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Development of Immunization Registries
WHAT IS THE PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE?
In 2002, 25% of the nation's 2-year-olds were not fully up-to-date on
immunizations, placing them and others at risk of vaccine-preventable
diseases. Public health officials cannot easily predict which communities
are at risk for outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Because about 23%
of U.S. children change healthcare providers by age 2 and/or receive
immunizations from more than one provider; incomplete records are scattered
among different doctors, resulting in both redundant and insufficient
vaccination. The public's concerns about potential adverse health effects
associated with vaccination have increased in recent years. Immunization
information systems are needed that can easily and accurately track
immunization coverage and data related to vaccine safety.
WHAT HAS CDC ACCOMPLISHED?
- CDC worked with the American Immunization Registry Association and the
Association of Immunization Managers to form the Programmatic Registry
Operations Workgroup (PROW) to develop the PROW Standards of Excellence.
The National Vaccine Advisory Committee in 2003, endorsed this document
which supports vaccine management, provider quality assurance, service
delivery, consumer information, vaccine-preventable disease surveillance,
and vaccination coverage assessment.
- 12 minimum registry functional standards and Standards for
Certification were established. Certification is a voluntary process that
will be performed at the request of the registry. In 2002, three statewide
registries self-reported that they met all of the standards.
- Immunization registries demonstrated the value of immunization
registry data by providing reliable information on the impact of the DTaP
and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine shortage on vaccination coverage
levels.
- A cost study to characterize the costs of immunization registries in
the United States was conducted at 24 sites and the results of this study
will be published in Spring 2004. In addition, CDC staff is working with
the Utah Department of Health to collect data that measure the
administrative impact of its immunization registry on the Vaccine for
Children Program's related reporting activities.
- CDC, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, and Kaiser Permanente
staff have demonstrated that vaccine adverse events can be reported in
standard health level 7 (HL7) immunization electronic messages by
providers and state/local health departments. Final message structure and
processes will be completed and published in 2004.
- Updates to the HL7 Implementation Guide for Immunization Data
Transactions and the de-duplication tool kit are now available online at
www.cdc.gov/nip/registry/hl7guide.pdf and
www.cdc.gov/nip/registry/dedup/dedup.htm.
WHAT ARE THE NEXT STEPS?
Healthy People 2010 objectives include increasing the proportion
of children less than 6 years of age participating in fully operational
immunization registries to 95%. To reach this goal, future immunization
registry activities, supported by Section 317 Immunization Grant Program
funds, will focus on
- Increasing the proportion of children and healthcare providers that
participate in registries.
- Ensuring the privacy, confidentiality, and security of registry data.
- Promoting the use of accurate and efficient immunization registries
and data.
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last reviewed January 2004
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Programs In Brief
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