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| Plate 77.--Classification: SYSTEM Palustrine, CLASS Scrub-Shrub Wetland, SUBCLASS Needle-leaved Deciduous, DOMINANCE TYPE Larix laricina, WATER REGIME Seasonally Flooded, WATER CHEMISTRY Fresh. The tamarack saplings are 2-3 m (6.6-10 ft) tall and cover 40-45% of the site. Subordinate plants include: dwarf birch (Betula nana), bluejoint (Calamagrostis canadensis), black spruce (Picea mariana), leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata), diamondleaf willow (Salix planifolia), narrowleaf Labrador tea (Ledum decumbens), cotton grass (Eriophorum sp.), bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum), marsh cinquefoil (Potentilla palustris),and shrubby cinquefoil (P. fruticosa). (Vicinity of Big Delta. Alaska; July 1985; Photo by F. C. Golet) |
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| Plate 78.--Classification: SYSTEM Palustrine, CLASS Scrub-Shrub Wetland, SUBCLASS Broadleaved Evergreen, DOMINANCE TYPE Ledum groenlandicum--Kalmia angustifolia--Chamaedaphne calyculata, WATER REGIME Saturated, WATER CHEMISTRY Fresh-Acid, SOIL Organic. Subordinate plants include peat moss (Sphagnum spp.), crowberry (Empetrum nigrum), cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus), and black spruce (Picea mariana). (Washington County, Maine; June 1976; Photo by V. Carter) |
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| Plate 79.--Classification: SYSTEM Palustrine, CLASS Scrub-Shrub Wetland, SUBCLASS Broad-leaved Evergreen, DOMINANCE TYPE Ledum decumbens, WATER REGIME Saturated, WATER CHEMISTRY Fresh, SOIL Mineral. Subordinate species include: cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus), mountain cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), crowberry (Empetrum nigrum), dwarf birch (Betula nana), reindeer moss (Cladina spp.), sedge (Carex aquatilis), bluejoint (Calamagrostis canadensis), and Alaska spiraea (Spiraea beauver-diana). Shrubs are less than 20 cm (8 in) tall. Although this site looks like a dry heath, permafrost at a depth of only 15-20 cm (6-8 in) keeps the soil saturated near the surface throughout the growing season. (Talik River area, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska; July 1985; Photo by F. C. Golet) |
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| Plate 80.--Classification: SYSTEM Palustrine, CLASS Scrub-Shrub Wetland, SUBCLASS Broad-leaved Evergreen, DOMINANCE TYPE Cyrilla racemiflora, WATER REGIME Saturated, WATER CHEMISTRY Fresh-Acid, SOIL Organic. Subordinate plants include: honeycup (Zenobia pulverulenta), leatherleaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata), peat moss (Sphagnum spp.), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), loblolly bay (Gordonia lasianthus), pond pine (Pinus serotina), and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Locally, these wetlands are referred to as evergreen shrub bogs or "pocosins." (Brunswick County, North Carolina; December 1975; Photo by V. Carter) |