"I'm 5' 11" and weigh 190 pounds. My basketball teammates
all weigh less than me. Should I lose weight?"
"My friend is trying to lose weight and it worries me.
She's 5' 2" and weighs 125 pounds. Is she too fat?"
"I'm 5' 4" and I weigh 95 pounds. I think I need to gain
weight because I can see my ribs. What should I do?"
"What's
the right weight for my height?" is one of the most common questions girls and
guys have. It seems like a simple question. But, for teens, there's no single
number that's the right weight. Why not? Because people have different body
types. Some are more muscular, some are more developed. As teens go through
puberty, the amount of muscle, fat, and bone in their bodies can change
dramatically. Because muscle and bone weigh more than fat, a person's weight can
vary quite a bit during this time. So it can be normal for two people who are
the same height to have very different weights.
During puberty, the body begins making hormones that spark
physical changes like muscle growth (particularly in guys) and weight gain in
both guys and girls. Once these changes start, they continue for several years.
The average person can expect to grow as much as 10 inches (25 centimeters)
during puberty before he or she reaches full adult height.
All adolescents go through a period when they grow faster.
Most guys and girls gain weight more rapidly during this time. All that new
weight gain can be perfectly fine - as long as body fat, muscle, and bone are in
the right proportion. Some teens, especially those who go through puberty on a
later time schedule, may feel too skinny. The good news is that their
growth, development, and weight gain almost always catch up to other people
their age later on.
It can feel quite strange adjusting to suddenly feeling
heavier or taller. So it's perfectly normal to feel self-conscious about weight
during adolescence - a lot of people do.
Figuring Out Fat Using
BMI Most teens want to
monitor their weight and know they're growing in a healthy way. But, as you've
just seen, you need to know more than just your weight. You need to see if your
weight is right for your height. There is a way to figure out if a person has a
good height-to-weight ratio. That way is called the body mass index, or
BMI. BMI is a formula that doctors use to estimate how much body fat a person
has based on his or her weight and height. It's more accurate than just weighing
and measuring someone.
The BMI formula uses height and weight measurements to
calculate a BMI number. This number is then plotted on a chart. (There are
different charts for guys and girls under the age of 20.) The chart tells a
person whether he or she is underweight, average weight, at risk of becoming
overweight, or overweight compared to other girls or guys the same age.
To figure out your BMI, you'll need an accurate height and
weight measurement - so if you don't have a lot of confidence in your bathroom
scale, get weighed and measured at your doctor's office or school. Enter your
height and weight into this calculator and then hit "calculate." To find out
what the number means, go to the BMI
chart.
What's Your BMI? |
Instructions: |
1. |
Enter your height and weight. |
2. |
Click "calculate" to get your BMI. |
3. |
Go to the BMI
chart. |
|
With this number in hand, a doctor finds out where a teen
falls on a BMI chart.
Figuring out the body mass index is a little more
complicated for teens than it is for adults (that puberty thing again). BMI
charts are based on a person's percentile. A percentile is a way
to compare one individual to a group of people.
A person's BMI percentile indicates how his or her
measurements compare to other guys or girls in the same age group. Each BMI
chart has eight percentile lines for 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th, 90th,
and 95th percentiles. A teen whose BMI is at the 50th percentile is close to the
average of the age group. A teen above the 95th percentile is considered
overweight
because 95% of the age group has a BMI less than he or she does. A teen below
the 5th percentile is considered underweight because 95% of the age group has a
higher BMI.
What Does BMI Tell Us? Most teens worry about how they look when
they're overweight, but staying healthy is about more than how you look. Teens
who are significantly overweight increase their risk of developing health
problems, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Being overweight as a teen also makes a person more likely to be
overweight as an adult. And adults who are overweight may develop serious health
conditions, such as heart disease.
Although you can calculate BMI on your own, it's a good
idea to ask your doctor, school nurse, or fitness counselor to help you figure
out what it means. That's because a doctor can do more than just use BMI to
assess a person's current weight. He or she can take into account where a girl
or guy is during puberty and use BMI results from past years to track whether
that person may be at risk for becoming overweight. Spotting this risk early on
can allow the person to make changes in diet and exercise before he or she goes
on to develop a weight problem.
Although BMI can be a good indicator of a person's body
fat, it doesn't always tell the full story. Someone can have a high BMI because
he or she has a large frame or a lot of muscle (like a bodybuilder or athlete)
instead of excess fat. Likewise, a small person with a small frame may have a
normal BMI but could still have too much body fat.
How Can I Be Sure I'm Not Overweight or
Underweight? If you think you've
gained too much weight or are too skinny, a doctor should help you decide
whether it's a normal part of growing up or whether you really have a weight
problem. Your doctor has measured your height and weight over time and knows
whether you're growing normally.
If your doctor has a concern about your height, weight, or
BMI, he or she may ask questions about your physical activity and eating habits.
Your doctor may also ask about your family background to find out if you've
inherited traits that might make you taller, shorter, or a late bloomer (a
person who develops later than other people the same age). The doctor can then
put all this information together to decide whether you might have a weight or
growth problem.
If your doctor thinks it's a good idea for you to control
your weight, you will probably get specific dietary and exercise recommendations
based on your individual needs. Following a doctor's or dietitian's plan that's
designed especially for you will work way better than following fad diets. For
teens, fad diets or starvation plans can actually slow down growth and sexual
development.
What if you're worried about being too skinny? Most teens
who weigh less than other teens their age are just fine. They may be going
through puberty on a different schedule than some of their peers, and their
bodies may be growing and changing at a different rate. Most underweight teens
catch up in weight as they finish puberty during their later teen years and
there's rarely a need to try to gain weight.
In a few cases, teens can be underweight because of a
health problem that needs treatment. If you feel tired or ill a lot, or if you
have symptoms like a cough, stomachache, diarrhea, or other problems that have
lasted for more than a week or 2, be sure to let your parents or your doctor
know. Some teens are underweight because of eating
disorders, like anorexia or bulimia, that require attention.
Getting Into Your Genes Heredity plays a role in body shape and what a person
weighs. People from different races, ethnic groups, and nationalities tend to
have different body fat distribution (meaning they accumulate fat in different
parts of their bodies) or body composition (amounts of bone and muscle versus
fat). But genes are not destiny. (That may be a relief if you're looking at Aunt
Mildred and wondering if you'll end up with her physique!) No matter whose genes
you inherit, you can have a healthy body by eating right and being
active.
Genes aren't the only things that family members may
share. It's also true that unhealthy eating habits can be passed down, too. The
eating and exercise habits of people in the same household probably have an even
greater effect than genes on a person's risk of becoming overweight. If your
family eats a lot of high-fat foods or snacks or doesn't get
much exercise, you may
tend to do the same. The good news is these habits can be changed for the
better. Even simple forms of exercise, such as walking, have huge benefits for a
person's health. Click on the "More Articles Like This" tab for some tips on
managing weight and staying healthy.
It can be tough dealing with the physical changes our
bodies go through during puberty. But at this time, more than any other, it's
not a specific number on the scale that's important. It's keeping your body
healthy - inside and out.
Reviewed by: Steven
Dowshen, MD Date reviewed:
August 2004
|