Repair of a varicocele may improve fertility. A varicocele is caused by enlarged (varicose) veins in the scrotum. Blood backs up in the veins leading from the testicle, causing swelling. This condition is commonly associated with infertility. It's not clear how a varicocele causes infertility. But it appears to affect sperm production in some men, resulting in:
- Poor movement (motility) of sperm
- A high number of deformed sperm
Varicocele repair often improves sperm function, which makes pregnancy more likely. Treatment is directed at sealing off the affected vein to redirect the flow of blood into normal veins. Methods include:
- Open surgery
- Laparoscopic surgery
- Invasive radiological techniques
