Abbott, R. T. 1968. Seashells of North America. Golden Press,  New York. 280 pp.

Akins, G. J., and C. Q. Jefferson. 1973. Coastal wetlands of Oregon. Oregon 
     Coastal Conservation and Development Commission, Florence, Oregon. 159 pp.

Anderson, J. R., E. E. Hardy, J. T. Roach, and R. E. Witmer. 1976. A land use 
     and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data. U.S. 
     Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 964. 28 pp.

Anderson, R. R., R. G. Brown, and R. D. Rappleye. 1968. Water quality and plant 
     distribution along the upper Patuxent River, Maryland. Chesapeake Sci. 
     9:145-156.

Bailey, R. G. 1976. Ecoregions of the United States, U.S. Forest Service, 
     Ogden, Utah. (Map only; scale 1:7,500,000.)

Bailey, R. G. 1978. Ecoregions of the United States. U.S. Forest Service, 
     Intermountain Region, Ogden, Utah. 77 pp.

Bayly, I. A. E. 1967. The general biological classification of aquatic 
     environments with special reference to those of Australia. Pages 78-104 
     in A. H. Weatherley, ed. Australian inland waters and their fauna. 
     Australian National University Press, Canberra.

Black, C. A. 1968. Soil plant relationships. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New 
     York. 792 pp.

Bormann, F. H., and G. E. Likens, 1969. The watershed-ecosystem concept and 
     studies of nutrient cycles. Pages 49-76 in G. M. VanDyne, ed. The ecosystem 
     concept in natural resource management. Academic Press, New York.

Braun, E. L. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Hafner Publishing 
     Co., New York and London. 596 pp.

Brinkhurst, R. O., and B. G. M. Jamieson. 1972. Aquatic oligochaetes of the 
     world. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 860  pp.

Britton, M. E. 1957. Vegetation of the Arctic tundra. Oregon  State Univ. Biol. 
     Colloq. 18:26-61.

Burbank, W. D. 1967. Evolutionary and ecological implications  of the 
     zoogeography, physiology and morphology of Cyanthura (Isopoda). Pages 
     564-573 in G. H. Lauff, ed. Estuaries. Am.  Assoc. Adv. Sci. Publ. 83.

Cain, S. A., and G. M. de Oliveira Castro. 1959. Manual of vegetation analysis. 
     Harper & Brothers, New York. 325 pp.

Carriker, M. R. 1967. Ecology of estuarine benthic invertebrates: a perspective. 
     Pages 442-487 in G. H. Lauff, ed. Estuaries. Am.  Assoc. Adv. Sci. Publ. 83.

Caspers, H. 1967. Estuaries: analysis of definitions and biological 
     considerations. Pages 6-8 in G. H. Lauff, ed. Estuaries. Am.  Assoc. Adv. 
     Sci. Publ. 83.

Chabreck, R. H. 1972. Vegetation, water and soil characteristics of the Louisiana 
     coastal region. La. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 664. 72 pp.

Chapman, V. J. 1974. Salt marshes and salt deserts of the world. 2nd supplemented 
     edition. J. Cramer, Lehre. 392 pp.

Chapman, V. J. 1976. Mangrove vegetation. J. Cramer, Leuterhausen. 447 pp.

Chapman, V. J. 1977. Introduction. Pages 1-30 in V. J. Chapman, ed. Wet coastal 
     ecosystems. Ecosystems of the world 1.  Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 
     New York.

Clarke, A. H. 1973. The freshwater mollusks of the Canadian Interior Basin. 
     Malacologia 13(1-2):1-509.

Cowardin, L. M. 1978. Wetland classification in the United States. J. For. 
     76(10):666-668.

Crickmay, C. H. 1974. The work of the river. The MacMillan Press, Ltd., London. 
     271 pp.

Cummins, K. W., C. A. Tryon, Jr., and R. T. Hartman, editors. 1964. 
     Organism--substrate relationships in streams. Pymatuning Lab. Ecol., Univ. 
     Pittsburg Spec. Publ. 4. 145 pp.

Curtis, J. T. 1959. The vegetation of Wisconsin. The University of Wisconsin 
     Press, Madison. 657 pp. 

Dansereau, P., and F. Segadas-vianna. 1952. Ecological study of the peat bogs 
     of eastern North America. I. Structure and evolution of vegetation. Can. J. 
     Bot. 30:490-520.

Daubenmire, R. 1968. Plant communities. Harper & Row, New  York. 300 pp.

den Hartog, C. 1960. Comments on the Venice-system for the classification of 
     brackish water. Int. Rev. gesamten Hydrobiol. 45:481-485.

Dillon, O. W. 1966. Gulf coast marsh handbook. U. S. Soil Conservation Service, 
     Alexandria, Louisiana. n.p.

Dix. R. L., and F. E. Smeins. 1967. The prairie, meadow, and marsh vegetation 
     of Nelson County, North Dakota. Can. J. Bot. 45:21-58.

Driscoll, R. S., J. W. Russell, and M. C. Meier. 1978. Recommended national 
     land classification system for renewable resource assessments. U.S. 
     Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort 
     Collins, Colorado.  (Unpublished manuscript)

Drury, W. H., Jr. 1962. Patterned ground and vegetation on southern Bylot 
     Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Harvard Univ. Gray Herb. Contrib. 
     190. 111 pp.

Duncan, W. H. 1974. Vascular halophytes of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of 
     North America north of Mexico. Pages 23-50 in R. J. Reimold and W. H. 
     Queen, eds. Ecology of halophytes.  Academic Press, Inc., New York.

Eleuterius, L. M. 1972. The marshes of Mississippi. Castanea 37:153-168.

Eleuterius, L. M. 1973. The distribution of certain submerged plants in 
     Mississippi Sound and adjacent waters. Pages 191-197 in J. L. Christmas, 
     ed. Cooperative Gulf of Mexico estuarine inventory and study. Mississippi 
     Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs.

Golet, F. C., and J. S. Larson. 1974. Classification of freshwater  wetlands 
     in the glaciated Northeast. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv.,  Resour. Publ. 116. 
     56 pp.

Gosner, K. L. 1971. Guide to identification of marine and estuarine 
     invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to the Bay of Fundy. John Wiley & Sons, 
     Inc., New York. 693 pp.

Gray, I. E. 1974. Worm and clam flats. Pages 204-243 in H. T. Odum, B. J. 
     Copeland, and E. A. McMahan, eds. Coastal  ecological systems of the 
     United States. Vol. 2. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Hart, C. W., Jr., and S. L. H. Fuller, editors. 1974. Pollution ecology of 
     freshwater invertebrates. Academic Press, Inc., New York. 389 pp.

Hedgpeth, J. W. 1957. Classification of marine environments. Pages 17-28 in 
     J. W. Hedgpeth, ed. Treatise on marine ecology  and paleoecology; Vol. 
     l-Ecology. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 67.

Heinselman, M. L. 1963. Forest sites, bog processes, and peatland types in the
     Glacial Lake Agassiz Region, Minnesota. Ecol. Monogr. 33(4):327-374.

Heinselman, M. L. 1970. Landscape evolution, peatland types, and the 
     environment in the Lake Agassiz Peatlands Natural Area, Minnesota, Ecol. 
     Monogr. 40(2):235-261.

Hutchinson, G. E. 1975. A treatise on limnology. Vol. 3. Limnological botany. 
     John Wiley & Sons, New York. 660 pp.

Hynes, H. B. N. 1970. The ecology of running waters. University of Toronto 
     Press, Toronto. 555 pp.

Illies, J., and L. Botosaneau. 1963. Problems et methodes de la classification 
     et de la zonation ecologique des aux courantes, considerees surtout du 
     point de vue faunistique. Int. Assoc. Theor. Appl. Limnol. Commun. 12. 
     57 pp.

Ingram, W. M. 1971. Survival of fresh-water mollusks during periods of dryness. 
     Nautilis 54(3):84-87.

Jeglum, J. K. 1971. Plant indicators of pH and water level in peatlands at 
     Candle Lake, Saskatchewan. Can. J. Bot. 49:1661-1676.

Jeglum, J. K., A. N. Boissonneau, and V. G. Haavisto. 1974. Toward a wetland 
     classification for Ontario. Can. For. Serv.  Inf. Rep. 0-X-215. 54 pp.

Johnson, R. I. 1970. The systematics and zoogeography of the Unionidae 
     (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of the Southern Atlantic Slope Region. Harvard Univ. 
     Mus. Comp. Zool. Bull. 140(6):263-450.

Kenk, R. 1949. The animal life of temporary and permanent ponds in southern 
     Michigan. Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. Misc. Publ. 71. 66 pp.

Ketchum, B. H., editor. 1972. The water's edge: critical problems of the 
     coastal zone. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. 393 pp.

Kologiski, R. L. 1977. The phytosociology of the Green Swamp, North Carolina. 
     N.C. Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. 250. 101 pp.

Köppen, W. 1931. Grundriss der Klimakunde. Walter de Gruyter  & Co., Berlin. 
     388 pp.

Krecker, F. H., and L. Y. Lancaster. 1933. Bottom shore fauna of western Lake 
     Erie: a population study to a depth of six feet. Ecology 14:79-83.

Küchler, A. W. 1964. Potential natural vegetation of the conterminous United 
     States. Am. Geogr. Soc. Spec. Publ. 36. 116 pp.

Kuenzler, E. J. 1974. Mangrove swamp systems. Pages 346-371 in H. T. Odum, 
     B. J. Copeland, and E. A. McMahan. eds. Coastal ecological systems of the 
     United States. Vol. 1. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Kurz, H., and K. Wagner. 1957. Tidal marshes of the Gulf and Atlantic coasts of 
     northern Florida and Charleston, South Carolina. Fla. State Univ. Stud. 
     24. 168 pp.

Langbein, W. B., and K. T. Iseri. 1960. General introduction and hydrologic 
     definitions manual of hydrologic. Part 1. General surface-water techniques. 
     U.S. Geol. Surv. Water-Supply Pap. 1541-A. 29 pp.

Lauff, G. H., editor. 1967. Estuaries. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Publ. 83.

Leitch, W. G. 1966. Historical and ecological factors in wetland inventory. 
     Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 31:88-96.

Lewis, J. R. 1964. The ecology of rocky shores. English Universities Press 
     Ltd., London. 323 pp.

Liu, T. K. 1970. A review of engineering soil classification systems. Pages 
     362-382 in Special procedures for testing soil and rock for engineering 
     purposes. Am. Soc. Test. Mater. Spec. Tech. Publ. 479. 630 pp.

Macan, T. T. 1961. Factors that limit the range of freshwater animals. Biol. 
     Rev. 36:151-198.

Macan, T. T. 1963. Freshwater ecology John Wiley & Sons. Inc., New York. 
     338 pp.

MacDonald, K. B., and M. B. Barbour. 1974. Beach and salt marsh vegetation of 
     the North American Pacific coast. Pages 175-233 in R. J. Reimold and W. H.
     Queen, eds. Ecology of halophytes. Academic Press, Inc., New York.

Martin, A. C., N. Hotchkiss, F. M. Uhler, and W. S Bourn. 1953. Classification 
     of wetlands of the United States. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. 
     Rep.--Wildl. 20. 14 pp.

Millar, J. B. 1976. Wetland classification in western Canada: a guide to 
     marshes and shallow open water wetlands in the grasslands and parklands of 
     the Prairie Provinces. Can. Wildl. Serv. Rep. Ser. 37. 38 pp.

Miner, R. W. 1950. Field book of seashore life. G. P Putnam's Sons, New York. 
     888 pp.

Montanari, J. H., and J. E. Townsend. 1977. Status of the National Wetlands 
     Inventory. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour.  Conf. 42:66-72.

Moore, P. D., and D. J. Bellamy. 1974. Peatlands. Springer-Verlag, Inc., New 
     York. 221 pp.

Morris, P. A. 1966. A field guide to shells of the Pacific Coast and Hawaii. 
     Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 297 pp.

Moyle, J. B. 1945. Some chemical factors influencing the distribution of 
     aquatic plants in Minnesota. Am. Midl. Nat. 34(2):402-420.

Moyle, J. B. 1946. Some indices of lake productivity. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 
     76:322-334.

Mueller-Dombois, D., and H. Ellenberg. 1974. Aims and methods of vegetation 
     ecology. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 547 pp.

Odum, E. P. 1971. Fundamentals of ecology. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia. 
     544 pp.

Odum, H. T. 1974. Tropical marine meadows. Pages 442-487 in  H. T. Odum, B. J. 
     Copeland, and E. A. McMahan, eds. Coastal  ecological systems of the 
     United States. Vol. 1. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Odum, H. T., B. J. Copeland, and E. A. McMahan, editors. 1974. Coastal 
     ecological systems of the United States. The Conservation Foundation, 
     Washington, D.C. 4 Vol.

Penfound, W. T. 1952. Southern swamps and marshes. Bot. Rev. 18:413-436.

Penfound, W. T., and E. S. Hathaway. 1938. Plant communities in the marshlands 
     of southeastern Louisiana. Ecol. Monogr.  8:1-56.

Pennak, R. W. 1978. Fresh-water invertebrates of the United States. 2nd 
     Edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 803 pp.

Pestrong, R. 1965. The development of drainage patterns on tidal marshes. 
     Stanford Univ. Publ. Geol. Sci. 10:1-87.

Phillips, R. C. 1974. Temperate grass flats. Pages 244-314 in H. T. Odum, B. J. 
     Copeland, and E. A. McMahan, eds. Coastal ecological systems of the United 
     States. Vol. 2. The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C.

Pollett, F. C., and P. B. Bridgewater. 1973. Phytosociology of peatlands in 
     central Newfoundland. Can. J. For. Res. 3(3):433-442.

Price, J. B., and G. Gunter. 1964. Studies of the chemistry of fresh and low 
     salinity waters in Mississippi and the boundary between fresh and brackish 
     water. Int. Rev. gesamten Hydrobiol. 49:629-636.

Radford, A. E. 1978. Natural area classification systems: a standardized scheme 
     for basic inventory of species, community and habitat diversity. Pages 
     243-279 in Proceedings of the National Symposium, Classification, 
     Inventory, and Analysis of Fish and Wildlife Habitat. U.S. Fish and 
     Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.

Radforth, N. W. 1962. Organic terrain and geomorphology. Can. Geogr. 
     6(3-4):166-171.

Ranwell, D. S. 1972. Ecology of salt marshes and sand dunes. Chapman and Hall, 
     London. 258 pp.

Redfield, A. C. 1972. Development of a New England salt marsh. Ecol. Monogr. 
     42(2):201-237.

Reid, G. K., and R. D. Wood. 1976. Ecology of inland waters and estuaries. D. 
     Van Nostrand and Co., New York. 485 pp.

Remane, A., and C. Schlieper. 1971. Biology of brackish water. Wiley 
     Interscience Division, John Wiley & Sons, New York. 372 pp.

Ricketts, E. F., and J. Calvin. 1968. Between Pacific tides, 4th ed. Revised by 
     J. W. Hedgpeth. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. 614 pp.

Riedl, R., and E. A. McMahan. 1974. High energy beaches. Pages 180-251 in H. T. 
     Odum, B. J. Copeland, and E. A. McMahan, eds. Coastal ecological systems 
     of the United States. Vol. 1.  The Conservation Foundation, Washington, 
     D.C.

Sculthorpe, C. D. 1967. The biology of aquatic vascular plants. Edward Arnold 
     Ltd., London. 610 pp.

Shaw, S. P., and C. G. Fredine. 1956. Wetlands of the United States. U.S. Fish 
     Wildl. Serv., Circ. 39. 67 pp.

Sjörs, H. 1950. On the relation between vegetation and electrolytes in north 
     Swedish mire waters. Oikos 2:241-258.


Sjörs, H. 1959. Bogs and fens in the Hudson Bay lowlands. J. Arctic Inst. Am. 
     12(1):2-19.

Slack, K. V., J. W. Nauman, and L. J. Tilley. 1977. Benthic invertebrates in an 
     arctic mountain stream, Brooks Range,  Alaska. J. Res. U.S. Geol. Surv. 5:519-
     527.

Smith, R. I. 1964. Key to marine invertebrates of the Woods Hole Region. 
     Contribution No. 11 of the Systematic-Ecology Program, Marine Biological 
     Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. 208 pp.

Stegman, J. L. 1976. Overview of current wetland classification and inventories 
     in the United States and Canada: U.S. Fish  and Wildlife Service. Pages 
     102-120 in J. H. Sather, ed.  National wetland classification and 
     inventors workshop proceedings-1975, University of Maryland. U.S. Fish and 
     Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C.

Stehr, W. C., and J. U. Branson. 1938. An ecological study of  an intermittent 
     stream. Ecology 19(1):294-354.

Stephenson, T. A., and A. Stephenson. 1972. Life between tidemarks on rocky 
     shores. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco. 425 pp.

Stewart, R. E. 1962. Waterfowl populations in the upper Chesapeake Region. U.S. 
     Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep.--Wildl. 65. 208 pp.

Stewart, R. E., and H. A. Kantrud. 1971. Classification of natural ponds and 
     lakes in the glaciated prairie region. U.S. Fish. Wildl. Serv., Resour. 
     Publ. 92. 57 pp.

Stewart, R. E., and H. A. Kantrud. 1972. Vegetation of prairie potholes, North 
     Dakota, in relation to quality of water and other environmental factors. 
     U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 585-D. 36 pp.

Thorson. G. 1957. Bottom communities. Pages 461-534 in J. W. Hedgpeth, ed. 
     Treatise on marine ecology and paleoecology.  Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 67. 
     Vol. 1.

Ungar, I. A. 1974. Inland halophytes of the United States. Pages 235-305 in 
     R. J. Reimold and W. H. Queen, eds. Ecology of halophytes. Academic Press, 
     New York. 605 pp.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1982. National list of scientific plant names. 
     Vol. 1, List of plant names; Vol. 2, Synonymy.  U.S. Soil Conservation 
     Service, SCS-TP-159, Washington, D.C.  Vol. 1--416pp., Vol. 2--438 pp.

U.S. Department of Interior. 1970. National atlas of the United States. U.S. 
     Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 417 pp.

U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1973.  Tide tables-high 
     and low predictions 1974: East coast of North and South America. U.S. 
     Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 288 pp.

U.S. Senate. 1970. The National Estuarine Pollution Study.  Report of the 
     Secretary of Interior to the United States Congress pursuant to Public Law 
     89-753, The Clean Water Restoration Act of 1966. U.S. Senate Doc. No. 
     91-58. U.S. Government  Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 633 pp.

U.S. Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey Staff. 1975. Soil Taxonomy: a basic 
     system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys.
     U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Agric.  Handb. 436. 754 pp.

van der Schalie, H. 1948. The land and freshwater mollusks of Puerto Rico. 
     Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. Misc. Publ. 70. 134 pp.

Walker, D. A. 1983. A hierarchical tundra vegetation classification especially 
     designed for mapping in northern Alaska. Pages  1332-1337 in Permafrost: 
     Fourth International Conference Proceedings, 17-22 July, 1983, University 
     of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

Walsh, G. E. 1974. Mangroves: a review. Pages 51-174 in R. J. Reimold and W. H. 
     Queen, eds. Ecology of halophytes.  Academic Press, Inc., New York.

Ward, H. B., and G. C. Whipple. 1959. Freshwater biology. John Wiley and Sons, 
     Inc., New York. 1248 pp.

Ward, J. V. 1975. Bottom fauna-substrate relationships in a northern Colorado 
     trout stream: 1945 and 1974. Ecology 56:1429-1434.

Weaver, J. E., and F. E. Clements. 1938. Plant ecology, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill 
     Book Company, Inc., New York. 601 pp.

Weber, C. I., editor. 1973. Biological field and laboratory methods for 
     measuring the quality of surface waters and effluents. U.S. Environmental 
     Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Environmental 
     Monitoring Series. EPA 670/4-73-001.

Welch, P. S. 1952. Limnology, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York. 538 pp.

Wetzel, R. G. 1975. Limnology. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia. 658 pp.

Zhadin, V. I., and S. V. Gerd. 1963. Fauna and flora of the rivers, lakes and 
     reservoirs of the U.S.S.R. Oldbourne Press, London. 626 pp.

Zoltai, S. C., F. C. Pollett, J. K. Jeglum, and G. D. Adams. 1975.  Developing 
     a wetland classification for Canada. Proc. N. Am.  For. Soils Conf. 4:497-511.