maintenance of behavior change. Health Psychol 2000 Jan;19 Suppl 1:57-63.

Bowen DJ, Fries E, Hopp HP. Effects of dietary fat feedback on behavioral and psychological variables. J Behav Med 1994 Dec;17(6):589-604. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7739032&dopt;=Abstract

Bowen DJ, Meischke H, Tomoyasu N. Preliminary evaluation of the processes of changing to a low-fat diet. Health Educ Res 1994 Mar;9(1):85-94.

Boyd NR Jr, Windsor RA. A meta-evaluation of nutrition education intervention research among pregnant women. Health Educ Q 1993 Fall;20(3):327-45. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8307758&dopt;=Abstract

Brightwell DR, Clancy J. Self-training of new eating behavior for weight reduction. Dis Nerv Syst 1976 Feb;37(2):85-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=1106969&dopt;=Abstract

Britt E, Singh NN. Reduction of rapid eating by normal adults. Behav Modif 1985 Jan;9(1):116-25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3977811&dopt;=Abstract

Brower AM, Nurius PS. Social cognition and individual change: current theory and counseling guidelines. Newbury Park (CA): Sage Publications; 1993.

Brown JD. Staying fit and staying well: physical fitness as a moderator of life stress. J Pers Soc Psychol 1991 Apr;60(4):555-61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=2037967&dopt;=Abstract

Brownell KD. The central role of lifestyle change in long-term weight management. Clin Cornerstone 1999;2(3):43-51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10696284&dopt;=Abstract

Brownell KD, Cohen LR. Adherence to dietary regimens. 2: Components of effective interventions. Behav Med 1995 Winter;20(4):155-64. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7620227&dopt;=Abstract

Buchowski MS, Sun M. Nutrition in minority elders: current problems and future directions. J Health Care Poor Underserved 1996 Aug;7(3):184-209. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8768464&dopt;=Abstract

Calfas KJ, Sallis JF, Oldenburg B, French M. Mediators of change in physical activity following an intervention in primary care: PACE. Prev Med 1997 May-Jun;26(3):297-304. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9144753&dopt;=Abstract

Cardinal BJ. Construct validity of stages of change for exercise behavior. Am J Health Promot 1997 Sep-Oct;12(1):68-74. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10170437&dopt;=Abstract

Cardinal BJ. Development and evaluation of stage-matched written materials about lifestyle and structured physical activity. Percept Mot Skills 1995 Apr;80(2):543-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7675587&dopt;=Abstract

Cardinal BJ. Reliability and validity of the Lifestyle Exercise Inventory. Percept Mot Skills 1993 Dec;77(3 Pt 2):1274. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8170778&dopt;=Abstract

Cardinal BJ, Cardinal MK. Lifestyle Exercise Inventory: preliminary development. Percept Mot Skills 1993 Dec;77(3 Pt 2):1066. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8170747&dopt;=Abstract

Cardinal BJ, Sachs ML. Effects of mail-mediated, stage-matched exercise behavior change strategies on female adults' leisure-time exercise behavior. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1996 Jun;36(2):100-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8898515&dopt;=Abstract

Carmody TP, Fey SG, Pierce DK, Connor WE, Matarazzo JD. Behavioral treatment of hyperlipidemia: techniques, results, and future directions. J Behav Med 1982 Mar;5(1):91-116. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=7120380&dopt;=Abstract

Cinciripini PM. Applications of behavioral medicine with children. II. Intervention for behavioral risk factors in coronary heart disease. Prog Behav Modif 1984;17:111-34. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6535993&dopt;=Abstract

Clark RA, Blackburn GL. The role of nutrition in disease prevention and health promotion. Compr Ther 1983 Apr;9(4):12-22. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6303678&dopt;=Abstract

Clausen JD, Silfen M, Coombs J, Ayers W, Altschul AM. Relationship of dietary regimens to success, efficiency, and cost of weight loss. J Am Diet Assoc 1980 Sep;77(3):249-57. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=6774005&dopt;=Abstract

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Session X. B. Prototype of Interventions, Including Public/Private Partnerships for Behavior Change and Implications for a Wider Audience

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Taylor WC, Baranowski T, Young DR. Physical activity interventions in low-income, ethnic minority, and populations with disability. Am J Prev Med 1998 Nov;15(4):334-43. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9838976&dopt;=Abstract

Tillotson JL, Bartsch GE, Gorder D, Grandits GA, Stamler J. Food group and nutrient intakes at baseline in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):228S-257S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8988940&dopt;=Abstract

Tillotson JL, Gorder DD, DuChene AG, Grambsch PV, Wenz J. Quality control in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Nutrition Modality. Control Clin Trials 1986 Sep;7(3 Suppl):66S-90S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=3802847&dopt;=Abstract

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Topp R, Bawell K. A comparison of seven methods of recruiting older adults into an exercise study. Am J Health Promot 1992 May-Jun;6(5):327-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10146789&dopt;=Abstract

Trent LK, Hurtado SL. Longitudinal trends and gender differences in physical fitness and lifestyle factors in career U.S. Navy personnel (1983-1994). Mil Med 1998 Jun;163(6):398-407. Comment in: Mil Med 1998 Oct;163(10):659. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9640037&dopt;=Abstract

Turner LW, Wang MQ, Westerfield RC. Preventing relapse in weight control: a discussion of cognitive and behavioral strategies. Psychol Rep 1995 Oct;77(2):651-6. Comment in: Psychol Rep 1996 Apr;78(2):680-2. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8559896&dopt;=Abstract

Valaitis RK, Shea E. An evaluation of breastfeeding promotion literature: does it really promote breastfeeding? Can J Public Health 1993 Jan-Feb;84(1):24-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8500052&dopt;=Abstract

van der Feen de Lille JC, Riedstra M, Hardeman W, Wedel M, Brug J, Pruyn JF, Lowik MR. Fat Watch: a nationwide campaign in The Netherlands to reduce fat intake--process evaluations. Nutr Health 1998;12(2):107-17. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9502236&dopt;=Abstract

Van Horn L, Dolecek TA, Grandits GA, Skweres L. Adherence to dietary recommendations in the special intervention group in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Jan;65(1 Suppl):289S-304S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8988943&dopt;=Abstract

van Horn LV, Stumbo P, Moag-Stahlberg A, Obarzanek E, Hartmuller VW, Farris RP, Kimm SY, Frederick M, Snetselaar L, Liu K. The Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC): dietary assessment methods for 8- to 10-year-olds. J Am Diet Assoc 1993 Dec;93(12):1396-403. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=8245373&dopt;=Abstract

van Wechem SN, Brug J, van Assema P, Kistemaker C, Riedstra M, Lowik MR. Fat Watch: a nationwide campaign in The Netherlands to reduce fat intake--effect evaluation. Nutr Health 1998;12(2):119-30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9502237&dopt;=Abstract

Whelton PK, Appel LJ, Espeland MA, Applegate WB, Ettinger WH Jr, Kostis JB, Kumanyika S, Lacy CR, Johnson KC, Folmar S, Cutler JA. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly (TONE). TONE Collaborative Research Group. JAMA 1998 Mar 18;279(11):839-46. Published erratum appears in JAMA 1998 Jun 24;279(24):1954. Comment in: JAMA 1998 Mar 18;279(11):878-9; JAMA 1998 Sep 9;280(10):885-6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9515998&dopt;=Abstract

Whelton PK, Kumanyika SK, Cook NR, Cutler JA, Borhani NO, Hennekens CH, Kuller LH, Langford H, Jones DW, Satterfield S, Lasser NL, Cohen JD. Efficacy of nonpharmacologic interventions in adults with high-normal blood pressure: results from phase 1 of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group. Am J Clin Nutr 1997 Feb;65(2 Suppl):652S-660S. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9022561&dopt;=Abstract

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Winkleby MA, Howard-Pitney B, Albright CA, Bruce B, Kraemer HC, Fortmann SP. Predicting achievement of a low-fat diet: a nutrition intervention for adults with low literacy skills. Prev Med 1997 Nov-Dec;26(6):874-82. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9388800&dopt;=Abstract

Wyse J, Mercer T, Ashford B, Buxton K, Gleeson N. Evidence for the validity and utility of the Stages of Exercise Behaviour Change scale in young adults. Health Educ Res 1995 Sep;10(3):365-77. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=10158029&dopt;=Abstract

Yasmin, Mascie-Taylor CG, Brown MJ, Hughes M. The effect of dietary intervention on changes in total cholesterol, blood pressure and weight in a Cambridge study. Int J Clin Pract 1998 Jun;52(4):241-5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9744148&dopt;=Abstract

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Yurgalevitch SM, Kriska AM, Welty TK, Go O, Robbins DC, Howard BV. Physical activity and lipids and lipoproteins in American Indians ages 45-74. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998 Apr;30(4):543-9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db;=PubMed&list;_uids=9565936&dopt;=Abstract

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Session X. C. Community Level Approaches to Behavior Change: What Have We learned?

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Session X. D. Internet Sites on Successful Behavior Change Through the Lifespan

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American Dietetics Association [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago: The Association; c1996-2000 [modified 2000 Apr 18; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.eatright.org/

American Heart Association [homepage on the Internet]. Dallas (TX): The Association; c1998 [modified 1998 Dec 6; cited 2000 Apr 17]. HeartPower! For Kids. Available from: http://www.americanheart.org/Health/Lifestyle/Youth/index.html

American Heart Association [homepage on the Internet]. Dallas (TX): The Association; c1999 [modified 2000 Mar 1; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Includes nutrition and exercise sections. Available from: http://www.americanheart.org/

American Running Association [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Association; [modified 2000 Mar 20; cited 2000 Apr 16]. Available from: http://www.americanrunning.org/

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Food and Drug Administration (US); [modified 2000 Jan 7; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Food labeling and nutrition. Available from: http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/label.html

Food and Nutrition Information Center [homepage on the Internet]. Beltsville (MD): Department of Agriculture (US), National Agricultural Library; [modified 1998 Sep 3; cited 2000 Apr 20]. The Food Guide Pyramid: a guide to daily food choices. Available from: http://www.nal.usda.gov:8001/py/pmap.htm

Kansas Department of Health and Environment [homepage on the Internet}. Wichita (KS): The Department; [modified 2000 Mar 13; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Kansas Lean Program. Available from: http://www.kdhe.state.ks.us/lean/

National Association of Governor's Councils on Physical Fitness and Sports [homepage on the Internet]. Indianapolis (IN): The Association; [modified 2000 Apr 17; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Includes National Employee Health and Fitness and other programs. Available from: http://www.physicalfitness.org/

National Cancer Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 1998 Feb 5; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Action Guide to Healthy Eating. Available from: http://rex.nci.nih.gov/NCI_Pub_Interface/ActionGd_Web/Actiongd.html

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 1999 Oct 12; cited 2000 Apr 18]. National Cholesterol Education Program. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/ncep/index.htm

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [modified 2000 Mar 23; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Hearts N' Parks. Available from: http://hp2010.nhlbihin.net/cvd_frameset.htm

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [cited 2000 Apr 14]. NHLBI Obesity Education Initiative. Aim for a Healthy Weight. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/index.htm

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [cited 2000 Apr 19]. Sisters together: move more, eat better. Available from: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/nutrit/sisters/sisters.htm

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Institute; [cited 2000 Apr 14]. Weight-control Information Network. Available from: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/nutrit/win.htm

National Safety Council [homepage on the Internet]. Itasca (IL): The Council; [modified 1999 Oct 4; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Partnership For a Walkable America. Available from: http://nsc.org/walkable.htm

Partnership for Health in the New Millenium [homepage on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; [updated 2000 Feb 10; cited 2000 Apr 21]. Available from: http://www.health.gov/partnerships/Program/broadcast.htm

Pennsylvania Department of Health [homepage on the Internet]. Harrisburg (PA): The Department; [modified 1999 Jun 7; cited 2000 Apr 21]. 5 A Day Health Program. Available from: http://www.health.state.pa.us/php/fiveaday/

Setting goals for weight loss [monograph on the Internet]. Washington (DC): Federal Trade Commission (US); 1999 Feb [cited 2000 Apr 14]. Available from: http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/health/setgoals.htm

Shape Up America! [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): The Organization; c1996-99 [modified 2000 Feb 26; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Available from: http://www.shapeup.org

Web of Life [homepage on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Aging (US); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US); [modified 1999 May 21; cited 2000 Apr 20]. Exercise: a guide from the National Institute on Aging and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Available from: http://stellar.arc.nasa.gov/exerciseandaging/cover.html

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