Skip to Content

Current Bibliographies in Medicine 95-9


Viral Hemorrhagic Fever




CBM  95-9



Viral Hemorrhagic Fever


January 1990 through June 1996

1723 Citations




Prepared by


Cynthia B. Love, M.L.S., National Library of Medicine

Peter B. Jahrling, Ph.D., U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases















U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
National Institutes of Health


National Library of Medicine
Reference Section
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland  20894


1996



National Library of Medicine Cataloging in Publication



Love, Cynthia B.
Viral hemorrhagic fever : January 1990 through June 1996
: 1723 citations / prepared by Cynthia B. Love, Peter B.
Jahrling. -- Bethesda, Md. (8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda
20894) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public
Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National
Library of Medicine, Reference Section ; Pittsburgh, PA :
Sold by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
-- (Current bibliographies in medicine ; 95-9)

1. Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral - bibliography  2.
Bunyaviridae Infections - bibliography  3. Flavivirus
Infections - bibliography  4. Filovirus Infections -
bibliography  5. Arenaviridae Infections - bibliography
I. Jahrling, Peter B.  II. National Library of Medicine
(U.S.). Reference Section  III. Title  IV. Series

02NLM: ZW 1 N272 no.95-9








SERIES  NOTE


Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation in part of the 
National Library of Medicine's Literature Search Series, which ceased in 
1987 with No. 87-15.  In 1989 it also subsumed the Specialized Bibliography 
Series.  Each bibliography in the new series covers a distinct subject area 
of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current awareness function.  
Citations are usually derived from searching a variety of online databases.  
NLM databases utilized include MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE,  CANCERLIT, 
CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE and TOXLINE.  The only criterion for the inclusion 
of a particular published work is its relevance to the topic being 
presented; the format, ownership, or location of the material is not 
considered.

Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to:

Karen Patrias, Editor
Current Bibliographies in Medicine
Reference Section
National Library of Medicine
Bethesda, MD  20894
Phone: 301-496-6097
Fax: 301-402-1384
Internet: patrias@nlm.nih.gov


Ordering Information:

Current Bibliographies in Medicine is sold by the Superintendent of 
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. 371954, Pittsburgh, PA  
15250-7954.  To order the entire CBM series for calendar year 1996 
(approximately 10 bibliographies), send $47.00 ($58.75 foreign) to the 
Superintendent of Documents citing GPO List ID: CBM96.  For your convenience 
an order blank is given inside the back cover.  Orders for individual 
bibliographies in the series ($5.50, $6.88 foreign) should be sent to the 
Superintendent of Documents citing the title, CBM number, and the GPO 
List ID given above.


Internet Access:

The Current Bibliographies in Medicine series is also available at no cost 
to anyone with Internet access through FTP (File Transfer Protocol).  FTP to 
nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov and login as anonymous.  The index file in the "bibs" 
directory provides information on the bibliographies available.






Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the Director
of the Office of Management and Budget through September 30, 1996.





VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVER


The phrase "emerging infectious diseases" was first used in 1990 to describe 
new, rediscovered, or newly re-emerging (once thought controlled) infectious 
diseases threatening public health in both developed and undeveloped 
countries.  These diseases include the upswing in drug-resistant 
tuberculosis, AIDS, and outbreaks of Ebola and Marburg virus diseases.  
Among the most virulent and frightening "new " infectious diseases are those 
that can lead to hemorrhagic fever.  The fevers may be an inevitable result 
of a particular infection or an uncommon complication of a disease not 
usually associated with hemorrhagic fever.  

This bibliography lists citations from 1990 to June 1996 on viral 
hemorrhagic fevers.  Most of the literature on hemorrhagic fever is focused 
on epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical care, vaccine development, and 
vector identification and control.  Molecular virology articles on specific 
viruses are not included. The citations include medical journal articles, 
letters to the editor, editorials, and books and book chapters in English 
and other languages.  Newspaper and magazine articles are excluded, even 
though considerable material on Ebola and other infectious diseases has been 
written in the popular press.  Articles are on hemorrhagic fever in humans 
and on animal research of potential benefit to humans; those hemorrhagic 
fever viruses that are known to affect only animals are omitted.  
Arrangement of the bibliography is by disease and citations within each 
category are listed alphabetically by author.  Citations are listed in only 
one category.

There is tremendous variation in the amount of material written on the 
hemorrhagic fevers, ranging from a handful of articles on Kyasanur Forest 
disease and Omsk hemorrhagic fever to hundreds of articles on hantavirus 
infections and on dengue.  Although the literature on milder forms of dengue 
is voluminous, articles included in this bibliography are limited to dengue 
shock syndrome and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Rift Valley fever and 
Nairovirus articles are also limited to those addressing hemorrhagic 
manifestations.  For the broad, general categories of "Arbovirus Infections,"
"Bunyavirus Infections," "Flavivirus Infections," "Filovirus Infections," 
and "Arenavirus Infections," only articles on these viral infections in 
relation to hemorrhagic fever are included.  Articles on "instructions to 
travelers" and vaccination recommendations for international travel are not 
included.  Some of these diseases (or viruses) have numerous synonyms or 
related terms.  Materials were assigned to subject categories in this 
bibliography as follows:

HANTAVIRUS INFECTIONS includes the Four Corners, Muerto Canyon, Puumala, 
Seoul, Belgrade,  HFRS,  Sin Nombre, Black Creek Canal, and hantaan viruses, 
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Korean 
hemorrhagic fever, nephropathia epidemica, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever. 

CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER includes Crimean hemorrhagic fever, CCHF, 
and Congo virus.

TACARIBE COMPLEX VIRUS INFECTIONS includes American, Latin American, 
Bolivian, Argentine, and Venezuelan hemorrhagic fevers, and the Junin, 
Machupo, Sabia, Mopeia, and Guanarito viruses. 

The compilers wish to thank Elizabeth Dawson, Reference Section, National 
Library of Medicine, for her production assistance.



SEARCH  STRATEGY


A variety of online databases are usually searched in preparing 
bibliographies in the CBM series.  To assist you in updating or otherwise 
manipulating the material in this search, the strategy used for the NLM's 
MEDLINE database is given below.  Please note that the search strategies 
presented here differ from individual demand searches in that they are 
generally broadly formulated and irrelevant citations edited out prior to 
printing.


SS 1 = ARBOVIRUSES OR ARENAVIRIDAE OR ARENAVIRUS OR LASSA VIRUS OR 
TACARIBE COMPLEX VIRUSES OR JUNIN VIRUS OR BUNYAVIRIDAE OR 
HANTAVIRUS OR HANTAAN VIRUS OR NAIROVIRUS OR 
HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS, CRIMEAN-CONGO OR  RIFT VALLEY FEVER VIRUS OR 
FLAVIVIRIDAE OR FLAVIVIRUS OR DENGUE VIRUS OR EXP FILOVIRIDAE OR 
HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS, EPIDEMIC OR MACHUPO VIRUS OR 
MARBURG VIRUS OR FOUR ADJ CORNERS OR MUERTO ADJ CANYON OR 
PUUMALA (TW) OR SEOUL ADJ VIRUS OR PROSPECT ADJ HILL OR 
BELGRADE ADJ VIRUS OR LEAKEY ADJ VIRUS OR THOTTAPALAYAM ADJ VIRUS OR 
KOREAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC ADJ FEVER OR EPIDEMIC ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
HFRS (TW) OR GUANARITOVIRUS (TW) OR GUANARITO (TW) OR 
CCHF ADJ VIRUS OR CONGO ADJ VIRUS OR PHILIPPINE ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
THAI ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR DHF (TW) OR DSS (TW) OR ILESHA ADJ VIRUS

SS 2 = ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS OR ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS OR 
BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS OR HANTAVIRUS INFECTIONS OR 
HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME OR 
EXP HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL OR BOLIVIAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
VENEZUELAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR ARGENTINIAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
LATIN ADJ AMERICAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
CRIMEAN ADJ CONGO ADJ HEMORRHAGIC OR 
SOUTHEAST ADJ ASIAN ADJ HEMORRHAGIC ORDENGUE ADJ SHOCK

SS 3 = 1 OR 2



GRATEFUL MED and INTERNET GRATEFUL MED 

To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers 
GRATEFUL MED, microcomputer-based software that provides a user-friendly 
interface to most NLM databases.  This software was specifically developed for 
health professionals and features multiple choice menus and "fill in the 
blank" screens for easy search preparation.  GRATEFUL MED runs on an IBM PC 
(or IBM-compatible) with DOS 2.0 or a Macintosh, and requires a Hayes (or 
Hayes-compatible) modem.  It may be purchased from the National Technical 
Information Service in Springfield, Virginia, for $29.95 (plus $3.00 per 
order for shipping).  For your convenience, an order blank has been enclosed 
at the back of this bibliography.

INTERNET GRATEFUL MED is available from the World Wide Web.  The user with 
Internet access and an NLM user account need only point a compatible Web 
browser (Netscape Navigator is strongly recommended) to 
http://igm.nlm.nih.gov.  No other  software at the user end is required.  At 
present, MEDLINE is the only NLM database available through INTERNET 
GRATEFUL MED, but the Library expects to add access to other files rapidly.



SAMPLE  CITATIONS


Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according to the rules 
established for Index Medicus *.  Sample journal and monograph citations 
appear below.  For journal articles written in a foreign language, the 
English translation of the title is placed in brackets; for monographs, the 
title is given in the original language.  In both cases the language of
publication is shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing at the end of 
the citation.



Journal Article:

Authors                  Article Title

Foran JA, Glenn BS.  Reducing the health risks of sport fish. 
Issues Sci Technol 1991-92 Winter;8(2):73-7.  

Abbreviated Journal                   Date      Volume  Issue  Pages
Title



Monograph:

Authors/Editors            Title

Ward DR, Hackney CR, editors.  Microbiology of marine food products.
New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold; 1991.   450 p.   

Place of           Publisher             Date       Total No.
Publication                          of Pages




_________________________________

*For details of the formats used for references, see the following publication:

Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for 
bibliographic citation.  Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991 Apr.  
Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS


Overview of Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

Arbovirus Infections

Bunyavirus Infections

Hantavirus Infections
Nairovirus
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Rift Valley Fever

Flavivirus Infections

Dengue
Yellow Fever
Kyasanur Forest Disease
Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever

Filovirus Infections

Ebola
Marburg

Arenavirus Infections

Lassa Fever
Tacaribe Complex Virus Infections






OVERVIEW OF VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS

Addressing emerging infectious disease threats: a prevention
strategy for the United States. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 1994;43(RR-5):1-18.

Andrei G, De Clercq E. Molecular approaches for the
treatment of hemorrhagic fever virus infections. Antiviral
Res 1993 Sep;22(1):45-75.

Arata AA. Difficulties facing vector control in the 1990s. Am
J Trop Med Hyg 1994;50(6 Suppl):6-10.

Arbiser JL, Fine JD, Arndt KA. Other viral infections. In:
Sanders CV, Nesbitt LT Jr, editors. The skin and
infection: a color atlas and text. Baltimore (MD):
Williams and Wilkins Co.; 1995.  p. 200-13.

Baker MS, Strunk HK. Medical aspects of Persian Gulf
operations: serious infectious and communicable diseases
of the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabian peninsula. Mil
Med 1991;156(8):385-90.

Bannister BA. Stringent precautions are advisable when
caring for patients with viral haemorrhagic fevers. Rev
Med Virol 1993;3(1):3-6.

Butler JC, Peters CJ. Lessons learned from the hantaviruses
and other hemorrhagic fever viruses. Am J Med Sci 1996
Jan;311(1):55-9. 

Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (USA).
Part 1: Summaries of notifiable diseases in the United
States 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994;
42(53):I-XVII, 3-72.

Chastel C. Histoire des virus de la variole au SIDA. Paris:
Boubee; 1992. 413 p. (Fre).

Corwin A, Habib M, Olson J, Scott D, Ksiazek T, Watts
DM. The prevalence of arboviral, rickettsial, and
Hantaan-like viral antibody among schoolchildren in the
Nile river delta of Egypt. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
1992 Nov-Dec;86(6):677-9.

Corwin A, Habib M, Watts D, Darwish M, Olson J, Botros
B, Hibbs R, Kleinosky M, Lee HW, Shope R, et al.
Community-based prevalence profile of arboviral,
rickettsial, and Hantaan-like viral antibody in the Nile
River Delta of Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jun;
48(6):776-83.

Culliton BJ. Emerging viruses, emerging threat [news].
Science 1990 Jan 19;247(4940):279-80.

Davies FG, Ochieng P, Walker AR. The occurrence of
ephemeral fever in Kenya, 1968-1988. Vet Microbiol
1990;(2-3):129-36.

del Hierro Vega F, Llorca Diaz J. [A surveillance system on
the risk of importing viral hemorrhagic fevers]. Rev Sanid
Hig Publica (Madr) 1992 Jan-Feb;66(1):109-10.  (Spa).

Epstein PR. Emerging diseases and ecosystem instability:
new threats to public health. Am J Public Health 1995
Feb;85(2):168-72.

Fenner F. Emerging virus diseases. In: Freedman L, editor.
Is our future limited by our past. Proceedings of the
Australasian Society for Human Biology, No. 3; 1989
Dec 4-7; Canberra, Australia. Nedlands: The University
of Western Australia, Centre for Human Biology; 1990. 
p. 287-96.

Fenner F. Emerging virus diseases. Virus Inf Exch Newsl
South East Asia West Pac 1991;8(4):146-9.

Fernandez A, Rodriguez F, Espinosa A, Bautista MJ,
Rodriguez J, Perez J, Poveda JB. [Human viral
haemorrhagic fevers and African swine fever similar
pathogenic mechanisms]. An Vet Murcia 1990-91;
6-7:107-14. (Spa).

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: management of patients with suspected viral
hemorrhagic fever--United States. JAMA 1995 Aug 2;
274(5):374-5. 

Filipe A. Viral haemorrhagic fever in European community
state members. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1993
Aug-Sep;11(7):385-90.

Fisher-Hoch SP. Stringent precautions are not advisable
when caring for patients with viral haemorrhagic fevers.
Rev Med Virol 1993;3(1):7-13.

Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick JB. Pathogenesis of
hemorrhagic fevers. In: Zuckerman AJ, Banatvala JE,
Pattison JR, editors. Principles and practice of clinical
virology. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1990. 
p. 475-92.

Gasser RA Jr, Magill AJ, Oster CN, Tramont EC. The threat
of infectious disease in Americans returning from
Operation Desert Storm. N Engl J Med 1991;324(12):
859-64.

Gellert GA. Preparing for emerging infections. Nature 1994
Aug 11;370(6489):409-10.

Granstrom M. Viral vaccines. In: Cryz SJ, editor.
Immunotherapy and vaccines. New York: VCH
Publishers, Inc.; 1991. p.47-76.

Griffiths PD, Ellis DS, Zuckerman AJ. Other common types
of viral hepatitis and exotic infections. Br Med Bull 1990;
46(2):512-32.

Halstead SB. Rabies and viral hemorrhagic fevers. Curr Opin
Infect Dis 1991;4(3):296-301.

Heymann DL, Piot P. The laboratory, epidemiology,
nosocomial infection and HIV [editorial]. AIDS 1994
May;8(5):705-6.

Hibbs RG, Corwin A, Thornton CA, Lluberas M, Sanderson
R, Watts D. Epidemic of febrile disease in Berbera,
Somalia. J Trop Med 1993;2(5):67-72.

Hill DR. Tropical and travel-associated diseases. Curr Opin
Infect Dis 1991;4(3):261-4.

Holland JJ. Evolving virus plagues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S
A 1996 Jan 23;93(2):545-6. Comment on: Proc Natl Acad
Sci U S A 1996 Jan 23;93(2):548-53.

Howard CR, Simpson DIH, Ellis DS. Viral hemorrhagic
fevers. In: Zuckerman AJ, Banatvala JE, Pattison JR,
editors. Principles and practice of clinical virology. 2nd
ed. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1990. p. 449-74.

Huggins JW. RNA viruses that cause hemorrhagic
encephalitic and febrile disease. In: Galasso GJ, Whitley
RJ, Merigan TC, editors. Practical diagnosis of viral
infections. New York: Raven Press; 1993. p. 283-307.

Jahrling PB. Filoviruses and arenaviruses. In: Hausler WJ Jr,
et al., editors. Manual of clinical microbiology. 5th ed.
Washington: American Society of Microbiology; 1991. 
p. 984-97.

Johnson KM. Emerging viruses in context: an overview of
viral hemorrhagic fevers. In: Morse SS, editor. Emerging
viruses. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1993. p.46-57.

Kalter SS, Heberling RL. Primate viral diseases in
perspective. J Med Primatol 1990;19(6):519-35.

Kay BH, Barker-Hudson P, Piper RG, Stallman ND.
Arbovirus disease and surveillance methodology related
to water resource development in Australia. Int J Water
Resour Dev 1990;6(2):95-103.

Kilbourne ED. New viral diseases. A real and potential
problem without boundaries. JAMA 1990 Jul 4;264(1):
68-70.

Kita J. [Continuation of infectious diseases: epidemics-
epizootics]. Med Wet 1994;50(11):529-33. (Pol).

Kitamura T. [Diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fever]. Nippon
Rinsho 1990 Feb;48 Suppl:312-5.  (Jpn).

Koblet H. Invertebrate tissue culture as a tool to study
insect-transmitted viruses: a brief introduction. In Vitro
Cell Dev Biol Anim 1993 Apr;29A(4):272-3.

Konstantinov OK. [Ticks of the Ixodidae family as reservoir
of arboviruses in the Republic of Guinea. II.
Arboviruses]. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 1990;43(1):
15-22.  (Fre).

Kurata T. [Present status of viral haemorrhagic fevers in
developing countries and the countermeasures]. Uirusu
1993 Jun;43(1):53-65.  (Jpn).

Kurata T. [Viral hemorrhagic fevers]. Nippon Rinsho 1993
Jan;51 Suppl:868-76.  (Jpn).

Kurstak E, editor. Control of virus diseases. 2nd ed. New
York: Marcel Dekker; 1993. 440 p.

Levin M. Syndromes with renal failure and shock. Pediatr
Nephrol 1994 Apr;8(2):223-9.

Lozano A. [Hemorrhagic viral diseases. A health problem?].
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1991 Aug-Sep;9(7):420-4. 
(Spa).

Mahy BW, Dykewicz C, Fisher-Hoch S, Ostroff S, Tipple
M, Sanchez A. Virus zoonoses and their potential for
contamination of cell cultures. Dev Biol Stand 1991;75:
183-9.

Martet G, Coue JC, Lecamus JL. [Epidemiology and
prophylaxis of viral hemorrhagic fevers]. Med Trop
(Mars) 1990 Jul-Sep;50(3):331-8.  (Fre).

Mathiot CC, Herve VM, Georges AJ. Antibodies to
haemorrhagic fever viruses and to selected arboviruses in
monkeys from the Central African Republic. Trans R Soc
Trop Med Hyg 1990 Sep-Oct;84(5):732-3.

Matsuura Y, Morikawa S, Ihara T. [Gene structures of
arenaviruses and bunyaviruses--ambisense RNA viruses].
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 1992 Oct;37(14 Suppl):
2435-9.  (Jpn).

McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch S. Viral hemorrhagic fevers. 
In: Warren KS, Mahmoud AAF, editors. Tropical and
geographical medicine. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw Hill,
Inc.; 1990. p. 700-28.

McLean DM. Zoonoses. In: McLean DM, Smith JA, editors.
Medical microbiology synopsis. Philadelphia: Lea and
Febiger; 1991. p. 207-10.

McMichael AJ, Beers MY. Climate change and human
population health: Global and South Australian
perspectives. Trans R Soc S Aust 1994;118(1-2):91-8.

Microbes ever marching [editorial]. Nature 1993 Jun 10;
363(6429):479-80.

Moll van Charante AW, Groen J, Osterhaus AD. Risk of
infections transmitted by arthropods and rodents in
forestry workers. Eur J Epidemiol 1994 Jun;10(3):
349-51.

Monath TP. Vector-borne emergent disease. Ann N Y Acad
Sci 1994 Dec 15;740:126-8.

Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases.
Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996
Jun 5];1(1):[24 screens]. Available from: National Center
for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm

Morse SS. Patterns and predictability in emerging infections.
Hosp Pract (Off Ed) 1996 Apr 15;31(4):85-91, 96-101,
104  passim. 

Morsy TA, El Okbi LMA, Kamal AMM, Ahmed MM,
Boshara EF. Mosquitoes of the genus Culex in the Suez
Canal Egypt Governorates. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1990;
20(1):265-8.

Moss JT, Wilson JP. Treatment of viral hemorrhagic fevers
with ribavirin [letter]. Ann Pharmacother 1992 Sep;
26(9):1156-7.

Nettleman MD. Emporiatrics: the study of diseases in
travelers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1990;11(3):
157-60.

New South Wales, Department of Public Health. Contingency
plan for cases of suspected quarantinable diseases
including viral haemorrhagic fevers. 3rd ed. North
Sydney: The Department; 1993. 29 p.

Nozais JP. Statistics on tropical and parasitic diseases. In:
Tchobroutsky G, editor. From symptoms to decisions:
medicine for everyday. London: Freund Publishing
House Ltd.; 1990. p.385-90.

Quarantine unit, isolators in new government policy. Aust
Hosp 1979 Jul;(32):3.

Renquist D. Outbreak of simian hemorrhagic fever. J Med
Primatol 1990;19(1):77-9.

Rollin P. [Viral hemorrhagic fevers]. In: Crainic R, Nicolas
JC, editors. Collection biologie medicale: virologie
medicale. Paris: Lavoisier; 1993. p.445-61. (Fre).

Satcher D. Emerging infections: getting ahead of the curve.
Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996
Jun 5];1(1):[19 screens]. Available from: National Center
for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm

Saxe SE, Gardner P. The returning traveler with fever. Infect
Dis Clin North Am 1992 Jun;6(2):427-39.

Scientist tests the public trust [editorial]. Nature 1994
Sep 1;371(6492):1.

Service MW. Vector control. Where are we now? Bull Soc
Vector Ecol 1992;17(2):94-108.

Sewell DL. Laboratory-associated infections and biosafety.
Clin Microbiol Rev 1995;8(3):389-405.

Shandera WX. Travel-related diseases: injury and infectious
disease prevention. J Wilderness Med 1993;4(1):40-61.

Shepherd SM, Talbot-Stern JK. Evaluation of the traveler: an
introduction of emporiatrics for the emergency physician.
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1991;9(2):273-302.

Shope R. Global climate change and infectious diseases.
Environ Health Perspect 1991 Dec;96:171-4.

Speed BR, Gerrard MP, Kennett ML, Catton MG, Harvey
BM. Viral haemorrhagic fevers: current status, future
threats. Med J Aust 1996 Jan 15;164(2):79-83. 

Spier RE. The conference on vaccines protective against
enteric diseases. Vaccine 1993;11(2):1-182.

Strickland GT. Fever in the returned traveler. Med Clin
North Am 1992;76(6):1375-92.

Stroot P. WHO establishes new rapid-response unit for
emerging infectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis [serial
online] 1996 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5];2(1):[2 screens].
Available from: National Center for Infectious Diseases,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm

Tesh RB. Undifferentiated arboviral fevers. In: Warren KS,
Mahmoud AAF, editors. Tropical and geographical
medicine. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.; 1990.
p. 685-91.

Trend in the management and control of tropical diseases.
Proceedings of the 1st International Congress of
Parasitology and Tropical Medicine; 1994 Aug 24-27;
Malaysia. [place, publisher unknown]; 1994. 192 p.

Update: management of patients with suspected viral
hemorrhagic fever--United States. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 1995 Jun 30;44(25):475-9.

Vector-transmitted diseases in Central America, Belize and
Panama. Epidemiol Bull 1990;11(3):9-12.

Vinogradov EL, Zoshchenkova NY, Petrov LN, Chechina
VV. [Problems with improving the quality and
development of new drug forms of vaccines]. Vopr
Virusol 1992;37(4):219-21 (Rus).

Viral haemorrhagic fever in imported monkeys. Wkly
Epidemiol Rec 1992 May 8;67(19):142-3.

Wilson ME. Travel and the emergence of infectious diseases.
Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Apr-Jun[cited 1996
Jun 5];1(2):[23 screens]. Available from: National Center
for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm 

World Health Organization. Report of a meeting of the
directors of WHO collaborating centres for arboviruses
and haemorrhagic fevers; 1993 Oct 28-29; Atlanta,
Georgia. Geneva: The Organization; 1993. 6 p.

Wyler DJ. Evaluation of cryptic fever in a traveler to Africa.
Curr Clin Top Infect Dis 1992;12:329-47.

Yuill TM. Animal diseases affecting human welfare in
developing countries: impacts and control. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol 1991;7(2):157-63.


ARBOVIRUS  INFECTIONS

Ansari MZ, Shope RE. Epidemiology of arboviral infections.
Public Health Rev 1994;22(1-2):1-26. 

Antoniadis A, Alexiou-Daniel S, Malissiovas N, Doutsos J,
Polyzoni T, LeDuc JW, Peters CJ, Saviolakis G, Calisher
CH. Sero-epidemiological survey for antibodies to
arboviruses in Greece. Arch Virol Suppl 1991;1:277-85.

Aseffa A. Viral diseases in Ethiopia: a review. East Afr Med
J 1993 Oct;70(10):624-6. 

Baker DA. Arboviruses. In: Gleicher N, editor. Principles
and practice of medical therapy in pregnancy. 2nd ed.
Norwalk (CT): Appleton & Lange; 1992. p.77-9.

Bychenko TA, Pomelova VG, Osin NS, Lavrova NA,
Butenko AM. [The rapid detection of arboviruses by dot
immunoenzyme analysis on membrane filters]. Vopr
Virusol 1994 Jul-Aug;39(4):157-60.  (Rus). 

Calisher CH, editor. Hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome, tick- and mosquito-borne viruses. Arch Virol
1991;1 Suppl:1-347. 2nd Symposium on Arboviruses in
Mediterranean Countries; 1989 Sep 24-9; Dubrovnik,
Croatia. International Symposium on Arboviruses and
Arboviral Infections; 1989 Oct 3-5; Moscow.

Eltari E, Gina A, Bitri T, Sharofi F. [Some data on
arboviruses, especially tick-borne encephalitis, in
Albania]. G Mal Infett Parassit 1993;45(5):404-11.  (Ita). 

Ferreira IB, Pereira LE, Rocco IM, Marti AT, de Souza LT,
Iversson LB. Surveillance of arbovirus infections in the
Atlantic Forest Region, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. I.
Detection of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in
wild birds between 1978 and 1990. Rev Inst Med Trop
Sao Paulo 1994 May-Jun;36(3):265-74. 

Hyams KC, Hanson K, Wignall FS, Escamilla J, Oldfield EC
III. The impact of infectious diseases on the health of
U.S. troops deployed to the Persian Gulf during
operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Clin Infect
Dis 1995;20(6):1497-504. 

Iversson LB. [Current status of the eco- epidemiological
knowledge on arboviruses pathogenic to humans in the
Atlantic Forest region of the State of Sao Paulo]. Rev Inst
Med Trop Sao Paulo 1994 Jul-Aug;36(4):343-53.  (Por). 

Kaiser J. Yale arbovirus team heads south [news]. Science
1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1470-1. 

Kende M. Treatment strategies for human arboviral
infections applicable to veterinary medicine. Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1992 Jun 16;653:297-313. 

Monlun E, Zeller H, Le Guenno B, Traore- Lamizana M,
Hervy JP, Adam F, Ferrara L, Fontenille D, Sylla R,
Mondo M, et al. [Surveillance of the circulation of
arbovirus of medical interest in the region of eastern
Senegal]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(1):21-8.  (Fre). 

Morrill JC, Johnson BK, Hyams C, Okoth F, Tukei PM,
Mugambi M, Woody J. Serological evidence of arboviral
infections among humans of coastal Kenya. J Trop Med
Hyg 1991 Jun;94(3):166-8. 

Morvan JM, Digoutte JP, Marsan P, Roux JF. Ilesha virus: a
new aetiological agent of haemorrhagic fever in
Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994 Mar-Apr;
88(2):205. 

Nuttall PA, Jones LD, Labuda M, Kaufman WR. Adaptations
of arboviruses to ticks. J Med Entomol 1994 Jan;31(1):
1-9. 

Richards AL, Malone JD, Sheris S, Weddle JR, Rossi CA,
Ksiazek TG, LeDuc JW, Dasch GA, Hyams KC.
Arbovirus and rickettsial infections among combat troops
during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm [letter]. 
J Infect Dis 1993 Oct;168(4):1080-1. 

Robert V, Lhuillier M, Meunier D, Sarthou JL, Monteny N,
Digoutte JP, Cornet M, Germain M, Cordellier R.
[Yellow fever virus, dengue 2 and other arboviruses
isolated from mosquitos, in Burkina Faso, from 1983 to
1986. Entomological and epidemiological considerations].
Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(2):90-100.  (Fre). 

Sanford JP. Arbovirus infections. In: Wilson JD, et al.,
editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 12th
ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.; 1991. p. 725-39.

Shope RE. Arboviruses.  In: Balows A, Hauser WJ Jr,
Herrmann KL, Isenberg HD, Shadomy HJ, editors. 
Manual of clinical microbiology. 5th ed. Washington:
American Society for Microbiology; 1991.   

Shope RE. The discovery of arbovirus diseases. Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1994 Dec 15;740:138-45. 

Vasconcelos PFC, Travassos da Rosa APA, Degallier N,
Travassos da Rosa JFS, Pinheiro FP. Clinical and
ecoepidemiological situation of human arboviruses in
Brazilian Amazonia. Cienc Cult 1992;44(2-3):117-24. 

Vesenjak-Hirjan J, Punda-Polic V, Dobe M. Geographical
distribution of arboviruses in Yugoslavia. J Hyg
Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 1991;35(2):129-40. 


BUNYAVIRUS INFECTIONS                     

Beaty BJ, Calisher CH. Bunyaviridae--natural history. Curr
Top Microbiol Immunol 1991;169:27-78.

Berezina LK, Posevaya TA, Barinsky IF, Korolev AM,
Zakharov VY, Preobrazhenskaya MN. [Antiviral activity
of 1-methylascorbigen in experimental arboviral
infections]. Khim Farm Zh 1993;27(1):55-6. (Rus).

Draganescu N, Girjabu E, Iftimovici R. [Serological studies
in man and different species of domestic animals from the
forest-steppe region of Romania for the detection of
Togaviridae and Bunyaviridae]. Rev Roum Virol 1993
Jul-Dec;44(3-4):207-10.  (Fre).

Gonzalez-Scarano F, Endres MJ, Nathanson N.
Bunyaviridae: pathogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol
Immunol 1991;169:217-49.

Kolakofsky D, editor. Bunyaviridae. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
1991. 256 p.

Patterson JL. Mechanism of action of ribavirin on
Bunyavirus infected cells. Boston: Children's Hospital
Corp.; 1990. 44 p. Available from: NTIS, Springfield,
VA; ADA230013.

Sidwell RW, Huffman JH, Barnard DL, Smee DF, Warren
RP, Chirigos MA, Kende M, Huggins J. Antiviral and
immunomodulating inhibitors of experimentally-induced
Punta Toro virus infections. Antiviral Res 1994 Oct;
25(2):105-22.


HANTAVIRUS INFECTIONS

Acute infection by Four Corners hantavirus is associated with
viral RNA sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear
cells and plasma [abstract]. Blood 1993;82(10 Suppl 1):
189A. 35th Annual Meeting of the American Society of
Hematology; 1993 Dec 3-7; St. Louis.

Ahlm C, Herlitz H, Sall C, Eriksson C, Settergren B. [Is vole
fever (nephropathia epidemica) spreading in the south of
Sweden?]. Lakartidningen 1992 Sep 30;89(40):3275. 
(Swe).  

Ahlm C, Juto P, Settergren B. [Nephropathia epidemica--a
current disease in Norrland]. Lakartidningen 1990 
Oct 24;87(43):3521-2, 3527.  (Swe).  

Ahlm C, Linderholm M, Juto P, Stegmayr B, Settergren B.
Prevalence of serum IgG antibodies to Puumala virus
(haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome) in northern
Sweden. Epidemiol Infect 1994 Aug;113(1):129-36.  

Ahlm C, Settergren B, Gothefors L, Juto P. Nephropathia
epidemica (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome) in
children: clinical characteristics. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1994
Jan;13(1):45-9.  

Alexeyev OA. Respiratory burst of neutrophils enhances in
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Scand J
Infect Dis 1992;24(6):697-9.  

Alexeyev OA. Two cases of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E in
patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
[letter]. Scand J Infect Dis 1991;23(3):391.  

Alexeyev OA, Ahlm C, Billheden J, Settergren B, Wadell G,
Juto P. Elevated levels of total and Puumala virus specific
immunoglobulin E in the Scandinavian type of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Clin Diagn Lab
Immunol 1994;1(3):269-72.  

Alexeyev OA, Baranov BA. Puumala virus infection without
signs of renal involvement. Scand J Infect Dis 1993;
25(4):525-7.  

Alexeyev OA, Morozov VG. Neurological manifestations of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by
Puumala virus: review of 811 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1995
Feb;20(2):255-8.  

Alexeyev OA, Morozov VG, Efremov AG, Settergren B. A
case of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
complicated by spleen haemorrhage. Scand J Infect Dis
1994;26(4):491-2.  

Alexeyev OA, Settergren B, Billheden J, Ahlm C, Suzdaltsev
A, Tsaig M. Laboratory findings in patients with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in western Russia
[letter]. Infection 1993 Nov-Dec;21(6):412.  

Alexeyev OA, Suzdaltseva TV, Morozov VG, Zhestkov AV,
Mishukov AS. Spontaneous luminol-dependent
chemiluminescence of thrombocytes increases in
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Clin Immunol
Immunopathol 1995 Mar;4(3):289-92.  

Alfandari S, Beuscart C, Senneville E, Mouton Y.
[Hantavirus infection without renal involvement (letter)].
Rev Med Interne 1994;15(8):556-7.  (Fre).  

Alleroedder HP, Schwarze G, Schmits R, Pfreundschuh M.
Thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic fever and nephritic
syndrome: the hantaviruses as an often overlooked cause
[abstract]. Onkologie 1991;14 Suppl 2:4. Annual General
Meeting of the German and Austrian Society for
Hematology and Oncology; 1991 Oct 10-3; Innsbruck,
Austria

Antic D, Kang CY, Spik K, Schmaljohn C, Vapalahti O,
Vaheri A. Comparison of the deduced gene products of
the L, M and S genome segments of hantaviruses. Virus
Res 1992 Jun;24(1):35-46.  

Antic D, Lim BU, Kang CY. Molecular characterization of
the M genomic segment of the Seoul 80-39 virus;
nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons with
other hantaviruses reveal the evolutionary pathway. Virus
Res 1991 Mar;19(1):47-58.  

Antic D, Lim BU, Kang CY. Nucleotide sequence and
coding capacity of the large (L) genomic RNA segment of
Seoul 80-39 virus, a member of the hantavirus genus.
Virus Res 1991 Mar;19(1):59-65.  

Antoniadis A, Alexiou-Daniel S, Fidani L, Bautz EFK.
Comparison of the clinical and serologic diagnosis of
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and
leptospirosis. Eur J Epidemiol 1995;11(1):91-2. 

Antonov VS, Knysh GG. [Diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Klin Med (Mosk) 1990 Sep;68(9):
95-6.  (Rus).  

Arikawa J, Ito M, Yao JS, Kariwa H, Takashima I,
Hashimoto N. Epizootiological studies of hantavirus
infection among urban rats in Hokkaido, Japan: evidences
for the persistent infection from the sero- epizootiological
surveys and antigenic characterizations of hantavirus
isolates. J Vet Med Sci 1994 Feb;56(1):27-32.  

Arikawa J, Lapenotiere HF, Iacono-Connors L, Wang ML,
Schmaljohn CS. Coding properties of the S and the M
genome segments of Sapporo rat virus: comparison to
other causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. Virology 1990 May;176(1):114-25.  

Arikawa J, Yao JS, Yoshimatsu K, Takashima I, Hashimoto
N. Protective role of antigenic sites on the envelope
protein of Hantaan virus defined by monoclonal
antibodies. Arch Virol 1992;126(1-4):271-81.  

Arthur RR, Lofts RS, Gomez J, Glass GE, Leduc JW, Childs
JE. Grouping of hantaviruses by small (S) genome
segment polymerase chain reaction and amplification of
viral RNA from wild-caught rats.Am J Trop Med Hyg
1992 Aug;47(2):210-24. Published erratum appears in
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Mar;48(3):v.

Artsob H, Kennedy ME. [Recommendations for hantavirus
risk reduction.] Can Commun Dis Rep 1994 Aug 15;
20(15):126-8.  (Fre).  

Astakhova TI, Slonova RA, Tkachenko EA, Bondarenko
AN, Kosoi ME, Kushnarev EL. [The role of Hantaan
virus serotypes in the etiology of hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome in the Far East of the USSR]. Vopr
Virusol 1990 Nov-Dec;35(6):492-4.  (Rus).  

Avsic-Zupanc T, Likar M, Furlan P, Kaps R, Xiao SY, Rossi
CA, Leduc JW. Isolation of a hantavirus from a fatal
HFRS case in Slovenia [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1991;45(3 Suppl):154-5. 40th Annual Meeting of the
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene;
1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Avsic-Zupanc T, Poljak M, Furlan P, Kaps R, Xiao SY,
Leduc JW. Isolation of a strain of a Hantaan virus from a
fatal case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Slovenia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994 Oct;51(4):393-400.  

Avsic-Zupanc T, Xiao SY, Stojanovic R, Gligic A, van der
Groen G, LeDuc JW. Characterization of Dobrava virus:
a Hantavirus from Slovenia, Yugoslavia. J Med Virol
1992 Oct;38(2):132-7.  

Bai XF, Xu HF, Sun ZJ, Huang XH, Yang YC, Gao XZ, He
H, Li YZ, Yang WS, et al. [A clinical double-blind trial
of specific transfer factor on epidemic hemorrhagic
fever.]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1990;11(3):
179-182.  (Chi).  

Basin B, Piperaud R, Guilbaud JC, Moussinga N.
[Atrioventricular block in 2 patients with hemorrhagic
fever and renal syndrome (Hantaan-virus nephropathy)
(letter)]. Rev Med Interne 1992 May-Jun;13(3):244-5. 
(Fre).  

Bateman W, Clement J, Solano K, Vanherweghem JL, van
der Groen G. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
a Canadian serviceman. Can Med Assoc J 1990 Jul 1;
143(1):38-40.  

Becker C, Goubeaud G, Willems WR. [Hantaan virus
infection (letter)]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1991 
Apr 12;116(15):598.  (Ger).  

Beebe JL. Emerging infections: hantavirus disease outbreak.
Clin Microbiol Newsl 1994;16(10):73-6. 

Bennedbaek FN, Soe KL. [Nephropathia epidemica.
Hantavirus nephritis--a differential diagnosis in acute
abdomen]. Ugeskr Laeger 1994 Oct 24;156(43):6392-3. 
(Dan).  

Bennett M, Hart CA. Hantavirus infection [editorial]. 
J Med Microbiol 1994;41(2):71-3. 

Bennett M, Lloyd G, Jones N, Brown A, Trees AJ,
McCracken C, Smyth NR, Gaskell CJ, Gaskell RM.
Prevalence of antibody to hantavirus in some cat
populations in Britain. Vet Rec 1990 Dec 1;127(22):
548-9.  

Berkelman RL. Emerging infectious diseases in the United
States, 1993. J Infect Dis 1994 Aug;170(2):272-7.  

Bignall J. Hantaviruses: the rodents take revenge [news].
Lancet 1995 Jun 17;345(8964):1564.  

Billheden J, Settergren B, Stegmayr B, Juto P. Detection of
serum IgM antibodies to glomerular basement membrane
in two cases of nephropathia epidemica. J Intern Med
1992 Jul;232(1):91-3.  

Bogdanovic R, Gligic A, Nikolic V, Ognjanovic M,
Markovic M, Sarjanovic L. Belgrade and Hantaan
hantaviruses--the causative agents of severe haemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in children in Serbia. Pediatr
Nephrol 1994 Jun;8(3):299-303.  

Borcic B, Turkovic B, Aleraj B, Tvrtkovic N. [Hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in Croatia: incidence of
infection in human and wild animal reservoirs]. Lijec
Vjesn 1991 Sep-Oct;113(9-10):320-3.  (Scr).  

Bouly S, Hoen B, Ciureanu A, Canton P. [Atypical
pneumonia during hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome (letter)]. Presse Med 1993 Dec 4;22(38):
1929.  (Fre).  

Brackett LE, Rotenberg J, Sherman CB. Hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome in New England and Europe
[letter]. N Engl J Med 1994 Aug 25;331(8):545;
discussion 547-8. Comment on: N Engl J Med 1994 
Apr 7;330(14):1010.  
Bremner JA. Hantavirus infections and outbreaks in 1993.
Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev 1994 Jan 7;4(1):R5-9.  

Brillman JC, Sklar DP, Davis KD, Beamsely A. Hantavirus:
emergency department response to a disaster from an
emerging pathogen. Ann Emerg Med 1994 Sep;24(3):
429-36. Comment in: Ann Emerg Med 1994 Sep;24(3):
512-4.  

Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A. [Differential diagnosis
in nephropathia epidemica: nephrography or virus
serology? (letter)]. Duodecim 1991;107(5):379-81.  (Fin). 

Bruno P, Hassell LH, Brown J, Tanner W, Lau A. The
protean manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. A retrospective review of 26 cases from
Korea. Ann Intern Med 1990 Sep 1;113(5):385-91.   

Bruno P, Hassell LH, Quan J, Brown J. Hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome imported to Hawaii from West
Germany. Am J Med 1990 Aug;89(2):232-4.

Burek KA, Rossi CA, Leduc JW, Yuill TM. Serologic and
virologic evidence of a Prospect Hill-like hantavirus in
Wisconsin and Minnesota. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994
Sep;51(3):286-94.  

Burkhardt U, Eggers HJ. [Viral infections--clinical pictures
and laboratory diagnosis. Part 3: Hantaan virus and
Hantaan-related viruses, hepatitis A and B]. Fortschr Med
1993 Nov 30;111(33):528-9.  (Ger).  

Butler JC, Peters CJ. Hantaviruses and hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 1994 Sep;19(3):387-94; quiz
395.  

Bystrovskii VF. [Effect of glucocorticoid hormones on the
status of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal system
and endocrine function of the pancreas in patients with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Klin Med
(Mosk) 1990 Jul;68(7):86-9.  (Rus).  

Bystrovskii VF, Petrichko MI, Klebanov IuA. [The effect of
hemodialysis on the vasopressin level and on the
renin-aldosterone system in patients with hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1990
Jan-Feb;(1):7-10.  (Rus).  

Cao Z, Peng Q. [Application of hemodialysis in severe and
critical types of epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Hunan
Yike Daxue Xuebao 1994;19(5):426-8. (Chi).   

Chang WH, Kim IS, Choi MS, Kee SH, Han MJ, Seong SY,
Lee JH, Kang JS, Park KH, et al. [Seroepidemiological
survey of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Korea 1989-1991]. Taehan Misaengmul Hakhoe Chi
1993;28(1):43-54. (Kor).  

Chang WK, Chu YK, Cheung KS, Lee SH, Lee HW. [Study
of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Hong Kong
Part I survey of Hantaan virus infection among urban
rats]. Hsiang Kang Shih Chi Shu Hsueh Hui 1990;42(2):
74-6. (Chi).  

Chapman L, Mertz G, Khan AS, Hart DC, Peters CJ, Koster
F, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Wilson LJ, Baum KF, et al.
Open label intravenous ribavirin for hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome [abstract]. Program Abstr Intersci Conf
Antimicrob Agents and Chemother 1994;34:240. 34th
Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and
Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL. 

Chapman LE, Khabbaz RF. Etiology and epidemiology of the
Four Corners hantavirus outbreak. Infect Agents Dis
1994 Oct;3(5):234-44.

Chauveau P, Labadie H, Rollin PE, Laederich J, Fraisse F,
Kleinknecht D. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in the Paris region (letter)]. Presse Med 1991 Sep 21;
20(29):1395. Comment on: Presse Med 1991 Mar 2;
20(8):384.  (Fre).  

Chawla U, Bharadwaj M, Datta KK. An outbreak of an acute
episode of fever with hemoptysis in Andaman Nicobar
Islands Bay of Bengal Indian Ocean. J Commun Dis
1990;22(2):148-9. 

Che FX, Meng LY, Li JB, Hu QX, Chen ZS, Liu MX,
Zhang SL, Tong YY, Zhang CL, Lu JC, et al. Study on
airborne transmission and infection of HFRSV. J Aerosol
Sci 1993;Suppl 1:24.  

Chen HX, Qiu FX. Epidemiologic surveillance on the
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in China. Chin
Med J (Engl) 1993 Nov;106(11):857-63.  

Chen HX, Qiu FX. Studies on the environment structure of
natural nidi and epidemic areas of hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome in China. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994 Feb;
107(2):107-12.  

Chen L, et al. [Clinical study of endogenous creatinine
clearance rate in EHF]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1990;
11(3):253-5. (Chi).  

Chen LB, Yang WS. Abnormalities of T cell
immunoregulation in hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. J Infect Dis 1990 May;161(5):1016-9.  

Chen LB, Yang WS, Xu HF, Zhang WB, Zhu P, Shang GF.
[Abnormal cellular immunoregulation in patients with
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh
Hsueh Pao 1990;11(3):207-10.  (Chi).  

Chen Y, Yang D, Hao L, et al. [Analysis of the components
of circulating immune complex in epidemic hemorrhagic
fever]. Virol Sin 1995;10(2):111-14. (Chi).  

Childs JE, Glass GE, Ksiazek TG, Rossi CA, Oro JG, Leduc
JW. Human-rodent contact and infection with
lymphocytic choriomeningitis and Seoul viruses in an
inner-city population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Feb;
44(2):117-21.  

Childs JE, Kaufmann AF, Peters CJ, Ehrenberg RL.
Hantavirus infection--southwestern United States: interim
recommendations for risk reduction. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1993 Jul 30;42(RR-11):1-13.  

Childs JE, Krebs JW, Ksiazek TG, Maupin GO, Gage KL,
Rollin PE, Zeitz PS, Sarisky J, Enscore RE, Butler JC, et
al. A household-based, case-control study of
environmental factors associated with hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome in the southwestern United States.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 May;52(5):393-7.  

Childs JE, Ksiazek TG, Spiropoulou CF, Krebs JW,
Morzunov S, Maupin GO, Gage KL, Rollin PE, Sarisky
J, Enscore RE, et al. Serologic and genetic identification
of Peromyscus maniculatus as the primary rodent
reservoir for a new hantavirus in the southwestern United
States. J Infect Dis 1994 Jun;169(6):1271-80.  

Childs JE, Mills JN, Glass GE. Rodent-borne hemorrhagic
fever viruses: a special risk for mammalogists? J Mammal
1995;76(3):664-80. 

Childs JE, Rollin PE. Emergence of hantavirus disease in the
USA and Europe. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1994;7(2):220-4.  

Cho HJ, Paek LJ, Lee HW. Histopathologic changes of the
spleen in suckling rats inoculated with Hantaan virus. 
J Korean Med Sci 1992 Jun;7(2):116-21.  

Chu YK, Jennings GB, Schmaljohn CS. A vaccinia
virus-vectored Hantaan virus vaccine protects hamsters
from challenge with Hantaan and Seoul viruses but not
Puumala virus. J Virol 1995 Oct;69(10):6417-23. 

Chu YK, Baek LJ, Kang CY, Tkachenko EA, Dzagurova T,
Drozdov SG, Lee YJ, Lee HW. [Study on ecology and
etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome II. Comparison of hantavirus isolates from
world-wide geographical distribution by reverse
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-restriction
fragment length polymorphism]. Taehan Misaengmul
Hakhoe Chi 1994;29(1):97-108. (Kor).  

Chu YK, Rossi C, Leduc JW, Lee HW, Schmaljohn CS,
Dalrymple JM. Serological relationships among viruses in
the hantavirus genus, family Bunyaviridae. Virology 1994
Jan;198(1):196-204.  

Chumakov MP, Gavrilovskaya IN, Myasnikov YA.
Reservoirs and modes of spread of hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome, a zoonotic nontransmissible human
disease. Arch Virol Suppl 1991;(1):49-56. 

Chung SI, Kim KW, Moon ES, Kang ET, Yu SH, Choi CS,
Yang YT. [Monocyte mediated injury of human
endothelial cell infected with Hantaan virus]. Chung Ang
Ui Dai Chi 1992;17(4):349-58. (Kor).  

Cizman B. Hantavirus disease as a cause for hematuria and
acute tubular necrosis? [letter]. Am J Kidney Dis 1994
Oct;24(4):730-1. Comment on: Am J Kidney Dis 1993
Oct;22(4):607-10.  

Clement J, Colson P, Damoiseaux P, McKenna P, Coeck J,
Neyts J, Leirs H, Verhagen R. 1993 hantavirus (HV)
epidemic in the Ardennes [abstract]. Nephrol Dial
Transplant 1994;9(7):948. 31st Annual Congress of the
European Dialysis and Transplant Association-European
Renal Association; 1994 Jul 3-6; Vienna, Austria.

Clement J, Colson P, McKenna P. Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome in New England and Europe [letter]. N Engl J
Med 1994 Aug 25;331(8):545-6; discussion 547-8.
Comment on: N Engl J Med 1994 Apr 7;330(14):949-55.  

Clement J, Colson P, Thomas I, McKenna P, Neyts J, Coeck
J, Van Der Groen G, Leirs H, Verhagen R. [Hantavirus
infection in Belgium]. Ann Med Vet 1994;138(4):257-62.
(Fre).  

Clement J, De Bock R. Hematological complications of
hantavirus nephropathy HVN [abstract]. Kidney Int
1992;42(5):1285. 45th Scientific Meeting of the Dutch
Society of Nephrology; 1992 May 15; Gent, Belgium. 

Clement J, Leduc J, Tomiyama T, Lee HW. Screening of
European hantavirus nephropathy HVN with high density
particle agglutination HDPA [abstract]. Kidney Int
1992;41(5):1431-2. 43rd Scientific Meeting of the Dutch
Society of Nephrology; 1991 Oct 26; Utrecht,
Netherlands.

Clement J, McKenna P, Avsic-Zupanc T, Skinner CR.
Rat-transmitted hantavirus disease in Sarajevo [letter].
Lancet 1994 Jul 9;344(8915):131.  

Clement J, McKenna P, Colson P, Damoiseaux P, Penalba
C, Halin P, Lombart D. Hantavirus epidemic in Europe,
1993 [letter]. Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114.
Comment on: Lancet 1993 Jul 31;342(8866):313; Lancet
1993 Aug 21; 342(8869):495. Comment in: Lancet 1994
Apr 9; 343(8902):921; Lancet 1994 Apr 23;343(8904):
1038.

Clement J, McKenna P, Groen J, Osterhaus A, Colson P,
Vervoort T, van der Groen G, Lee HW. Epidemiology
and laboratory diagnosis of hantavirus (HTV) infections.
Acta Clin Belg 1995;50(1):9-19.  

Clement J, Underwood P, Ward D, Pilaski J, LeDuc J.
Hantavirus outbreak during military manoeuvres in
Germany [letter]. Lancet 1996 Feb 3;347(8997):336.

Clement J, Van der Groen G, Lefevre A, Mathijs D.
Tubulo-interstitial sequelae of hantavirus nephropathy
IIVN a follow-up study [abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol
1991;2(3):264. 24th Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Nephrology; 1991 Nov 17-20; Baltimore.

Clement J, Van der Groen G, Lefevre A, Verhagen R, Leirs
H, Groen J, Osterhaus A. Nephropathia epidemica NE in
Belgium The Netherlands and Germany of mice and men
[abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol 1991;2(3):645. 24th Annual
Meeting Of The American Society Of Nephrology; 1991
Nov 17-20; Baltimore.

Collan Y, Mihatsch MJ, Lahdevirta J, Jokinen EJ,
Romppanen T, Jantunen E. Nephropathia epidemica: mild
variant of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
Kidney Int Suppl 1991 Dec;35:S62-71.  

Conlon PJ Jr, Walshe JJ, Carmody M, Donohoe J, Keogh B,
Glass G, Watson AJ. Haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome [letter]. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1993;8(11):
1306-7.  

Cosgriff TM. Mechanisms of disease in hantavirus infection:
pathophysiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. Rev Infect Dis 1991 Jan-Feb;13(1):97-107.  

Cosgriff TM, Lee HW, See AF, Parrish DB, Moon JS, Kim
DJ, Lewis RM. Platelet dysfunction contributes to the
haemostatic defect in haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991 Sep-Oct;
85(5):660-3.  

Cosgriff TM, Lewis RM. Mechanisms of disease in
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Kidney Int Suppl
1991 Dec;35:S72-9.  

Dai W. [Structural protein of hemorrhagic fever renal
syndrome virus in uric fusion cells in hemorrhagic fever
renal syndrome]. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei)
1993 Mar;73(3):135-8, 189.  (Chi).  

Danes L, Pavlickova E, Kobzik J, Dzagurova TK, Dankova
A, Cech M, Tkachenko EA, Sebek Z, Svejda J.
Anti-hantavirus antibodies in human sera in
Czechoslovakia. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol
1992;36(1):55-61.  

Danes L, Pejcoch M, Bukovjan K, Veleba J, Halackova M.
[Antibodies against hantaviruses in game and domestic
oxen in the Czech Republic]. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol
Imunol 1992 Apr;41(1):15-8.  (Cze).  

Danes L, Pejcoch M, Hubalek Z, Halouzka J, Juricova Z,
Zima J, Tkachenko EA, Dzagurova TK, Ivanov AP,
Svandova E. Hantaviruses in small wild living mammals
in Czechoslovakia. Results of a 1983-1989 study. J Hyg
Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 1991;35(3):281-8.  

Davidovich IM. [The thrombocyte link in the hemostasis of
patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Ter Arkh 1990;62(6):68-71.  (Rus).  

Davidovich IM, Parshina TA. [Plasma markers of vascular
endothelium damage in patients with hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Gematol Transfuziol 1994 Sep-Oct;
39(5):41-2.  (Rus).  

Davidovich IM, Parshina TA, Utkin VN. [Von Willebrand
factor, antithrombin III and 5'-nucleotidase in the blood
and the athrombogenic properties of the vascular wall in
patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Ter Arkh 1993;65(11):22-5.  (Rus).  

de Courten MP, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Khan AS, Daily PJ,
Knowler WC. Seroprevalence study of hantavirus
antibodies in Pima Indians with renal disease [letter].
J Infect Dis 1995 Mar;171(3):762-3.  

Delacour JL, Noirot A, Kramarz P, Floriot C, Wagschal G,
Kassis N, Daoudal P, Salagnac J. [Acute kidney failure
and transient myopia. Association suggestive of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (letter)]. Presse
Med 1991 Apr 13;20(14):659.  (Fre).  

Dellisola B, Cacoub P, Gatfosse M, Rollin PE, Jacomet C,
Godeau P. [Severe form of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. An autochtonous case observed in Parisian
suburbs (letter)]. Presse Med 1991 Mar 2;20(8):384.
Comment in: Presse Med 1991 Sep 21;20(29):1395. 
(Fre).  

Denetclaw TH, Denetclaw WF Jr. Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome in New England and Europe [letter]. N Engl J
Med 1994 Aug 25;331(8):546-8. Comment on: N Engl J
Med 1994 Apr 7;330(14):949-55.  

Denetclaw WF Jr, Denetclaw TH. Is south-west US mystery
disease caused by hantavirus? [letter]. Lancet 1994 Jan 1;
343(8888):53-4.  

Deng B, Wu Z, Guan M, et al. [Detection of
6-keto-PGF-1alpha in the patients with early EHF and its
clinical significance]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1995;16(2):
132-4. (Chi).  

Development of a recombinant immunoblot assay for the
rapid diagnosis of Four Corners hantavirus (FCV)
infection [abstract]. Clin Res 1994;42(1):5A.  Joint
Meeting of the Western Society for Clinical Investigation,
Western Section of the American Federation for Clinical
Research, Western Society for Pediatric Research,
Western Region of the Society for Investigative
Dermatology and the Western Student Medical Research
Committee; 1994 Feb 9-12; Carmel, CA.

Diglisic G, Gligic A, Stojanovic R, Obradovic M,
Velimirovic D, Lukac V, Xiao SY, Rossi CA, Leduc JW.
Outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Yugoslavia associated with domestic rats and mice
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):153.
40th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Diglisic G, Xiao SY, Gligic A, Obradovic M, Stojanovic R,
Velimirovic D, Lukac V, Rossi CA, LeDuc JW. Isolation
of a Puumala-like virus from Mus musculus captured in
Yugoslavia and its association with severe hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome. J Infect Dis 1994 Jan;169(1):
204-7.  

Dimkovic N, Jovanovic D, Gligic A, Radmilovic A. Severe
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by new
(Belgrade) hantavirus [abstract]. Nephrol Dial Transplant
1993;8(9):934. 30th Annual Congress of the European
Dialysis and Transplant Association and the European
Renal Association; 1993 Sep 15-18; Glasgow.

Ding X, Zhao W, Yang P, Yang Z, Gao Y. [Detection of
HFRS virus by R-22 CDNA probe and its use in clinical
diagnosis]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1992;3(2):130-2. (Chi). 

Dixon K, Kim DH, Nang R, Huh J, Park J, Hwang Y.
Comparison of the new case-crossover design with the
standard unmatched case-control design in a study of risk
factors for Korean hemorrhagic fever in soldiers of the
Republic of Korea [abstract]. Am J Epidemiol
1991;134(7):757-8. 24th Annual Meeting of the Society
for Epidemiologic Research; 1991 Jun 11-4; Buffalo, NY.

Dixon KE, Nang RN, Kim DH, Huh J, Park J, Hwang Y. A
case-control study of risk factors for Korean hemorrhagic
fever among soldiers in the Republic of Korea [abstract].
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):255.  40th Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine
and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Dixon KE, Nang RN, Kim DH, Hwang YJ, Park JW, Huh
JW, Cho YK. A hospital-based, case-control study of risk
factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
soldiers of the armed forces of the Republic of Korea.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996 Mar;54(3):284-8. 

Dohmae K, Koshimizu U, Nishimune Y. In utero and
mammary transfer of hantavirus antibody from dams to
infant rats. Lab Anim Sci 1993 Dec;43(6):557-61.  

Dixon KE, Nang RN, Kim DH, Hwang YJ, Park JW, Huh
JW, Cho YK. A hospital-based, case-control study of risk
factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
soldiers of the armed forces of the Republic of Korea.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996 Mar;54(3):284-8. 

Dohmae K, Okabe M, Nishimune Y. Experimental
transmission of hantavirus infection in laboratory rats.
J Infect Dis 1994 Dec;170(6):1589-92.  

Dong B. [Experimental studies on the transmission of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus by
gamasidea mites and fleas]. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih
(Taipei) 1991 Sep;71(9):502-4, 36.  (Chi).  

Dong C, et al. [Studies on anion gap of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever IV. The significance of simultaneous
changes in anion gap urine volume and serum
concentration of sodium ion on the estimations of EHF
prognosis]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;12(1):5-8. (Chi).  

Dong C, Wang X, et al. [Studies on anion gap of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever II. The mechanism and clinical value
of rise of anion gap in EHF]. Acta Acad Med Hubei
1990;11(4):289-93. (Chi).  

Dong CR, Wang XJ, Xiang JM, Cosgriff TM. Kinetic
changes of coagulation-anticoagulation and fibrinolytic
system of patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever
[abstract]. FASEB J 1991;5(6):A1628. 75th Annual
Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology; 1991 Apr 21-25; Atlanta, GA.

dos Santos VM. [Leptospirosis and pulmonary hantavirus
syndrome (letter)]. Rev Assoc Med Bras 1994 Jul-Sep;
40(3):225.  (Por).  

Duchin JS, Koster FT, Peters CJ, Simpson GL, Tempest B,
Zaki SR, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Nichol S, Umland ET,
et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: a clinical
description of 17 patients with a newly recognized
disease. The Hantavirus Study Group. N Engl J Med
1994 Apr 7;330(14):949-55. Comment in: N Engl J Med
1994 Apr 7;330(14):1004-5; N Engl J Med 1994 Aug 25;
331(8):545-6; discussion 547-8; N Engl J Med 1994 
Aug 25;331(8):546-8.  

Dull SM, Brillman JC, Simpson SQ, Sklar DP. Hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome: recognition and emergency
department management. Ann Emerg Med 1994 Sep;
24(3):530-6. Comment in: Ann Emerg Med 1994 Sep;
24(3):512-4. Published erratum appears in Ann Emerg
Med 1994 Dec;24(6):1179. 

Durand JP. [Hantavirus: a new pandemic?]. Med Trop
(Mars) 1994;54(3):211-3.  (Fre).  

Elanskaia LN. [Clinico-immunologic criteria of residual
phenomena in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Sov Med 1990;(1):77-80.  (Rus).  

Elgh F, Wadell G, Juto P. Comparison of the kinetics of
Puumala virus specific IgM and IgG antibody responses
in nephropathia epidemica as measured by a recombinant
antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and
an immunofluorescence test. J Med Virol 1995 Feb;45(2):
146-50.  

Elisaf M, Korakis H, Siamopoulos KC. Chronic renal
dysfunction in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
patients. Ren Fail 1993;15(5):623-7.  

Elisaf M, Siamopoulos KC. Pulmonary involvement in
patients with HFRS [letter]. Chest 1995 Feb;107(2):
588-9.  

Elisaf M, Stefanaki S, Repanti M, Korakis H, Tsianos E,
Siamopoulos KC. Liver involvement in hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome. J Clin Gastroenterol 1993 Jul;17(1):
33-7.  

Elliott LH, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Spiropoulou CF,
Morzunov S, Monroe M, Goldsmith CS, Humphrey CD,
Zaki SR, Krebs JW, et al. Isolation of the causative agent
of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1994 Jul;51(1):102-8.  

Emerging infectious diseases. Outbreak of acute illness.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1993 Jun 18;68(25):186-8.  

Emerging infectious diseases. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1993 
Dec 3;68(49):364-7.  

Esbjorner E, Ahlm C. Clinical quiz. Nephropathia
epidemica. Specific IgM antibodies against Puumalavirus
can be found in serum. Pediatr Nephrol 1994 Apr;8(2):
257-8.  

Esselink RA, Gerding MN, Brouwers PJ, Solleveld H, 
Jordans JG, Groen J, Osterhaus AD. Guillain-Barre
syndrome associated with hantavirus infection [letter].
Lancet 1994 Jan 15;343(8890):180-1.  

Estepa A, Basurco B, Sanz F, Coll JM. Stimulation of
adherent cells by addition of purified proteins of viral
hemorrhagic septicemia virus to trout kidney cell cultures.
Viral Immunol 1991 Spring;4(1):43-52.  

Fan W, Zhang C, Liu Z, et al. [Dynamics and clinical
significance of neutralizing antibody in patients with
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Xian Yike Daxue Xuebao
1994;15(1):30-3. (Chi).  

Farr RW. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [clinical
conference]. W V Med J 1994 Oct;90(10):422-5.  

Fedorchenko IuL. [Serum level of various biologically active
substances and their connection with vessel permeability
in hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome]. Vopr Med
Khim 1991 Sep-Oct;37(5):70-2.  (Rus).  

Fedorchenko IuL, Davidovich IM. [General, free and
thrombocytic serotonin in the blood plasma of patients
with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Klin Med
(Mosk) 1990 Jun;68(6):62-4.  (Rus).  

Fedorchenko IuL, Sirotin BZ. [The blood vessel damaging
effect of serum and the permeability of vessels in patients
with hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome]. Patol Fiziol
Eksp Ter 1993 Jul-Dec;(4):41-3.  (Rus).  

Fedorchenko IuL, Sirotin BZ, Rozhkovskaia EN. [Vascular
permeability, microcirculation and biologically active
substances in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Ter Arkh 1990;62(6):71-4.  (Rus).  

Feldmann H, Sanchez A, Morzunov S, Spiropoulou CF,
Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, Nichol ST. Utilization
of autopsy RNA for the synthesis of the nucleocapsid
antigen of a newly recognized virus associated with
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Virus Res 1993 Dec;
30(3):351-67.  

Ferluga D, Hvala A, Vizjak A, Trnacevic S, Halilbasic A.
Hantaan nephropathy (HN) and Balkan endemic
nephropathy (BEN) tubulo-interstitial or vascular renal
diseases? [abstract]. Pathol Res Pract 1991;187(6):686.
13th European Congress of Pathology; 1991 Sep 1-6;
Ljubljana, Yugoslavia.

Figurnov VA, Krizhanovskii VI, Marunich NA,
Poberezhskaia LI, Isaev VP. [3 cases of appendectomy in
acute appendicitis in children with hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome]. Pediatriia 1990;(2):94-5.  (Rus).  

Filipe AR, Andrade HR, Sommer AI, Traavik T. Hantaviral
antigens and antibodies in wild rodents in Portugal. Acta
Virol 1991 May;35(3):287-91.  

Fisher-Hoch SP, Ruo S, Li YL, Tang YW, Xu ZY, Liu ZL,
Tong Z, Ma QR, McCormick JB. Epidemiology of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in an area of
rural People's Republic of China (PRC) with mixed
Apodemus and Rattus derived infections [abstract].
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):254. 40th Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine
and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Foged N, Spencer ES, Andersen HK. [Nephropathia
epidemica. Hantavirus and acute renal insufficiency].
Ugeskr Laeger 1990 Jan 8;152(2):89-92.  (Dan).  

Forslund T, Liisanantti R, Saijonmaa O, Fyhrquist F. Raised
plasma endothelin-1 concentration in patients with
nephropathia epidemica. Clin Nephrol 1993 Aug;40(2):
69-73.  

Forslund T, Saltevo J, Anttinen J, Auvinen S,
Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Korhonen A, Poutiainen M.
Complications of nephropathia epidemica: three cases. 
J Intern Med 1992 Jul;232(1):87-90.  

Foucar K, Nolte KB, Feddersen RM, Hjelle B, Jenison S,
McLaughlin J, Madar DA, Young SA, Zaki SR, Hughes
L, et al. Outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in
the southwestern United States. Response of pathologists
and other laboratorians. Am J Clin Pathol 1994 Apr;
101(4 Suppl 1):S1-5.  

Fox JG. With man's worst friend (the rat).  In: Schlossberg
D, editor. Infections of leisure. New York:
Springer-Verlag; 1994. p. 204-28.  

Frese M, Kochs G, Feldmann H, Hertkorn C, Haller O.
Inhibition of bunyaviruses, phleboviruses, and
hantaviruses by human MxA protein. J Virol 1996 Feb;
70(2):915-23. 

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, United States 1993.
JAMA 1994 Feb 16;271(7):498.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Infectious diseases update: outbreak, hantavirus
infection--southwestern United States, 1993. JAMA 1993
Jul 7;270(1):25.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Progress in the development of hantavirus diagnostic
assays--United States. JAMA 1993 Oct 27;270(16):
1920-1.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: hantavirus disease--southwestern United States,
1993. JAMA 1993 Aug 25;270(8):934.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: hantavirus disease--United States, 1993. JAMA
1993 Sep 8;270(10):1176-7.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: hantavirus infection--United States, 1993. JAMA
1993 Jul 28;270(4):429, 432.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--United States,
1993. JAMA 1993 Nov 17;270(19):2287-8.  

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: outbreak of hantavirus infection-- southwestern
United States, 1993. JAMA 1993 Jul 21;270(3):306.  

Gavrilovskaya I, Apekina N, Okulova N, Demina V,
Bernshtein A, Myasnikov Y. IgG avidity assay for
estimation of the time after onset of hantavirus infection in
colonized and wild bank voles. Arch Virol 1993;132(3-4):
359-67.  

Gerding MN, Jordans JG, Groen J, Osterhaus AD.
Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome [letter]. Lancet
1993 Aug 21;342(8869):495. Comment on: Lancet 1993
Jul 31;342(8866):313. Comment in: Lancet 1994 Jan 8;
343(8889):114; Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114-5.  

Giebel LB, Raab K, Zoller L, Bautz EK, Darai G.
Identification and characterization of a hantavirus strain of
unknown origin by nucleotide sequence analysis of the
cDNA derived from the viral S RNA segment. Virus
Genes 1991 Apr;5(2):111-20.  

Giebel LB, Zoller L, Bautz EK, Darai G. Rapid detection of
genomic variations in different strains of hantaviruses by
polymerase chain reaction techniques and nucleotide
sequence analysis. Virus Res 1990 Jun;16(2):127-36.  

Gill PM. Korean hemorrhagic fever: nursing care critical to
recovery. Mil Med 1991 Mar;156(3):131-4.  

Gilson GJ, Maciulla JA, Nevils BG, Izquierdo LE, Chatterjee
MS, Curet LB. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
complicating pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994 Aug;
171(2):550-4.  

Glass GE, Watson AJ, LeDuc JW, Childs JE. Domestic
cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the
United States. Nephron 1994;68(1):48-51.  

Glass GE, Watson AJ, LeDuc JW, Kelen GD, Quinn TC,
Childs JE. Infection with a ratborne hantavirus in US
residents is consistently associated with hypertensive
renal disease. J Infect Dis 1993 Mar;167(3):614-20.  

Gligic A, Dimkovic N, Xiao SY, Buckle GJ, Jovanovic D,
Velimirovic D, Stojanovic R, Obradovic M, Diglisic G,
Micic J, et al. Belgrade virus: a new hantavirus causing
severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Yugoslavia. J Infect Dis 1992 Jul;166(1):113-20.  

Gligic A, Stojanovic R, Obradovic M, Hlaca D, Dimkovic N,
Diglisic G, Lukac V, Ler Z, Bogdanovic R, Antonijevic
B, et al. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Yugoslavia: epidemiologic and epizootiologic features of
a nationwide outbreak in 1989. Eur J Epidemiol 1992
Nov;8(6):816-25.  

Goldsmith CS, Elliott LM, Humphrey CD, Zaki SR.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: an ultrastructural study
[abstract]. Mod Pathol 1995;8(1):126A. Annual Meeting
of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology;
1995 Mar 11-17; Toronto. 

Gong Z, et al. [Alterations and significance of red blood cells
in different renal functions of epidemic hemorrhagic
fever]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;12(2):149-51. (Chi).  

Gong Z, et al. [Determination of plasma fibronectin and its
significance in epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Acta Acad
Med Hubei 1990;11(2):129-31. (Chi).  

Goodman RA, Zaki S, Khan A, Kehrberg M, Khabbaz R.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in 1978 [abstract]. 
Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents
Chemother 1994;34:271. 34th Interscience Conference on
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7;
Orlando, FL.

Gott P, Stohwasser R, Schnitzler P, Darai G, Bautz EK.
RNA binding of recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of
hantaviruses. Virology 1993 May;194(1):332-7.  

Gott P, Zoller L, Yang S, Stohwasser R, Bautz EK, Darai G.
Antigenicity of hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins
expressed in E. coli. Virus Res 1991 Mar;19(1):1-15.  

Grankvist O, Juto P, Settergren B, Ahlm C, Bjermer L,
Linderholm M, Tarnvik A, Wadell G. Detection of
nephropathia epidemica virus RNA in patient samples
using a nested primer-based polymerase chain reaction. 
J Infect Dis 1992 May;165(5):934-7.  

Grcevska L, Polenakovic M, Oncevski A, Zografski D,
Gligic A. Different pathohistological presentations of
acute renal involvement in Hantaan virus infection: report
of two cases. Clin Nephrol 1990 Nov;34(5):197-201.  

Gresikova M, Kozuch O, Barakova A, Sekeyova M,
Tkachenko EA. Serological evidence of Hantaan virus in
Slovakia during 1989-1991. Acta Virol 1994 Oct;38(5):
295-6.  

Gresikova M, Tkachenko EA, Sekeyova M. Detection of
antibodies to the western and the eastern type of
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in patient's sera
from Slovakia. Acta Virol 1990 Aug;34(4):372-5.  

Groen J, Dalrymple J, Fisher-Hoch S, Jordans JG, Clement
JP, Osterhaus AD. Serum antibodies to structural proteins
of hantavirus arise at different times after infection. J Med
Virol 1992 Aug;37(4):283-7.  

Groen J, Gerding M, Jordans JG, Clement JP, Osterhaus
AD. Class and subclass distribution of hantavirus-specific
serum antibodies at different times after the onset of
nephropathia epidemica. J Med Virol 1994 May;43(1):
39-43.  

Groen J, Gerding M, Koeman JP, Roholl PJ, van Amerongen
G, Jordans HG, Niesters HG, Osterhaus AD. A macaque
model for hantavirus infection. J Infect Dis 1995 Jul;
172(1):38-44. 

Groen J, Gerding MN, Jordans JG, Clement JP,
Nieuwenhuijs JH, Osterhaus AD. Hantavirus infections in
The Netherlands: epidemiology and disease. Epidemiol
Infect 1995 Apr;114(2):373-83.  

Groen J, Jordans HG, Clement JP, Rooijakkers EJ,
UytdeHaag FG, Dalrymple J, Van der Groen G,
Osterhaus AD. Identification of hantavirus serotypes by
testing of post-infection sera in immunofluorescence and
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. J Med Virol 1991
Jan;33(1):26-32.  

Groen J, Osterhaus AD, Avsic-Zupanc T, van der Groen G,
Clement JP, Lefevre A, Jordans JG. Different hantavirus
serotypes in western Europe [letter]. Lancet 1991 Mar 9;
337(8741):621-2.  

Gu XS, Song ZB, Jin ZW, Meng GR, Zhang CA, Yan DY,
Gu T, Yang SQ, He JR, Luo FJ, et al. Isolation of a
strain of Hantaan virus from peritoneal exudate cells of a
patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Chin
Med J (Engl) 1990 Jun;103(6):455-9.  

Gu XS, You ZQ, Meng GR, Luo FJ, Yang SH, Yang SQ,
Ma WH, He JR, Song ZB, Su QA, et al. Hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome. Separation of human
peripheral blood T and B cells and detection of viral
antigen. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990 Jan;103(1):25-8.  

Guangsang G, Hong X, Li C. Observation of pathological
and viral antigen of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus
infection in suckling mice. Virol Sin 1994;9(1):83. (Chi).

Guasticchi G. [Hantaan virus infection]. Ann Ig 1990
Nov-Dec;2(6):445-8.  (Ita).  

Guerra LG, Ho H, Verghese A. New pathogens inpneumonia. 
Med Clin North Am 1994;78(5):967-85. 

Guo G, Xiao H, Chen L, et al. [Observation of pathological
and viral antigen of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus
infection in suckling mice]. Virol Sin 1994;9(1):81-3.
(Chi).  

Guo WF, Zhou ZY. [Clinical and experimental study of qing
wen oral liquid in the treatment of viral infectious fever].
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih 1992 Nov;
12(11):656-9, 643.  (Chi).  

Guo XX. [A case of epidemic hemorrhagic fever with
microfilariae in the bone marrow]. Chung Kuo Chi Sheng
Chung Hsueh Yu Chi Sheng Chung Ping Tsa Chih 1992;
10(3):217-18.  (Chi).  

Guo Y, et al. Re-evaluation of clinical significance of serum
GOT CPK levels for patients with EHF. Acta Acad Med
Hubei 1991;12(1):12-4. (Chi).  

Ha IS, Choi Y, Park YS, Cheong HI, Koo JAW, Kim IKS,
Kim EC, Kim S, Lee JS. Development of monoclonal
antibodies against Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1995;2(4):439-42. 

Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Wkly Epidemiol
Rec 1993 Jun 25;68(26):189-91.  

Hamdan M, Bindi P, Cerabona V. [Hemorrhagic fever with
renal manifestations a rare cause of appendicular
syndrome]. Sem Hop 1992;68(8):207-8. (Fre).  

Hantavirus disease. Lancet 1990 Aug 18;336(8712):407-8.  

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--Northeastern United States,
1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 Aug 5;
43(30):548-9, 555-6. Published erratum appears in
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 Sep 2;43(34):638.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--United States, 1993 .
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 Jan 28;43(3):
45-8. Published erratum appears in MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 1994 Feb 25;43(7):127.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--United States, 1995 and
1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1996 Apr 12;
45(14):291-5. 

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome-Virginia, 1993. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994;43(47):876-7. 

Hantavirus-associated illness identified in North Dakota
[news]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1993 Nov;14(11):
673.  

Hart CA, Bennett M. Hantavirus: an increasing problem?
Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1994 Aug;88(4):347-58.  

Hasty SE, Dalrymple JM, Malinoski FJ, Schmaljohn AL,
Schmaljohn CS. Preclinical testing of a recombinant
vaccinia virus vaccine candidate for hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1991;45(3 Suppl):216-7. 40th Annual Meeting of the
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene;
1991 Dec 1-5; Boston. 

He J. [A dynamic change of serotypes of HFRS patients in
mixed epidemic area]. Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh
Tsa Chih 1991 Jun;12(3):140-3.  (Chi).  

Hedman K, Vaheri A, Brummer-Korvenkontio M. Rapid
diagnosis of hantavirus disease with an IgG-avidity assay.
Lancet 1991 Nov 30;338(8779):1353-6.  

Hindrichsen S, Medeiros de Andrade A, Clement J, Leirs H,
McKenna P, Matthys P, Neild GH. Hantavirus infection
in Brazilian patients from Recife with suspected
leptospirosis [letter]. Lancet 1993 Jan 2;341(8836):50.  

Hjelle B, Anderson B, Torrez-Martinez N, Song W, Gannon
WL, Yates TL. Prevalence and geographic genetic
variation of hantaviruses of New World harvest mice
(Reithrodontomys): identification of a divergent genotype
from a Costa Rican Reithrodontomys mexicanus.
Virology 1995 Mar 10;207(2):452-9.  

Hjelle B, Chavez-Giles F, Torrez-Martinez N, Yamada T,
Sarisky J, Ascher M, Jenison S. Dominant glycoprotein
epitope of Four Corners hantavirus is conserved across a
wide geographical area. J Gen Virol 1994 Nov;
75(Pt 11):2881-8.  

Hjelle B, Chavez-Giles F, Torrez-Martinez N, Yates T,
Sarisky J, Webb J, Ascher M. Genetic identification of a
novel hantavirus of the harvest mouse Reithrodontomys
megalotis. J Virol 1994 Oct;68(10):6751-4.  

Hjelle B, Jenison S, Torrez-Martinez N, Yamada T, Nolte K,
Zumwalt R, MacInnes K, Myers G. A novel hantavirus
associated with an outbreak of fatal respiratory disease in
the southwestern United States: evolutionary relationships
to known hantaviruses. J Virol 1994 Feb;68(2):592-6.  

Hjelle B, Krolikowski J, Torrez-Martinez N, Chavez-Giles F,
Vanner C, Laposata E. Phylogenetically distinct
hantavirus implicated in a case of hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome in the northeastern United States. J Med Virol
1995;46(1):21-7. 

Hjelle B, Spiropoulou CF, Torrez-Martinez N, Morzunov S,
Peters CJ, Nichol ST. Detection of Muerto Canyon virus
RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients
with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. J Infect Dis 1994
Oct;170(4):1013-7.  

Hjelle B, Torrez-Martinez N, Koster FT. Hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome-related virus from Bolivia [letter].
Lancet 1996 Jan 6;347(8993):57. 

Hjelle B, Torrez-Martinez N, Koster FT, Jay M, Ascher MS,
Brown T, Reynolds P, Ettestad P, Voorhees RE, Sarisky
J, Enscore RE, Sands L, Mosley DG, Kioski C, Bryan
RT, Sewell CM. Epidemiologic linkage of rodent and
human hantavirus genomic sequences in case
investigations of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. J Infect
Dis 1996 Apr;173(4):781-6. 

Hjelle B, Yates T, Jenison S, Parmenter R, Foxx T, Biggs J,
Bennett K, Webb J, Sarisky J, Ascher M, et al. Molecular
variation in New World hantaviruses [abstract]. Program
Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;
34:284. 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial
Agents and Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL.

Holthofer H, Mustonen J. Expression of cytokines and
adhesion molecules, and cellular infiltration in
nephropathia epidemica (NE) [abstract]. J Am Soc
Nephrol 1994;5(3):781. 27th Annual Meeting of the
American Society of Nephrology; 1994 Oct 26-9;
Orlando, FL.

Horgan J. The no-name virus. Questions linger after the Four
Corners outbreak [news]. Sci Am 1994 Dec;271(6):34-6.  

Horgan J. Were Four Corners victims biowar casualties?
[news]. Sci Am 1993 Nov;269(5):16.  

Horling J, Lundkvist A, Huggins JW, Niklasson B.
Antibodies to Puumala virus in humans determined by
neutralization test. J Virol Methods 1992 Sep;39(1-2):
139-47.  

Horling J, Lundkvist A, Persson K, Mullaart M, Dzagurova
T, Dekonenko A, Tkachenko E, Niklasson B. Detection
and subsequent sequencing of Puumala virus from human
specimens by PCR. J Clin Microbiol 1995 Feb;33(2):
277-82.  

Hornsleth A. [Hantaan virus infections]. Ugeskr Laeger 1990
Oct 1;152(40):2902-3.  (Dan).  

Hou JC, Jiang ZY, He ZF. [Inhibitory effect of selenium on
complement activation and its clinical significance].
Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993 Nov;73(11):645-6,
699.  (Chi).  

Huang C. [High level of tumor necrosis factor alpha activity
of plasma and serum from acute phase hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih
(Taipei) 1992 Mar;72(3):151-4, 190.  (Chi).  

Huang C, Jin B, Wang M, Li E, Sun C. Hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome: relationship between pathogenesis
and cellular immunity. J Infect Dis 1994 Apr;169(4):
868-70.  

Huang YX, Dong J, Lu QY. [A study on gastric mucosa
damage, antigen location, and virus dissociation in
patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua
Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1993 Nov;32(11):726-8.  (Chi).  

Huggins JW, Hsiang CM, Cosgriff TM, Guang MY, Smith
JI, Wu ZO, LeDuc JW, Zheng ZM, Meegan JM, Wang
QN, et al. Prospective, double-blind, concurrent,
placebo-controlled clinical trial of intravenous ribavirin
therapy of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 
J Infect Dis 1991 Dec;164(6):1119-27.  

Hughes JM, Peters CJ, Cohen ML, Mahy BW. Hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome: an emerging infectious disease.
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):850-1. Comment in:
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):832-6.  

Hukic M, Kurt A, Torstensson S, Lundkvist A, Wiger D,
Niklasson B. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
north-east Bosnia [letter]. Lancet 1996 Jan 6;347(8993):
56-7. 

Hung T, Zhou JY, Tang YM, Zhao TX, Baek LJ, Lee HW.
Identification of Hantaan virus-related structures in
kidneys of cadavers with haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. Arch Virol 1992;122(1-2):187-99.  

Isegawa Y, Fujiwara Y, Ohshima A, Fukunaga R, Murakami
H, Yamanishi K, Sokawa Y. Nucleotide sequence of the
M genome segment of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome virus strain B-1. Nucleic Acids Res 1990 
Aug 25;18(16):4936.  

Isegawa Y, Ohshima A, Sokawa Y, Yamanishi K.
Strand-specific detection of Hantaan virus RNA
sequences by in vitro DNA amplification. Microbiol
Immunol 1994;38(11):905-8.  

Isegawa Y, Sheng J, Sokawa Y, Yamanishi K, Nakagomi O,
Ueda S. Selective amplification of cDNA sequence from
total RNA by cassette-ligation mediated polymerase chain
reaction (PCR): application to sequencing 6.5 kb genome
segment of hantavirus strain B-1. Mol Cell Probes 1992
Dec;6(6):467-75.  

Isegawa Y, Tanishita O, Ueda S, Yamanishi K. Association
of serine in position 1124 of Hantaan virus glycoprotein
with virulence in mice. J Gen Virol 1994;75 (Pt 11):
P3273-8. 

Ivanov KS, Koshil OI, Petrushko IuM, Kapustin VM. [The
use of reaferon in the combined therapy of patients with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Voen Med Zh
1992 Dec;(12):46-7.  (Rus).  

Ivanov KS, Roshchupkin VI, Koshil OI, Morozov VG, Utkin
VN. [Reaferon in the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with
the renal syndrome]. Antibiot Khimioter 1994 Jan;39(1):
42-6.  (Rus).  

Ivanov LI, Tkachenko EA, Zdanovskaia NI, Dzagurova TK,
Kovalskii AG, Reznik VI. [Clinico- immunological
characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in Khabarovsk territory]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Jan-Feb;
35(1):74-6.  (Rus).  

Iversson LB, da Rosa AP, Rosa MD, Lomar AV, Sasaki M
da G, LeDuc JW. [Human infection by hantavirus in
southern and southeastern Brazil]. Rev Assoc Med Bras
1994 Apr-Jun;40(2):85-92.  (Por).  

Jenison S, Hjelle B, Koster F, Foucar K. Clinical and
laboratory diagnosis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
[abstract]. Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob
Agents Chemother 1994;34:284. 34th Interscience
Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy;
1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL.

Jenison S, Yamada T, Morris C, Anderson B,
Torrez-Martinez N, Keller N, Hjelle B. Characterization
of human antibody responses to Four Corners hantavirus
infections among patients with hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome. J Virol 1994 May;68(5):3000-6.  

Jia F. [Studies on the effects of rhTNF-alpha anti-replication
against EHFV and HAV in vitro]. Chung Kuo I Hsueh
Ko Hsueh Yuan Hsueh Pao 1992 Apr;14(2):143-6.  (Chi). 

Johnson KM. Ribavirin treatment of arenavirus, hantavirus,
pneumo-virus and paramyxovirus disease topical and
systemic therapy. In: Mills J, Corey L, editors. Antiviral
chemotherapy. Proceedings of the 3rd Triennial
Conference on Antiviral Chemotherapy; 1991 Nov; San
Francisco. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice-Hall; 1993. 
p. 229-49.

Johnson T. Rodent-borne virus is a killer, but control lags.
Pest Control 1993;61(8):24-7.  

Jordans JG, Groen J, Clement J, Lefevre A, Haraldsdottir V,
Osterhaus AD. [Hantaan virus infection in Twente]. Ned
Tijdschr Geneeskd 1991 May 4;135(18):796-8.  (Dut).  

Jordans JG, Groen J, Clement J, Lefevre A, Osterhaus AD.
[Hantaan virus infection, a seldom recognized cause of
acute kidney insufficiency]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1991
May 4;135(18):791-3.  (Dut).  

Kallio-Kokko H, Vapalahti O, Hedman K, Brummer-
Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A. Puumala virus antibody and
immunoglobulin G avidity assays based on a recombinant
nucleocapsid antigen. J Clin Microbiol 1993 Mar;31(3):
677-80.  

Kamrud KI, Schmaljohn CS. Expression strategy of the M
genome segment of Hantaan virus. Virus Res 1994 Jan;
31(1):109-21.  

Kang ET, Kwak KC, Oh DJ, Lee JS, Chung SI, Choi CS, Yu
SH. Transendothelial migraton of mononuclear cells in
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
[abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol 1993;4(3):738. 26th Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology; 1993
Nov 14-17; Boston. 

Kang SK, Ha CY, Cho KH, Park SK, Kim UH. Changes of
lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme activity in renal
diseases. Nephron 1991;57(1):55-9.  

Kang Y, Wang WY, Zhao WQ. [Kinetic observation on BRC
immune function of patients with epidemic hemorrhagic
fever]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1991 Jun;30(6):
357-9, 383.  (Chi).  

Kapetanovic B, Ridanovic Z, Petrovic O, Arslanagic A.
[ECG in patients with hemorrhagic fever]. Med Arh
1992;46(3-4):63-5.  (Scr).  

Kariwa H, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Hashimoto N.
Development and application of protein G antibody assay
for the detection of antibody to hantavirus. J Virol
Methods 1992 Jun;37(3):345-54.  

Kariwa H, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Isegawa Y, Yamanishi
K, Hashimoto N. Enhancement of infectivity of
hantavirus in cell culture by centrifugation. J Virol
Methods 1994 Sep;49(2):235-44.  

Kariwa H, Isegawa Y, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Ueda S,
Yamanishi K, Hashimoto N. Comparison of nucleotide
sequences of M genome segments among Seoul virus
strains isolated from eastern Asia. Virus Res 1994 Jul;
33(1):27-38.  

Kariwa H, Kamimura M, Arikawa J, Yoshimatsu K,
Takashima I, Hashimoto N. Characterization of the mode
of Hantaan virus infection in adult mice using a nested
reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction: transient
virus replication in adult mice. Microbiol Immunol 1995;
39(1):35-41.  

Kauppila M, Kotilainen P, Lahdevirta J, Svartback CM,
Kosunen O, Nurminen J, Sarkkinen H, Salonen EM,
Brummer-Korvenkontio M. [First serologically confirmed
deaths due to nephropathia epidemica]. Duodecim 1990;
106(15):1103-6.  (Fin).  

Kawamura K, Zhang XK, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Dempo
K, Hashimoto N. Susceptibility of laboratory and wild
rodents to Rattus or Apodemus-type hantaviruses. Acta
Virol 1991 Jan;35(1):54-63.  

Kerouani G, Binet P, Coudrier D, Lallement PY, Perez C,
Rollin PE. [Seroprevalence of hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome in foresters of Ile-de-France (letter)].
Presse Med 1992 Oct 17;21(34):1636.  (Fre).  

Ketai LH, Williamson MR, Telepak RJ, Levy H, Koster FT,
Nolte KB, Allen SE. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome:
radiographic findings in 16 patients. Radiology 1994 Jun;
191(3):665-8.  

Khabbaz RF, Ksiazek TG, Caiaffa WT, Rollin PE, Taylor E,
Vlahov D. Seoul hantavirus seropositivity among
injecting drug users in Baltimore [letter]. J Infect Dis
1994 Dec;170(6):1636-7.  

Khabbaz RF, The Task Force (USA). Epidemiology of
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [abstract]. Program
Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother
1994;34:284.  34th Interscience Conference on
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-6;
Orlando, FL.

Khan AS, Gaviri AM, Rollin PE, Hlady WG, Ksiazek TG,
Armstrong LR, Greenman R, Ravkov E, Kolber M,
Anapol H, Sfakianaki ED, Nichol ST, Peters CJ,
Khabbaz RF. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Florida:
association with the newly identified Black Creek Canal
virus. Am J Med 1996 Jan;100(1):46-8. 

Khan AS, Ksiazek TG, Zaki SR, Nichol ST, Rollin PE,
Peters CJ, Khabbaz RF, Cheek JE, Shireley LA,
McDonough SL, et al. Fatal hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome in an adolescent. Pediatrics 1995 Feb;
95(2):276-80.  

Khan AS, Spiropoulou CF, Morzunov S, Zaki SR, Kohn
MA, Nawas SR, McFarland L, Nichol ST. Fatal illness
associated with a new hantavirus in Louisiana. J Med
Virol 1995;46(3):281-6. 

Kim EC, Kim IS, Choi Y, Kim SG, Lee JS. Rapid
differentiation between Hantaan and Seoul viruses by
polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme
analysis. J Med Virol 1994 Jul;43(3):245-8.  

Kim GH, Kim Y, Ahn C, Han JS, Kim S, Lee JS. Renal
tubular functions in the convalescent phase of Korean
hemorrhagic fever HF [abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol
1992;3(3):313. 25th Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Nephrology; 1992 Mar 15-18.

Kim GR, Lee YT, Park CH. A new natural reservoir of
hantavirus: isolation of hantaviruses from lung tissues of
bats. Arch Virol 1994;134(1-2):85-95.  

Kim S, Kang ET, Kim YG, Han JS, Lee JS, Kim YI, Hall
WC, Dalrymple JM, Peters CJ. Localization of Hantaan
viral envelope glycoproteins by monoclonal antibodies in
renal tissues from patients with Korean hemorrhagic fever
H. Am J Clin Pathol 1993 Oct;100(4):398-403.  

Kim SD, Kim GR. [Identification of serotype of hantavirus
CUMC-88H isolated from patients with hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. J Cathol Med Coll 1993;
46(2):487-97. (Kor).  

Kim SH, Kim S, Lee JS, Choi BI, Kim YG, Han JS, Park
JH, Han MC, Kim CW. Hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome: MR imaging of the kidney. Radiology 1990
Jun;175(3):823-5.  

Kim YS, Ahn C, Han JS, Kim S, Lee JS. Hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by the Seoul virus
[abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol 1994;5(3):397. 27th Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology; 1994
Oct 26-29; Orlando, FL.

Klebanov IuA. [Analysis of fatal outcome in hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. Klin Med (Mosk) 1990 Dec;
68(12):64-7.  (Rus).  

Kleinknecht D, Rollin PE. Hypertension after hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome [letter]. Nephron 1992;61(1):
121.  

Ko KW. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: clinical
aspects. Pediatr Nephrol 1992 Mar;6(2):197-200.  

Kobayashi K, Itakura C, Arikawa J, Hashimoto N. Renal
lesions in rats infected with Rattus serotype hantavirus
(SR-11 strain). Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 1991 Nov;
38(9):657-64.  

Kobzik J, Danes L. [Laboratory-confirmed cases of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome which occurred
in Breclav 1989-1990]. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol
1992 Jun;41(2):65-8.  (Cze).  

Koneva OA, Shapiro IA. [Evaluation of cellular immunity in
convalescents after hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Sov Med 1991;(11):77-80.  (Rus).  

Kontkanen M, Puustjarvi T, Lahdevirta J. Myopic shift and
its mechanism in nephropathia epidemica or Puumala
virus infection.  Br J Ophthalmol 1994 Dec;78(12):903-6.

Koster F, Levy H, Mertz G, Young S, Foucar K,
McLaughlin J, Bryt B, Merlin T, Zumwalt R, et al.
Outbreak of acute illness Southwestern United States
1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993;42(22):
421-4. 

Kovalskii GS, Voino-Iasenetskii AM, Kovalskaia TV,
Petrichko MI. [Clinical aspects and treatment of
emergency states in hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Klin Med (Mosk) 1990 Mar;68(3):138-44. 
(Rus).  

Kovalskii IuG, Makarevich NI, Piotrovich AK. [The
pathogenesis of the renal syndrome in hemorrhagic
fever]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1992 Jan-Feb;(1-3):35-6. 
(Rus).  

Krakauer T, Leduc JW, Morrill JC, Anderson AO, Krakauer
H. Serum levels of alpha and gamma interferons in
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Viral Immunol
1994;7(2):97-101.  

Kravitz JD. Control of hantavirus in the west [letter]. JAMA
1995 Mar 22-29;273(12):919-20.  

Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, Rollin PE, Zaki S, Nichol S,
Spiropoulou C, Morzunov S, Feldmann H, Sanchez A,
Khan AS, et al. Identification of a new North American
hantavirus that causes acute pulmonary insufficiency. Am
J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Feb;52(2):117-23.  

Kulzer P, Heidland A. [Acute kidney failure caused by
hantaviruses]. Ther Umsch 1994 Dec;51(12):824-31. 
(Ger).  

Kulzer P, Schaefer RM, Heidbreder E, Heidland A.
Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, 1993: endemic
or unrecognised pandemic? [letter]. Comment in: Lancet
1993 Jul 31; 342(8866):313; Lancet 1993 Aug 21;
342(8869):495; Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114; Lancet
1994 Jan 8; 343(8889):114-5.  

Kulzer P, Schaefer RM, Heidbreder E, Heidland A.
[Hantavirus infection with acute kidney failure]. Dtsch
Med Wochenschr 1992 Sep 18;117(38):1429-33.  (Ger).  

Kulzer P, Schaefer RM, Heidbreder E, Heidland A.
Retrospective diagnosis of small epidemic of
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome [letter]. Lancet
1992 Apr 11;339(8798):940-1.  

Kulzer P, Schafer RM, Heidland A. [Hantavirus infections
1993: endemic or unrecognized pandemic?]. Dtsch Med
Wochenschr 1993 Oct 22;118(42):1546.  (Ger).  

Kushnareva TV, Slonova RA, Astakhova TI. [Detection of
hemagglutinins in hantavirus serotypes and some of their
properties]. Vopr Virusol 1995 Mar-Apr;40(2):53-6. 
(Rus).  

Laboratory management of agents associated with hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome: interim biosafety guidelines.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 May 13;43(RR-7):1-7.  

Lahdevirta J. [Serious nephropathia epidemica as a
therapeutic problem and as a cause of death (editorial)].
Duodecim 1990;106(15):1084-6.  (Fin).  

Laine D. Hantavirus. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 1994 Apr;
6(4):184-5.  

Lautala P, Uhari M. Epidemic nephropathy in children. Am J
Dis Child 1991 Oct;145(10):1181-3.  

Le Guenno B. Identifying a hantavirus associated with acute
respiratory illness: a PCR victory? Lancet 1993 Dec 11;
342(8885):1438-9.  

Le Guenno B, Camprasse MA, Guilbaut JC, Lanoux P, Hoen
B. Hantavirus epidemic in Europe, 1993 [letter]. Lancet
1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114-5. Comment on: Lancet 1993
Jul 31;342(8866):313; Lancet 1993 Aug 21;342(8869):
495; Lancet 1994 Apr 23;343(8904):1038.  

LeDuc JW, Childs JE, Glass GE. The hantaviruses, etiologic
agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a
possible cause of hypertension and chronic renal disease
in the United States. Annu Rev Public Health 1992;13:
79-98.  

Leduc JW, Childs JE, Glass GE, Watson AJ. Hantaan
(Korean hemorrhagic fever) and related rodent zoonoses.
In: Morse SS, editor. Emerging viruses. Oxford: Oxford
University Press; 1993. p. 149-58.  

LeDuc JW, Ksiazek TG, Rossi CA, Dalrymple JM. A
retrospective analysis of sera collected by the
Hemorrhagic Fever Commission during the Korean
Conflict. J Infect Dis 1990 Nov;162(5):1182-4.  

Lee JH, Chung SI, Kang ET, Choi CS, Yang YT. [Growth
of Hantaan virus strain 76-118 in suckling mouse kidney
cell culture]. Chung Ang Ui Dai Chi 1992;17(1):63-72.
(Kor).  

Lee JS. Clinical features of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome in Korea. Kidney Int Suppl 1991 Dec;35:
S88-93.  

Lee MC, Lee DS, Chung JK, Lee JS, Koh CS. Scintigraphic
measurement of the changes of pulmonary vasculature in
Korean hemorrhagic fever [abstract]. Eur J Nucl Med
1991;18(8):631. European Association of Nuclear
Medicine Congress; 1991 Sep 1-5; Vienna.

Lee PW, Jeong DH, Song SW. [Detection and serotypic
differentiation of hantaviruses using reverse
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)].
Taehan Misaengmul Hakhoe Chi 1994;29(1):79-88.
(Kor).  

Ler Z, Gligic A, Celik S, Obradovic M. [Epidemiologic
characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in a disease reservoir near Foca]. Vojnosanit Pregl 1990
Sep-Oct;47(5):326-8.  (Scr).  

Ler Z, Obradovic M, Gligic A. [Hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome--etiology]. Med Arh 1991;45(1-2):55-8. 
(Scr).  

Leschinskaya EV, Tkachenko EA, Dzagurova TK, Drozdov
SG. Acute haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
(HFRS) in Austria [letter]. Acta Virol 1991 May;35(3):
303.  

Leshchinskaia EV, Tkachenko EA, Ryltseva EV, Petrov VA,
Ianovskii SM, Gasanova TA, Bystrovskii VF, Mogila
TV, Kovalskii GS, Priven VZ, et al. [Characteristics of
endemic foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in various regions of the USSR]. Vopr Virusol 1990
Jan-Feb;35(1):42-5.  (Rus).  

Levins R, Epstein PR, Wilson ME, Morse SS, Slooff R,
Eckardt I. Hantavirus disease emerging [news]. Lancet
1993 Nov 20;342(8882):1292.  

Levy H. Clinical course, management and pathology of
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [abstract]. Program
Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother
1994;34:285.  34th Interscience Conference on
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7;
Orlando, FL.

Levy H, Simpson SQ. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Am
J Respir Crit Care Med 1994 Jun;149(6):1710-3. 

Lewis RM, Lee HW, See AF, Parrish DB, Moon JS, Kim
DJ, Cosgriff TM. Changes in populations of immune
effector cells during the course of haemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991
Mar-Apr;85(2):282-6.  

Li CJ, Lin Q, Wang ML. [Production of idiotypic antibody
against EHFV and immunoreaction of anti-EHFV induced
by the idiotypic antibody in mouse]. Virol Sin 1991;6(4):
309-14. (Chi).  

Li D, Schmaljohn AL, Anderson K, Schmaljohn CS.
Complete nucleotide sequences of the M and S segments
of two hantavirus isolates from California: evidence for
reassortment in nature among viruses related to
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Virology 1995 Feb 1;
206(2):973-83.  

Li DL, Sun CS, Li B, Ren YN, Li LS. [Case-control study
on cat as a risk factor of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1990;11(5):
372-4.  (Chi). 

Li G, Fang L, Ni DS, Wang GD, Yue JS. [Detection of
HFRSV-AG and isolation of HFRSV from CSF of the
patients with brain-type HFRS]. Chung Hua Min Kuo
Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990;10(4):
256-9, 270.  (Chi).  

Li Y, Xu Z, Ye K. [Detection of epidemic hemorrhagic fever
antibodies by indirect ELISA]. Acta Acad Med Shanghai
1992;19(3):196-200.  (Chi).  

Li YL. [Cohort study of seroepidemiology on hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh
Tsa Chih 1991 Nov;25(6):329-31.  (Chi).  

Li YL, Ruo SL, Tong Z, Ma QR, Liu ZL, Ye KL, Zhu ZY,
McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP, Xu ZY. A serotypic
study of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in rural
China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Mar;52(3):247-51.  

Liang M, Chu YK, Schmaljohn C. Bacterial expression of
neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody Fab fragments to
Hantaan virus. Virology 1996 Mar 1;217(1):262-71. 

Liang M, Li D, Xiao SY, Hang C, Rossi CA, Schmaljohn
CS. Antigenic and molecular characterization of
hantavirus isolates from China. Virus Res 1994 Feb;
31(2):219-33.  

Lim CS, Yang WS, Kim YS, Jung YC, Ahn C, Han JS, Kim
S, Lee JS. Detection of Hantaan viral antigens in renal
tissues from a patient with Korean hemorrhagic fever in
convalescent phase. Seoul J Med 1993;34(3):229-35. 

Lin S. [Endothelin and acute renal failure: study on their
relation and possible mechanisms]. Chung Hua I Hsueh
Tsa Chih (Taipei) 1992 Apr;72(4):201-5, 253-4.  (Chi).  

Linderholm M, Ahlm C, Settergren B, Waage A, Tarnvik A.
Elevated plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor
(TNF)-alpha, soluble TNF receptors, interleukin (IL)-6,
and IL-10 in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome. J Infect Dis 1996 Jan;173(1):38-43. 

Linderholm M, Billstrom A, Settergren B, Tarnvik A.
Pulmonary involvement in nephropathia epidemica as
demonstrated by computed tomography. Infection 1992
Sep-Oct;20(5):263-6.  

Linderholm M, Bjermer L, Juto P, Roos G, Sandstrom T,
Settergren B, Tarnvik A. Local host response in the lower
respiratory tract in nephropathia epidemica. Scand J
Infect Dis 1993;25(5):639-46.  

Linderholm M, Settergren B, Ahlm C, Burman LA, Traff S,
Backlund U, Juto P. A Swedish fatal case of nephropathia
epidemica. Scand J Infect Dis 1991;23(4):501-2.  

Liu B, Dai J, Wang X, Wang X, Shen G. [Propagation of the
HTV in primary human embryonic kidney and lung cell
culture]. Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Pao 1994 Aug;34(4):
328-31.  (Chi).  

Liu JB. [Changes in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)
axis and the deficiency-excess syndrome differentiation
on epidemic hemorrhagic fever patients]. Chung Kuo
Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih 1993 Apr;13(4):217-9,
197.  (Chi).  

Liu JB, Liu JX, Jin SL. [Traditional Chinese medicine
combined with Western medicine in the treatment of
severe renal failure in patients with epidemic hemorrhagic
fever]. Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih 1991 Aug;11(8):
475-6, 453.  (Chi).  

Liu YF. [Distribution of extracellular viral antigen of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever in human autopsy cases].
Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993 Jun;73(6):341-2, 380. 
(Chi).  

Liu YF, Li CX, Yan PS. Primary and secondary changes in
the brains of suckling Balb/c mice with experimental
hemorrhagic fever. Chin Med J (Engl) 1992 Nov;
105(11):909-12.  

Liu YF, Wang CJ, Yan PS. [Preparation of bio-cDNA probe
of domestic type hemorrhagic fever virus and its use in
hybridization in situ]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao
1990;11(5):397. (Chi).  

Liu YF, Yang SJ, Yan PS, Liu YY. Characteristics of
immunocomplex in autopsy tissues of hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994 Jun;
107(6):444-9.  

Liu YF, Yang SJ, Yan PS, Wang CJ. [Detection in-situ and
partial diffusion of epidemic hemorrhagic fever viral
antigen in cells]. Virol Sin 1991;6(2):107-12. (Chi).  

Liu Z, Li Y, Tong Z, Ma Q, Xu Z, Ye K, Tang Y. [Case
control study on risk factors of epidemic hemorrhagic
fever]. Acta Acad Med Shanghai 1992;19(5):370-4.
(Chi).  

Liu Z, Zhang C, Li X, et al. [Sequential determinations of
serum specific IGG antibodies of patients with epidemic
hemorrhagic fever and their relationship to illness types].
Hsi An I Ko Ta Hsuseh Hsueh Pao 1992;13(3):259-62.
(Chi).  

Lloyd G. Aetiology of hantavirus infections. Antivir Chem
Chemother 1990;1(4):227-31.  

Lombardi M, Dattolo P, Bartolozzi D, Leoncini F, Salvadori
M, Nicoletti L. Outcome of the haemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome in four Italian cases with a mean follow
up of 7 years [letter]. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994;9(4):
458-9.  

Lu JY, Yu YX, Zhao ZK. [A study on virus localization and
microcirculation in the liver in patients with epidemic
hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1992
Feb;31(2):95-7, 126.  (Chi).  

Lu M, Liu S, Yang J, Zeng Q, Peng L, Zhu X. [Observation
on the ultrastructure of leucocytes and platelets in a
severe type of epidemic hemorrhagic fever EHF]. Hunan
Yike Daxue Xuebao 1993;18(2):155-8. (Chi).  

Lukac V, Dokic M, Rakovic-Savcic L, Diglisic G, Gligic A,
Drndarevic D, Obradovic M. [Epidemiologic
characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in a military population]. Vojnosanit Pregl 1992 May-Jun;
49(3):201-5.  (Scr).  

Lukac V, Obradovic M, Gligic A, Stojanovic R,
Rakovic-Savcic L, Diglisic G, Drndarevic D, Dordevic
D. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Yugoslavia 1951-1988]. Vojnosanit Pregl 1990 Jul-Aug;
47(4):242-8.  (Scr).  

Lukashevich IS, Tkachenko EA, Lemeshko NN, Rezapkin
GV, Stelmakh TA, Pashkov AIa, Vladyko AS,
Dzagurova TK, Shkolina TV, Scheslenok EP.
[Virus-specific proteins and RNA of the virus of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Vopr Virusol
1990 Jan-Feb;35(1):38-42.  (Rus).  

Lundkvist A, Bjorsten S, Niklasson B. Immunoglobulin G
subclass responses against the structural components of
Puumala virus. J Clin Microbiol 1993 Feb;31(2):368-72.  

Lundkvist A, Bjorsten S, Niklasson B, Ahlborg N. Mapping
of B-cell determinants in the nucleocapsid protein of
Puumala virus: definition of epitopes specific for acute
immunoglobulin G recognition in humans. Clin Diagn
Lab Immunol 1995 Jan;2(1):82-6.  

Lundkvist A, Fatouros A, Niklasson B. Antigenic variation
of European haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
virus strains characterized using bank vole monoclonal
antibodies. J Gen Virol 1991 Sep;72(Pt 9):2097-103.  

Lundkvist A, Horling J, Athlin L, Rosen A, Niklasson B.
Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against
Puumala virus, causative agent of nephropathia
epidemica: a novel method using antigen-coated magnetic
beads for specific B cell isolation. J Gen Virol 1993
Jul;74(Pt 7):1303-10.  

Lundkvist A, Horling J, Bjorsten S, Niklasson B. Sensitive
detection of hantaviruses by biotin- streptavidin enhanced
immunoassays based on bank vole monoclonal antibodies.
J Virol Methods 1995 Mar;52(1-2):75-86.  

Lundkvist A, Kallio-Kokko H, Sjolander KB, Lankinen H,
Niklasson B, Vaheri A, Vapalahti O. Characterization of
Puumala virus nucleocapsid protein: identification of
B-cell epitopes and domains involved in protective
immunity. Virology 1996 Feb 15;216(2):397-406. 

Lundkvist A, Niklasson B. Bank vole monoclonal antibodies
against Puumala virus envelope glycoproteins:
identification of epitopes involved in neutralization. Arch
Virol 1992;126(1-4):93-105.  

Lundkvist A, Scholander C, Niklasson B. Anti-idiotypic
antibodies against Puumala virus glycoprotein-specific
monoclonal antibodies inhibit virus infection in cell
cultures. Arch Virol 1993;132(3-4):255-65.  

Luo DD, Zeng LL, Guo JS. [Study of cytopathogenic effect
of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus on normal human
bone marrow cells]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1993
Jan;32(1):46-8.  (Chi).  

Lyubsky S, GavrilovskayAI, Luft B, Mackow E.
Histopathology of Peromyscus leucopus naturally infected
with pathogenic NY-1 hantaviruses: pathologic markers
of HPS viral infection in mice. Lab Invest 1996 Mar;
74(3):627-33. 

Mackow ER, Luft BJ, Bosler E, Goldgaber D. More on
hantavirus in New England and New York [letter]. 
N Engl J Med 1995 Feb 2;332(5):337-8.  

Malinina GA, Riabov VI, Malinin OV. [The functional
activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1994 Jan-Feb;(1):100-3.  (Rus).  

Markotic A, Sarcevic A, Hlaca D. [Early diagnosis of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome during war]. Med
Arh 1994;48(3):109-11. (Scr).  

Markotic A, Sarcevic A, Hlaca D. IgM ELISA: Method of
choice for rapid diagnostic of the hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome (HFRS) [abstract]. Period Biol 1994;
96(3):269. 2nd Alps-Adria Immunology and Allergology
Meeting: Mechanisms in Local Immunity; 1994 Sep
26-28; Opatija, Croatia.

Marshall E. Hantavirus outbreak yields to PCR [news].
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):832, 834-6. Comment on:
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):850-1; Science 1993 
Nov 5;262(5135):914-7.  

Marshall E, Stone R. Race to grow hantavirus ends in tie
[news]. Science 1993 Dec 3;262(5139):1509.  

Marshall RC, Rhodes CB. Korean hemorrhagic fever:
environmental health and medical surveillance measures.
Mil Med 1990 Dec;155(12):607-10.  

Marunich NA, Gavrilovskaia IN, Gorbachkova EA, Apekina
NS, Figurnov VA, Iakunin KF, Burlakova NG, Lopatin
AI. [Cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Amur Province associated with the rat serotype of the
virus]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1990 Mar;
(3):48-52.  (Rus).  

McClain DJ. Prospects for prevention and therapy [abstract].
Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents
Chemother 1994;34:285. 34th Interscience Conference on
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7;
Orlando, FL.

McKenna P, Clement J, Matthys P, Coyle PV, McCaughey
C. Serological evidence of hantavirus disease in Northern
Ireland. J Med Virol 1994 May;43(1):33-8.  

McKenna P, van der Groen G, Hoofd G, Beelaert G, Leirs
H, Verhagen R, Kints JP, Cormont F, Nisol F, Bazin H.
Eradication of hantavirus infection among laboratory rats
by application of caesarian section and a foster mother
technique. J Infect 1992 Sep;25(2):181-90.  

Meng X. [Study on the serological typing of patients with
epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) and host animals in
Junan County, Shangdong Province]. Chung Hua Liu
Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992 Apr;13(2):72-5.  (Chi).  

Mettang T, Weber J, Kuhlmann U. [Acute kidney failure
caused by hantavirus infection]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr
1991 Dec 13;116(50):1903-6.  (Ger).  

Mi L, et al. [Induction of neutralizing antibodies against
HFRSV in animal by human monoclonal anti- idiotype
antibodies]. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mien I
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993;13(1):13-6. (Chi).  

Mi L, Jin B, Cui Y, Gao L, Xu Z. Human monoclonal
anti-idiotypic antibodies bearing the internal image of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus antigen.
Hum Antib Hybrid 1994;5(3-4):187-90.  

Miasnikov IuA. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Feldsher Akush 1990 Jan;55(1):35-40.  (Rus).  

Miasnikov IuA, Apekina NS, Zuevskii AP, Khitrin AV,
Bernshtein AD. [The disposition of natural foci of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in different
landscape areas of Tyumen Province]. Vopr Virusol 1992
May-Jun;37(3):161-5.  (Rus).  

Miasnikov IuA, Tkachenko EA, Stepanenko AG, Nurgaleeva
RG, Kireev SG, Malkin AE. [The intensity of the immune
response to the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
virus among different population groups of
Bashkortostan]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol
1992 Feb;(2):47-50.  (Rus).  

Michel A, Grandjean P, Ruscher H. [A case of hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. J Med Strasb1992;23(6):
307-8. (Fre).  

Mikhailenko AG, Tkachenko EA, Smirnov IIa, Malkin AE,
Chebotar IF. [Results of serologic screening for
hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome in Moldova].
Vopr Virusol 1994 Nov-Dec;39(6):260-2.  (Rus).  

Mills JN, Ksiazek TG, Childs JE, Rollin PE, Krebs JW,
Nichol ST, Peters CJ. Rodents and hantaviruses: New
findings from the Americas and their disease implications
[abstract].  Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob
Agents Chemother 1994;34:284. 34th Interscience
Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy;
1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL.

Moll M. Recognizing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Pa
Med 1994 Feb;97(2):40.  

Monath TP. Ribavirin, interferon, and antibody approaches
to prophylaxis and therapy for viral hemorrhagic fevers.
Curr Opin Infect Dis 1990;3(6):824-33.  

Moolenaar RL, Dalton C, Lipman HB, Gallaher MM, Rollin
PE, Ksiazek TG, Nichol ST, Duchin JS, Peters CJ,
Breiman RF. Clinical features distinctive of hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome [abstract]. Program Abstr Intersci
Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;34:243. 34th
Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and
Chemotherapy; 1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL.

Mori F, Kobayashi K, Itakura C, Arikawa J, Hashimoto N.
Pathological studies on central nervous tissues of rats
infected with Rattus serotype hantavirus (SR-11 strain).
Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 1991 Nov;38(9):665-72.  

Morita C, Inoue S, Ami Y, Sugiyama K, Kitamura T.
Different transmissibility of 2 isolates of Seoul virus from
the same wild brown rat (Rattus norvegicus). J Vet Med
Sci 1994 Jun;56(3):549-50.  

Morita C, Morikawa S, Sugiyama K, Komatsu T, Ueno H,
Kitamura T. Inability of a strain of Seoul virus to transmit
itself vertically in rats. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1993 Oct-Dec;
46(5-6):215-9.  

Morris W, Fainstat M, Robinson T, Hoo R. Hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in California. West J Med
1994 Oct;161(4):418-21.  

Morrison YY, Rathbun RC. Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome: the Four Corners disease. Ann Pharmacother
1995 Jan;29(1):57-65.  

Morrone A, Eschard JP, Pennaforte JL, Zeitoun P, Etienne
JC. [Acute febrile backache revealing hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome (letter)]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic
1992 Mar;59(3):233-4. (Fre).  

Morse SS. Hantaviruses and the hantavirus outbreak in the
United States. A case study in disease emergence. Ann N
Y Acad Sci 1994 Dec 15;740:199-207.  

Morzunov SP, Feldmann H, Spiropoulou CF, Semenova VA,
Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, Nichol ST. A newly
recognized virus associated with a fatal case of hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome in Louisiana. J Virol 1995 Mar;
69(3):1980-3.  

Moteiunas LI, Spurga SV, Tkachenko EA, Miasnikov IuA,
Tatianchenko LA. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome in Lithuania]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Jan-Feb;
35(1):72-4.  (Rus).  

Moulin B, Olmer M, Simonetti SD, Ferrero A, Paix MA,
Rollin PE, Sureau P. [A case of imported hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome (letter)]. Presse Med 1991 
Dec 7;20(42):2162.  (Fre).  

Muradov MK, Shamsiev DA, Muradov AM. [The efficacy of
the use of surgical methods of detoxication in parturients
with the hemorrhagic syndrome complicated by acute
renal insufficiency]. Anesteziol Reanimatol 1993 Sep-Oct;
(5):53-7.  (Rus).  

Mustonen J, Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Hedman K,
Pasternack A, Pietila K, Vaheri A. Nephropathia
epidemica in Finland: a retrospective study of 126 cases.
Scand J Infect Dis 1994;26(1):7-13.  

Mustonen J, Helin H, Pietila K, Brummer-Korvenkontio M,
Hedman K, Vaheri A, Pasternack A. Renal biopsy
findings and clinicopathologic correlations in
nephropathia epidemica. Clin Nephrol 1994 Mar;41(3):
121-6.  

Mustonen J, Huttunen NP, Brummer-Korvenkontio M,
Vaheri A. Clinical picture of nephropathia epidemica in
children. Acta Paediatr 1994 May;83(5):526-9.  

Mustonen J, Pietila K, Pasternack A, Helin H,
Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Hedman K, Vaheri A.
Clinicopathological correlations in acute tubulointerstitial
nephritis caused by nephropathia epidemica [abstract].
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992;7(7):703-4. 29th Annual
Congress of the European Dialysis and Transplant
Association- European Renal Association; 1992 Jun 28-
Jul 1; Paris.

Mustonen J, Saha H, Pasternack A, Brummer- Korvenkontio
M. Nephropathia epidemica in a patient with renal
transplant [letter]. Clin Nephrol 1991 May;35(5):233.
Comment on: Clin Nephrol 1990 Jun;33(6):264-8.  

Neild G. Mysterious respiratory disease in USA [letter].
Lancet 1993 Jul 3;342(8862):61. Comment on: Lancet
1993 Jun 12;341(8859):1526.  

Nelson H. USA: Mysterious respiratory illness [news].
Lancet 1993 Jun 12;341(8859):1526. Comment in: Lancet
1993 Jul 3;342(8862):61.  

Neringer R, Niklasson B. [Consider diagnosis of
nephropathia epidemica even in southern Sweden]].
Lakartidningen 1992 Mar 11;89(11):870, 873.  (Swe).  

Nerurkar VR, Song JW, Song KJ, Nagle JW, Hjelle B,
Jenison S, Yanagihara R. Genetic evidence for a
hantavirus enzootic in deer mice (Peromyscus
maniculatus) captured a decade before the recognition of
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Virology 1994 Nov 1;
204(2):563-8.  

Nerurkar VR, Song KJ, Gajdusek DC, Yanagihara R.
Genetically distinct hantavirus in deer mice [letter].
Lancet 1993 Oct 23;342(8878):1058-9.  

Nevskii IM, Karmanova RI, Magaznov AM, Apekina NS,
Gavrilovskaia IN, Belov VP, Pitkianen AA, Okrema AA.
[An assessment of the epidemic and epizootic activity of
natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Voen Med Zh 1993 Oct;(10):41-4.  (Rus).  

Newly identified hantavirus--Florida, 1994. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 Feb 18;43(6):99, 105.  

Nichol ST, Morzunov S, Chizhikov V, Spiropoulou CF,
Feldmann H, Ravkov E, Bowen M, Sanchez A, Thayer
W, Rollin PE, et al. Newly recognized hantaviruses
[abstract]. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1995;19A:280. Keystone
Symposium on Molecular Aspects of Viral Immunity;
1995 Jan 16-23; Keystone, CO.

Nichol ST, Spiropoulou CF, Morzunov S, Rollin PE,
Ksiazek TG, Feldmann H, Sanchez A, Childs J, Zaki S,
Peters CJ. Genetic identification of a hantavirus
associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness.
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):914-7. Comment in:
Science 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):832-6. 

Nie ZL, et al. [Development of EHFV micro-CPE
neutralization test and application for detection of NT
antibody]. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mieh I
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1991;11(4):263-6. (Chi).  

Nie ZL, Yu YX. [Cytopathic effect of 76-118 strain of HFRS
virus on vero cells]. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh
Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990;10(2):109-12. (Chi).  

Niklasson B. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,
virological and epidemiological aspects. Pediatr Nephrol
1992 Mar;6(2):201-4.  

Niklasson B, Hellsten G, LeDuc J. Hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome: a study of sequelae following
nephropathia epidemica. Arch Virol 1994;137(3-4):
241-7.  

Niklasson B, Hornfeldt B, Lundkvist A, Bjorsten S, Leduc J.
Temporal dynamics of Puumala virus antibody prevalence
in voles and of nephropathia epidemica incidence in
humans. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Aug; 53(2):134-40. 

Niklasson B, Hornfeldt B, Mullaart M, Settergren B,
Tkachenko E, Myasnikov YuA, Ryltceva EV,
Leschinskaya E, Malkin A, Dzagurova T. An
epidemiologic study of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome in Bashkirtostan (Russia) and Sweden. Am J
Trop Med Hyg 1993 May;48(5):670-5.  

Niklasson B, Jonsson M, Lundkvist A, Horling J, Tkachenko
E. Comparison of European isolates of viruses causing
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by a
neutralization test. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Dec;45(6):
660-5.  

Niklasson B, Jonsson M, Widegren I, Persson K, LeDuc J. A
study of nephropathia epidemica among military
personnel in Sweden. Res Virol 1992 May-Jun;143(3):
211-4.  

Niklasson B, Lundkvist A. [Four Corners disease--a newly
discovered virus in the USA. Is there a similar disease in
Sweden?]. Lakartidningen 1994 Feb 16;91(7):581-2. 
(Swe).  

Niklasson B, Tkachenko E, Ivanov AP, van der Groen G,
Wiger D, Andersen HK, LeDuc J, Kjelsson T, Nystrom
K. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: evaluation
of ELISA for detection of Puumala-virus- specific IgG
and IgM. Res Virol 1990 Nov-Dec;141(6):637-48.  

Noji EK, Miller GL. Emergency department response to a
disaster from an emerging pathogen [editorial]. Ann
Emerg Med 1994 Sep;24(3):512-4. Comment on: Ann
Emerg Med 1994 Sep;24(3):429-36; Ann Emerg Med
1994 Sep;24(3):530-6.  

Nolte KB, Feddersen RM, Foucar K, Zaki SR, Koster FT,
Madar D, Merlin TL, McFeeley PJ, Umland ET,
Zumwalt RE. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the
United States: a pathological description of a disease
caused by a new agent. Hum Pathol 1995;26(1):110-20. 

Nowotny N. The domestic cat: a possible transmitter of
viruses from rodents to man [letter]. Lancet 1994 Apr 9;
343(8902):921. Comment on: Lancet 1994 Jan 8;
343(8889):67; Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114.  

Nowotny N, Weissenboeck H, Aberle S, Hinterdorfer F.
Hantavirus infection in the domestic cat [letter]. JAMA
1994 Oct 12;272(14):1100-1.  

Nozic D, Dokic M, Mijuskovic P, Gligic A, Kapulica I.
[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and the picture
of obstructive icterus]. Vojnosanit Pregl 1991 Sep-Oct;
48(5):447-8.  (Scr).  

Nuti M. Infections by hantaviruses, leptospires, rickettsiae
and B. burgdorferi in Alpine mountain areas. Ther Infect
Dis 1991;6(3-4):338-40.  

Nuti M, Agostini M, Albini E, Avsic-Zupanc T, Kraigher A.
[Antibodies against the Hantaan virus in Italian
ex-soldiers stationed in the Balkans during World War II].
Ann Ig 1992 Jan-Feb;4(1):23-8.  (Ita).  

Nuti M, Agostini M, Albini E, Avsic-Zupanc T, Kraigher A.
Hantaan antibody in Italian ex-soldiers who served in the
Balkans [letter]. Lancet 1991 Nov 16;338(8777):1277.
Comment on: Lancet 1991 Jul 6;338(8758):66.  

Nuti M, Amaddeo D, Autorino GL, Crovatto M, Crucil C,
Ghionni A, Giommi M, Salvati F, Santini GF.
Seroprevalence of antibodies to hantaviruses and
leptospires in selected Italian population groups. Eur J
Epidemiol 1992 Jan;8(1):98-102.  

Nuti M, Amaddeo D, Caprilli F, Crescimbeni E, Antoniazzi
G, Lalli C, Prignano G, Franco E, Cristaldi M. [Tiber
environment and infections: antibodies to hantaviruses,
Leptospira, Borrelia and hepatitis A virus in subjects
active on the river banks]. Ann Ig 1993 Jul-Aug;5(4):
259-65.  (Ita).  

Nuti M, Amaddeo D, Crovatto M, Ghionni A, Polato D,
Lillini E, Pitzus E, Santini GF. Infections in an Alpine
environment: antibodies to hantaviruses, leptospira,
rickettsiae, and Borrelia burgdorferi in defined Italian
populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jan;48(1):20-5.  

Nuti M, Lee HW. Serological evidence of hantavirus
infection in some tropical populations. Trans R Soc Trop
Med Hyg 1991 Mar-Apr;85(2):297-8.  

Nuti M, Messa M, Mioni G, Zorzenon M, Pitzus E.
Presumed first case of haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome in north-eastern Italy. Trans R Soc Trop Med
Hyg 1991 Nov-Dec;85(6):789.  

Nuutinen HU, Vuoristo M, Valtonen V, Miettinen TA.
Hemorrhagic gastritis in nephropathia epidemica
[abstract]. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1990;25(176):46.
23rd Scandinavian Conference of Gastroenterology and
14th Scandinavian Endoscopy Meeting; 1990 Jun 14-6;
Reykjavik.

Ohshima A, Isegawa Y. [Detection of HFRS Hantaan virus
RNA sequences by PCR]. Nippon Rinsho 1992 Jul;
50 Suppl:305-9.  (Jpn).  

[Outbreak of acute illness--southwestern United States, 1993].
Can Commun Dis Rep 1993 Jun 30;19(12):91-4.  (Fre).  

Outbreak of acute illness--southwestern United States, 1993.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Jun 11;42(22):
421-4.  

Pan Z, et al. [Plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptides in patients
with epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Hunan Yike Daxue
Xuebao 1991;16(1):76. (Chi).  

Papadimitriou MG, Antoniadis A. Hantavirus nephropathy in
Greece [letter]. Lancet 1994 Apr 23;343(8904):1038.
Comment on: Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114; Lancet
1994 Jan 8;343(8889):114-5; Lancet 1994 Jan 8;
343(8889):115-6.  

Park HJ, Doh PJH, Ahn JS, Ha YJ, Kim SY, Park SY, Moon
HM. Identification of B cell epitopes in the envelope
protein of Hantaan virus [abstract].  In: 9th International
Congress of Immunology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1995.
p. 157.

Parrington MA, Kang CY. Nucleotide sequence analysis of
the S genomic segment of Prospect Hill virus: comparison
with the prototype hantavirus. Virology 1990;175(1):
167-75 

Parrington MA, Lee PW, Kang CY. Molecular
characterization of the Prospect Hill virus M RNA
segment:  a comparison with the M RNA segments of
other hantaviruses. J Gen Virol 1991;72(8):1845-54. 

Parssinen O, Klemetti A, Rossi-Rautiainen E, Forslund T.
Ophthalmic manifestations of epidemic nephropathy. Acta
Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1993 Feb;71(1):114-8.  

Partanen S, Kahanpaa K, Peltola J, Lahdevirta J. Infection
with the Puumala virus in pregnancy. Case report. Br J
Obstet Gynaecol 1990 Mar;97(3):274-5.  

Partanen S, Sariola A, Lahdevirta J. Lack of evidence of
puumala virus infection in patients with spontaneous
abortion [letter]. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1993
Feb;12(2):142-3.  

Patnaik M, Velosa JA, Peter JB. Hantaviruses: an association
with acute renal disease in the U.S. [abstract]. Clin Chem
1995;41(S6 Pt 2):S90. 47th Annual Meeting of the
American Association for Clinical Chemistry; 1995 Jul
16-20; Anaheim, CA.

Paul G, Bourgeois A, Brasseur A, Novik V, Donckier J,
Pochet JM, Buysschaert M. [Hantavirus nephropathy: A
report of six cases]. Louv Med 1990;109(6):433-5. 
(Fre).  

Paul R, Kiiliainen H, Tarssanen L, Vorne M. [99Tcm]MAG3
gamma camera nephrography in epidemic nephritis. Nucl
Med Commun 1991 Jan;12(1):15-25.  

Paul R, Kiiliainen H, Tarssanen L, Vorne M. [The use of
nephrography in the differential diagnosis of epidemic
nephritis (letter)]. Duodecim 1990;106(21):1488.  (Fin).  

Paul R, Tarssanen L, Kiiliainen H, Vorne M. Rapid
diagnosis of epidemic nephritis caused by hantavirus
[letter]. Lancet 1991Apr 20;337(8747):986. Comment on:
Lancet 1991 Mar 2;337(8740):549-50. Comment in:
Lancet 1991 Jul 20;338(8760):183.  

Peco-Antic A, Popovic-Rolovic M, Gligic A, Popovic D,
Jovanovic O, Kostic M. Clinical characteristics of
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in children.
Pediatr Nephrol 1992 Jul;6(4):335-8.  

Peco-Antic A, Popovic-Rolovic M, Popovic D, Gligic A,
Jovanovic O. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
children]. Srp Arh Celok Lek 1991 Jan-Feb;119(1-2):
58-61.  (Scc).  

Pejcoch M, Danes L, Unar J, Zahradkova S, Pekna E.
[Prevalence of hantavirus infection in small mammals in
the South Moravian Region]. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol
Imunol 1992 Jun;41(2):92-100.  (Cze).  

Penalba C, Lanoux P, Halin P, Dion JJ, Reveil JC, Le
Guenno B. [Epidemic outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome in the Ardennes region. 17 cases from
September 1992 to March 1993 (letter)]. Presse Med
1993 Sep 4;22(25):1190.  (Fre).  

Penalba C, Lanoux P, Halin P, Le Guenno B. [Hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome (letter)]. Rev Med Interne
1995;16(3):229.  (Fre).  

Penk L, et al. [Study on alterations of red blood cell white
blood cell and platelet of epidemic hemorrhagic fever
with ribavirin treatment]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;
12(1):8-11. (Chi).  

Pensiero MN, Hay J. The Hantaan virus M-segment
glycoproteins G1 and G2 can be expressed independently.
J Virol 1992 Apr;66(4):1907-14.  

Pensiero MN, Sharefkin JB, Dieffenbach CW, Hay J.
Hantaan virus infection of human endothelial cells. 
J Virol 1992 Oct;66(10):5929-36.  

Perez Molina JA, Escudero Nieto R, Settergren B, Guerrero
Espejo A. [Should we look for Hantavirus infection in
Spanish patients?]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1995
Feb;13(2):125-6.  (Spa).

Peter JB, Patnaik M, Gott P, Weins B, Souw PT. Antibodies
to different strains of hantavirus in end-stage renal disease
in USA and Japan [letter]. Lancet 1994 Jan 15;343(8890):
181.  

Peterson HC, Richardson L. Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome: Kansas, 1993 [news]. Kans Med 1994 Mar;
95(3):74-5.  

Pether JV. Hantavirus infection: pathogenesis and immunity.
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2995;7(3):329-32. 

Pether JV, Jones N, Lloyd G. Acute hantavirus infection
[letter]. Lancet 1991 Oct 19;338(8773):1025. Comment
in: Lancet 1991 Dec 14;338(8781):1530-1.  

Pether JV, Lloyd G. The clinical spectrum of human
hantavirus infection in Somerset, UK. Epidemiol Infect
1993 Aug;111(1):171-5.  

Pether JV, Thurlow J, Palferman TG, Lloyd G. Acute
hantavirus infection presenting as hypersensitivity
vasculitis with arthropathy. J Infect 1993 Jan;26(1):75-7.  

Phillips MJ, Johnson SA, Thomson RK, Pether JV. Further
UK case of acute hantavirus infection [letter]. Lancet
1991 Dec 14;338(8781):1530-1. Comment on: Lancet
1991 Oct 19;338(8773):1025.  

Pilaski J, Ellerich C, Kreutzer T, Benik W, Lewandowski B,
Lang A, Autenrieth IB, Vanek E. [Endemic occurrence of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Federal
Republic of Germany]. Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena) 1991 
Sep 25;85(18):869-74.  (Ger).  

Pilaski J, Ellerich C, Kreutzer T, Lang A, Benik W,
Pohl-Koppe A, Bode L, Vanek E, Autenrieth IB, Bigos
K, et al. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
Germany [letter]. Lancet 1991 Jan 12;337(8733):111.  

Pilaski J, Feldmann H, Morzunov S, Rollin PE, Ruo SL,
Lauer B, Peters CJ, Nichol ST. Genetic identification of a
new Puumala virus strain causing severe hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in Germany. J Infect Dis 1994
Dec;170(6):1456-62.  

Plyusnin A, Vapalahti O, Lankinen H, Lehvaslaiho H,
Apekina N, Myasnikov Y, Kallio-Kokko H, Henttonen H,
Lundkvist A, Brummer-Korvenkontio M, et al. Tula
virus: a newly detected hantavirus carried by European
common voles. J Virol 1994 Dec;68(12):7833-9.  

Plyusnin A, Vapalahti O, Ulfves K, Lehvaslaiho H, Apekina
N, Gavrilovskaya I, Blinov V, Vaheri A. Sequences of
wild Puumala virus genes show a correlation of genetic
variation with geographic origin of the strains. J Gen
Virol 1994 Feb;75(Pt 2):405-9.  

Polenakovic M, Grcevska L, Gerasimovska-Tanevska V,
Oncevski A, Dzikova S, Cakalaroski K, Masin G.
Hantaan virus infection with acute renal failure at
Department of Nephrology, University of Skopje,
Republic of Macedonia [abstract]. J Am Soc Nephrol
1994;5(3):403. 27th Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Nephrology; 1994 Oct 26-29; Orlando, FL. 

Poljak M, Avsic Zupanc T. Immunohistochemical detection
of Hantaan virus antigen in renal tissue from patient with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome [letter]. Nephron
1994;67(2):252.  

Poljak M, Ferluga D, Hvala A, Cizman B, Rott T, But-Cigler
N. Renal vascular changes in haemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome HFRS [abstract]. Pathol Res Pract
1991;187(6):749. 13th European Congress of Pathology;
1991 Sep 1-6; Ljubljana, Yugoslavia.

Pon E, McKee KT Jr, Diniega BM, Merrell B, Corwin A,
Ksiazek TG. Outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome among U.S. Marines in Korea. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 1990 Jun;42(6):612-9.  

Posson SC, Told TN, Hollar GF. Recognition of hantavirus
infection in the rural setting: report of first Colorado
resident to survive. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1993 Oct;
93(10):1061-4. Published erratum appears in J Am
Osteopath Assoc 1993 Dec;93(12):1320.

Prochoda K, Mostow SR, Greenberg K. Hantavirus-
associated acute respiratory failure [letter]. N Engl J Med
1993 Dec 2;329(23):1744.  

Progress in the development of hantavirus diagnostic
assays--United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1993 Oct 8;42(39):770-1.  

Puthavathana P, Dobbs M, Baek LJ, Chu YK, Lee HW,
Kang CY. Comparison of nucleotide sequences among
hantaviruses belonging to the same serotype: an analysis
of amplified DNA by thermal cycle sequencing. Virus
Res 1993 Nov;30(2):161-9.  

Puthavathana P, Lee HW, Kang CY. Typing of hantaviruses
from five continents by polymerase chain reaction. Virus
Res 1992 Oct;26(1):1-14.  

Qian B, Xi Y, Hu G. [Twelve cases of epidemic hemorrhagic
fever transmitted from experimental animal]. Hunan Yike
Daxue Xuebao 1993;18(3):323-4. (Chi).  

Qian DY, Ding YS, Chen GF, Ding JJ, Chen YX, Lu TF,
Wang ZX, Smego RA Jr. A placebo-controlled clinical
trial of prednisone in the treatment of early hemorrhagic
fever [letter]. J Infect Dis 1990 Nov;162(5):1213-4.  

Qiu FX, Duan SX. The Fourth China National Congress on
Medical Virology. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994 May;107(5):
391-4.  

Qiu FX, Duan SX. Second International Conference on
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. Chin Med J
(Engl) 1993 Nov;106(11):864-6.  

Qu CF, Yang ZQ, Xiang JM. [Alternanthera philoxeroides
(Mavt.) Griseb protection against fetal epidemic
hemorrhagic fever virus infection in suckling mice].
Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih 1993 May;18(5):304-5,
320.  (Chi).  

Qu CF, Yang ZQ, Xiang JM. [Pathogenicity of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever virus in suckling mice]. Virol Sin
1990;5(2):157-61. (Chi).  

Qu Y, et al. [Study of T cell subtypes in patients with
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Kuo I Ko Ta Hsueh
Hsueh Pao 1990;19(1):46-9. (Chi).  

Quarterly Communicable Disease Review July to September
1993. From the PHLS Communicable Disease
Surveillance Centre. J Public Health Med 1994 Mar;
16(1):105-12.  

Rabaud C, May T, Hoen B, Maignan M, Gerard A, Canton
P. Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with hantavirus
infection [letter]. Clin Infect Dis 1995 Feb;20(2):477-8.  

Rand MS. Hantavirus: an overview and update. Lab Anim
Sci 1994 Aug;44(4):301-4.  

Ravkov EV, Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, Nichol ST.
Genetic and serologic analysis of Black Creek Canal virus
and its association with human disease and Sigmodon
hispidus infection. Virology 1995;210(2):482-9. 

Rice P, Kudesia G, Leach M. Acute hantavirus infection
[letter]. J Infect 1993 Nov;27(3):342-4.  

Rodier G, Soliman AK, Bouloumie J, Kremer D. Presence of
antibodies to hantavirus in rat and human populations of
Djibouti. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993 Mar-Apr;
87(2):160-1.  

Rodriguez JA, Vaque J. [Hantavirus disease: an emerging
infection (editorial)]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1994
Dec;12(10):477-9. (Spa).  

Rodriguez Hernandez JA, Vaque Rafart J, Gurri Glass GE.
[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by
Hantavirus]. Med Clin (Barc) 1995 Jun 10;105(2):62-7. 

Rollin PE, Bowen MD, Kariwa H, Saluzzo JF, Guerard S,
Flechaire A, Coudrier D, Sureau P, Peters CJ, Nichol
ST. Short report: isolation and partial characterization of
a puumala virus from a human case of nephropathia
epidemica in France. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995;52(6):
577-8. 

Rollin PE, Courdrier D, Saluzzo JF, Sureau P. Hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in France update [abstract].
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):151-2. 40th
Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Rollin PE, Coudrier D, Sureau P. Hantavirus epidemic in
Europe, 1993 [letter]. Lancet 1994 Jan 8;343(8889):
115-6. Comment in: Lancet 1994 Apr 23;343(8904):
1038.  

Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Elliott LH, Ravkov EV, Martin ML,
Morzunov S, Livingstone W, Monroe M, Glass G, et al.
Isolation of black creek canal virus, a new hantavirus
from Sigmodon hispidus in Florida. J Med Virol 1995;
46(1):35-9.  

Roshchupkin VI, Suzdaltsev AA, Novomlintseva LN. [Reflex
delay of urination in a patient with hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Klin Med (Mosk) 1992 Mar-Apr;
70(3-4):68-9.  (Rus).  

Rumpf KW, Quentin E, Janning G, Krone B, Pfautsch C,
Scheler F, Thomssen R. [Hantaan virus infection--also in
Germany a cause of acute renal failure]. Med Klin 1990
Mar;85 Suppl 1:156-8.  (Ger).  

Ruo SL, Li YL, Tong Z, Ma QR, Liu ZL, Tang YW, Ye
KL, McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP, Xu ZY.
Retrospective and prospective studies of hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in rural China]. J Infect Dis
1994 Sep;170(3):527-34. Published erratum appears in 
J Infect Dis 1995 May;171(5):1386.

Ruo SL, Sanchez A, Elliott LH, Brammer LS, McCormick
JB, Fisher-Hoch SP. Monoclonal antibodies to three
strains of hantaviruses: Hantaan, R22, and Puumala.
Arch Virol 1991;119(1-2):1-11.  

Ruusala A, Persson R, Schmaljohn CS, Pettersson RF.
Coexpression of the membrane glycoproteins G1 and G2
of Hantaan virus is required for targeting to the Golgi
complex. Virology 1992 Jan;186(1):53-64.  

Saha H, Mustonen J, Pietila K, Pasternack A. Metabolism of
calcium and vitamin D3 in patients with acute
tubulointerstitial nephritis: a study of 41 patients with
nephropathia epidemica. Nephron 1993;63(2):159-63.  

Saltevo J, Forslund T. [Epidemic nephritis followed by
hypogonadism]. Duodecim 1992;108(5):494-6.  (Fin).  

Samuel MC, Zeitz PS, Cheek JE, Butler J, Childs J,
Voorhees R. Methodologic issues in assessing risk factors
for hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the
Southwestern United States [abstract]. Am J Epidemiol
1994;139(11 Suppl):S34. 27th Annual Meeting of the
Society for Epidemiologic Research; 1994 Jun 15-18;
Miami.

Sands L, Kioski C, Komatsu K. Hantavirus in the
southwestern United States: epidemiology of an emerging
pathogen. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1993 Dec;93(12):
1279-85. Comment in: J Am Osteopath Assoc 1993 Dec;
93(12):1252, 1255.  

Schmaljohn AL, Li D, Negley DL, Bressler DS, Turell MJ,
Korch GW, Ascher MS, Schmaljohn CS. Isolation and
initial characterization of a newfound hantavirus from
California. Virology 1995 Feb 1;206(2):963-72.  

Schmaljohn CS. Nucleotide sequence of the L genome
segment of Hantaan virus. Nucleic Acids Res 1990 
Nov 25;18(22):6728.  

Schmaljohn CS, Chu YK, Schmaljohn AL, Dalrymple JM.
Antigenic subunits of Hantaan virus expressed by
baculovirus and vaccinia virus recombinants. J Virol
1990 Jul;64(7):3162-70.  

Schmaljohn CS, Hasty SE, Dalrymple JM. Preparation of
candidate vaccinia-vectored vaccines for haemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome. Vaccine 1992;10(1):10-3.  

Schmaljohn CS, McClain DJ. Prospects for immunization to
hantaviruses [abstract]. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1995;19A:
280. Keystone Symposium on Molecular Aspects of Viral
Immunity; 1995 Jan 16-23; Keystone, CO.

Schreiber M, Laue T, Wolff C. Hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome in Germany [letter]. Lancet 1996 Feb 3;
347(8997):336-7. 

Schubert U, Metzler B, Braun B. [Hantavirus nephritis:
endemic in the Reutlingen area]. Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena)
1991 Nov 25;85(22):1107-9.  (Ger).  

Schuldt C, Zoller L, Bautz EK, Darai G. Baculovirus
expression of the nucleocapsid protein of a Puumala
serotype hantavirus. Virus Genes 1994 Mar;8(2):143-9.  

Schwarz TF, Zaki SR, Morzunov S, Peters CJ, Nichol ST.
Detection and sequence confirmation of Sin Nombre virus
RNA in paraffin-embedded human tissues using one-step
RT-PCR. J Virol Methods 1995 Feb;51(2-3):349-56.  

Serikawa T, Yamada J. [Report on detection of rats and
humans with HFRS antibody in the Faculty of Medicine,
Kyoto University and on measures taken against the
trouble]. Jikken Dobutsu 1993 Oct;42(4):665-71.  (Jpn).  

Settergren B. Hantavirus infection and renal failure [letter].
Lancet 1991 Mar 2;337(8740):549-50. Comment on:
Lancet 1990 Dec 8;336(8728):1441-2. Comment in:
Lancet 1991 Apr 20;337(8747):986.  

Settergren B. Nephropathia epidemica (hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome) in Scandinavia. Rev Infect Dis 1991
Jul-Aug;13(4):736-44.  

Setterhgren B. [Pulmonary syndrome caused by hantavirus--a
new syndrome with high mortality]. Nord Med 1994;
109(3):84.  (Swe).  

Settergren B, Ahlm C, Juto P, Niklasson B. Specific Puumala
IgG virus half a century after haemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome [letter]. Lancet 1991 Jul 6;338(8758):66.
Comment in: Lancet 1991 Nov 16;338(8777):1277.  

Settergren B, Boman J, Linderholm M, Wistrom J, Hagg E,
Arvidsson PA. A case of nephropathia epidemica
associated with panhypopituitarism and nephrotic
syndrome [letter]. Nephron 1992;61(2):234-5.  

Settergren B, Juto P. [Vole fever. A European type of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Lakartidningen
1993 Sep 1;90(35):2875-8.  (Swe).  

Settergren B, Leschinskaya E, Zagidullin I, Fazlyeva R,
Khunafina D, Niklasson B. Hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome: comparison of clinical course in Sweden and
in the Western Soviet Union. Scand J Infect Dis 1991;
23(5):549-52.  

Settergren B, Trollfors B, Fasth A, Hultberg B, Norrby SR.
Glomerular filtration rate and tubular involvement during
acute disease and convalescence in patients with
nephropathia epidemica. J Infect Dis 1990 Apr;161(4):
716-20.  

Seyer-Hansen K. [Hantaan virus infections (letter)]. Ugeskr
Laeger 1990 Nov 19;152(47):3545.  (Dan).  

Shapiro IA. [Electrolyte excretion in patients with a history of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Urol Nefrol
(Mosk) 1990 Jan-Feb;(1):10-2.  (Rus).  

Sharaev PN, Botnikova EA, Ivanov VM, Zubarev ON,
Malinin OV, Zubkova SV. [The determination of free and
bound oxyproline in urine]. Lab Delo 1990;(12):23-5. 
(Rus).  

Shefer AM, Tappero JW, Bresee JS, Peters CJ, Ascher MS,
Zaki SR, Jackson RJ, Werner SB, Rollin PE, Ksiazek
TG, et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in California:
report of two cases and investigation. Clin Infect Dis
1994;19(6):1105-9. 

Shen KQ. [Detection of hemorrhagic fever virus-RNA in
renal tissue and peripheral blood in patients with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Chung Hua I
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993 Oct;73(10):609-11, 638.  (Chi).  

Shi L, Hang C, Li D, Yuan J, Jin D, Song G. [Molecular
cloning and sequencing of the M genome segment of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus R22 strain]. Ping Tu
Shueh Pao 1991;7(4):295-302. (Chi).  

Shirapova MS, Kozlov IV, Novikova AV, Eremin VI.
[Clinico-morphological features of the stomach in subjects
who had hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Ross
Med Zh 1992;(3):31-2.  (Rus).  

Siamopoulos KC. Virus-related acute renal failure. The
clinical course and outcome of haemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994;
9 Suppl 4:111-5.  

Siamopoulos KC. Virus-related acute renal failure: the
clinical course and outcome of hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome. Ren Fail 1994;16(3):303-12.  

Siamopoulos KC, Elisaf M, Antoniades A, Moutsopoulos
HM. Clinical picture and epidemiological survey of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Greece
[abstract]. Microb Ecol Health Dis 1991;4(4):250-1. 

Siamopoulos KC, Elisaf M, Antoniadis A, Moutsopoulos
HM. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in an
endemic area of Greece. Am J Nephrol 1992;12(3):
170-3.  

Sidelnikov IuN. [Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
the structure of natural-focus morbidity in the southern
Khabarovsk Territory and its social significance]. Zh
Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1993 Sep-Oct;(5):43-6. 
(Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Anisimova NI. [The mechanisms of the
development of tissue hypoxia and the criteria for its
assessment in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Ter Arkh 1991;63(11):68-70.  (Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Kovalskii GS, Sivoraksha GA. [Pulmonary
edema in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Klin Med (Mosk) 1992 Feb;70(2):98-100. 
(Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Obukhova GG. [Component of kinin system,
blood histamine and serotonin in patients with
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Vopr Med
Khim 1990 Jul-Aug;36(4):47-9.  (Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Obukhova GG. [Disruption of the balance of
amino acids in patients with hemorrhagic fever with
kidney syndrome]. Vopr Med Khim 1994 Jan-Feb;40(1):
44-7.  (Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Obukhova GG. [The role of biologically
active substances in permeability changes in the blood
vessels of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Ter Arkh 1990;62(6):66-8.  (Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Obukhova GG. [The urinary excretion of
free amino acids in patients with hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1994 May-Jun;
(3):37-9.  (Rus).  

Sidelnikov IuN, Sivoraksha GA. [The participation of
histamine and serotonin in the genesis of acute kidney
failure in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1990 Jul-Aug;(4):46-8. 
(Rus).  

Silberberg L, Rollin PE, Kerouani G, Courdrier D.
Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pregnancy:
a case report. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jan-Feb;
87(1):65.  

Simonsen L, Dalton MJ, Breiman RF, Hennessy T, Umland
ET, Sewell CM, Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ.
Evaluation of the magnitude of the 1993 hantavirus
outbreak in the southwestern United States. J Infect Dis
1995 Sep;172(3):729-33. 

Simonsen L, Schmidt MJ, Hennesey T, Umland E, Sewell
M, Rollin PE, Peters CJ, Ksiazek TG, Breiman R. Is
there a mild course of hantaviral illness? [abstract]. Am J
Epidemiol 1994;139(11 Suppl):S82. 27th Annual Meeting
of the Society for Epidemiologic Research; 1994 Jun
15-18; Miami.

Sinnott JT 4th, Greene JN, Kim E, Gompf S. Hantavirus: an
old bug learns new tricks. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
1993 Nov;14(11):661-4.  

Sirotin BZ, Davidovich IM, Fedorchenko IuL, Uskin VN.
[The dicynone treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome]. Voen Med Zh 1994 Aug;(8):41-2.  (Rus).  

Sirotin BZ, Davidovich IM, Fedorchenko IuL, Ushkin VN.
[Experience in the use of dicinon in the treatment of
patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Klin Med (Mosk) 1994;72(6):66.  (Rus).  

Sirotin BZ, Zharskii SL, Shapiro IA. [The renal transport of
sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus in patients
with a history of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Ter Arkh 1994;66(12):42-4.  (Rus).  

Slama TG, Zon R. Fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in
Indiana [letter]. N Engl J Med 1994 Apr 7;330(14):1010.
Comment in: N Engl J Med 1994 Aug 25;331(8):545;
discussion 547-8.  

Slonova RA, Kushnarev EL, Kosoi ME, Astakhova TI,
Kushnareva TV, Bondarenko AN. [The nature of the
persistence of the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome in the body of its natural host and its
relationship to the epizootiologic and epidemic processes].
Vopr Virusol 1990 May-Jun;35(3):250-3.  (Rus).  

Slonova RA, Tkachenko EA, Astakhova TI, Dzagurova TK.
[Hantaan virus serotypes circulating in foci of the Far
Eastern region of the USSR]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Sep-Oct;
35(5):391-3.  (Rus).  

Slonova RA, Tkachenko EA, Kushnarev EL, Dzagurova TK,
Astakova TI. Hantavirus isolation from birds [letter].
Acta Virol 1992 Oct;36(5):493.  

Smetana Z, Mendelson E, Soupaev Z, Smetana SS.
Serological survey of hantavirus antibodies in chronic
hemodialysis patients [letter]. Clin Nephrol 1994 Sep;
42(3):203-4.  

Song G, Hang CS, Huang YC, Hou FY. Preliminary trials of
inactivated vaccine against haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome [letter]. Lancet 1991 Mar 30;337(8744):801.  

Song G, Huang YC, Hang CS, Hao FY, Li DX, Zheng XL,
Liu WM, Li SL, Huo ZW, Huei LJ, et al. Preliminary
human trial of inactivated golden hamster kidney cell
(GHKC) vaccine against haemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome (HFRS). Vaccine 1992;10(4):214-6.  

Song JW, Baek LJ, Gajdusek DC, Yanagihara R,
Gavrilovskaya I, Luft BJ, Mackow ER, Hjelle B.
Isolation of pathogenic hantavirus from white-footed
mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) [letter]. Lancet 1994 
Dec 10;344(8937):1637.  

Song X. [Effect of moxibustion on the immune and anti-virus
functions of the rat infected with epidemic hemorrhagic
fever virus]. Chen Tzu Yen Chiu 1992;17(4):267-9. 
(Chi).  

Song Y, Yang WS, Chen LB, Zhang WB. [Dynamic changes
and significance of plasma fibronectin level in patients
with epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh
Hsueh Pao 1990;11(3):176-8.  (Chi).

Spiropoulou CF, Morzunov S, Feldmann H, Sanchez A,
Peters CJ, Nichol ST. Genome structure and variability of
a virus causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Virology
1994 May 1;200(2):715-23.  

Stallknecht DE, Blue JL, Rollor EA 3d, Nettles VF,
Davidson WR, Pearson JE. Precipitating antibodies to
epizootic hemorrhagic disease and bluetongue viruses in
white-tailed deer in the southeastern United States. 
J Wildl Dis 1991 Apr;27(2):238-47.  

Stallknecht DE, Kellogg ML, Blue JL, Pearson JE.
Antibodies to bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic
disease viruses in a barrier island white-tailed deer
population. J Wildl Dis 1991 Oct;27(4):668-74.  

Stanford CF, Connolly JH, Ellis WA, Smyth ET, Coyle PV,
Montgomery WI, Simpson DI. Zoonotic infections in
Northern Ireland farmers. Epidemiol Infect 1990 Dec;
105(3):565-70.  

Steier KJ, Clay R. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS):
report of first case in Louisiana. J Am Osteopath Assoc
1993 Dec;93(12):1286-9. Comment in: J Am Osteopath
Assoc 1993 Dec;93(12):1252, 1255.  

Stephen C, Johnson M, Bell A. [First reported cases of
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Canada]. Can
Commun Dis Rep 1994 Aug 15;20(15):121-5.  (Fre).  

Stohwasser R, Giebel LB, Raab K, Bautz EKF, Darai G.
Polymerase chain reaction for detection of hantaviruses.
In: Becker Y, Darai G, editors. Diagnosis of human
viruses by polymerase chain reaction technology. Berlin:
Springer-Verlag; 1992. p. 372-88. (Frontiers of virology;
1).

Stohwasser R, Giebel LB, Zoller L, Bautz EK, Darai G.
Molecular characterization of the RNA S segment of
nephropathia epidemica virus strain Hallnas B1. Virology
1990 Jan;174(1):79-86.  

Stone R. The mouse-pinon nut connection [news]. Science
1993 Nov 5;262(5135):833.  

Stone R. A rogues' gallery of hantaviruses [news]. Science
1993 Nov 5;262(5135):835.  

Strobel ES, Keller E, Schollmeyer P. [Acute nephritis caused
by Hantaan virus infection (letter)]. Med Klin 1991 
Jun 15;86(6):330.  (Ger).  

Sugiyama K, Minaba K, Morita C, Kitamura H, Yamada T,
Ogura K, Tanaka R, Tanikawa T, Shiga S, Komatsu T, et
al. Epizootiological study of hantavirus infection among
Rattus norvegicus in Tokyo Bay area, Japan. Jpn J Med
Sci Biol 1993 Apr;46(2):75-86.  

Sugiyama K, Takagi K, Kinjo T, Nakata Y, Komatsu T,
Kitamura T. Isolation and characterization of a hantavirus
from Rattus norvegicus in a residential area of Nagoya
City, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 1995 Feb;57(1):51-4.  

Suh DC, Park JS, Park SK, Lee HK, Chang KH. Pituitary
hemorrhage as a complication of hantaviral disease.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995 Jan;16(1):175-8;
discussion 179-80.  

Sun KY. [Care of epidemic hemorrhagic fever complicated
by bradycardia]. Chung Hua Hu Li Tsa Chih 1994 Feb 5;
29(2):82-3.  (Chi).  

Sun ZJ, Huang XH, Wang MX. [Functional changes of
hypothalamic-pituitary target gland axes and their clinical
significance]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1993 Nov;
32(11):729-32.  (Chi).  

Takeuchi T, Yamamoto T, Itoh M, Tsukada K, Yasue N,
Lee HW. Clinical studies on hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome found in Nagoya City University Medical
School. Kidney Int Suppl 1991 Dec;35:S84-7.  

Taller AM, Xiao SY, Godec MS, Gligic A, Avsic-Zupanc T,
Goldfarb LG, Yanagihara R, Asher DM. Belgrade virus,
a cause of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the
Balkans, is closely related to Dobrava virus of field mice.
J Infect Dis 1993 Sep;168(3):750-3.  

Talwar GP, Rao KV, Chauhan VS, editors. Recombinant and
synthetic vaccines. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1994. 512 p.  

Tamura M, Ogino S, Matsunaga T, Asada H, Kondo K,
Kurata T, Yamanishi K. Experimental labyrinthitis in
guinea pigs caused by a hantavirus. ORL J
Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1991;53(1):1-5.  

Tang YM, Yang WS, Zhang WB, Bai XF. Localization and
changes of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus
in lymphocyte subpopulation. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991
Aug;104(8):673-8.  

Tang YW, Li YL, Ye KL, Xu ZY, Ruo SL, Fisher-Hoch SP,
McCormick JB. Distribution of hantavirus serotypes
Hantaan and Seoul causing hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome and identification by hemagglutination
inhibition assay. J Clin Microbiol 1991 Sep;29(9):1924-7. 

Tang YW, Ruo SL, Xu X, Sanchez A, Fisher-Hoch SP,
McCormick JB, Xu ZY. Hantavirus strains isolated from
rodentia and insectivora in rural China differentiated by
polymerase chain reaction assay. Arch Virol 1990;
115(1-2):37-46. Published erratum appears in Arch Virol
1991;117(3-4):316. 

Tang Z. [Effect of moxibustion on humoral factors in the rat
infected with epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus]. Chen
Tzu Yen Chiu 1992;17(4):276-80.  (Chi).  

Tang Z, Song X, Liu B, Zhou M, Dong C, Ni D.
[Experiment research on moxibustion treating infected
EHFV rat]. Chen Tzu Yen Chiu 1990;15(4):302-5. 
(Chi).  

Tang Z, Song X, Zhou M, Zhang J, Dong C, Ni D.
[Influence of moxibustion on TXA2 and PGI2 in plasma
of rat infected epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus
(EHFV)]. Chen Tzu Yen Chiu 1992;17(1):45-7, 44. 
(Chi).  

Tang ZJ. [A combined staining of immunohistochemistry and
in situ hybridization for detecting epidemic hemorrhagic
fever virus in tissue section]. Chung Hua Ping Li Hsueh
Tsa Chih 1993 Jun;22(3):140-2.  (Chi).  

Tantivanich S, Ayuthaya PI, Usawattanakul W, Imphand P.
Hantaanvirus among urban rats from a slum area in
Bangkok. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1992 Sep;23(3):504-9.  

Temonen M, Lankinen H, Vapalahti O, Ronni T, Julkunen I,
Vaheri A. Effect of interferon-alpha and cell
differentiation on Puumala virus infection in human
monocyte/macrophages. Virology 1995 Jan 10;206(1):
8-15.  

Temonen M, Mustonen J, Helin H, Pasternack A, Vaheri A,
Holthofer H. Cytokines, adhesion molecules, and cellular
infiltration in nephropathia epidemica kidneys: an
immunohistochemical study. Clin Immunol Immunopathol
1996 Jan;78(1):47-55. 

Temonen M, Vapalahti O, Holthofer H, Brummer-
Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A, Lankinen H. Susceptibility of
human cells to Puumala virus infection. J Gen Virol 1993
Mar;74(Pt 3):515-8.  

Tennstedt C, Wunschmann S, Schmitz H, Schreiber M.
[Pathological-anatomical findings after serologic and
molecular biologic evidence of Hantaan virus infection].
Zentralbl Pathol 1994 Jul;140(2):173-80.  (Ger).  

Thomas R. Hantavirus: quick and deadly. RN 1994 Aug;
57(8):44-7; quiz 48.  

Tkachenko EA, Lee HW. Etiology and epidemiology of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Kidney Int Suppl
1991 Dec;35:S54-61.  

Torrez-Martinez N, Song W, Hjelle B. Nucleotide sequence
analysis of the M genomic segment of El Moro Canyon
hantavirus: Antigenic distinction from Four Corners
hantavirus. Virology 1995;211(1):336-8. 

Tsianos EV, Dalekos GN, Elisaf M, Zervou E, Siamopoulos
KC. High frequency of antibodies to Hantaan virus and
hepatitis C virus in chronic haemodialysis patients.
Coincidence or cross- reaction? J Intern Med 1993 Dec;
234(6):607-10.  

Turell MJ, Korch GW, Rossi CA, Sesline D, Enge BA,
Dondero DV, Jay M, Ludwig GV, Li D, Schmaljohn CS,
et al. Short report: prevalence of hantavirus infection in
rodents associated with two fatal human infections in
California. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Feb;52(2):180-2.  

Turkovic B, Svoboda-Bevsan I. [Lymphocyte population
changes in haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Vet
Arh 1991;61(1):25-31. (Scr).  

Unexplained respiratory distress syndrome in the south-west
of the United States. Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly 1993
Jun 18;3(25):111.  

Update: hantavirus disease--southwestern United States,
1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Jul 30;
42(29):570-2.  

Update: hantavirus disease--United States, 1993. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Aug 13;42(31):612-4.  

[Update: hantavirus disease--United States, 1993]. Can
Commun Dis Rep 1993 Sep 30;19(18):157-8.  (Fre).  

Update: hantavirus infection--United States, 1993. MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Jul 9;42(26):517-9.  

Update: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--United States,
1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Oct 29;
42(42):816-20.  

Update: hantavirus-associated illness--North Dakota, 1993.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1993 Sep 17;
42(36):707.  

Update: outbreak of hantavirus infection--southwestern
United States, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1993 Jun 18;42(23):441-3.  

Update: outbreak of hantavirus infection--southwestern
United States, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1993 Jun 25;42(24):477-9.  

Update: outbreak of hantavirus infection--southwestern
United States, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1993 Jul 2;42(25):495-6.  

Ushijima H, Dairaku M, Honma H, Sato K, Sugiyama K,
Kitamura T, Inaba N. Incidence of antibodies against
human immunodeficiency virus, human T-cell
lymphotropic virus type 1, hepatitis B virus, hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome virus and Chlamydia in Tonga
and western Samoa. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 1990 Aug;43(4):
101-9.  

Vaheri A, Hedman K, Vapalahti O, Kallio-Kokko H,
Piiparinen H, Temonen M, Brummer-Korvenkontio M.
Rapid diagnosis of hantavirus infections. Biotecnol Apl
1992;9(1):16-21. 

Valiakhmetov RZ, Gafarov AI, Memkhes VS, Galimzianov
VZ. [Spontaneous rupture of the kidneys in hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome]. Urol Nefrol (Mosk) 1990
Nov-Dec;(6):50-3.  (Rus).  

Van Der Groen G. Hantavirus variation and disease
distribution. In: Kurstak E et al., editors. Virus
variability, epidemiology, and control. New York:
Plenum Publishing; 1990. p. 317-34. (Applied virology
research; vol. 2.)

van Ypersele de Strihou C. Clinical features of hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in Europe. Kidney Int Suppl
1991 Dec;35:S80-3.  

Vapalahti O, Kallio-Kokko H, Narvanen A, Julkunen I,
Lundkvist A, Plyusnin A, Lehvaslaiho H,
Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A, Lankinen H.
Human B-cell epitopes of puumala virus nucleocapsid
protein, the major antigen in early serological response. 
J Med Virol 1995;46(4):293-303. 

Vapalahti O, Kallio-Kokko H, Salonen EM, Brummer-
Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A. Cloning and sequencing of
Puumala virus Sotkamo strain S and M RNA segments:
evidence for strain variation in hantaviruses and
expression of the nucleocapsid protein. J Gen Virol 1992
Apr;73(Pt 4):829-38. 

Vapalahti O, Plyusnin A, Vaheri A, Henttonen H. Hantavirus
antibodies in European mammalogists [letter]. Lancet
1995 Jun 17;345(8964):1569.  

Vasconcelos PFC, Rosa ESTD, Rosa APATD, Rosa JFSTD.
[Evidence of circulating hantaviruses in Brazilian
Amazonia through high prevalence of antibodies in
residents of Manaus Brazil]. Cienc Cult 1992;44(2-3):
162-3. (Por).  

Vereta LA, Elisova TD, Voronkova GM. [The detection of
antibodies to the hantaan virus in the urine of patients
with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Vopr
Virusol 1993 Jan-Feb;38(1):18-21.  (Rus).  

Virus-Related Renal Diseases. Kidney Int Suppl Dec 1991;
(35):S1-93. Satellite symposium to the 11th International
Congress of Nephrology; 1990 Jul 22-24; Kyongju,
Korea.

Vitarana T. Hantavirus disease. Ceylon Med J 1994 Jun;
39(2):63-6.  

Wan H, Yang S, Hu J. [The alteration of plasma total protein
and albumin in epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Acta Acad
Med Hubei 1992;13(2):113-5. (Chi).  

Wang G. [Role of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in the
pathophysiology of epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung
Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 1990 Jul;70(7):398-400. 
(Chi).  

Wang GQ. [A study on transmission of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever virus through skin wounds among
rodents in natural conditions]. Chung Hua Yu Fang I
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992 May;26(3):151-3.  (Chi).  

Wang GQ, Zou ZZ, Yu DP. [A study of the role of plasma
thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha in
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa
Chih 1990 Mar;29(3):138-40, 188.  (Chi).  

Wang HT, Xu ZK, Wei YB, Li WH, Tu XL, Wang MX.
[Comparison of a capture-ELISA and a ELISA indirect
sandwich method in detection of IgM antibody in HFRS
patient's sera]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1990;
3(11):115-7.  (Chi).  

Wang M, Pennock DG, Spik KW, Schmaljohn CS. Epitope
mapping studies with neutralizing and non-neutralizing
monoclonal antibodies to the G1 and G2 envelope
glycoproteins of Hantaan virus. Virology 1993 Dec;
197(2):757-66.  

Wang M, Rossi C, Schmaljohn CS. Expression of
non-conserved regions of the S genome segments of three
hantaviruses: evaluation of the expressed polypeptides for
diagnosis of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. 
J Gen Virol 1993 Jun;74(Pt 6):1115-24.  

Wang SQ, Feng M, Yang L. [Electron microscopic study on
the petechial hemorrhagic spots in patients with epidemic
hemorrhage fever (EHF)]. Chung-hua Ping Li Hsueh Tsa
Chih 1994 Dec;23(6):361-3.  (Chi).  

Wang X, Dong C, Xiang J. [Studies on the anion gap of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever V. Effects of intravenous
ribavirin therapy on the changes of anion gap of patients
with epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Acta Acad Med Hubei
1994;15(3):247-9. (Chi).  

Wang X, et al. [Studies on anion gap of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever I. The kinetic alterations of anion gap
of EHF]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1990;11(4):285-9. (Chi). 

Wang X, et al. [Studies on anion gap of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever I. The mechanism and clinical value of
the decrease of anion gap in EHF]. Acta Acad Med Hubei
1991;12(1):1-4. (Chi).  

Wang Z, Xing S, Li P. [A light-microscopic and
immunohistochemical study in testis tissue from
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome autopsies]. Chung
Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1995 Mar;75(3):147-8, 189-90. 
(Chi).  

Wangel AG, Temonen M, Brummer-Korvenkontio M,
Vaheri A. Anti-endothelial cell antibodies in nephropathia
epidemica and other viral diseases. Clin Exp Immunol
1992 Oct;90(1):13-7.  

Warner GS. Hantavirus illness in humans: review and
update. South Med J 1996 Mar;89(3):264-71. 

Weigler BJ. Zoonotic hantaviruses; new concerns for the
United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1995 Apr 1; 206(7):
979-86.  

Weissenbacher MC, Merani MS, Hodara VL, de Villafane
G, Gajdusek DC, Chu YK, Lee HW. Hantavirus infection
in laboratory and wild rodents in Argentina. Medicina (B
Aires) 1990;50(1):43-6.  

Wenzel RP. A new hantavirus infection in North America
[editorial]. N Engl J Med 1994 Apr 7;330(14):1004-5. 
Comment on: N Engl J Med 1994 Apr 7;330(14):949-55.  

Wiecek A, Zeier M, Ritz E. Role of infection in the genesis
of acute renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994;
9 Suppl 4:40-4. 

Wiger D, Borsting IE, Mehl R, Niklasson B, Berdal BP.
[Early serological diagnosis of nephropathia epidemica].
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1991 Nov 10;111(27):3279-82. 
(Nor).  

Wilson C, Hjelle B, Jenison S. Probable hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome that occurred in New Mexico in
1975 [letter]. Ann Intern Med 1994 May 1;120(9):813.  

Wilson ML, Tesh RB, Fish D, Gerber MA, Magnarelli LA,
Feder HM Jr, Shapiro ED. Evidence of hantavirus
infection in rodents and human beings from Connecticut
and New York, USA [letter]. Lancet 1995 Mar 18;
345(8951):738.  

Wolf C, Michel N, Ottavioli JN, Dion JJ, Favriel JM.
[Epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in the Ardennes region (letter)]. Presse Med 1990 Sep 15;
19(29):1369.  (Fre).  

World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western
Pacific, Working Group on the Development of a Rapid
Diagnostic Method and Vaccine for Haemorrhagic Fever
with Renal Syndrome. Report; 1991 Sep 26-8; Seoul.
Manila: The Regional Office; 1992. 18 p.  

Wu G. [Leptotrombidium scutellare in transmission of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus]. Chung Hua I Hsueh
Tsa Chih (Taipei) 1992 Aug;72(8):481-3, 510.  (Chi).  

Wu G, Li F, Li P, Li J, Ruan C. Detection of activated
platelets using activation-dependent monoclonal antibody
(SZ-51) in clinical disorders. Nouv Rev Fr Hematol 1992;
34(1):31-5.  

Wu GH. [Progress in the study on the transmission routes of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1995 Apr;16(3):171-4.  (Chi).

Wu TN, Chin C, Shen CY, Chang PY. Hantavirus infection
in Taiwan [letter]. Lancet 1996 Mar 16; 347(9003):770-1. 

Xiang LB, Zhang ZY, Chen JM, Xiang JM, Cosgriff TM.
Epidemic hemorrhagic fever. The mechanism of
coagulation and fibrinolysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990
May;103(5):391-5.  

Xiao S, Qi T, Li C, et al. [Direct ELISA for the early
diagnosis of HFRS]. Hsi An I Ko Ta Huseh Hsueh Pao
1992;13(3):237-40. (Chi).  

Xiao SY, Chu YK, Knauert FK, Lofts R, Dalrymple JM,
LeDuc JW. Comparison of hantavirus isolates using a
genus-reactive primer pair polymerase chain reaction. 
J Gen Virol 1992 Mar;73(Pt 3):567-73. Published erratum
appears in J Gen Virol 1992 Jun;73(Pt 6):1601. 

Xiao SY, Diglisic G, Avsic-Zupanc T, LeDuc JW. Dobrava
virus as a new hantavirus: evidenced by comparative
sequence analysis. J Med Virol 1993 Feb;39(2):152-5.  

Xiao SY, Leduc JW. Direct amplification of hantaviruses
from human serum by polymerase chain reaction
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;64(3 Suppl):174.
40th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Xiao SY, Leduc JW, Chu Yong Kyu, Schmaljohn CS.
Phylogenetic analyses of virus isolates in the genus
Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. Virology 1994;
198(1):205-17.  

Xiao SY, Liang M, Schmaljohn CS. Molecular and antigenic
characterization of HV114, a hantavirus isolated from a
patient with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in
China. J Gen Virol 1993 Aug;74(Pt 8):1657-9.  

Xiao SY, Spik KW, Li D, Schmaljohn CS. Nucleotide and
deduced amino acid sequences of the M and S genome
segments of two Puumala virus isolates from Russia.
Virus Res 1993 Oct;30(1):97-103.  

Xiao SY, Yanagihara R, Godec MS, Eldadah ZA, JohnsonBK, 
Gajdusek DC, Asher DM. Detection of hantavirus
RNA in tissues of experimentally infected mice using
reverse transcriptase-directed polymerase chain reaction.
J Med Virol 1991 Apr;33(4):277-82.  

Xing R, Yi X, Guang-Min L, Yuan-Wen W. Naloxone for
haemorrhagic fever shock? [letter]. Trop Doct 1990 Apr;
20(2):72-3.  

Xiong HB. [The cohort study on HFRSV antibody variation
in normal population of an epidemic area]. Chung Hua
Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990 Aug;11(4):209-11. 
(Chi).  

Xiong JG. [A ten-year retrospective investigation of serum
against EHF antibodies in Nanchong District, Sichuan].
Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990 Nov;24(6):
354-5.  (Chi).  

Xu H. [Preliminary establishment of hybridoma secreting
monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies to hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome virus]. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih
(Taipei) 1990 Apr;70(4):214-7.  (Chi).  

Xu H, Liu JB, Wang MX, Xue CF, An XL. [Detection of
specific antigen receptors on peripheral blood
lymphocytes from HFRS patients by monoclonal anti-
idiotypic antibodies]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao
1990;3(11):157.  (Chi).  

Xu H, Wang MX, Xue CF, An XL. [Detection of antibodies
to HFRS virus by enzyme-labelled monoclonal antibodies
against immunoglobulin]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh
Pao 1990;3(11):156.  (Chi).  

Xu H, Yang W, Cui L. [The study on ELISA methods for
detection of specific antibodies against hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome virus in rat sera]. Chung Hua Liu
Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 Aug;15(4):227-30. 
(Chi).  

Xu HF, Yang WS, Liang Z. [Preparation and antigenic
characterization of rat monoclonal antibodies against
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus]. Chung
Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 Apr;74(4):231-4, 255-6. 
(Chi).  

Xu X, Ruo SL, McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP. Immunity
to hantavirus challenge in Meriones unguiculatus induced
by vaccinia-vectored viral proteins. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1992 Oct;47(4):397-404.  

Xu XA, Ruo SL, Tang YW, Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick
JB. Molecular characterization and expression of
glycoprotein gene of hantavirus R22 strain isolated from
Rattus norvegicus in China. Virus Res 1991 Sep;21(1):
35-52.  

Xu XT, Jing PT, Wang CL. [Clinical study and
immunological observation on potenlini treatment of
epidemic hemorrhage fever]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa
Chih 1990 Dec;29(12):739-41, 766.  (Chi).  

Yamada T, Hjelle B, Lanzi R, Morris C, Anderson B,
Jenison S. Antibody responses to Four Corners
hantavirus infections in the deer mouse (Peromyscus
maniculatus): identification of an immunodominant region
of the viral nucleocapsid protein. J Virol 1995 Mar;69(3):
1939-43.  

Yanagihara R. Hantavirus infection in the United States:
epizootiology and epidemiology. Rev Infect Dis 1990
May-Jun;12(3):449-57.  

Yanagihara R, Silverman DJ. Experimental infection of
human vascular endothelial cells by pathogenic and
nonpathogenic hantaviruses. Arch Virol 1990;111(3-4):
281-6.  

Yang CW, Bang BK. [Changes of serum levels of tumor
necrosis factor-alpha in patients with hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Katollik Taehak Uihakpu
Nonmunjip 1992;45(3):819-30. (Kor).  

Yang DL, et al. [Specific IGE type and IGD type circulating
immune complexes in sera of patients with epidemic
hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh
Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993;13(3):137-9. (Chi).  

Yang S, et al. [The alteration and clinical significance of
determination on SGOT in epidemic hemorrhagic fever].
Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;12(3):238-40. (Chi).  

Yang S, Liu Y, Zhang J, Shang G, Yan P, Hu M. [In situ
hybridization detection of hantavirus M and S RNA in
autopsy tissues of the patients with hemorrhagic fever
with renal syndrome]. Virol Sin 1995;10(1):48-55. (Chi).  

Yang SJ, Lin YF, Han YP, Xiu ZK. [Viral inclusion bodies
in the autopsy tissues of patients with epidemic
hemorrhagic fever]. Virol Sin 1992;7(3):246-52. (Chi).  

Yang WS, Yao ZQ, Zhang WB, Bai XF. [Localization of
epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus in central nervous
system of epidemic hemorrhagic fever patients]. Ti 4
Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1990;3(11):112-4. (Chi).  

Yang Z. [Serotyping of patients with epidemic hemorrhagic
fever (EHF) and serotyping and antigen typing of main
hosts of EHF in Shandong province]. Chung Hua Liu
Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993 Feb;14(1):41-4.  (Chi).  

Yang Z, et al. [Report of the oliguria phase laboratory results
and manifestation of 15 cases with EHF]. Acta Acad Med
Hubei 1990;11(1):48-51. (Chi).  

Yang Z, Huggins JW, Smith JI. [Characteristics of the
propagation of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus Hantaan
virus in vero-E-6 cells]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;
12(4):308-11. (Chi).  

Yang Z, Li Z, Yang P, Liu W, Zhao W, Li D, Hang C.
[Detection of the epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus
(hantanvirus) RNA genome with a biotin-labeled probe by
dot hybridization]. Bingduxue Zazhi 1991;6(4):320-3.
(Chi).  

Yang ZQ, Zhang TM, Zhang MV, Zheng ZM, Hu ZJ, Qu
CF, Xiang JM, Huggins JW, Cosgriff TM, Smith JI.
Interruption study of viremia of patients with hemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome in the febrile phase. Chin Med
J (Engl) 1991 Feb;104(2):149-53.  

Yao JS, Arikawa J, Kariwa H, Yoshimatsu K, Takashima I,
Hashimoto N. Effect of neutralizing monoclonal
antibodies on Hantaan virus infection of the macrophage
P388D1 cell line. Jpn J Vet Res 1992 Sep;40(2-3):87-97.  

Yao JS, Kariwa H, Takashima I, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J,
Hashimoto N. Antibody-dependent enhancement of
hantavirus infection in macrophage cell lines. Arch Virol
1992;122(1-2):107-18.  

Yao XJ, et al. [Antibody-dependent enhancement of EHF
virus infection in cultured lymphocytes and
macrophages]. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho
Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992;12(4):210-3. (Chi).  

Yao Z, Yu Y, Zhao H, et al. [Characterization of a virus
strain isolated from HFRS patient's liver biopsy]. Chung
Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih
1995;15(2):110-2. (Chi).  

Yi JD. [Study of the cultured human endothelial cells infected
by epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus]. Chung Hua Ping
Li Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992 Jun;21(3):177-9.  (Chi).  

Yi X, Xing S. [Distribution of HFRSV antigen in old paraffin
sections from autopsy specimens by immunohistochemical
methods]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;12(2):126-9.
(Chi).  

Yi XP, Xing SF. [The distribution of epidemic hemorrhagic
fever (EHF) viral antigen in tissues from EHF autopsies].
Chung Hua Ping Li Hsueh Tsa Chih 1991 Jun;20(2):
110-2.  (Chi).  

Yoo KH, Choi Y. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
in Korean children. Korean Society of Pediatric
Nephrology. Pediatr Nephrol 1994 Oct;8(5):540-4.  

Yoo YC, Yoshimatsu K, Yoshida R, Tamura M, Azuma I,
Arikawa J. Comparison of virulence between Seoul virus
strain SR-11 and Hantaan virus strain 76-118 of
hantaviruses in newborn mice. Microbiol Immunol 1993;
37(7):557-62.  

Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Kariwa H. Application of a
recombinant baculovirus expressing hantavirus
nucleocapsid protein as a diagnostic antigen in IFA test:
cross reactivities among 3 serotypes of hantavirus which
causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). 
J Vet Med Sci 1993 Dec;55(6):1047-50.  

Yoshimatsu K, Yoo YC, Yoshida R, Ishihara C, Azuma I,
Arikawa J. Protective immunity of Hantaan virus
nucleocapsid and envelope protein studied using
baculovirus-expressed proteins. Arch Virol 1993;
130(3-4):365-76.  

Yu DP. [Therapy of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (editorial)].
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1993 Nov;32(11):723. 
(Chi).  

Yu DP, Wang GQ, Liu MC. [A study on pathogenesis and
therapy of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih 1992 Mar;31(3):163-6, 189. 
(Chi).  

Yu YX, Liu WX, Nei ZL. [Neutralizing antibody responses
in human immunized with M. gerbil kidney tissue culture
inactivated HFRS vaccine assessed by two methods].
Virol Sin 1992;7(2):176-80. (Chi).  

Yuan J, Huggins WS, Guan MY. [The study of rapid
calculation on clearance creatinine rate in normal and
epidemic hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa
Chih 1992 Nov;31(11):701-4, 731.  (Chi).  

Yue JS, et al. [Preliminary study on the clinical classification
of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in renal failure]. Hsi An I
Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1990;11(1):59-62. (Chi).  

Zaki SR, Albers RC, Greer PW, Coffield LM, Armstrong
LR, Khan AS, Khabbaz R, Peters CJ. Retrospective
diagnosis of a 1983 case of fatal hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome [letter]. Lancet 1994 Apr 23;343(8904):1037-8. 

Zaki SR, Greer PW, Coffield LM, Goldsmith CS, Nolte KB,
Foucar K, Feddersen RM, Zumwalt RE, Miller GL, Khan
AS, et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Pathogenesis
of an emerging infectious disease. Am J Pathol 1995 Mar;
146(3):552-79.  

Zeier M, Andrassy K, Zoller L, Ritz E. Hantavirus infection
presenting as acute renal failure [letter]. Lancet 1990 
Dec 8;336(8728):1441-2. Comment in: Lancet 1991 
Mar 2;337(8740):549-50.  

Zeier M, Clement J, LeFevre A, Dengler K, Andrassy K,
Ritz E. Hantavirus and hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome: epidemiological studies in southwest Germany
[abstract]. Kidney Int 1990;37(4):1169. 20th Congress of
the Society for Nephrology; 1989 Sep 17-20; Berne,
Switzerland.

Zeier M, Zoller L, Haussmann W, Andrassy K, Ritz E. [The
clinical picture and therapy of Hantaan virus infection].
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1990 Nov 2;115(44):1678-81. 
(Ger).  

Zeier M, Zoller L, Weinreich T, Padberg-Wolf E, Andrassy
K, Ritz E. Severe hemorrhagic complications from
infection with nephropathia epidemica strain of
hantavirus. Clin Nephrol 1992 Oct;38(4):190-2.  

Zeitz PS. Research defines the hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome [editorial]. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1993
Dec;93(12):1252, 1255. Comment on: J Am Osteopath
Assoc 1993 Dec;93(12):1286-9; J Am Osteopath Assoc
1993 Dec;93(12):1279-85.  

Zeitz PS, Butler JC, Cheek JE, Samuel MC, Childs JE,
Shands LA, Turner RE, Voorhees RE, Sarisky J, Rollin
P, et al. Risk factors for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
(HPS) during an outbreak in the southwestern United
States [abstract]. Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob
Agents Chemother 1994;34:243. 34th Interscience
Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy;
1994 Oct 4-7; Orlando, FL.

Zeitz PS, Butler JC, Cheek JE, Samuel MC, Childs JE,
Shands LA, Turner RE, Voorhees RE, Sarisky J, Rollin
PE, Ksiazek TG, et al. A case-control study of hantavirus
pulmonary syndrome during an outbreak in the
southwestern United States. J Infect Dis 1995;171(4):
864-70. 

Zhang G. [The cohort study on inapparent infection of HFRS
in population of Apodemus-type endemic area and in that
of Rattus-type endemic area]. Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1993 Feb;14(1):30-3.  (Chi).  

Zhang G. [Comparison study on distribution of two types of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)]. Chung
Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992 Oct;13(5):
268-70.  (Chi).  

Zhang T, Huggins JW, Smith JI, et al. [Detection of epidemic
hemorrhagic fever virus antigen using ELISA
amplification system]. Acta Acad Med Hubei 1991;12(3):
236-8. (Chi).  

Zhang TM, Yang ZQ, Zhang MY, Hu ZJ, Xiang JM,
Huggins JW, Cosgriff TM, Smith JI. Early analysis of
viremia and clinical tests in patients with epidemic
hemorrhagic fever. Chin Med J (Engl) 1993 Aug;106(8):
608-10.  

Zhang XF. [Epidemiological survey of epidemic
haemorrhagic fever in Xianning County]. Chung Hua Yu
Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990 Nov;24(6):351-3.  (Chi).  

Zhang XJ. [Effects of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus on
the chemiluminescence of human mononuclear leukocytes
and polymorphonuclear leukocytes]. Chung Hua Wei
Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992;12(1):
16-9. (Chi).  

Zhang Y. [Study on natural infection, biting and transovarial
transmission of epidemic haemorrhagic fever virus in
Leptotrombidium (L.) scutellare]. Chung Hua Liu Hsing
Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih 1992 Feb;13(1):16-8.  (Chi).  

Zhang Y. [Study on natural infection of epidemic
haemorrhagic fever virus in Leptotrombidium scutellare].
Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990 Sep;24(5):
261-4.  (Chi).  

Zhang Y, Tao KH, Zhao XZ. [Experimental studies on
transmission of EHF in rodents]. Chung Hua Yu Fang I
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 May;28(3):132-5.  (Chi).  

Zhao HL, Wang MX, Jiang SZ. [Detection of hantavirus
RNA with in situ hybridisation]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh
Hsueh Pao 1990;11(3):233-4.  (Chi).  

Zhao HL, Wang MX, Jiang SZ. [Photobiotin - labelled
hantaviruses cDNA probes made from M segment
recombinant of R22 strain]. Ti 4 Chun I Ta Hsueh Hsueh
Pao 1990;11(3):233. (Chi).  

Zhao HL, Wang MX, Jiang SZ, Liu JB, An JZ, Lu H, Liu
JL. [Experimental diagnosis of HFRS with photobiotin-
labelled CDNA probe]. Virol Sin 1991;6(3):214-8. (Chi). 

Zharskii SL. [The level of ionized calcium in the blood and
parathyroid function in acute kidney failure in patients
with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. Urol
Nefrol (Mosk) 1993 Nov-Dec;(6):40-2.  (Rus).  

Zheng X, Tang X, Su X. [Experimental study of inhibitory
effect of the four traditional Chinese herb medicines on
epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus]. Hu Nan I Ko Ta
Hsueh Hsueh Pao 1993;18(2):165-7. (Chi).  

Zhihui Y, Hongkui Z, Guanmu D. [Study on hantavirus
infected human embryonic liver cells in vitro]. Chung
Hua Shih Yen Ho Lin Chuang Ping Tu Hsueh Tsa Chih
1995;9(1):19-21. (Chi).  

Zhou N, Ni DS, He H, Li YZ. [Study of EHFV directly
activating complement C3 in-vitro]. Virol Sin 1991;
6(2):121-4. (Chi).  

Zhu P. [Viral antigen localization and morphologic
observation of the blood vessels in the skin of patients
with hemorrhagic fever with early stage renal syndrome].
Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 1990 Jan;70(1):
41-3.  (Chi).  

Zhu P, Yang WS. Effects of Hantaan virus on human
endothelial cells and their significance in pathogenesis of
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Chin Med J
(Engl) 1991 Nov;104(11):924-9.  

Zhu ZY, Tang HY, Li YJ, Weng JQ, Yu YX, Zeng RF.
Investigation on inactivated epidemic hemorrhagic fever
tissue culture vaccine in humans. Chin Med J (Engl) 1994
Mar;107(3):167-70.  

Zhu ZY, Tang HY, Li YQ, Weng JQ, Fu GM, Yu YX, Yao
XJ, Dong GM, An Q, et al. [Reactive observation of
inactivated epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccine in human
test]. Virol Sin 1990;5(1):7-12. (Chi).  

Zhu ZY, Tang HY, Li YQ, Weng JQ, Luo QY, Li MH, Yu
YX, Liu WX, Zeng RF, Shu HQ. [Observation on effect
of secondary immunization with inactivated EHF
vaccine]. Virol Sin 1992;7(4):404-7. (Chi).  

Zhu ZY, Zeng RF, Yu YX. [Efficacy of inactivated EHF
vaccine used in clinical trial]. Virol Sin 1991;6(4):315-9.
(Chi).  

Zoller L, Faulde M, Meisel H, Ruh B, Kimmig P, Schelling
U, Zeier M, Kulzer P, Becker C, Roggendorf M, et al.
Seroprevalence of hantavirus antibodies in Germany as
determined by a new recombinant enzyme immunoassay.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1995 Apr; 14(4):305-13. 

Zoller L, Yang S, Gott P, Bautz EK, Darai G. Use of
recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of the Hantaan and
nephropathia epidemica serotypes of Hantaviruses as
immunodiagnostic antigens. J Med Virol 1993 Mar;39(3):
200-7.  

Zoller L, Yang S, Zeyer M. Rapid diagnosis of haemorrhagic
fever with renal syndrome due to hantavirus [letter].
Lancet 1991 Jul 20;338(8760):183. Comment on: Lancet
1991 Apr 20;337(8747):986.  

Zoller L, Zeier M. [The serological diagnosis of Hantaan
virus infections]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1990 
Nov 2;115(44):1674-7.  (Ger).  

Zoller LG, Yang S, Gott P, Bautz EK, Darai G. A novel
mu-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on
recombinant proteins for sensitive and specific diagnosis
of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. J Clin
Microbiol 1993 May;31(5):1194-9.  

Zon RT, Slama TG. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in
Indiana. Indiana Med 1994 May-Jun;87(3):216-8.  


NAIROVIRUS

Coates DM, Sweet C. Studies on the pathogenicity of a
nairovirus, Dugbe virus, in normal and immuno-suppressed mice. 
J Gen Virol 1990 Feb;71(Pt 2):325-32.

Eley SM, Bruce LG , Delic JI, Henstridge RM, Moore NF.
Nairoviruses characteristics and disease distribution. In:
Kurstak E, et al., editors. Virus variability, epidemiology,
and control. New York: Plenum; 1990. p. 335-54. 
(Applied virology research, vol. 2).


CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER

Burt FJ, Leman PA, Abbott JC, Swanepoel R. Serodiagnosis
of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. Epidemiol Infect
1994 Dec;113(3):551-62.

Burt FJ, Swanepoel R, Braack LE. Enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assays for the detection of antibody to
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in the sera of
livestock and wild vertebrates. Epidemiol Infect 1993
Dec;111(3):547-57.

Butenko AM, Chumakov MP. Isolation of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever virus from patients and from autopsy
specimens. Arch Virol Suppl 1991;1:295-301.

Camicas JL, Cornet JP, Gonzalez JP, Wilson ML, Adam F,
Zeller HG. [Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in
Senegal. Latest data on the ecology of the CCHF virus].
Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1994;87(1):11-6. (Fre).

Camicas JL, Wilson ML, Cornet JP, Digoutte JP, Calvo MA,
Adam F, Gonzalez JP. Ecology of ticks as potential
vectors of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in
Senegal: epidemiological implications. Arch Virol Suppl
1991;1:303-22.

Chapman LE, Wilson ML, Hall DB, LeGuenno B, Dykstra
EA, Ba K, Fisher-Hoch SP. Risk factors for
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in rural northern
Senegal. J Infect Dis 1991 Oct;164(4):686-92.

Dickson DL, Turell MJ. Replication and tissue tropisms of
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in
experimentally infected adult Hyalomma truncatum
(Acari: Ixodidae). J Med Entomol 1992 Sep;29(5):
767-73.

Durden LA, Logan TM, Wilson ML, Linthicum KJ.
Experimental vector incompetence of a soft tick,
Ornithodoros sonrai (Acari: Argasidae), for Crimean-
Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. J Med Entomol 1993
Mar;30(2):493-6.

Fisher-Hoch SP, Khan JA, Rehman S, Mirza S, Khurshid M,
McCormick JB. Crimean Congo-haemorrhagic fever
treated with oral ribavirin. Lancet 1995 Aug 19;
346(8973):472-5. 

Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick JB, Swanepoel R, Van
Middlekoop A, Harvey S, Kustner HG. Risk of human
infections with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
in a South African rural community. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1992 Sep;47(3):337-45.

Fivaz B, Petney T, Horak I, editors. Tick vector biology:
medical and veterinary aspects. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
1992. 193 p.

Gonzalez JP, Camicas JL, Cornet JP, Faye O, Wilson ML.
Sexual and transovarian transmission of Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever virus in Hyalomma truncatum ticks.
Res Virol 1992 Jan-Feb;143(1):23-8.

Gonzalez JP, Camicas JL, Zeller HG, Cornet JP, Some J,
Wilson ML. Replication and persistence of Crimean-
Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in two species of West
African ticks [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;
45(3 Suppl):152. 40th annual meeting of the American
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5;
Boston. 

Gonzalez JP, Cornet JP, Wilson ML, Camicas JL.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus replication in
adult Hyalomma truncatum and Amblyomma variegatum
ticks. Res Virol 1991 Nov-Dec;142(6):483-8.

Gonzalez JP, LeGuenno B, Guillaud M, Wilson ML. A fatal
case of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in
Mauritania: virological and serological evidence
suggesting epidemic transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med
Hyg 1990 Jul-Aug;84(4):573-6.

Gonzalez JP, Wilson ML, Cornet JP, Camicas JL.
Host-passage-induced phenotypic changes in Crimean-
Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. Res Virol 1995;146(2):
131-40.

Gordeyeva ZYe, Kostyukov MA, Vyshemirskiy OI, Volkova
TV. [Isolation of Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus from
blood of farm animals]. Zdravookhr Tadzh 1990;(3):75-7.
(Rus).

Gordon SW, Linthicum KJ, Moulton JR. Transmission of
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in two species of
Hyalomma ticks from infected adults to cofeeding
immature forms. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Apr;48(4):
576-80.

Kaul HN, Shetty PS, Ghalsasi GR, Dhanda V. Survey of
ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) for Crimean haemorrhagic fever
virus activity in Jammu & Kashmir state, India. Indian J
Med Res 1990 Jan;91:5-8.

Linthicum KJ, Logan TM. Feeding nymphs of Hyalomma
truncatum (Acari: Ixodidae) on guinea pigs previously
exposed to nymphs. J Med Entomol 1993;30(6):1064-7.

Lofts RS, Hodgson LA, Ksiazek TG, Smith JF. Comparative
sequence analysis of the S segment RNA from seven
strains of CCHF virus and development of a PCR-based
diagnostic system [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;
64(3 Suppl):173. 40th annual meeting of the American
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5;
Boston.

Logan TM, Linthicum KJ, Bailey CL, Watts DM, Dohm DJ,
Moulton JR. Replication of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
fever virus in four species of ixodid ticks (Acari) infected
experimentally. J Med Entomol 1990 Jul;27(4):537-42.

Logan TM, Linthicum KJ, Moulton JR, Ksiazek TG.
Antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
detection and quantification of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever virus in the tick, Hyalomma
truncatum. J Virol Methods 1993 Apr;42(1):33-44.

Markeshin SIa, Smirnova SE, Evstafev IL. [An assessment of
the status of natural foci of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
fever in the Crimea]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1992 Apr;(4):28-31.  (Rus).

Markeshin SIa, Smirnova SE, Evstafev IL. [An evaluation of
the status of natural foci of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic
fever in the Crimea]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1991 Sep;(9):47-50.  (Rus).

Marriott AC, Nuttall PA. Comparison of the S RNA
segments and nucleoprotein sequences of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever, Hazara, and Dugbe viruses. Virology
1992 Aug;189(2):795-9.

Marriott AC, Polyzoni T, Antoniadis A, Nuttall PA.
Detection of human antibodies to Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever virus using expressed viral
nucleocapsid protein. J Gen Virol 1994 Sep;75(Pt 9):
2157-61.

Marriott AC, Ward VK, Higgs S, Nuttall PA. RNA probes
detect nucleotide sequence homology between members
of two different nairovirus serogroups. Virus Res 1990
Apr;16(1):77-81.

Morrill JC, Soliman AK, Imam IZ, Botros BA, Moussa MI,
Watts DM. Serological evidence of Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever viral infection among camels
imported into Egypt. J Trop Med Hyg 1990 Jun;
93(3):201-4.

Okorie TG. Comparative studies on the vector capacity of the
different stages of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius and
Hyalomma rufipes Koch for Congo virus, after
intracoelomic inoculation. Vet Parasitol 1991 Mar;
38(2-3):215-23.

Oldfield EC 3d, Wallace MR, Hyams KC, Yousif AA, Lewis
DE, Bourgeois AL. Endemic infectious diseases of the
Middle East. Rev Infect Dis 1991 Jan-Feb;13 Suppl 3:
S199-217. Comment in: Rev Infect Dis 1991 Sep-Oct;
13(5):1028-9. Published erratum appears in Rev Infect
Dis 1991 May-Jun;13(3):533.

Rechau Y. Ecology of the vectors of Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever in southern Africa. In: Dusbarek F,
Bukva V, editors. Modern acarology. Vol. 2. 8th
International Congress of Acarology; 1990 Aug 6-11;
Ceske Budejovice, Czechoslovakia. The Hague: SPB
Academic Publishing BV; 1991. p. 93-9.

Scrimgeour EM. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in
Oman [letter]. Lancet 1996 Mar 9;347(9002):692. 

Shepherd AJ, Swanepoel R, Shepherd SP, Leman PA,
Mathee O. Viraemic transmission of Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever virus to ticks. Epidemiol Infect 1991
Apr;106(2):373-82.

Smirnova SE, Karavanov AS, Zimina IuV, Sedova AG. [The
virus carriage of ticks, vectors of the causative agent of
Crimean hemorrhagic fever]. Med Parazitol (Mosk) 1991
Jan-Feb;(1):32-4.  (Rus).

Smirnova SE, Sedova AG, Zimina IuV, Karavanov AS.
[Cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in
Astrakhan Province]. Vopr Virusol 1990 May-Jun;
35(3):228-31.  (Rus).

Smith JF, Hodgson LA, Lofts RS. Sequence and genetic
organization of the RNA segment of Crimean Congo
hemorrhagic fever CCHF virus [abstract]. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 1991;64(3 Suppl):177. 40th annual meeting of
the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene;
1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Tignor GH, Hanham CA. Ribavirin efficacy in an in vivo
model of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
(CCHF) infection. Antiviral Res 1993 Dec;22(4):309-25.

Vassilenko SM, Vassilev TL, Bozadjiev LG, Bineva IL,
Kazarov GZ. Specific intravenous immunoglobulin for
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever [letter]. Lancet 1990
Mar 31;335(8692):791-2.

Vassilev T, Valchev V, Kazarov G, Razsukanova L, Vitanov
T. A reference preparation for human immunoglobulin
against Crimean/Congo hemorrhagic fever. Biologicals
1991 Jan;19(1):57.

Wilson ML, Gonzalez JP, Cornet JP, Camicas JL.
Transmission of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
virus from experimentally infected sheep to Hyalomma
truncatum ticks. Res Virol 1991 Sep-Oct;142(5):395-404.

Wilson ML, Gonzalez JP, LeGuenno B, Cornet JP, Guillaud
M, Calvo MA, Digoutte JP, Camicas JL. Epidemiology
of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Senegal:
temporal and spatial patterns. Arch Virol Suppl 1991;1:
323-40.

Wilson ML, LeGuenno B, Guillaud M, Desoutter D,
Gonzalez JP, Camicas JL. Distribution of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever viral antibody in Senegal:
environmental and vectorial correlates. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1990 Nov;43(5):557-66.

Zeller HG, Cornet JP, Camicas JL. Crimean-Congo
haemorrhagic fever virus infection in birds: field
investigations in Senegal. Res Virol 1994 Mar-Apr;
145(2):105-9.

Zeller HG, Cornet JP, Camicas JL. Experimental
transmission of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
by west African wild ground-feeding birds to Hyalomma
marginatum rufipes ticks. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994 Jun;
50(6):676-81. 


RIFT VALLEY FEVER

Adam F, Jouan A, Philippe B, Riou O, Digoutte JP.
[Biological parameters of patients infected by the Rift
Valley fever virus in Rosso (Mauritania) (letter)]. Presse
Med 1992 Oct 31;21(36):1731. (Fre).

Anderson GW Jr, Rosebrock JA, Johnson AJ, Jennings GB,
Peters CJ. Infection of inbred rat strains with Rift Valley
fever virus: development of a congenic resistant strain
and observations on age-dependence of resistance. Am J
Trop Med Hyg 1991 May;44(5):475-80.

Anderson GW Jr, Slayter MV, Hall W, Peters CJ.
Pathogenesis of a phleboviral infection (Punta Toro virus)
in golden Syrian hamsters. Arch Virol 1990;114(3-4):
203-12.

Arthur RR, el-Sharkawy MS, Cope SE, Botros BA, Oun S,
Morrill JC, Shope RE, Hibbs RG, Darwish MA, Imam
IZ. Recurrence of Rift Valley fever in Egypt. Lancet
1993 Nov 6;342(8880):1149-50.

Davies FG. Rift Valley fever in the Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop
Med Hyg 1990 Jan-Feb;84(1):141.

Davies FG, Kilelu E, Linthicum KJ, Pegram RG. Patterns of
Rift Valley fever activity in Zambia. Epidemiol Infect
1992 Feb;108(1):185-91.

Davies FG, Logan TM, Binepal Y, Jessen P. Rift Valley
fever virus activity in East Africa in 1989. Vet Rec 1992 
Mar 21;130(12):247-9.

[Does Rift Valley fever threaten encroachment into the
southern regions of the USSR? (editorial)]. Vopr Virusol
1991 Jan-Feb;36(1):82-3.  (Rus).

Freier JE, Logan TM, Linthicum KJ. A geographic
information system developed with global positioning and
remote sensing techniques to analyze Rift Valley fever
vector habitats in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;
47(4 Suppl):138.

House JA, Turell MJ, Mebus CA. Rift Valley fever: present
status and risk to the Western Hemisphere. Ann N Y
Acad Sci 1992 Jun 16;653:233-42.

Jouan A, Adam F, Coulibaly I, Riou O, Philippe B, Ledru E,
Lejan C, Merzoug NO, Ksiazek T, Leguenno B, et al.
[Epidemic of Rift Valley fever in the Islamic republic of
Mauritania. Geographic and ecological data]. Bull Soc
Pathol Exot 1990;83(5):611-20.  (Fre).

Jouan A, Adam F, Riou O, Philippe B, Merzoug NO,
Ksiazek T, Leguenno B, Digoutte JP. [Evaluation of
indicators of health in the area of Trarza during the
epidemic of Rift Valley fever in 1987]. Bull Soc Pathol
Exot 1990;83(5):621-7.  (Fre).

Jouan A, Philippe B. [Rift Valley fever epidemiology and
prophylactic measures]. Trav Sci Cherch Serv Sante
Armees 1991;(12):295-6.  (Fre).

Jouan A, Philippe B, Riou O. [Clinical courses of Rift Valley
fever during an epidemic in Mauritania]. Trav Sci Cherch
Serv Sante Armees 1990;(11):301-2.  (Fre).
Jouan A, Riou O, Philippe B. [Rift Valley fever neurological
forms]. Trav Sci Cherch Serv Sante Armees 1991;(12):
297-8.  (Fre).

Logan TM, Davies FG, Linthicum KJ, Ksiazek TG. Rift
Valley fever antibody in human sera collected after an
outbreak in domestic animals in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop
Med Hyg 1992 Mar-Apr;86(2):202-3.

Lomachenkova OA. [The clinico-epidemiological aspects of a
study of Rift Valley fever]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1992;(7-8):64-8.  (Rus).

Morrill JC, Czarniecki CW, Peters CJ. Recombinant human
interferon-gamma modulates Rift Valley fever virus
infection in the rhesus monkey. J Interferon Res 1991
Oct;11(5):297-304.

Morrill JC, Jennings GB, Johnson AJ, Cosgriff TM, Gibbs
PH, Peters CJ. Pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever in rhesus
monkeys: role of interferon response. Arch Virol 1990;
110(3-4):195-212.

Morvan J, Fontenille D, Saluzzo JF, Coulanges P. Possible
Rift Valley fever outbreak in man and cattle in
Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1991 Jan-Feb;
85(1):108.

Morvan J, Lesbordes JL, Rollin PE, Mouden JC, Roux J.
First fatal human case of Rift Valley fever in Madagascar.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992 May-Jun;86(3):320.
Published erratum appears in Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 
1992 Sep-Oct;86(5):466.

Olaleye OD, Baigent CL, Mueller G, Tomori O, Schmitz H.
Electron microscopic identification of Zinga virus as a
strain of Rift Valley fever virus. Res Virol 1992 May-Jun;
143(3):215-8.

Philippe B, Jouan A, Riou O, Coulibaly I. [Rift Valley fever
control and management of an epidemic]. Med Armees
1990;18(8):527-30.  (Fre).

[Rift Valley fever]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1993 Oct 8;
68(41):300-1.  (Fre).

[Rift Valley fever]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1994 Mar 11;
69(10):74-6.  (Fre).

[Rift Valley fever]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1994 Aug 26;
69(34):258.  (Fre).

Rift Valley fever--Egypt, 1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly
Rep 1994 Sep 30;43(38):693, 699-700.

Rippy MK, Topper MJ, Mebus CA, Morrill JC. Rift Valley
fever virus-induced encephalomyelitis and hepatitis in
calves. Vet Pathol 1992 Nov;29(6):495-502

Wilson ML. Rift Valley fever virus ecology and the
epidemiology of disease emergence. Ann N Y Acad Sci
1994 Dec 15;740:169-80.

Wilson ML, Chapman LE, Hall DB, Dykstra EA, Ba K,
Zeller HG, Traore-Lamizana M, Hervy JP, Linthicum
KJ. Rift Valley fever virus transmission in rural northern
Senegal: human risk factors and potential vectors
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):257.
40th annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston.

Wilson ML, Chapman LE, Hall DB, Dykstra EA, Ba K,
Zeller HG, Traore-Lamizana M, Hervy JP, Linthicum
KJ, Peters CJ. Rift Valley fever in rural northern Senegal:
human risk factors and potential vectors. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1994 Jun;50(6):663-75.

World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for
Research and Training in Veterinary Epidemiology and
Management. WHO/IZSTE consultation on recent
developments in Rift Valley fever: with the participation
of FAO and OIE; 1993 Sep 14-5; Civitella del Tronto,
Italy. Geneva: The Organization; 1993. 23 p.

Zeller HG, Wilson ML, Schmidt EA, Thiongane Y, Cornet
JP, Camicas JL, Gonzalez JP, Bessin R, Teou K, et al.
Rift Valley fever virus activity in West Africa 1989-1991.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):256-7.


FLAVIVIRUS INFECTIONS

Barrett ADT. Vaccines against flaviviruses. Curr Opin Infect
Dis 1990;(3):374-9.

Coimbra TL, Nassar ES, Nagamori AH, Ferreira IB, Pereira
LE, Rocco IM, Ueda-Ito M, Romano NS. Iguape: a
newly recognized flavivirus from Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
Intervirology 1993;36(3):144-52.

Gabrielsen B, Monath TP, Huggins JW, Kefauver DF, Pettit
GR, Groszek G, Hollingshead M, Kirsi JJ, Shannon WM,
Schubert EM, et al. Antiviral (RNA) activity of selected
Amaryllidaceae isoquinoline constituents and synthesis of
related substances. J Nat Prod 1992;55(11):1569-81.

Gabrielsen B, Phelan MJ, Barthel-Rosa L, See C, Huggins
JW, Kefauver DF, Monath TP, Ussery MA, ChmurnyGN, 
Schubert EM, et al. Synthesis and antiviral
evaluation of N-carboxamidine-substituted analogues of
1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine
hydrochloride. J Med Chem 1992 Aug 21;35(17):3231-8.

Gritsun TS, Holmes EC, Gould EA. Analysis of flavivirus
envelope proteins reveals variable domains that reflect
their antigenicity and may determine their pathogenesis.
Virus Res 1995 Mar;35(3):307-21.

Igarashi A. [Flavivirus infections in tropical areas]. Uirusu
1993 Jun;43(1):67-76.  (Jpn).

Kles V, Michault A, Rodhain F, Mevel F, Chastel C. [A
serological survey regarding Flaviviridae infections on the
island of Reunion (1971-1989)]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot
1994;87(2):71-6.  (Fre).

Monath TP. Flavivirus (yellow fever, dengue, and St. Louis
encephalitis).  In: Mandell GL, Douglas RG Jr, Bennett
JE, editors. Principles and practice of infectious diseases.
3rd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone Inc.; 1990. 
p. 1248-51.

Monath TP. Yellow fever and dengue--the interactions of
virus, vector and host in the re-emergence of epidemic
disease. Sem Virol 1994;5(2):133-45.

Pshenichnov VA, Krasnyanskii VP, Mikhailov VV.
[Immunoglobulins in virological studies and in the
prevention of some infections]. Vopr Virusol 1992;
37(4):178-80. (Rus).

Reiter P, Amador MA, Anderson RA, Clark GG. Short
report: dispersal of Aedes aegypti in an urban area after
blood feeding as demonstrated by rubidium-marked eggs.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995;52(2):177-9.

Rey M. [Exotic arboviruses: what risks are there for the
traveller?]. Gaz Med 1990;97(28):49-53.  (Fre).

Rice CM. Overview of flavivirus molecular biology and
future vaccine development via recombinant DNA.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990 Dec;
21(4):670-7.

Schlesinger JJ, Putnak JR, Eckels KH. New approaches to
flavivirus vaccine development. Biotechnology 1992;20:
289-307.

Seay AR. Alphavirus and flavivirus diseases. In: McKendall
RR, Stroop WG, editors. Handbook of neurovirology.
New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1994. p. 391-411.
(Neurological disease and therapy, vol. 27).

Slosek J. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in the Americas: a
review of their interactions with the human population.
Soc Sci Med 1986;23(3):249-57.

Tolou H, Pisano MR, Deubel V, Nicoli J. [Problems and
perspectives in flavivirus vaccinology]. Bull Inst Pasteur
1992;90(1):11-29.  (Fre).


DENGUE

Akiyama J. Review of multicentre project to control DHF
vectors by community participation in WHO, SEARO.
Trop Med 1993;35(4):277-83.

Balachandra K, Chimabutra K, Supromajakr P, Wasi C,
Yamamoto T, Mukai T, Okuno T, Yamanishi K. High
rate of reactivation of human herpesvirus 6 in children
with dengue hemorrhagic fever [letter]. J Infect Dis 1994
Sep;170(3):746-8. 

Banik GB, Pal TK, Mandal A, Chakraborty MS, Chakravarti
SK. Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Calcutta. Indian Pediatr
1994 Jun;31(6):685-7. 

Barrios NJ, Santiago PJ, Martin M, Fernandez A, Baez E,
Varcarcel M. Management of dengue hemorrhagic fever
(DHF) [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1995;37(4 Pt 2):156A.
105th Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Society
and the 64th Annual Meeting of the Society for Pediatric
Research; 1995 May 7-11; San Diego.

Bartholomeusz A, Tomlinson E, Wright PJ, Birch C,
Locarnini S, Weigold H, Marcuccio S, Holan G. Use of a
flavivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase assay to
investigate the antiviral activity of selected compounds.
Antiviral Res 1994 Aug;24(4):341-50. 

Bhakdi S, Kazatchkine MD. Pathogenesis of dengue: an
alternative hypothesis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med
Public Health 1990 Dec;21(4):652-7. 

Bhamarapravati N. International symposium on dengue and
dengue hemorrhagic fever. Introduction. Southeast Asian
J Trop Med Public Health 1990 Dec;21(4):634-5. 

Bhamarapravati N, Yoksan S. The clinical trial of trivalent
dengue vaccine [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med
Public Health 1990;21(4):709. 

Bhattacharjee N, Mukherjee KK, Chakravarti SK, Mukherjee
MK, De PN, Sengupta M, Banik GB, Bhowmick P, Sinha
SK, Chakraborty MS. Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF)
outbreak in Calcutta-- 1990. J Commun Dis 1993 Mar;
25(1):10-4. 

Blok J, McWilliam SM, Butler HC, Gibbs AJ, Weiller G,
Herring BL, Hemsley AC, Aaskov JG, Yoksan S,
Bhamarapravati N. Comparison of a dengue-2 virus and
its candidate vaccine derivative: sequence relationships
with the flaviviruses and other viruses. Virology 1992
Apr;187(2):573-90. 

Brandling-Bennett AD, Pinheiro F. Infectious diseases in
Latin America and the Caribbean: Are they really
emerging and increasing? Emerg Infect Dis [serial online]
1996 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5];2(1):[7 screens].
Available from: National Center for Infectious Diseases,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm   

Brandt WE. From the World Health Organization.
Development of dengue and Japanese encephalitis
vaccines. J Infect Dis 1990 Sep;162(3):577-83. 

Bray M, Lai CJ. Construction of intertypic chimeric dengue
viruses by substitution of structural protein genes. Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10342-6. 

Bray M, Lai CJ. Dengue virus premembrane and membrane
proteins elicit a protective immune response. Virology
1991 Nov;185(1):505-8. 

Butthep P, Bunyaratvej A, Bhamarapravati N. Dengue virus
and endothelial cell: a related phenomenon to
thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia in dengue
hemorrhagic fever. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public
Health 1993;24 Suppl 1:246-9. 

Cardosa MJ, Tio PH, Nimmannitya S, Nisalak A, Innis B.
IgM capture ELISA for detection of IgM antibodies to
dengue virus: comparison of 2 formats using
hemagglutinins and cell culture derived antigens.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1992
Dec;23(4):726-9. 

Cardosa MJ, Zuraini I. Comparison of an IgM capture
ELISA with a dot enzyme immunoassay for laboratory
diagnosis of dengue virus infections. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1991 Sep;22(3):337-40. 

Caumes E, Santi C, Felix H, Bricaire F, Danis M, Gentilini
M. [Cutaneous signs of dengue. Apropos of 3 cases]. Bull
Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(1):7-11. (Fre). 

Chainuvati T. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: a fascinating
disease of Asia [editorial]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1990
Nov-Dec;5(6):700-1. Comment on: J Gastroenterol
Hepatol 1990 Nov-Dec;5(6):664-8. 

Chan YC, Goh KT, Tan BT, Heng BH. Health system for
dengue control in Singapore. Trop Med 1993; 35(4):
309-14.

Chang CS, Harn MR, Nimmannitya S. [Clinical observation
of 15 Thai children with dengue hemorrhagic fever]. Kao
Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih 1990 Mar;6(3):
131-6.  (Chi). 

Chang DM, Shaio MF. Production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and
IL-1 inhibitor by human monocytes exposed to dengue
virus. J Infect Dis 1994 Oct;170(4):811-7. 

Chang YC, Goh KT, Heng BH, Tan BT. Epidemiology of
dengue in Singapore: current situation. Trop Med
1993;35(4):189-94.

Chantharaksri U, Laoharoengpanya N, Malasit P, Innis BL.
Time-dependent effects of dengue virus on platelets: a
cyclooxygenase dependent mechanism [abstract].
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):
706. 

Chaturvedi UC, Dhawan R, Khanna M, Mathur A.
Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier during dengue virus
infection of mice. J Gen Virol 1991 Apr;72(Pt 4):859-66. 

Chaturvedi UC, Mukerjee R, Dhawan R. Active
immunization by a dengue virus-induced cytokine. Clin
Exp Immunol 1994 May;96(2):202-7. 

Chen WJ, Chen SL, Fang AH. Phenotypic characteristics of
dengue 2 virus persistently infected in a C6/36 clone of
Aedes albopictus cells. Intervirology 1994;37(1):25-30. 

Cherian T, Ponnuraj E, Kuruvilla T, Kirubakaran C, John
TJ, Raghupathy P. An epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic
fever & dengue shock syndrome in & around Vellore.
Indian J Med Res 1994 Aug;100:51-6. 

Chimelli L, Hahn MD, Netto MB, Ramos RG, Dias M, Gray
F. Dengue: neuropathological findings in 5 fatal cases
from Brazil. Clin Neuropathol 1990 May-Jun;9(3):
157-62. 

Chin CK. Outpatient management of dengue infection in the
University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Malays J Pathol
1993 Jun;15(1):21-3. 

Chin CK, Kang BH, Liew BK, Cheah PC, Nair R, Lam SK.
Protocol for out-patient management of dengue illness in
young adults. J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Aug; 96(4):259-63. 

Chouhan GS, Rodrigues FM, Shaikh BH, Ilkal MA,
Khangaro SS, Mathur KN, Joshi KR, Vaidhye NK.
Clinical & virological study of dengue fever outbreak in
Jalore city, Rajasthan 1985. Indian J Med Res 1990 Nov;
91:414-8. 

Chua MN, Molanida R, de Guzman M, Laberiza F.
Prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time as a
predictor of bleeding in patients with dengue hemorrhagic
fever. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1993;24
Suppl 1:141-3. 

Chungue E, Laudon F, Glaziou P. Dengue and dengue
haemorrhagic fever in French Polynesia: Current
situation. Trop Med 1993;35(4):209-15.

Chungue E, Poli L, Roche C, Gestas P, Glaziou P, Markoff
LJ. Correlation between detection of plasminogen
cross-reactive antibodies and hemorrhage in dengue virus
infection. J Infect Dis 1994 Nov;170(5):1304-7. 

Chunsuttiwat S. Epidemiology and control of dengue
hemorrhagic fever in Thailand [abstract]. Southeast Asian
J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):684-5. 

Cunningham R, Mutton K. Dengue haemorrhagic fever
[letter]. BMJ 1991 May 4;302(6784):1083-4. 

De Pina JJ, Raphenon G, Morillon M, Fourcade L, Martet
G, Touze JE. [Pathogenic approach of thrombopenia in
dengue and its hemorrhagic complications]. Bull Soc
Pathol Exot 1995;88(1):3-6.  (Fre). 

Dengue. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990;65(6):43. 

Dengue. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990;65(10):74. 

[Dengue. Trinidad and Tobago]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec
1991;66(5):31.  (Fre). 

Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol
Rec 1995 Aug 18;70(33):237-8. 

[Dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF)].
Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1992;67(32):242.  (Fre). 

Dengue haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990;
65(2):11. 

[Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Increase in number of
cases in the Americas 1980-1987]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec
1990 Jan 19;65(3):13-5.  (Fre). 

Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Venezuela. Epidemiol Bull
1990;11(2):7-9. 

[Dengue type 3 infection. Nicaragua and Panama,
October-November 1994]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 
Feb 10;70(6):41-3.  (Fre). 

Dengue type 3 infection--Nicaragua and Panama,
October-November 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly
Rep 1995 Jan 20;44(2):21-4. 

Dhawan R, Khanna M, Chaturvedi UC, Mathur A. Effect of
dengue virus-induced cytotoxin on capillary permeability.
J Exp Pathol (Oxford) 1990 Feb;71(1):83-8. 

Do QH, Vu TQH, Huynh TKL, Dinh QT, Duebel V.
Dengue haemorrhagic fever in the South of Vietnam
during 1975-1992 and its control strategy. Trop Med
1995;36(4):187-201. 

Duangchanda S, Tanaka M, Morita K, Rojanasuphot S,
Igarashi A. Comparative nucleotide and deduced amino
acid sequence of the envelope glycoprotein gene among
three dengue virus type 2 strains isolated from patients
with different disease severities in Maha Sarakham,
northeast Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public
Health 1994 Jun;25(2):243-51. 

Ebrahim GJ. Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever
[editorial]. J Trop Pediatr 1993 Oct;39(5):262-3. 

Eckels KH. Dengue virus infections vaccines and
immunization strategies. In: Kurstak E, editor. Control of
virus diseases. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1993.
p. 343-9.

Eckels KH, Dubois DR, Summers PL, Schlesinger JJ, Shelly
M, Cohen S, Zhang YM, Lai CJ, Kurane I, Rothman A,
et al. Immunization of monkeys with baculovirus-dengue
type-4 recombinants containing envelope and
nonstructural proteins: evidence of priming and partial
protection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994 Apr;50(4):472-8. 

Eckels KH, Hoke CH, Henchal EA, Dubois DR, Vaughn
DW, Innis BL, Rice R, Kraiselburd EG, French GH,
Marchette NJ. Dengue virus live-attenuated vaccine
strategy identification of acceptable candidate monotypic
vaccines [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47(4
Suppl):99. 41st Annual Meeting of the American Society
of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 1992 Nov 15-9;
Seattle, WA.

Edelman R, Tacket CO, Vaughn DW, Eckels KH, Dubois
DR, Summers PL, Rice RM, Hoke CH. Phase I trial of
dengue-1 live-attenuated vaccines strain 45AZ5 [abstract].
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47(4 Suppl):99. 41st Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine
and Hygiene; 1992 Nov 15-9; Seattle, WA.

Edelman R, Tacket CO, Wasserman SS, Vaughn DW, Eckels
KH, Dubois DR, Summers PL, Hoke CH. A live
attenuated dengue-1 vaccine candidate (45AZ5) passaged
in primary dog kidney cell culture is attenuated and
immunogenic for humans. J Infect Dis 1994 Dec;170(6):
1448-55. 

Enderlin S, Hess C. [Fever, headache, diarrhea (clinical
conference)]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 1992 
Feb 25;81(9):266-9.  (Ger). 

[Epidemiology of dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever].
Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990 Apr 6;65(14):104-6.  (Fre). 

Fagbami AH, Mataika JU, Shrestha M, Gubler DJ. Dengue
type 1 epidemic with haemorrhagic manifestations in Fiji,
1989-90. Bull World Health Organ 1995;73(3):291-7. 

Figueiredo LT, Cavalcante SM, Simoes MC. Dengue
serologic survey of schoolchildren in Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil, in 1986 and 1987. Bull Pan Am Health Organ
1990;24(2):217-25. 

Figueiredo LTM. [Aspects of dengue virology, history,
physiopathology and control]. Medicina (Sao Paulo)
1991;24(2):111-21. (Por). 

Figueiredo LTM, Owa MA, Carlucci RH, Fabbro ALD,
Mello NVD, Capuano DM, Santili MB. [Dengue
serological survey in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil].
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1995;118(6):499-509.  (Spa). 

Figueiredo LTM, Owa MA, Carlucci RH, dal Fabbro AL, de
Mello NV, Capuano DM, Santili MB. Dengue serologic
survey in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Bull Pan Am
Health Organ 1995 Mar;29(1):59-69. 

Fong MY, Koh CL, Samuel S, Pang T, Lam SK. Nucleotide
sequences of the nonstructural protein NS1 gene of three
dengue-2 viruses, M1, M2 and M3, isolated in Malaysia
from patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever, dengue
shock syndrome and dengue fever, respectively. Nucleic
Acids Res 1990 Mar 25;18(6):1642. 

Fouque F, Reynes JM, Moreau JP. Dengue in French
Guiana, 1965-1993. Bull Pan Am Health Organ
1995;29(2):147-55.

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Imported dengue--United States, 1993-1994. JAMA 1995
Jul 12;274(2):113. 

Funahara Y, Harun SR, Nathin MA, Tamela LA,
Setiabudy-Dharma R, Sumarmo PS. One of the causes of
recurrent shock in dengue hemorrhagic fever [abstract].
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):
697. 

Funahara Y, Shirahata A, Sumarmo PS, Setiabudy-Dharma
R, Setiabudy R, Harun SR, Nathin MA, Karjomanggolo
TW, Tamela LA. Activation of coagulation-fibrinolytic
system and some clinical symptoms of dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF) [abstract]. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):704. 

Garcia S, Morales R, Hunter RF. Dengue fever with
thrombocytopenia: studies towards defining vulnerability
of bleeding. Bol Asoc Med P R 1995 Jan-Feb;87(1-2):
2-7. 

George R, Lam SK. Clinical manifestations of DHF seen in
University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Virus Inf Exch
Newsl South East Asia West Pac 1992;9(2):53. 

Glaziou P, Chungue E, Gestas P, Soulignac O, Couter JP,
Plichart R, Roux JF, Poli L. Dengue fever and dengue
shock syndrome in French Polynesia. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1992 Sep;23(3):531-2. 

Gomez Dantes H. [Dengue in the Americas. A problem of
regional health]. Salud Publica Mex 1991 Jul-Aug;
33(4):347-55.  (Spa). 

Gratz NG. Lessons of Aedes aegypti control in Thailand.
Med Vet Entomol 1993 Jan;7(1):1-10. 

Gratz NG. What must we do to effectively control Aedes
aegypti. Trop Med 1993;35(4):243-51.

Green S, Kurane I, Edelman R, Tacket CO, Eckels KH,
Vaughn DW, Hoke CH Jr, Ennis FA. Dengue
virus-specific human CD4+ T-lymphocyte responses in a
recipient of an experimental live-attenuated dengue virus
type 1 vaccine: bulk culture proliferation, clonal analysis,
and precursor frequency determination. J Virol 1993
Oct;67(10):5962-7. 

Grist NR. Aedes albopictus: the tyre-travelling tiger
[editorial]. J Infect 1993 Jul;27(1):1-4. Published erratum
appears in J Infect 1994 May;28(3):336.

Gubler DJ. Community-based prevention and control of
dengue-dengue hemorrhagic fever [abstract]. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):290-1. 40th Annual Meeting
of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5; Boston, MA.

Gubler DJ. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: a global update.
Virus Inf Exch Newsl South East Asia West Pac
1991;8(1):2-3. 

Gubler DJ. Perspectives on the prevention and control of
dengue hemorrhagic fever. Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko
Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 Dec;10 Suppl:S15-8. 

Gubler DJ, Casta-Valez A. [A program for prevention and
control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic
fever in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands]. Bol
Oficina Sanit Panam 1992;113(2):109-20. (Spa). 

Gubler DJ, Casta-Valez A. A program for prevention and
control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic
fever in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Bull Pan
Am Health Organ 1991;25(3):237-47. 

Gubler DJ, Clark GG. Community-based integrated control
of Aedes aegypti: a brief overview of current programs.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994;50(6 Suppl):50-60. 

Gubler DJ, Clark GG. Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever:
the emergence of a global health problem. Emerg Infect
Dis [serial online] 1995 Apr-Jun [cited 1996 Jun
5];1(2):[10 screens]. Available from: National Center for
Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm    

Gubler DJ, Trent DW. Emergence of epidemic
dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever as a public health
problem in the Americas. Infect Agents Dis 1993
Dec;2(6):383-93. 

Guzman MG, Kouri G, Bravo J, Soler M, Martinez E.
Sequential infection as risk factor for dengue hemorrhagic
fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) during the
1981 dengue hemorrhagic Cuban epidemic. Mem Inst
Oswaldo Cruz 1991 Jul-Sep;86(3):367. 

Guzman MG, Kouri GP, Bravo J, Soler M, Vazquez S,
Morier L. Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Cuba, 1981: a
retrospective seroepidemiologic study. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1990 Feb;42(2):179-84. 

Guzman MG, Kouri GP, Soler M, Bravo J, Rodriguez de La
Vega A, Vazquez S, Mune M. Dengue 2 virus
enhancement in asthmatic and non asthmatic individual.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1992 Oct-Dec;87(4):559-64. 

Guzman MG, Triana C, Bravo J, Kouri G. [An estimation of
the cost of the 1981 epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic
fever in Cuba]. Rev Cubana Med Trop 1992;44(1):13-7. 
(Spa). 

Hadinegoro SR, Nathin MA. The changing patterns of
clinical manifestations in dengue hemorrhagic fever: ten
years observations [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop
Med Public Health 1990;21(4):694. 

Halstead SB. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Curr
Opin Infect Dis 1990;3(3):434-8. 

Halstead SB. Dengue, yellow fever, and rabies. Curr Opin
Infect Dis 1994;7(5):559-63. 

Halstead SB. Global epidemiology of dengue: health systems
in disarray. Trop Med 1993;35(4):137-46.

Halstead SB. Global epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic
fever. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990
Dec;21(4):636-41. 

Halstead SB. The XXth century dengue pandemic: need for
surveillance and research. World Health Stat Q
1992;45(2-3):292-8. 

Hasler C, Schnorf H, Enderlin N, Gyr K. [Imported dengue
fever following a stay in the tropics]. Schweiz Med
Wochenschr 1993 Jan 30;123(4):120-4.  (Ger). 

Hathirat P, Isarangkura P, Srichaikul T, Suvatte V, Mitrakul
C. Abnormal hemostasis in dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1993;24 Suppl
1:80-5. 

Hayes EB, Gubler DJ. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic
fever. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992 Apr;11(4):311-7. 

Henchal EA, Putnak JR. The dengue viruses. Clin Microbiol
Rev 1990 Oct;3(4):376-96. 

Hendarto SK, Hadinegoro SR. Dengue encephalopathy. Acta
Paediatr Jpn 1992 Jun;34(3):350-7. 

Hoke CH Jr, Malinoski FJ, Eckels KH, Scott RM, Dubois
DR, Summers PL, Simms T, Burrous J, Hasty SE,
Bancroft WH. Preparation of an attenuated dengue 4
(341750 Carib) virus vaccine. II. Safety and
immunogenicity in humans. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1990
Aug;43(2):219-26. 

Hokenberg I, Vene S. [Dengue fever. Important differential
diagnosis from malaria and typhoid fever].
Lakartidningen 1994 Oct 12;91(41):3692-4.  (Swe). 

Hotta H, Homma M. Lectin-mediated enhancement of
dengue virus infection in a mouse macrophage cell line
Mk1. Arch Virol 1994;134(1-2):51-9. 

Hotta S. [Histopathology of liver in dengue infections: a facet
of the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock
syndrome (DHF/DSS) (abstract)]. Nippon Nettai Igakkai
Zasshi 1992;20(1):56-7.  (Jpn). 

Imported dengue--United States, 1993-1994. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1995 May 12;44(18):353-6. 

Innis BL, Khin SAM, Nisalak A, Ishak KG, Nimmannitya S,
Laohapand T, Tanprasertsuk S, Pongritsakda V,
Thisyakorn U. Acute liver failure is one important cause
of fatal dengue infection [abstract]. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):695-6. 

Isarangkura P, Tuchinda S. The behavior of transfused
platelets in dengue hemorrhagic fever. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1993;24 Suppl 1:222-4. 

Iyngkaran N, Yadav M, Sinniah M. Augmented
inflammatory cytokines in primary dengue infection
progressing to shock. Singapore Med J 1995 Apr;36(2):
218-21. 

Jacobs MG, Brook MG, Weir WR, Bannister BA. Dengue
haemorrhagic fever: a risk of returning home. BMJ 1991
Apr 6;302(6780):828-9. 

Kabra SK, Verma IC, Arora NK, Jain Y, Kalra V. Dengue
haemorrhagic fever in children in Delhi. Bull World
Health Organ 1992;70(1):105-8. 

Kasim YA, Anky Tri Rini KE, Sumarmo SP.
Hyperventilation in children with dengue hemorrhagic
fever (DHF). Paediatr Indones 1991 Sep-Oct;31(9-10):
245-52. 

Kawano H, Rostapshov V, Rosen L, Lai CJ. Genetic
determinants of dengue type 4 virus neurovirulence for
mice. J Virol 1993 Nov;67(11):6567-75. 

Khanna M, Chaturvedi UC, Sharma MC, Pandey VC,
Mathur A. Increased capillary permeability mediated by a
dengue virus-induced lymphokine. Immunology 1990
Mar;69(3):449-53. 

Khin MM, Jirakanjanakit N, Yoksan S, Bhamarapravati N.
Infection, dissemination, transmission, and biological
attributes of dengue-2 PDK53 candidate vaccine virus
after oral infection in Aedes aegypti. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1994 Dec;51(6):864-9. 

King CC, Ku CC. Enhancing viral yields of human bone
marrow cell infected with dengue hemorrhagic fever virus
strain [abstract]. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1995;(19A):317.
Keystone Symposium on Molecular Aspects of Viral
Immunity; 1995 Jan 16-23; Keystone, CO.

Kliks S. Antibody-enhanced infection of monocytes as the
pathogenetic mechanism for severe dengue illness. AIDS
Res Hum Retrovirusus 1990;6(8):993-8. 

Kollmann M, Klauss V, Loscher T, Mueller A.
Haemorrhagic retinitis and optic neuritis in dengue
[abstract]. Trop Med Parasitol 1991;42(4):447. 

Krippner R, Hanisch G, Kretschmer H. [Dengue fever with
hemorrhagic manifestations after a stay in Thailand].
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1990 Jun 1;115(22):858-62. 
(Ger). 

Ku CC, Chien LJ, King CC. Dengue virus virulence and its
interactions with macrophages and lymphocytes
[abstract]. Keystone Symposium on Molecular Aspects of
Viral Immunity; 1995 Jan 16-23; Keystone, CO. J Cell
Biochem Suppl 1995;(19A): 299.

Kuno G. Computer literature searches on dengue. Bull World
Health Organ. 1993;71(2):165-72.

Kuno G, Bailey RE. Cytokine responses to dengue infection
among Puerto Rican patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz
1994 Apr-Jun;89(2):179-82. 

Kuno G, Gubler DJ, Oliver A. Use of 'original antigenic sin'
theory to determine the serotypes of previous dengue
infections. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jan-Feb;
87(1):103-5. 

Kuno G, Vorndam AV, Gubler DJ, Gomez I. Study of
anti-dengue NS1 antibody by western blot. J Med Virol
1990 Oct;32(2):102-8. 

Kurane I, Ennis FA. Cytokines in dengue virus infections:
role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of dengue
hemorrhagic fever. Semin Virol 1994;5(6):443-8.

Kurane I, Ennis FE. Immunity and immunopathology in
dengue virus infections. Semin Immunol 1992 Apr;
4(2):121-7. 

Kurane I, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Nisalak A, Meager A,
Ennis FA. High levels of interferon alpha in the sera of
children with dengue virus infection. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1993 Feb;48(2):222-9. 

Kurane I, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Nisalak A, Meager A,
Janus J, Ennis FA. Activation of T lymphocytes in
dengue virus infections. High levels of soluble interleukin
2 receptor, soluble CD4, soluble CD8, interleukin 2, and
interferon-gamma in sera of children with dengue. J Clin
Invest 1991 Nov;88(5):1473-80. 

Kurane I, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Nisalak A, Rothman
AL, Livingston PG, Janus J, Ennis FA. Human immune
responses to dengue viruses. Southeast Asian J Trop Med
Public Health 1990 Dec;21(4):658-62. 

Kurane I, Rothman AL, Bukowski JF, Kontny U, Janus J,
Innis BL, Nisalak A, et al. T-lymphocyte responses to
dengue viruses. In: Brinton MA, Heinz FX, editors. New
aspects of positive-strand RNA viruses. 2nd International
Symposium on Positive Strand RNA Viruses; 1989 Jun;
Vienna, Austria. Washington: American Society for
Microbiology; 1990.

Kurane I, Rothman AL, Livingston PG, Green S, Gagnon SJ,
Janus J, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Nisalak A, Ennis FA.
Immunopathologic mechanisms of dengue hemorrhagic
fever and dengue shock syndrome. Arch Virol Suppl
1994;9:59-64. 

la Russa VF, Innis BL. Mechanisms of dengue virus- induced
bone marrow suppression. Baillieres Clin Haematol 1995
Mar;8(1):249-70. 

Lam SK. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever [editorial].
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990 Dec;
21(4):520-1. 

Lam SK. Two decades of dengue in Malaysia. Trop Med
1993;35(4):195-200.

Laohapand T, Panchatikanond P, Malasit P, Khin Saw
Myint, Innis B, Suvatte V. Histopathology and
localization of dengue virus antigen in tissues of dengue
hemorrhagic fever patients [abstract]. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):707. 

Leblois H, Young PR. Sequence of the dengue virus type 2
(strain PR-159) NS1 gene and comparison with its
vaccine derivative. Nucleic Acids Res 1993 Apr 11;
21(7):1668. 

Leclerc C, Deriaud E, Megret F, Briand JP, Van
Regenmortel MH, Deubel V. Identification of helper T
cell epitopes of dengue virus E-protein. Mol Immunol
1993 May;30(7):613-25. 

Lee E, Gubler DJ, Weir RC, Dalgarno L. Genetic and
biological differentiation of dengue 3 isolates obtained
from clinical cases in Java, Indonesia, 1976-1978. Arch
Virol 1993;133(1-2):113-25.

Leong KW, Srinivas P. Corticosteroid-responsive prolonged
thrombocytopenia following dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Med J Malaysia 1993 Sep;48(3):369-72. 

Lewin S, Pandit N, Yeshwanth M. Acute infectious
thrombocytopenic purpura and circulatory failure--is it
dengue shock syndrome? Indian Pediatr 1992 Dec;
29(12):1553-6. 

Liam CK, Yap BH, Lam SK. Dengue fever complicated by
pulmonary haemorrhage manifesting as haemoptysis. 
J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jun;96(3):197-200. 

Ligtenberg JJ, Hospers GA, Sprenger HG, Weits J.
[Hemorrhagic fever caused by dengue in 2 tourists]. Ned
Tijdschr Geneeskd 1991 Dec 14;135(50):2394-7.  (Dut). 

Littaua R, Kurane I, Ennis FA. Human IgG Fc receptor II
mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue
virus infection. J Immunol 1990 Apr 15;144(8):3183-6. 

Lorono Pino MA, Farfan Ale JA, Rosado Paredes EP, Kuno
G, Gubler DJ. Epidemic dengue 4 in the Yucatan,
Mexico, 1984. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1993
Sep-Oct;35(5):449-55. 

Lum LC. Management of dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue
shock syndrome. Malays J Pathol 1993 Jun;15(1):29-33. 

Lum LC, Lam SK, Choy YS, George R, Harun F. Dengue
encephalitis: a true entity? Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996
Mar;54(3):256-9. 

Lum LC, Lam SK, George R, Devi S. Fulminant hepatitis in
dengue infection. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public
Health 1993 Sep;24(3):467-71. 

MacDonald MB. Dengue hemorrhagic fever in camps for
displaced persons along the Thai Cambodian border
[abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1990;21(4):679. 

Mackowiak PA, Wasserman SS, Tacket CO, Vaughn DW,
Eckels KH, Dubois DR, Hoke CH, Edelman R.
Quantitative relationship between oral temperature and
severity of illness following inoculation with candidate
attenuated dengue virus vaccines. Clin Infect Dis 1994
Nov;19(5):948-50. 

Mady BJ, Erbe DV, Kurane I, Fanger MW, Ennis FA.
Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus
infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell
surface molecules other than Fc gamma receptors. 
J Immunol 1991 Nov 1;147(9):3139-44. 

Mady BJ, Kurane I, Erbe DV, Fanger MW, Ennis FA.
Neuraminidase augments Fc gamma receptor II-mediated
antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus
infection. J Gen Virol 1993 May;74(Pt 5):839-44. 

Mallet EC, Gestas P, Pilorget H, Bataille H. [Hemorrhagic
dengue with shock in children in French Polynesia]. Bull
Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(5 Pt 2):450-4.  (Fre).

Marchette NJ, Dubois DR, Larsen LK, Summers PL,
Kraiselburd EG, Gubler DJ, Eckels KH. Preparation of
an attenuated dengue 4 (341750 Carib) virus vaccine. I.
Pre-clinical studies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1990 Aug;
43(2):212-8. 

Markoff LJ, Innis BL, Houghten R, Henchal LS.
Development of cross-reactive antibodies to plasminogen
during the immune response to dengue virus infection. 
J Infect Dis 1991 Aug;164(2):294-301. 

Martinez E, Guzman MG, Valdes M, Soler M, Kouri G.
[Dengue fever and hemorrhagic dengue in infants with a
primary infection]. Rev Cubana Med Trop 1993;45(2):
97-101.  (Spa). 

Marzochi KB. Dengue in Brazil--situation, transmission and
control--a proposal for ecological control. Mem Inst
Oswaldo Cruz 1994 Apr-Jun;89(2):235-45. 

Marzochi KBF. [Dengue - clinical classification]. Cad Saude
Publica 1991;7(3):409-15.  (Por). 

McSherry J. Dengue. In: Kiple KF, editor. The Cambridge
world history of human disease. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press; 1993. p. 660-4. 

Monath TP. Dengue: the risk to developed and developing
countries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994 Mar 29;
91(7):2395-400. 

Morens DM. Antibody-dependent enhancement of infection
and the pathogenesis of viral disease. Clin Infect Dis 1994
Sep;19(3):500-12. 

Morens DM, Halstead SB. Measurement of
antibody-dependent infection enhancement of four dengue
virus serotypes by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.
J Gen Virol 1990 Dec;71(Pt 12):2909-14. 

Morens DM, Marchette NJ, Chu MC, Halstead SB. Growth
of dengue type 2 virus isolates in human peripheral blood
leukocytes correlates with severe and mild dengue
disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Nov;45(5):644-51. 

Nguyen DT, Pham NG. Epidemiology and clinical features
of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Ho Chi Minh City and
the Centre for Tropical Diseases: Viet Nam. Trop Med
1994;36(4):177-86. 

Nguyen HT, Tien TV, Nam VS, Tam NH, Ninh TU.
Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever situation in Vietnam.
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 Dec;10
Suppl:S124-30. 

Nguyen TH. Country report on dengue fever-dengue
haemorrhagic fever and Japanese encephalitis in Vietnam.
Trop Med 1994;36(4):170-6. 

Nimmannitya S, Kalayanaroo S, Nisalak A, Innis BL. Second
attack of dengue hemorrhagic fever [abstract]. Southeast
Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):699. 

Nisalak A, Nimmannitya S, Innis B. Severe dengue infections
among children in metropolitan Bangkok, 1973-1989:
description of epidemics and characterization of virus
serotypes associated with them [abstract]. Southeast Asian
J Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):678-9. 

Nogueira RM, Miagostovich MP, Lampe E, Souza RW,
Zagne SM, Schatzmayr HG. Dengue epidemic in the state
of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1990-1: co- circulation of
dengue 1 and dengue 2 serotypes. Epidemiol Infect 1993
Aug;111(1):163-70. 

Nogueira RM, Zagner SM, Martins IS, Lampe E,
Miagostovich MP, Schatzmayr HG. Dengue
haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS)
caused by serotype 2 in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz
1991 Apr-Jun;86(2):269. 

O'Sullivan MA, Killen HM. The differentiation state of
monocytic cells affects their susceptibility to infection and
the effects of infection by dengue virus. J Gen Virol 1994
Sep;75(Pt 9):2387-92. 

Okabe N. Situation of dengue fever and dengue
haemorrhagic fever and Japanese encephalitis in the
Western Pacific Region. Trop Med 1994;36(4):122-30. 

Okabe N. Situation on dengue fever and dengue
haemorrhagic fever in the Western Pacific Region. Trop
Med 1993;35(4):147-60.

Okamoto Y, Gagnon SJ, Kurane I, Leporati AM, Ennis FA.
Preferential usage of T-cell receptor V beta 17 by dengue
virus-specific human T lymphocytes in a donor with
immunity to dengue virus type 4. J Virol 1994 Nov;
68(11):7614-9. 

Patey O, Ollivaud L, Breuil J, Lafaix C. Unusual neurologic
manifestations occurring during dengue fever infection.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Jun;48(6):793-802. 

Paul SR. Arbitration of clinical diagnosis and management of
dengue hemorrhagic fever [abstract]. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):700. 

Phan DT, Ha NT, Thuc LT, Diet NH, Phu LV, Ninh LY,
An VT. Some changes in immunity and blood in relation
to clinical states of dengue hemorrhagic fever patients in
Vietnam. Haematologia (Budap) 1991;24(1):13-21.

Pina JJ de, Raphenon G, Morillon M, Fourcade L, Martet G,
Touze JE. [Pathophysiology of thrombopaenia in
haemorrhagic dengue fever]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot
1995;88(1):3-6.  (Fre). 

Poli L, Chungue E, Soulignac O, Gestas P, Kuo P, Papouin
Rauzy M. [Materno-fetal dengue. Apropos of 5 cases
observed during the epidemic in Tahiti (1989)]. Bull Soc
Pathol Exot 1991;84(5 Pt 5):513-21. (Fre). 

Pontes RJ, Ruffino-Netto A. [Dengue in a urban locality of
southeastern Brazil: epidemiological aspects]. Rev Saude
Publica 1994 Jun;28(3):218-27.  (Por).

Pramuljo HS, Harun SR. Ultrasound findings in dengue
haemorrhagic fever. Pediatr Radiol 1991;21(2):100-2. 

Preeyasombat C, Bunnag P, Sirinavin S,
Mahachoklertwattana P, Sriphrapradang A. Plasma
prostacyclin (PGI2) in dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1990 Sep;
21(3):383-7. 

Putnak R, Feighny R, Burrous J, Cochran M, Hackett C,
Smith G, Hoke C. Dengue-1 virus envelope glycoprotein
gene expressed in recombinant baculovirus elicits
virus-neutralizing antibody in mice and protects them
from virus challenge. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991
Aug;45(2):159-67. 

Qiu FX, Chen QQ, Ho QY, Chen WZ, Zhao ZG, Zhao BW.
The first epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the
People's Republic of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991
Apr;44(4):364-70. 

Qiu FX, Gubler DJ, Chen QQ, Ho QY, Chen WZ, Zhao ZG,
Zhao BW. A report on the first epidemic of dengue
haemorrhagic fever in the People's Republic of China.
Virus Inf Exch Newsl South East Asia West Pac
1990;7(4):133. 

Qiu FX, Gubler DJ, Liu JC, Chen QQ. Dengue in China: a
clinical review. Bull World Health Organ 1993;71(3-4):
349-59. 

Rajajee S, Mukundan D. Neurological manifestations in
dengue hemorrhagic fever. Indian Pediatr 1994 Jun;
31(6):688-90. 

Ramanathan M, Duraisamy G. Haemophagocytosis in dengue
haemorrhagic fever: a case report. Ann Acad Med
Singapore 1991 Nov;20(6):803-4. 

Ramirez-Ronda CH, Garcia CD. Dengue in the Western
Hemisphere. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1994 Mar;
8(1):107-28. 

Ramos C, Garcia H, Villaseca JM. [Hemorrhagic fever and
the dengue shock syndrome]. Salud Publica Mex 1993
Jan-Feb;35(1):39-55.  (Spa). 

Report. Workshop on the epidemiology and laboratory
diagnosis of dengue fever: dengue haemorrhagic fever
and Japanese encephalitis; 1994 Aug 9-15; Nagasaki,
Japan. Manila: World Health Organization, Regional
Office for the Western Pacific; 1994. 40 p.   (Report
series; no. RS/94/GE/22(JPN)/N). 

Reynes JM, Laurent A, Deubel V, Telliam E, Moreau JP.
The first epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever in French
Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994 Nov;51(5):545-53. 

Rigau-Perez JG. Hospitalizations for dengue hemorrhagic
fever (DHP) in Puerto Rico (PR), 1990-1991 [abstract].
Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents
Chemother 1993;33:361. 33rd Interscience Conference
on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 1993 Oct
17-20; New Orleans, LA.

Rigau-Perez JG, Ayuso-Lamadrid A, Wolff DR, Reiter P,
Kuno G. Dengue severity throughout seasonal changes in
incidence in Puerto Rico, 1989-1992. The Puerto Rico
Association of Epidemiologists. Am J Trop Med Hyg
1994 Oct;51(4):408-15. 

Rigau-Perez JG, Gubler DJ, Vorndam AV, Clark GG.
Dengue surveillance--United States, 1986-1992. MMWR
CDC Surveill Summ 1994 Jul 22;43(2):7-19. 

Rodriguez-Figueroa L, Rigau-Perez JG, Suarez EL, Reiter P.
Risk factors for dengue infection during an outbreak in
Yanes, Puerto Rico in 1991. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995
Jun;52(6):496-502. 

Rosenfeld SJ, Hibbs JR, Young NS. Dengue virus and
hematopoiesis. In: Young NS, editors. Viruses and bone
marrow: basic research and clinical practice. New York:
Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1993. p. 211-24. (Hematology, vol.
16).

Rosenfeld SJ, Young NS. Viruses and bone marrow failure.
Blood Rev 1991 Jun;5(2):71-7. 

Row D, Pearce M, Hapgood G, Sheridan J. Dengue and
dengue haemorrhagic fever in Charters Towers,
Queensland. Commun Dis Intell 1993;17(9):182-3. 

Samsi TK, Wulur H, Sugianto D, Bartz CR, Tan R, Sie A.
Some clinical and epidemiological observations on
virologically confirmed dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Paediatr Indones 1990 Nov-Dec;30(11-12):293-303. 

Sanyal S, Sinha S, Halder KK. Pathogenesis of dengue
haemorrhagic fever [editorial]. J Indian Med Assoc 1991
Jun;89(6):152-3. 

Sarasombath S, Khoncharoen P, Suvatte V, Webster HK,
Homchampa P. Evidence for immune cell activation in
dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome
[abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1990;21(4):706-7. 

Setiawan MW, Samsi TK, Pool TN, Sugianto D, Wulur H.
Gallbladder wall thickening in dengue hemorrhagic fever:
An ultrasonographic study. J Clin Ultrasound 1995;23(6):
357-62. 

Sharp TW, Wallace MR, Hayes CG, Sanchez JL, Defraites
RF, Arthur RR, Thornton SA, Batchelor RA, Rozmajzl
PJ, Hanson RK, Wu SJ, Iriye C, Burans JP. Dengue
fever in U.S. troops during Operation Restore Hope,
Somalia, 1992-1993. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995;53(1):
89-94. 

Shekhar KC, Huat OL. Epidemiology of dengue/dengue
hemorrhagic fever in Malaysia--a retrospective
epidemiological study 1973-1987. Part I: Dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Asia Pac J Public Health
1992-93;6(2):15-25. 

Shekhar KC, Senan P. Epidemiology of dengue and dengue
haemorrhagic fever in Malaysia. III. A comparative study
of clinical features seen in virologically confirmed cases
for periods between 1963-1987--a review. J Singapore
Paediatr Soc 1992;34(1-2):67-82. 

Sirinavin S, Hathirat P. Problems in severity grading of
dengue hemorrhagic fever [abstract]. Southeast Asian J
Trop Med Public Health 1990;21(4):696. 

Soedarmo SP. The epidemiology, control and prevention of
dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Indonesia. Trop Med
1993;35(4):161-72.

Soedarmo SP. Community participation in the control and
prevention of DHF in Indonesia. Trop Med 1993;
35(4):315-24.

Soedarmo SP. The epidemiology, prevention and control of
dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia. Kao Hsiung I
Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih 1994 Dec;10 Suppl:S109-12. 

Soeroso S. Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy
syndrome [letter]. Am J Dis Child 1992 Aug;146(8):
894-5. Comment on: Am J Dis Child 1991 Jul;
145(7):720-1. 

Sorensen E. [Dengue hemorrhagic fever. Experiences from
Thailand]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1992 Jun 30;112(17):
2194-5.  (Nor). 

Srivastava VK, Suri S, Bhasin A, Srivastava L, Bharadwaj
M. An epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever and
dengue shock syndrome in Delhi: a clinical study. Ann
Trop Paediatr 1990;10(4):329-34. 

Steinberg HN, Zeldis JB. Effect of dengue virus on
hematopoietic progenitors [letter]. Blood 1990 Feb 1;
75(3):811-2. Comment on: Blood 1989 Sep;74(4):
1235-40. 

Streatfield R, Bielby G, Sinclair D. A primary dengue 2
epidemic with spontaneous haemorrhagic manifestations
[letter]. Lancet 1993 Aug 28;342(8870):560-1. 

Sucharit S, editor. Annotated bibliography on mosquito borne
diseases in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka - 1989.
Bangkok: Mahidol University, Faculty of Tropical
Medicine, SEAMEO-TROPMED National Centre of
Thailand, Museum and Reference Centre; 1992. 112 p. 

Sucharit S, editor. Annotated bibliography on mosquito borne
diseases in Southeast Asia - 1987. Bangkok: Mahidol
University, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, SEAMEO-TROPMED 
National Centre of Thailand, Museum and Reference Centre; 1990. 
74 p. 

Suvatte V, Vajaradul C, Laohapand T. Liver failure and
hepatic encephalopathy in dengue hemorrhagic
fever/dengue shock syndrome: a correlation study with
acetaminophen usage [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop
Med Public Health 1990;21(4):694-5. 

Swaddiwudhipong W, Chaovakiratipong C, Nguntra P,
Koonchote S, Khumklam P, Lerdlukanavonge P. Effect of
health education on community participation in control of
dengue hemorrhagic fever in an urban area of Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1992
Jun;23(2):200-6. 

Swaddiwudhipong W, Lerdlukanavonge P, Khumklam P,
Koonchote S, Nguntra P, Chaovakiratipong C. A survey
of knowledge, attitude and practice of the prevention of
dengue hemorrhagic fever in an urban community of
Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1992 Jun;23(2):207-11. 

Tan CH, Yap EH, Singh M, Deubel V, Chan YC. Passive
protection studies in mice with monoclonal antibodies
directed against the non-structural protein NS3 of dengue
1 virus. J Gen Virol 1990 Mar;71(Pt 3):745-9. 

Tan PS. Clinical correlates with immunopathogenesis in
dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.
Malays J Pathol 1993 Jun;15(1):41-7. 

Tang S. [Epidemiologic trends in dengue fever and dengue
hemorrhagic fever]. Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh
Tsa Chih 1990 Apr;11(2):113-5.  (Chi). 

Tassniyom S, Chirawatkul A, Rojanasuphot S. Failure of
high dose steroids in averting death in severe dengue
shock syndrome: a double-blind randomized controlled
trial [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1990;21(4):698. 

Tassniyom S, Vasanawathana S, Chirawatkul A,
Rojanasuphot S. Failure of high-dose methylprednisolone
in established dengue shock syndrome: a
placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Pediatrics 1993
Jul;92(1):111-5. 

Teeraratkul A, Limpakarnjanaral K. Three decades of
dengue hemorrhagic fever surveillance in Thailand
1958-1987 [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public
Health 1990;21(4):684. 

Teeraratkul A, Limpakarnjanaral K, Nisalak A, Nimmannitya
S. Predictive value of clinical and laboratory findings for
early diagnosis of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever
[abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1990;21(4):696-7. 

Teruel-Lopez E. [Dengue. A review]. Invest Clin 1991;
32(4):201-17.  (Spa). 

Thaithumyanon P, Thisyakorn U, Deerojnawong J, Innis BL.
Dengue infection complicated by severe hemorrhage and
vertical transmission in a parturient woman. Clin Infect
Dis 1994 Feb;18(2):248-9.

Thein S, Aaskov J, Myint TT, Shwe TN, Saw TT, Zaw A.
Changes in levels of anti-dengue virus IgG subclasses in
patients with disease of varying severity. J Med Virol
1993 Jun;40(2):102-6. 

Thisyakorn U, Nimmannitya S. Nutritional status of children
with dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Infect Dis 1993
Feb;16(2):295-7. 

Thisyakorn U, Thisyakorn C. Diseases caused by
arboviruses--dengue haemorrhagic fever and Japanese B
encephalitis. Med J Aust 1994 Jan 3;160(1):22-6. 

Tjandra H. Management of dengue shock syndrome. A
prospective study. Paediatr Indones 1991 Nov-Dec;
31(11-12):289-93. 

Tsai CJ, Kuo CH, Chen PC, Changcheng CS. Upper
gastrointestinal bleeding in dengue fever. Am J
Gastroenterol 1991 Jan;86(1):33-5. 

Vaccine prospects for dengue haemorrhagic fever [news].
World Health Forum 1993;14(2):203. 

Vaughn DW, Hoke CH, Yoksan S, Rice R, Dubois DR,
Summers PL, Burrous MJ, Innis BL, Myint KS,
Bhamarapravati N. Phase I testing of a dengue-2
live-attenuated vaccine strain 16681 PDK 53 in American
volunteers [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47(4
Suppl):99-100. 41st Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 1992 Nov
15-9; Seattle, WA.

Vitarana T. Dengue haemorrhagic fever. Ceylon Med J 1990
Sep;35(3):83-7. 

Vitarana T, de Silva H, Withana N, Gunasekera C. Elevated
tumour necrosis factor in dengue fever and dengue
haemorrhagic fever. Ceylon Med J 1991 Jun;36(2):63-5. 

Vitarana T, Jayasekera N. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
outbreak in Sri Lanka [abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop
Med Public Health 1990;21(4):682. 

World Health Organization. International travel and health:
vaccination requirements and health advice: situation as
on 1 January 1995. Geneva: The Organization; 1995. 
104 p. 

Yadav M, Kamath KR, Iyngkaran N, Sinniah M. Dengue
haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome: are they
tumour necrosis factor-mediated disorders? FEMS
Microbiol Immunol 1991 Dec;4(1):45-9. 

Yadava RL, Narasimham MVVL. Epidemiology and control
of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in India
[abstract]. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health
1990;21(4):683. 

Yamshchikov VF, Compans RW. Generation of long
flavivirus expression cassettes by in vivo recombination
and transient dominant selection. Gene 1994 Nov 18;
149(2):193-201. 

Yang KD, Lee CS, Hwang KP, Chu ML, Shaio MF. A
model to study cytokine profiles in primary and
heterologously secondary dengue-2 virus infections. Acta
Virol 1995;39(1):19-21. 

Yang KD, Wang CL, Shaio MF. Production of cytokines and
platelet activation factor in secondary dengue virus
infections [letter]. J Infect Dis 1995;172(2):604-5. 

Yasui K. Strategies of dengue vaccine development by
W.H.O. using new biotechnology. Trop Med 1993;
35(4):233-41.

Yong BH. Critical care aspects of dengue haemorrhagic
fever/dengue shock syndrome. Malays J Pathol 1993 Jun;
15(1):35-9. 

Zagne SM, Alves VG, Nogueira RM, Miagostovich MP,
Lampe E, Tavares W. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in the
state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a study of 56 confirmed
cases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994 Nov-Dec;88(6):
677-9. 


YELLOW FEVER

Aedes albopictus introduction into continental Africa, 1991.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1991 Dec 6;40(48):
836-8. 

Adu FD, Adeniji JA, Tomori O, Adelasoye A. Yellow fever
outbreak in Ipetu-Ijesa: response after mass vaccination.
Rev Roum Virol 1993 Jan-Jun;44(1-2):3-7. 

Adu FD, Esan J, Baba SS. Seroepidemiological survey for
yellow fever antibodies in domestic animals. Rev Roum
Virol 1990 Jul-Dec;41(3-4):147-50. 

Alves MC, Gurgel S de M, de Almeida M do C. [Sampling
study for larval density quantification of Aedes aegypti
and Aedes albopictus in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil].
Rev Saude Publica 1991 Aug;25(4):251-6.  (Por). 

Amberg SM, Nestorowicz A, McCourt DW, Rice CM.
NS2B-3 proteinase-mediated processing in the yellow
fever virus structural region: in vitro and in vivo studies.
J Virol 1994 Jun;68(6):3794-802. 

Ambrosch F, Fritzell B, Gregor J, Jonas S, Kollaritsch H,
Teulieres L, Wiedermann G. Combined vaccination
against yellow fever and typhoid fever: a comparative
trial. Vaccine 1994 May;12(7):625-8. 

Amstey MS. Probable congenital infection? [letter]. J Infect
Dis 1994 Jul;170(1):251. Comment on: J Infect Dis 1993
Dec;168(6):1520-3. 

Ballinger-Crabtree ME, Miller BR. Partial nucleotide
sequence of South American yellow fever virus strain
1899/81: structural proteins and NS1. J Gen Virol 1990
Sep;71(Pt 9):2115-21. 

Barrett AD, Mathews JH, Miller BR, Medlen AR, Ledger
TN, Roehrig JT. Identification of monoclonal antibodies
that distinguish between 17D-204 and other strains of
yellow fever virus. J Gen Virol 1990 Jan;71(Pt 1):13-8. 

Barrett AD, Monath TP, Cropp CB, Adkins JA, Ledger TN,
Gould EA, Schlesinger JJ, Kinney RM, Trent DW.
Attenuation of wild-type yellow fever virus by passage in
HeLa cells. J Gen Virol 1990 Oct;71(Pt 10):2301-6. 

Barros VL, Moraes MA, Bensabath G, Silva MA. [An
unusual histological aspect in a case of yellow fever that
occurred in an indigenous group of Yanomami]. Rev Soc
Bras Med Trop 1992 Oct-Dec;25(4):279-80.  (Por). 

Barry M, Patterson JE, Tirrell S, Cullen MR, Shope RE. The
effect of chloroquine prophylaxis on yellow fever vaccine
antibody response: comparison of plaque reduction
neutralization test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Jan;44(1):79-82. 

Baudon D. [Ebola virus and yellow fever: lessons to learn
from the epidemics (editorial)]. Med Trop (Mars) 1995;
55(2):133-4. 

Beale AJ. Hazards of vaccine production. FEMS Microbiol
Lett 1992 Dec 15;79(1-3):469-73. 

Bentivoglio M, Storti PV. [Appearance of the tiger mosquito
in Mantova]. Ig Mod 1995;103(2):125-31.  (Ita). 

Bonnevie-Nielsen V, Heron I, Monath TP, Calisher CH.
Lymphocytic 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity
increases prior to the appearance of neutralizing
antibodies and immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G
antibodies after primary and secondary immunization with
yellow fever vaccine. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1995
May;2(3):302-6. 

Brandriss MW, Schlesinger JJ, Walsh EE. Immunogenicity
of a purified fragment of 17D yellow fever envelope
protein. J Infect Dis 1990 Jun;161(6):1134-9. 

Buckley A, Gaidamovich S, Turchinskaya A, Gould EA.
Monoclonal antibodies identify the NS5 yellow fever
virus non-structural protein in the nuclei of infected cells.
J Gen Virol 1992 May;73(Pt 5):1125-30. 

Chadee DD. Seasonal abundance and diel landing periodicity
of Sabethes chloropterus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Trinidad,
West Indies. J Med Entomol 1990 Nov;27(6):1041-4. 

Chadee DD, Tikasingh ES, Ganesh R. Seasonality, biting
cycle and parity of the yellow fever vector mosquito
Haemagogus janthinomys in Trinidad. Med Vet Entomol
1992 Apr;6(2):143-8. 

Chambers TJ, Grakoui A, Rice CM. Processing of the yellow
fever virus nonstructural polyprotein: a catalytically
active NS3 proteinase domain and NS2B are required for
cleavages at dibasic sites. J Virol 1991 Nov;65(11):
6042-50. 

Chambers TJ, McCourt DW, Rice CM. Production of yellow
fever virus proteins in infected cells: identification of
discrete polyprotein species and analysis of cleavage
kinetics using region-specific polyclonal antisera.
Virology 1990 Jul;177(1):159-74. 

Chambers TJ, Nestorowicz A, Amberg SM, Rice CM.
Mutagenesis of the yellow fever virus NS2B protein:
effects on proteolytic processing, NS2B-NS3 complex
formation, and viral replication. J Virol 1993 Nov;67(11):
6797-807. 

Chambers TJ, Nestorowicz A, Rice CM. Mutagenesis of the
yellow fever virus NS2B/3 cleavage site: determinants of
cleavage site specificity and effects on polyprotein
processing and viral replication. J Virol 1995 Mar;69(3):
1600-5. 

Chambers TJ, Weir RC, Grakoui A, McCourt DW, Bazan
JF, Fletterick RJ, Rice CM. Evidence that the N-terminal
domain of nonstructural protein NS3 from yellow fever
virus is a serine protease responsible for site-specific
cleavages in the viral polyprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U
S A 1990 Nov;87(22):8898-902. 

Chang GJ, Cropp BC, Kinney RM, Trent DW, Gubler DJ.
Nucleotide sequence variation of the envelope protein
gene identifies two distinct genotypes of yellow fever
virus. J Virol 1995 Sep;69(9):5773-80. 

Chippaux A, Deubel V, Moreau JP, Reynes JM. [Current
situation of yellow fever in Latin America]. Bull Soc
Pathol Exot 1993;86(5 Pt 2):460-4.  (Fre). 

Cordellier R. [The epidemiology of yellow fever in Western
Africa]. Bull World Health Organ 1991;69(1):73-84. 
(Fre). 

Cordellier R. [Yellow fever in Western Africa, 1973-1987.
Observed facts--studies realized, campaign, prevention
and forecast]. World Health Stat Q 1990;43(2):52-67. 
(Fre). 

Coursaget P, Fritzell B, Blondeau C, Saliou P, Diop-Mar I.
Simultaneous injection of plasma-derived or recombinant
hepatitis B vaccines with yellow fever and killed polio
vaccines. Vaccine 1995 Jan;13(1):109-11. 

De Brito T, Siqueira SA, Santos RT, Nassar ES, Coimbra
TL, Alves VA. Human fatal yellow fever.
Immunohistochemical detection of viral antigens in the
liver, kidney and heart. Pathol Res Pract 1992 Feb;
188(1-2):177-81. 

Degallier N, Travassos da Rosa AP, Vasconcelos PF,
Guerreiro SC, Travassos da Rosa JF, Herve JP.
[Estimation of the survival rate, the relative density and
the infection rate of a population of Haemagogus
janthinomys Dyar (Diptera, Culicidae) from which strains
of yellow fever were isolated in Brazilian Amazon]. Bull
Soc Pathol Exot 1991;84(4):386-97.  (Fre). 

Despres P, Dietrich J, Girard M, Bouloy M. Recombinant
baculoviruses expressing yellow fever virus E and NS1
proteins elicit protective immunity in mice. J Gen Virol
1991 Nov;72(Pt 11):2811-6. 

Despres P, Ruiz-Linares A, Cahour A, Girard M,
Wychowski C, Bouloy M. The 15 amino acid residues
preceding the amino terminus of the envelope protein in
the yellow fever virus polyprotein precursor act as a
signal peptide. Virus Res 1990 Apr;16(1):59-75. 

dos Santos CN, Post PR, Carvalho R, Ferreira II, Rice CM,
Galler R. Complete nucleotide sequence of yellow fever
virus vaccine strains 17DD and 17D-213. Virus Res 1995
Jan;35(1):35-41. 

Drouet A, Chagnon A, Valance J, Carli P, Muzellec Y, Paris
J F. [Meningoencephalitis after vaccination against yellow
fever with the 17 D strain: 2 cases]. Rev Med Interne
1993 Apr;14(4):257-9. 

Gapochko KG, Titova TS, Savelev AP, Misnikov OP,
Evstigneev VI, Gamleshko KhP, Popova VD, Samoilova
LV. [Combined (associated) vaccination against
quarantinable infections]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1994 Sep-Oct;(5):49-53.  (Rus). 

Gibson CA, Wills MR, Gould EA, Sanders PG, Barrett AD.
Effect of administration of sodium aurothiomalate on the
virulence of yellow fever viruses in adult mice. Vaccine
1990 Dec;8(6):590-4. 

Gillett JD. The monkey myth [letter]. Lancet 1994 Jan 8;
343(8889):126. 

Gluckman SJ. Immunization of adults [letter]. N Engl J Med
1993 Sep 30;329(14):1047; discussion 1047-8. Comment
on: N Engl J Med 1993 Apr 29;328(17):1252-8. 

Grabenstein JD. Immunizations for international travel: Part
I. Hosp Pharm 1991 Jul;26(7):636-7, 640-1, 657. 

Gratz NG. Emergency control of Aedes aegypti as a disease
vector in urban areas. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 1991
Sep;7(3):353-65. 

Hahn YS, Lenches EM, Galler R, Rice CM, Dalrymple J,
Strauss JH. Expression of the structural proteins of
dengue 2 virus and yellow fever virus by recombinant
vaccinia viruses. Arch Virol 1990;115(3-4):251-65. 

Hall WC, Crowell TP, Watts DM, Barros VL, Kruger H,
Pinheiro F, Peters CJ. Demonstration of yellow fever and
dengue antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
human liver by immunohistochemical analysis. Am J
Trop Med Hyg 1991 Oct;45(4):408-17. 

Hill DR. Immunizations for foreign travel. Yale J Biol Med
1992 Jul-Aug;65(4):293-315. 

Husson van Vliet J. Assessment of an end-point microassay
for yellow fever vaccine. Biologicals 1990 Jan;18(1):
25-7. 

Ishak R, Howard CR. The thermal stability of yellow fever
vaccines. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1990 Jul-Sep;85(3):
339-45. 

Isturiz RE, Stamboulian D, Lepetic A, Mondolfi A. Health
advice for travelers to Latin America. Infect Dis Clin
North Am 1994 Mar;8(1):155-81. Published erratum
appears in Infect Dis Clin North Am 1994 Jun;8(2):xii.

Jeanes CW. Tropical health and quarantine notes. Can
Commun Dis Rep 1992 Jan 31;18(2):15-6. 

Jennings AD, Gibson CA, Miller BR, Mathews JH, Mitchell
CJ, Roehrig JT, Wood DJ, Taffs F, Sil BK, Whitby SN,
et al. Analysis of a yellow fever virus isolated from a fatal
case of vaccine-associated human encephalitis. J Infect
Dis 1994 Mar;169(3):512-8. 

Jennings AD, Whitby JE, Minor PD, Barrett AD.
Comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid
sequences of the envelope protein genes of the wild-type
French viscerotropic strain of yellow fever virus and the
live vaccine strain, French neurotropic vaccine, derived
from it. Virology 1993 Feb;192(2):692-5. 

Jennings AD, Whitby JE, Minor PD, Barrett AD.
Comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid
sequences of the structural protein genes of the yellow
fever 17DD vaccine strain from Senegal with those of
other yellow fever vaccine viruses. Vaccine 1993;11(6):
679-81. 

Kles V, Michault A, Rodhain F, Mevel F, Chastel C. [A
serological survey regarding Flaviviridae infections on the
island of Reunion (1971-1989)]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot
1994;87(2):71-6. 

Ledger TN, Sil BK, Dunster LM, Stephenson JR, Minor PD,
Barrett AD. Yellow fever 17DD vaccine virus is
temperature sensitive when grown in mosquito C6-36
cells. Vaccine 1992;10(10):652-4. 

Ledger TN, Sil BK, Wills MR, Lewis G, Kinney RM,
Jennings AD, Stephenson JR, Barrett AD. Variation in
the biological function of envelope protein epitopes of
yellow fever vaccine viruses detected with monoclonal
antibodies. Biologicals 1992 Jun;20(2):117-28. 

Lepiniec L, Dalgarno L, Huong VT, Monath TP, Digoutte
JP, Deubel V. Geographic distribution and evolution of
yellow fever viruses based on direct sequencing of
genomic cDNA fragments. J Gen Virol 1994 Feb;
75(Pt 2):417-23. 

Loutan L, Robert CF, Raeber PA. Outbreak of yellow fever
in Kenya: how doctors got the news [letter]. Lancet 1993
Apr 17;341(8851):1030. 

Makino Y, Tadano M, Saito M, Maneekarn N, Sittisombut
N, Sirisanthana V, Poneprasert B, Fukunaga T. Studies
on serological cross-reaction in sequential flavivirus
infections. Microbiol Immunol 1994;38(12):951-5. 

Marchevsky RS, Mariano J, Ferreira VS, Almeida E,
Cerqueira MJ, Carvalho R, Pissurno JW, da Rosa AP,
Simoes MC, Santos CN, et al. Phenotypic analysis of
yellow fever virus derived from complementary DNA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Jan;52(1):75-80. 

Marsden PD. Letter from Brasilia. Yellow fever. BMJ 1990
Dec 15;301(6765):1382-3. 

Merlo C, Steffen R, Landis T, Tsai T, Karabatsos N.
Possible association of encephalitis and 17D yellow fever
vaccination in a 29-year-old traveller [letter]. Vaccine
1993;11(6):691. 

Mili N. [An epidemic of yellow fever in Peru]. Rev Med
Suisse Romande 1990 May;110(5):413-5.  (Fre). 

Miller BR, Mitchell CJ. Genetic selection of a flavivirus-
refractory strain of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes
aegypti. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Oct;45(4):399-407. 

Monath TP. Yellow fever: Victor, Victoria? Conqueror,
conquest? Epidemics and research in the last forty years
and prospects for the future. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991
Jul;45(1):1-43. 

Monath TP, Nasidi A. Should yellow fever vaccine be
included in the expanded program of immunization in
Africa? A cost-effectiveness analysis for Nigeria. Am J
Trop Med Hyg 1993 Feb;48(2):274-99. 

Mosimann B, Stoll B, Francillon C, Pecoud A. Yellow fever
vaccine and egg allergy [letter]. J Allergy Clin Immunol
1995 May;95(5 Pt 1):1064. 

Mouchon D, Pignon D, Vicens R, Tu-Ha-Thanh, Tekaia F,
Teulieres L, Garrigue G. [The combined measles-yellow
fever vaccination in African infants aged 6 to 10 months].
Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1990;83(4):537-51.  (Fre). 

Nasidi A, Monath TP, Vandenberg J, Tomori O, Calisher
CH, Hurtgen X, Munube GR, Sorungbe AO, Okafor GC,
Wali S. Yellow fever vaccination and pregnancy: a four-
year prospective study. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993
May-Jun;87(3):337-9. 

Nestorowicz A, Chambers TJ, Rice CM. Mutagenesis of the
yellow fever virus NS2A/2B cleavage site: effects on
proteolytic processing, viral replication, and evidence for
alternative processing of the NS2A protein. Virology
1994 Feb 15;199(1):114-23. 

Nogueira RM, Schatzmayr HG, Miagostovich MP,
Cavalcanti SM, de Carvalho R. Use of MAC-ELISA for
evaluation of yellow fever vaccination. Rev Inst Med
Trop Sao Paulo 1992 Sep-Oct;34(5):447-50. 

Okello GB, Agata N, Ouma J, Cherogony SC, Tukei PM,
Ochieng W, den Boer JW, Sanders EJ. Outbreak of
yellow fever in Kenya [letter]. Lancet 1993 Feb 20;
341(8843):489. 

Omilabu SA, Adejumo JO, Olaleye OD, Fagbami AH, Baba
SS. Yellow fever haemagglutination-inhibiting,
neutralising and IgM antibodies in vaccinated and
unvaccinated residents of Ibadan, Nigeria. Comp
Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 1990;13(2):95-100. 

Osinusi K, Akinkugbe FM, Akinwolere OA, Fabiyi A. Safety
and efficacy of yellow fever vaccine in children less than
one-year-old. West Afr J Med 1990 Jul-Sep;9(3):200-3. 

Oyelami SA, Olaleye OD, Oyejide CO, Omilabu SA, Fatunla
BA. Severe post-vaccination reaction to 17D yellow fever
vaccine in Nigeria. Rev Roum Virol 1994 Jan-Jun;
45(1-2):25-30. 

PAHO advisory: Aedes albopictus in the Caribbean.
Epidemiol Bull 1993 Oct;14(3):15. 

Pincus S, Mason PW, Konishi E, Fonseca BA, Shope RE,
Rice CM, Paoletti E. Recombinant vaccinia virus
producing the prM and E proteins of yellow fever virus
protects mice from lethal yellow fever encephalitis.
Virology 1992 Mar;187(1):290-7. 

Post PR, Carvalho R, Galler R. Glycosylation and secretion
of yellow fever virus nonstructural protein NS1. Virus
Res 1991 Mar;18(2-3):291-302. 

Post PR, Santos CN, Carvalho R, Cruz AC, Rice CM, Galler
R. Heterogeneity in envelope protein sequence and
N-linked glycosylation among yellow fever virus vaccine
strains. Virology 1992 May;188(1):160-7. 

Post PR, Santos CN, Carvalho R, Lopes OS, Galler R.
Molecular analysis of yellow fever virus 17DD vaccine
strain. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1991 Apr-Jun;86(2):
239-46. 

Poveda JD, Raccurt CP, Le Fur R, Bailara L, Malvy JM, Le
Bras M, Saliou P, Fleury HJ. [The inhibiting effect of
anticholera vaccination carried out simultaneously or at
short intervals on yellow fever immunization. Is it real or
assumed? Results of a retrospective study]. Bull Soc
Pathol Exot 1990;83(4):529-35; discussion 535-6.  (Fre). 

Putnak JR, Schlesinger JJ. Protection of mice against yellow
fever virus encephalitis by immunization with a vaccinia
virus recombinant encoding the yellow fever virus
non-structural proteins, NS1, NS2a and NS2b. J Gen
Virol 1990 Aug;71(Pt 8):1697-702. 

Rao LV, Polasa H. Chromosomal aberrations in germ cells
of male mice immunised with attenuated viral vaccines
(human). J Med Microbiol 1990 Feb;31(2):115-8. 

Rasshchepkina MN, Levina VD, Vorobeva MS, Kozlov VG.
[The quality standardization of a national vaccine against
yellow fever]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1990
Jul;(7):47-50.  (Rus). 

Rawlins SC, Hull B, Chadee DD, Martinez R, LeMaitre A,
James F, Webb L. Sylvatic yellow fever activity in
Trinidad, 1988-1989. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1990
Jan-Feb;84(1):142-3. 

Receveur MC, Quiniou JM, Delprat P, Monlun E, Lehner V,
Le Bras M. [Simultaneous vaccination against hepatitis A
and yellow fever]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(5 Pt 2):
406-9.  (Fre). 

Resurgence of yellow fever [news]. World Health Forum
1993;14(1):91-2. 

Robert V, Lhuillier M, Meunier D, Sarthou J L, Monteny N,
Digoutte J P, Cornet M, Germain M, Cordellier R.
[Yellow fever virus, dengue 2 and other arboviruses
isolated from mosquitos, in Burkina Faso, from 1983 to
1986. Entomological and epidemiological considerations].
Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(2):90-100. 

Rodhain F. The role of monkeys in the biology of dengue
and yellow fever. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis
1991;14(1):9-19. 

Roers A, Hochkeppel HK, Horisberger MA, Hovanessian A,
Haller O. MxA gene expression after live virus
vaccination: a sensitive marker for endogenous type I
interferon. J Infect Dis 1994 Apr;169(4):807-13. 

Roisin A. [Yellow fever, a disease always present in Africa].
Sante 1994 May-Jun;4(3):201-2.  (Fre). 

Sangster MY, Heliams DB, MacKenzie JS, Shellam GR.
Genetic studies of flavivirus resistance in inbred strains
derived from wild mice: evidence for a new resistance
allele at the flavivirus resistance locus (Flv). J Virol 1993
Jan;67(1):340-7. 

Schlesinger JJ, Chapman S. Neutralizing F(ab')2 fragments
of protective monoclonal antibodies to yellow fever virus
(YF) envelope protein fail to protect mice against lethal
YF encephalitis. J Gen Virol 1995 Jan;76(Pt 1):217-20. 

Schlesinger JJ, Brandriss MW, Putnak JR, Walsh EE. Cell
surface expression of yellow fever virus non-structural
glycoprotein NS1: consequences of interaction with
antibody. J Gen Virol 1990 Mar;71(Pt 3):593-9. 

Schlesinger JJ, Foltzer M, Chapman S. The Fc portion of
antibody to yellow fever virus NS1 is a determinant of
protection against YF encephalitis in mice. Virology 1993
Jan;192(1):132-41. 

Schoub BD, Dommann CJ, Johnson S, Downie C, Patel PL.
Encephalitis in a 13-year-old boy following 17D yellow
fever vaccine. J Infect 1990 Jul;21(1):105-6. 

Shiu SY, Morikawa S, Buckley A, Higgs S, Karunakarannair
V, Blachere C, Gould EA. 17D yellow fever vaccine
virus envelope protein expressed by recombinant
baculovirus is antigenically indistinguishable from
authentic viral protein. J Gen Virol 1991 Jun;72(Pt 6):
1451-4. 

Shope R. Global climate change and infectious diseases.
Environ Health Perspect 1991 Dec;96:171-4. 

Sil BK, Dunster LM, Ledger TN, Wills MR, Minor PD,
Barrett AD. Identification of envelope protein epitopes
that are important in the attenuation process of wild-type
yellow fever virus. J Virol 1992 Jul;66(7):4265-70. 

Sinha MK, Majumder NM. Will the present health check-up
system invite yellow fever in India? Indian J Public
Health 1990 Apr-Jun;34(2):119-21. 

Sood DK, Aggarwal RK, Kumar S, Sokhey J. A rapid test
for measuring the infectivity of Yellow Fever vaccine.
Vaccine 1995 Apr;13(5):427-8. 

Sood DK, Aggarwal RK, Sharma SB, Sokhey J, Singh H.
Study on the stability of 17D-204 yellow fever vaccine
before and after stabilization. Vaccine 1993;11(11):
1124-8. 

Soula G, Sylla A, Pichard E, Kodio B, Bentejac MC,
Teulieres L, Saliou P. [A new combined vaccine against
yellow fever and measles in infants aged 6 to 24 months
in Mali]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1991;84(5 Pt 5):885-97. 
(Fre). 

Tabachnick WJ. Evolutionary genetics and arthropod-borne
disease the yellow fever mosquito. Am Entomol 1991;
37(1):14-24. 

Takacs M, Berencsi G, Mezey I, Brojnas J, Barcsay E,
Garamvolgyi E, Hutter E, Ferenczi E, Pipirasz E, Hollos
I, et al. Detection of transfusion-associated hepatitis
caused by non-A, non-B, non-C flavivirus. Acta
Microbiol Immunol Hung 1994;41(1):83-9. 

Thonnon J, Chauvancy G. [Evaluation of the immunological
and entomological indices of yellow fever in the
subprefecture of Tai, Ivory Coast]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot
1994;87(1):7-10.  (Fre). 

Tignor GH, Casals J, Shope RE. The yellow fever epidemic
in Ethiopia, 1961-1962: retrospective serological evidence
for concomitant Ebola or Ebola-like virus infection. Trans
R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993 Mar-Apr;87(2):162. 

Tsai TF, Paul R, Lynberg MC, Letson GW. Congenital
yellow fever virus infection after immunization in
pregnancy. J Infect Dis 1993 Dec;168(6):1520-3.
Comment in: J Infect Dis 1994 Jul;170(1):251. 

[Update: International Task Force for Disease Eradication.
1990 and 1991]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1992 Mar 27;
67(13):89-91.  (Fre). 

Vicens R, Robert V, Pignon D, Zeller H, Ghipponi PM,
Digoutte JP. [Yellow fever epidemic in the extreme North
of Cameroon in 1990: first yellow fever virus isolation in
Cameroon]. Bull World Health Organ 1993;71(2):173-6. 
(Fre). 

Wang E, Ryman KD, Jennings AD, Wood DJ, Taffs F,
Minor PD, Sanders PG, Barrett AD. Comparison of the
genomes of the wild-type French viscerotropic strain of
yellow fever virus with its vaccine derivative French
neurotropic vaccine. J Gen Virol 1995 Nov;76(Pt 11):
2749-55. 

Warrener P, Tamura JK, Collett MS. RNA-stimulated
NTPase activity associated with yellow fever virus NS3
protein expressed in bacteria. J Virol 1993 Feb;67(2):
989-96. 

Weijers RN, Mulder J, Lawson C, Leunissen J. Induction of
autoantibodies to human enzymes following viral
infection: a biologically relevant hypothesis. Eur J Clin
Chem Clin Biochem 1992 Aug;30(8):449-54. 

Wilder MH. Counseling the international traveler. Update
'93. J Fla Med Assoc 1993 May;80(5):334-40. 

[Yellow fever]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1993 May 28;68(22):
159-60.  (Fre). 

Yellow fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 Jun 9;70(23):163-4. 

Yellow fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 Jun 16;70(24):
175-6. 

[Yellow fever. Epidemic in Cameroon, 1990]. Wkly
Epidemiol Rec 1991 Mar 15;66(11):76-7.  (Fre). 

[Yellow fever. Investigation of an epidemic in Imo State].
Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 Apr 14;70(15):107-10.  (Fre). 

[Yellow fever in 1988]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990 Jul 13;
65(28):213-9.  (Fre). 

[Yellow fever in 1989 and 1990]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1992
Aug 14;67(33):245-51.  (Fre). 

[Yellow fever in 1991]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1993 Jul 16;
68(29):209-15.  (Fre). 

[Yellow fever in 1992 and 1993]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995
Mar 10;70(10):65-70.  (Fre). 

Yellow fever in Kenya. Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly 1993
Feb 19;3(8):33. 

Yellow fever vaccine. Recommendations of the Immunization
Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1990 May 4;39(RR-6):1-6. 

[Yellow fever virus surveillance in Western Africa]. Wkly
Epidemiol Rec 1994 Apr 1;69(13):93-5.  (Fre). 

[Yellow-fever vaccinating centres for international travel.
Amendments to 1991 publication]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec
1991 Nov 22;66(47):348-51.  (Fre). 

Yoshida CF, Rouzere CD, Nogueira RM, Lampe E,
Travassos-da-Rosa MA, Vanderborght BO, Schatzmayr
HG. Human antibodies to dengue and yellow fever do not
react in diagnostic assays for hepatitis C virus. Braz J
Med Biol Res 1992;25(11):1131-5. 

Zeze DG, Koffi AA. [Stegomyian indices and
epidemiological status of yellow fever in a rural area of
the Ivory Coast]. Med Trop (Mars) 1994;54(4):324-30. 
(Fre). 


KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE

Adhikari Prabha MR, Prabhu MG, Raghuveer CV, Bai M,
Mala MA. Clinical study of 100 cases of Kyasasnur
Forest disease with clinicopathological correlation. Indian
J Med Sci 1993 May;47(5):124-30.

Venugopal K, Gritsun T, Lashkevich VA, Gould EA.
Analysis of the structural protein gene sequence shows
Kyasanur Forest disease virus as a distinct member in the
tick-borne encephalitis virus serocomplex. J Gen Virol
1994;75(1):227-32.


OMSK HEMORRHAGIC FEVER

Foberg U, Fryden A, Isaksson B, Jahrling P, Johnson A,
McKee K, Niklasson B, Normann B, Peters C, Bengtsson
M. Viral haemorrhagic fever in Sweden: experiences
from management of a case. Scand J Infect Dis 1991;
23(2):143-51.

Gritsun TS, Lashkevich VA, Gould EA. Nucleotide and
deduced amino acid sequence of the envelope
glycoprotein of Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus;
comparison with other flaviviruses. J Gen Virol 1993
Feb;74(Pt 2):287-91.


FILOVIRUS INFECTIONS

Barr J, Chambers P, Pringle CR, Easton AJ. Sequence of the
major nucleocapsid protein gene of pneumonia virus of
mice: sequence comparisons suggest structural homology
between nucleocapsid proteins of pneumoviruses,
paramyxoviruses, rhabdoviruses and filoviruses. J Gen
Virol 1991 Mar;72(Pt 3):677-85.

Becker S, Feldmann H, Will C, Slenczka W. Evidence for
occurrence of filovirus antibodies in humans and imported
monkeys: do subclinical filovirus infections occur
worldwide? Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl) 1992;181(1):
43-55.

Bukreyev AA, Volchkov VE, Blinov VM, Netesov SV. The
VP35 and VP40 proteins of filoviruses. Homology
between Marburg and Ebola viruses. FEBS Lett 1993
May 3;322(1):41-6.

Corey L. Rabies rhabdoviruses and Marburg-like agents. In:
Wilson JD, et al., editors. Harrison's principles of
internal medicine. 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill;
1991. p. 720-5.

Elliott LH, Bauer SP, Perez-Oronoz G, Lloyd ES. Improved
specificity of testing methods for filovirus antibodies.
J Virol Methods 1993 Jun;43(1):85-9.

Feldmann H, Klenk HD, Sanchez A. Molecular biology and
evolution of filoviruses. Arch Virol Suppl 1993;7:81-100.

Feldmann H, Nichol ST, Klenk HD, Peters CJ, Sanchez A.
Characterization of filoviruses based on differences in
structure and antigenicity of the virion glycoprotein.
Virology 1994 Mar;199(2):469-73.

Fisher-Hoch SP, Brammer TL, Trappier SG, Hutwagner LC,
Farrar BB, Ruo SL, Brown BG, Hermann LM,
Perez-Oronoz GI, Goldsmith CS, et al. Pathogenic
potential of filoviruses: role of geographic origin of
primate host and virus strain. J Infect Dis 1992 Oct;
166(4):753-63.

Fisher-Hoch SP, Perez-Oronoz GI, Jackson EL, Hermann
LM, Brown BG. Filovirus clearance in non-human
primates. Lancet 1992 Aug 22;340(8817):451-3.

Jahrling PB. Marburg virus, Ebola virus, and the
arenaviruses. In: Rose NR, et al., editors. Manual of
clinical laboratory immunology. 4th ed. Washington:
American Society for Microbiology; 1992. p. 619-30.

Johnson ED, Gonzalez JP, Georges A. Filovirus activity
among selected ethnic groups inhabiting the tropical forest
of equatorial Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993
Sep-Oct;87(5):536-8.

Johnson ED, Gonzalez JP, Georges A. Haemorrhagic fever
virus activity in equatorial Africa: distribution and
prevalence of filovirus reactive antibody in the Central
African Republic. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993
Sep-Oct;87(5):530-5.

Johnson KM. Marburg and Ebola viruses. In: Mandell GL,
Douglas RG Jr, Bennet JE, editors. Principles and
practice of infectious diseases. 3rd ed. New York:
Churchill Livingston; 1990. p. 1303-6.

Lecatsas G, Neethling FA, De Klerk WA, Gridelli B.
Filovirus seropositivity in prospective organ donor
baboons. Transplant Proc 1992 Apr;24(2):617-8.

Niklasson B, Tegnell A, Eriksson H. [Filovirus--a cause of
hemorrhagic fever]. Lakartidningen 1995 Jul 12;
92(28-29):2729-31.  (Swe).

Peters CJ, Jahrling PB, Ksiazek TG, Johnson ED, Lupton
HW. Filovirus contamination of cell cultures. Dev Biol
Stand 1992;76:267-74

Peters CJ, Johnson ED, Jahrling PB, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE,
White J, Hall W, Trotter R, Jaax N. Filoviruses. In:
Morse SS, editor. Emerging viruses. Oxford: Oxford
University Press; 1993. p. 159-75.

Peters CJ, Sanchez A, Feldmann H, Rollin PE, Nichol S,
Ksiazek TG. Filoviruses as emerging pathogens. Sem
Virol 1994;5(2):147-54.

Pshenichnov VA, Makhlai AA, Mikhailov VV. [Research
with the Marburg, Lassa and Ebola viruses]. Vopr
Virusol 1993 Mar-Apr;38(2):54-8.  (Rus).

Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Jahrling PB, Haines M, Peters CJ.
Detection of Ebola-like viruses by immunofluorescence
[letter]. Lancet 1990 Dec 22;336(8730):1591.

Sanchez A, Kiley MP, Holloway BP, Auperin DD. Sequence
analysis of the Ebola virus genome: organization, genetic
elements, and comparison with the genome of Marburg
virus. Virus Res 1993 Sep;29(3):215-40.

Sanchez A, Kiley MP, Klenk HD, Feldmann H. Sequence
analysis of the Marburg virus nucleoprotein gene:
comparison to Ebola virus and other non-segmented
negative-strand RNA viruses. J Gen Virol 1992 Feb;
73(Pt 2):347-57.

Simpson DI. The filovirus enigma. Lancet 1995 May 20;
345(8960):1252-3. Comment on: Lancet 1995 May 20;
345(8960):1271-4.


EBOLA

Anderson GC. Monkey imports may be curtailed in US
[news]. Nature 1990 Mar 22;344(6264):280.

Anderson GC. US shuts down monkey trade [news]. Nature
1990 Mar 29;344(6265):369.

Bennett D, Brown D. Ebola virus [editorial]. BMJ 1995 
May 27;310(6991):1344-5.

Burkhardt U, Blessing J. [Ebola virus and hemorrhagic
fever--still a mysterious disease. Pathogens are endemic
in tropical Africa--humans and monkeys are apparently
only secondary hosts]. Fortschr Med 1995 Jun 10;
113(16):43-5. 

Camprasse MA. [Ebola 1995: history repeats itself
(editorial)]. Sante 1995 May-Jun;5(3):143-4. (Fre).

Chepurnov AA, Chuev IuP, Piankov OV, Efimova IV. [The
effect of some physical and chemical factors on
inactivation of the Ebola virus]. Vopr Virusol 1995
Mar-Apr;40(2):74-6.  (Rus).

Chepurnov AA, Merzlikin NV, Chepurnova TS, Vorobeva
MS. [Preparation of rabbit antiserum to Ebola virus].
Vopr Virusol 1994 Nov-Dec;39(6):286-8.  (Rus).

Chepurnov AA, Merzlikin NV, Rabchikova EI, Chepurnova
TS, Volchkov VE, Istomina NN, Kuzmin VA, Vorobeva
MS. [Isolation of purified Ebola virus]. Vopr Virusol
1994 Nov-Dec;39(6):254-7.  (Rus).

Clegg JCS, Lloyd G. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire,
1995: A perspective. Curr Opin Infect Dis 1995;8(4):
225-8.

Dalgard DW, Hardy RJ, Pearson SL, Pucak GJ, Quander
RV, Zack PM, Peters CJ, Jahrling PB. Combined simian
hemorrhagic fever and Ebola virus infection in
cynomolgus monkeys. Lab Anim Sci 1992 Apr;42(2):
152-7.

Dedkova LM, Kudoiarova NM, Chepurpov AA, Ofitserov
VI. [Composition and immunochemical properties of goat
immunoglobulins against the Ebola virus]. Vopr Virusol
1994 Sep-Oct;39(5):229-32.  (Rus).

Downs WG. Ebola virus disease.  In: Kiple KF, editor. The
Cambridge world history of human disease. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press; 1993. p. 699-702.

Dyer O. Ebola threat eases [news]. BMJ 1995 May 27;
310(6991):1353.

Ebola again [news]. Am J Infect Control 1995 Jun;23(3):
214. 

[Ebola haemorrhagic fever]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 
May 19;70(20):147-8.  (Fre).

Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 
May 26;70(21):149-51. 

Ebola haemorrhagic fever. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1995 
Jun 2;70(22):158. 

Ebola hemorrhagic fever. A brief description. Can Commun
Dis Rep 1995 Jun 15;21(11):103-4. 

Ebola-Reston virus infection among quarantined nonhuman
primates--Texas, 1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
1996 Apr 19;45(15):314-6. 

[Ebola virus]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 1990 Feb 16;65(7):45-7. 
(Fre).

[Ebola virus infection in imported primates--United States].
Can Dis Wkly Rep 1990 Jan 27;16(4):17-8.  (Fre).

Elliott LH, Sanchez A, Holloway BP, Kiley MP, McCormick
JB. Ebola protein analyses for the determination of
genetic organization. Arch Virol 1993;133(3-4):423-36.

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--Zaire, 1995.
JAMA 1995 Jun 14;273(22):1747-8. 

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--
Zaire, 1995. JAMA 1995 Jun 14;273(22):1748. 

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Update: outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--
Zaire, 1995. JAMA 1995 Aug 2;274(5):373-4.

Geisbert TW, Jahrling PB. Use of immunoelectron
microscopy to show Ebola virus during the 1989 United
States epizootic. J Clin Pathol 1990 Oct;43(10):813-6.

Geisbert TW, Jahrling PB, Hanes MA, Zack PM.
Association of Ebola-related Reston virus particles and
antigen with tissue lesions of monkeys imported to the
United States. J Comp Pathol 1992 Feb;106(2):137-52.

Geisbert TW, Rhoderick JB, Jahrling PB. Rapid identification
of Ebola virus and related filoviruses in fluid specimens
using indirect immunoelectron microscopy. J Clin Pathol
1991 Jun;44(6):521-2.

Gonzalez JP. [Ebola, a tranquil river in the heart of Africa
(editorial)]. Sante 1995 May-Jun;5(3):145-6. (Fre).

Hayes CG, Burans JP, Ksiazek TG, Del Rosario RA,
Miranda ME, Manaloto CR, Barrientos AB, Robles CG,
Dayrit MM, Peters CJ. Outbreak of fatal illness among
captive macaques in the Philippines caused by an
Ebola-related filovirus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992 Jun;
46(6):664-71.

Heymann DL, Piot P. The laboratory, epidemiology,
nosocomial infection and HIV [editorial]. AIDS 1994
May;8(5):705-6.

Jahrling PB, Geisbert TW, Dalgard DW, Johnson ED,
Ksiazek TG, Hall WC, Peters CJ. Preliminary report:
isolation of Ebola virus from monkeys imported to USA.
Lancet 1990 Mar 3;335(8688):502-5.

Kelly MJ. Research on Ebola virus [letter]. Lancet 1996 Mar
9;347(9002):691. 

Kita J. [Continuation of infectious diseases: Epidemics-
epizootics]. Med Wet 1994;50(11):529-33.  (Pol).

Krasnianskii BP, Mikhailov VV, Borisevich IV, Gradoboev
VN, Evseev AA, Pshenichnov VA. [Preparation of
hyperimmune horse serum against Ebola virus]. Vopr
Virusol 1995 May-Jun;40(3):138-40.  (Rus).

Krasnianskii VP, Mikhailov VV, Borisevich IV, Gradoboev
VN, Evseev AA, Pshenichnov VA. [The isolation of
hyperimmune horse serum to the Ebola virus]. Vopr
Virusol 1994 Mar-Apr;39(2):91-2.  (Rus).

Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Jahrling PB, Johnson E, Dalgard
DW, Peters CJ. Enzyme immunosorbent assay for Ebola
virus antigens in tissues of infected primates. J Clin
Microbiol 1992 Apr;30(4):947-50.

Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Jahrling PB, Peters CJ. Enzyme
immunosorbent assays for Ebola virus IGG and IGM
antibodies [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;
64(3 Suppl):173. 40th Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; 1991 Dec 1-5;
Boston.

Le Guenno B, Formentry P, Wyers M, Gounon P, Walker F,
Boesch C. Isolation and partial characterisation of a new
strain of Ebola virus. Lancet 1995 May 20;345(8960):
1271-4. Comment in: Lancet 1995 May 20;345(8960):
1252-3.

Lee F. Infectious terror [news]. Nurs Times 1995 May
31-Jun 6;91(22):18. 

Leutwyler K. Hide-and-seek. Ebola--and the funds to study
it--eludes researchers [news]. Sci Am 1995 Sep;
273(3):34-6. 

Merzlikin NV, Chepurnov AA, Istomina NN, Ofitserov VI,
Vorobeva MS. [Development and application of an
immunoenzyme test system for diagnosing Ebola fever].
Vopr Virusol 1995 Jan-Feb;40(1):31-5.  (Rus).

Mikhailov VV, Borisevich IV, Chernikova NK, Potryvaeva
NV, Krasnianskii VP. [The evaluation in hamadryas
baboons of the possibility for the specific prevention of
Ebola fever]. Vopr Virusol 1994 Mar-Apr;39(2):82-4. 
(Rus).

Miranda ME, White ME, Dayrit MM, Hayes CG, Ksiazek
TG, Burans JP. Seroepidemiological study of filovirus
related to Ebola in the Philippines [letter]. Lancet 1991
Feb 16;337(8738):425-6.

Morell V. Chimpanzee outbreak heats up search for Ebola
origin [news]. Science 1995 May 19;268(5213):974-5.

Morosetti G, Nardo P de. [Update on cases of Ebola virus
infection with special reference to the examination of
non-human primates]. Nuovo Prog Vet 1990;45(11):
415-8, 420.  (Ita).

Muyembe T, Kipasa M. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Kikwit,
Zaire. International Scientific and Technical Committee
and WHO Collaborating Centre for Haemorrhagic Fevers
[letter]. Lancet 1995 Jun 3;345(8962):1448.

Outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever--Zaire, 1995.
Epidemiol Bull 1995 Jul;16(2):16. 

Outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--Zaire, 1995.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995 May 19;44(19):
381-2.

Palca J. Import rules threaten research on primates [news].
Science 1990 Jun 1;248(4959):1071-3. Comment in:
Science 1990 Oct 26;250(4980):492.

Palca J. Not enough monkey business [news]. Science 1990
Oct 26;250(4980):502.

Pereboeva LA, Tkachev VK, Kolesnikova LV, Krendeleva
LIa, Riabchikova EI, Smolina MP. [The ultrastructural
changes in guinea pig organs during the serial passage of
the Ebola virus]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Jul-Aug;38(4):
179-82.  (Rus).

Piankov OV, Sergeev AN, Piankova OG, Chepurnov AA.
[Experimental Ebola fever in Macaca mulatta]. Vopr
Virusol 1995 May-Jun;40(3):113-5.  (Rus).

Pierard GE. [Ebola virus disease, a tropical hemorrhagic
fever]. Rev Med Liege 1995 Jun;50(6):241-3.  (Fre).

Preston R. The hot zone. 1st ed. New York: Random House;
1994. 300 p.

Riabchikova EI, Baranova SG, Tkachev VK, Grazhdantseva
AA. [The morphological changes in Ebola infection in
guinea pigs]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Jul-Aug;38(4):176-9. 
(Rus).

Roper WL. Filovirus infection in newly imported monkeys
[letter]. Science 1990 Oct 26;250(4980):492. Comment
on: Science 1990 Jun 1;248(4959):1071-3.

Sanchez A, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Peters CJ, Nichol ST,
Khan AS, Mahy BWJ. Reemergence of Ebola virus in
Africa. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jul-Sep
[cited 1996 Jun 5];1(3):[6 screens]. Available from:
National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm

Sun M. Imported monkey puzzle [news]. Science 1990 
Mar 30;247(4950):1538. Comment in: Science 1990 
Jun 22;248(4962):1473.

Tignor GH, Casals J, Shope RE. The yellow fever epidemic
in Ethiopia 1961-1962 retrospective serologic evidence
for concomitant Ebola or Ebola-like virus infection
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47(4 Suppl): 241.
41st Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene; 1992 Nov 15-19; Seattle.

Tignor GH, Casals J, Shope RE. The yellow fever epidemic
in Ethiopia, 1961-1962: retrospective serological evidence
for concomitant Ebola or Ebola-like virus infection. Trans
R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993 Mar-Apr;87(2):162.

Titenko AM. [Ebola hemorrhagic fever]. Zh Mikrobiol
Epidemiol Immunobiol 1993 May-Jun;(3):99-105.  (Rus).

Titenko AM, Novozhilov SS, Andaev EI, Borisova TI,
Kulikova EV. [Ebola virus reproduction in cell cultures].
Vopr Virusol 1992 Mar-Apr;37(2):110-3.  (Rus).

Update: Ebola-related filovirus infection in nonhuman
primates and interim guidelines for handling nonhuman
primates during transit and quarantine. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1990 Jan 19;39(2):22-4, 29-30.

Update: evidence of filovirus infection in an animal caretaker
in a research/service facility. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly
Rep 1990 May 4;39(17):296-7.

Update: filovirus infection associated with contact with
nonhuman primates or their tissues. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1990 Jun 22;39(24):404-5.

Update: filovirus infection in animal handlers. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1990 Apr 6;39(13):221.

Update: filovirus infections among persons with occupational
exposure to nonhuman primates. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep 1990 Apr 27;39(16):266-7, 273.

Update: outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--Zaire,
1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995 May 26;
44(20):399.

Update: outbreak of Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever--Zaire,
1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1995 Jun 30;
44(25):468-9, 475.

Viral haemorrhagic fever in Zaire: update. Commun Dis Rep
CDR Wkly 1995 May 19;5(20):93. 

Viral haemorrhagic fever: outbreak in Zaire. Commun Dis
Rep CDR Wkly 1995 May 12;5(19):89.

Volchkov VE, Blinov VM, Netesov SV. The envelope
glycoprotein of Ebola virus contains an
immunosuppressive-like domain similar to oncogenic
retroviruses. FEBS Lett 1992 Jul 6;305(3):181-4.


MARBURG

Agafonov AP, Ignatev GM, Kuzmin VA, Akimenko ZL,
Kosareva TV, Kashentseva EA. [The immunogenic
properties of Marburg virus proteins]. Vopr Virusol 1992
Jan-Feb;37(1):58-61.  (Rus).

Bazhutin NB, Belanov EF, Spiridonov VA, Voitenko AV,
Krivenchuk NA, Krotov SA, Omelchenko NI,
Tereshchenko AIu, Khomichev VV. [The effect of the
methods for producing an experimental Marburg virus
infection on the characteristics of the course of the disease
in green monkeys]. Vopr Virusol 1992 May-Jun;37(3):
153-6. (Rus).

Becker S, Huppertz S, Klenk HD, Feldmann H. The
nucleoprotein of Marburg virus is phosphorylated. J Gen
Virol 1994 Apr;75(Pt 4):809-18.

Becker S, Spiess M, Klenk HD. The asialoglycoprotein
receptor is a potential liver-specific receptor for Marburg
virus. J Gen Virol 1995 Feb;76(Pt 2):393-9.

Bukreyev AA, Belanov EF, Blinov VM, Netesov SV.
Complete nucleotide sequences of Marburg virus genes 5
and 6 encoding VP30 and VP24 proteins. Biochem Mol
Biol Int 1995 Mar;35(3):605-13.

Bukreyev AA, Kolykhalov AA, Volchkov VE, Blinov VM,
Netesov SV, Sandakhchiev LS. [Marburg virus: the first
determined nucleotide sequence of two genes]. Mol Gen
Mikrobiol Virusol 1991 Mar;(3):24-30.  (Rus).

Bukreyev AA, Volchkov VE, Blinov VM, Netesov SV. The
GP-protein of Marburg virus contains the region similar
to the 'immunosuppressive domain' of oncogenic
retrovirus P15E proteins. FEBS Lett 1993 May 24;
323(1-2):183-7.

Downs WG. Marburg virus disease.  In: Kiple KF, editor.
The Cambridge world history of human disease.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1993. p. 862-5.

Feldmann H, Bugany H, Mahner F, Klenk HD, Drenckhahn
D, Schnittler HJ. Virus-induced endothelial leakage
triggered by infected macrophages [abstract]. FASEB J
1994;8(4-5):A756. Experimental Biology 94, Parts I and
II; 1994 Apr 24-28; Anaheim, CA.

Feldmann H, Muhlberger E, Randolf A, Will C, Kiley MP,
Sanchez A, Klenk HD. Marburg virus, a filovirus:
messenger RNAs, gene order, and regulatory elements of
the replication cycle. Virus Res 1992 Jun;24(1):1-19.

Feldmann H, Will C, Schikore M, Slenczka W, Klenk HD.
Glycosylation and oligomerization of the spike protein of
Marburg virus. Virology 1991 May;182(1):353-6.

Geyer H, Will C, Feldmann H, Klenk HD, Geyer R.
Carbohydrate structure of Marburg virus glycoprotein.
Glycobiology 1992 Aug;2(4):299-312.

Gonchar NI, Pshenichnov VA, Pokhodiaev VA, Lopatov KL,
Firsova IV. [The sensitivity of different experimental
animals to the Marburg virus]. Vopr Virusol 1991
Sep-Oct;36(5):435-7.  (Rus).

Ignatev GM, Streltsova MA, Agafonov AP, Kashentseva EA.
[Mechanisms of protective immune response in models of
Marburg fever in monkeys]. Vopr Virusol 1995 May-Jun;
40(3):109-13. (Rus)

Ignatev GM, Agafonov AP, Streltsova MA, Kuzmin VA,
Mainagasheva GI, Spirin GV, Chernyi NB. [A
comparative study of the immunological indices in guinea
pigs administered an inactivated Marburg virus]. Vopr
Virusol 1991 Sep-Oct;36(5):421-3.  (Rus).

Ignatev GM, Streltsova MA, Agafonov AP, Prozorovskii NS,
Zhukova NA, Kashentseva EA, Vorobeva MS. [The
immunological indices of guinea pigs modelling Marburg
hemorrhagic fever]. Vopr Virusol 1994 Jul-Aug;39(4):
169-71.  (Rus).

Ignatev GM, Streltsova MA, Agafonov AP, Zhukova NA,
Kashentseva EA, Vorobeva MS. [The immunity indices
of animals immunized with the inactivated Marburg virus
after infection with homologous virus]. Vopr Virusol
1994 Jan-Feb;39(1):13-7.  (Rus).

Kenyon RH, Niklasson B, Jahrling PB, Geisbert T, Svensson
L, Fryden A, Bengtsson M, Foberg U, Peters CJ.
Virologic investigation of a case of suspected
haemorrhagic fever. Res Virol 1994 Nov-Dec;
145(6):397-406.

Kutuzov VA, Mikhailov VV, Kruglova SE, Kutuzov VV,
Kirillov AP, Krasnianskii VP, Pshenichnov VA,
Lebedinskaia EV. [A comparative evaluation of an
immunoenzyme analytical method using a fluorogenic or
chromogenic substrate in determining the Marburg virus
antigen]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Jan-Feb;38(1):17-8.  (Rus).

Lub MI, Sergeev AN, Piankova OG, Piankov OV,
Petrishchenko VA, Kotliarov LA. [Clinical-virusological
characteristics of disease in guinea pigs, infected by the
Marburg virus aerogenically]. Vopr Virusol 1995
May-Jun;40(3):119-21.  (Rus).

Mariankova RF, Glushakova SE, Pyzhik EV, Lukashevich
IS. [The penetration of the Marburg virus into eukaryotic
cells]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Mar-Apr;38(2):74-6.  (Rus).

Muhlberger E, Sanchez A, Randolf A, Will C, Kiley MP,
Klenk HD, Feldmann H. The nucleotide sequence of the
L gene of Marburg virus, a filovirus: homologies with
paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses. Virology 1992 Apr;
187(2):534-47.

Nikiforov VV, Turovskii IuI, Kalinin PP, Akinfeeva LA,
Katkova LR, Barmin VS, Riabchikova EI, Popkova NI,
Shestopalov AM, Nazarov VP, et al. [A case of a
laboratory infection with Marburg fever]. Zh Mikrobiol
Epidemiol Immunobiol 1994 May-Jun;(3):104-6. (Rus).

Pokhodiaev VA, Gonchar NI, Pshenichnov VA. [An
experimental study of the contact transmission of the
Marburg virus]. Vopr Virusol 1991 Nov-Dec;36(6):
506-8.  (Rus).

Schnittler HJ, Mahner F, Drenckhahn D, Klenk HD,
Feldmann H. Replication of Marburg virus in human
endothelial cells. A possible mechanism for the
development of viral hemorrhagic disease. J Clin Invest
1993 Apr;91(4):1301-9.

Skripchenko AA, Riabchikova EI, Vorontsova LA,
Shestopalov AM, Viazunov SA. [Marburg virus and
mononuclear phagocytes: study of interactions]. Vopr
Virusol 1994 Sep-Oct;39(5):214-8.  (Rus).

Skripchenko AA, Shestopalov AM, Iaroslavtseva OI. [A
comparative study of the in-vitro interaction of the
Marburg virus with macrophages from different animal
species]. Vopr Virusol 1991 Nov-Dec;36(6):503-6. 
(Rus).

Spiridonov VA, Bazhutin NB, Belanov EF, Voitenko AV,
Zolin VV, Krivenchuk NA, Omelchenko NI, Polikanov
VP, Tereshchenko AI, Khomichev VV. [Changes in the
blood serum aminotransferase activity in the experimental
infection of Cercopithecus aethiops monkeys with the
Marburg virus]. Vopr Virusol 1992 May-Jun;37(3):
156-7.  (Rus).

Streltsova MA, Agafonov AP, Ignatev GM. [The sensitivity
of different cell culture lines to the Marburg virus]. Vopr
Virusol 1991 Sep-Oct;36(5):437-8.  (Rus).

Titenko AM. [Marburg hemorrhagic fever]. Zh Mikrobiol
Epidemiol Immunobiol 1991 May;(5):67-71.  (Rus).

Vladyko AS, Chepurnov AA, Bystrova SI, Lemeshko NN,
Lukashevich IS. [The detection of the Marburg virus
antigen by solid-phase immunoenzyme analysis]. Vopr
Virusol 1991 Sep-Oct;36(5):419-21.  (Rus).

Vladyko AS, Chepurnov AA, Mariankova RF, Bystrova SI,
Egoricheva IN, Kuzmin VA, Lukashevich IS. [A
comparison of the methods of fluorescent antibodies and
solid-phase immunoenzyme analysis in the detection of
Marburg virus antibodies]. Vopr Virusol 1991 Jul-Aug;
36(4):326-8.  (Rus). 

Will C, Muhlberger E, Linder D, Slenczka W, Klenk HD,
Feldmann H. Marburg virus gene 4 encodes the virion
membrane protein, a type I transmembrane glycoprotein.
J Virol 1993 Mar;67(3):1203-10.


ARENAVIRUS INFECTIONS

Arenavirus infection acquired in the laboratory. Commun Dis
Rep CDR Wkly 1994 Sep 9;4(36):169.

Baker DA. Arenaviruses. In: Gleicher N, editor. Principles
and practice of medical therapy in pregnancy. 2nd ed.
Norwalk (CT): Appleton & Lange; 1992. p. 79-80.

Bishop DHL. Arenaviruses.  In: McKendall RR, Stroop WG,
editors. Handbook of neurovirology. New York: Marcel
Dekker, Inc.; 1994. p. 613-9. (Neurological disease and
therapy; 27).

Bolanis P. [Arenaviruses]. Acta Microbiol Hell 1991;36(4);
409-15. (Gre).

Chen JP, Marsh LC, Schroeder EC. Haemostatic
derangements associated with arenavirus infection in the
guinea-pig: radioimmunoassay of fibrinopeptide A to
assess thrombin action in infected animals. Blood Coagul
Fibrinolysis 1993 Feb;4(1):165-72.

Clegg JC. Current progress towards vaccines for arenavirus-
caused diseases. Vaccine 1992;10(2):89-95.

Cummins D. Arenaviral haemorrhagic fevers. Blood Rev
1991 Sep;5(3):129-37.

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Arenavirus infection--Connecticut, 1994. JAMA 1994;
272(13):998-9.

Glushakova SE, Iakuba AI, Vasiuchkov AD, Mariankova
RF, Kukareko TM, Stelmakh TA, Kurash TP,
Lukashevich IS. [Lysosomotropic agents inhibit the
penetration of arenaviruses into a culture of BHK-21 and
Vero cells]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Mar-Apr;35(2):146-50. 
(Rus).

Glushakova SE, Pyzhik EV, Vasiuchkov AD, Erokhina IR,
Mariankova RF. [pH-dependent fusion of eukaryotic
cells, caused by arenaviruses, pathogenic and
non-pathogenic for humans]. Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol
1992 Jul-Aug;(7-8):27-31.  (Rus).

Guo ZM, Liu CT. Pulmonary responses of conscious strain
13 guinea pigs to Pichinde viral infection. Lab Anim Sci
1991 Dec;41(6):581-4.

Guo ZM, Liu CT, Peters CJ. Possible involvement of
endogenous beta-endorphin in the pathophysiological
mechanisms of Pichinde virus-infected guinea pigs. Proc
Soc Exp Biol Med 1992 Jul;200(3):343-8.

Guo ZM, Qian C, Peters CJ, Liu CT. Changes in platelet-
activating factor, catecholamine, and serotonin
concentrations in brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and plasma
of pichinde virus-infected guinea pigs. Lab Anim Sci
1993 Dec;43(6):569-74.

Peters CJ. Arenavirus infections. In: McKendall RR, Stroop
WG, editors. Handbook of neurovirology. New York:
Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1994. p. 621-37. (Neurological
disease and therapy; 27).

Qian C, Liu CT, Peters CJ. Increased platelet-activating
factor (PAF) concentrations in hearts and lungs of
Pichinde virus-infected guinea pigs. J Lipid Mediat 1992
Sep;5(3):261-70.

Qian C, Liu CT, Peters CJ. Metabolism of platelet-activating
factor in neutrophils isolated from Pichinde virus-infected
guinea pigs. J Leukoc Biol 1992 Mar;51(3):210-3.

Salvato MS, editor. Arenaviridae. New York: Plenum Press;
1993. 401 p.

Vargas-Cortes M, O'Donnell CL, Maciaszek JW, Welsh
RM. Generation of natural killer cell-escape variants of
Pichinde virus during acute and persistent infections.
J Virol 1992 Apr;66(4):2532-5.

Vasconcelos PF, Travassos da Rosa AP, Rodrigues SG, Tesh
R, Travassos da Rosa JF, Travassos da Rosa ES.
[Laboratory-acquired human infection with SP H 114202
virus (Arenavirus: Arenaviridae family): clinical and
laboratory aspects]. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1993
Nov-Dec;35(6):521-5.  (Por). 


LASSA FEVER

Bannister B. Lassa fever [letter]. BMJ 1991 Jan 12;
302(6768):114.

Barber GN, Clegg JC, Lloyd G. Expression of the Lassa
virus nucleocapsid protein in insect cells infected with a
recombinant baculovirus: application to diagnostic assays
for Lassa virus infection. J Gen Virol 1990 Jan;71(Pt 1):
19-28.

Best JM, Banatvala JE. Congenital virus infections. BMJ
1990 May 5;300(6733):1151-2.

Burkhardt U, Eggers HJ. [Viral infections--clinical pictures
and laboratory diagnosis. Part 5: Human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1, HIV 2) to measles
virus]. Fortschr Med 1993 Dec 20;111(35-36):559-61. 
(Ger).

Bystrova SI, Lemeshko NN, Shkolina TV, Vladyko AS. [The
immunogenic activity of the Lassa virus structural
proteins]. Vopr Virusol 1992 Jan-Feb;37(1):56-8.  (Rus).

Cahill KM. Common interests and shared objectives. N Y
State J Med 1992 Jun;92(6):234-5.

Clegg JC, Wilson SM, Oram JD. Nucleotide sequence of the
S RNA of Lassa virus (Nigerian strain) and comparative
analysis of arenavirus gene products. Virus Res 1991
Mar;18(2-3):151-64.

Cummins D. Lassa fever. Br J Hosp Med 1990 Mar;43(3):
186-8, 190, 192.

Cummins D. Rats, fever and sudden deafness in Sierra Leone
[letter]. Trop Doct 1992 Apr;22(2):83-4.

Cummins D, Bennett D, Fisher-Hoch SP, Farrar B, Machin
SJ, McCormick JB. Lassa fever encephalopathy: clinical
and laboratory findings. J Trop Med Hyg 1992 Jun;95(3):
197-201.

Cummins D, Bennett D, Machin SJ. Exchange transfusion of
a patient with fulminant Lassa fever. Postgrad Med J
1991 Feb;67(784):193-4.

Cummins D, McCormick JB, Bennett D, Samba JA, Farrar
B, Machin SJ, Fisher-Hoch SP. Acute sensorineural
deafness in Lassa fever. JAMA 1990 Oct 24-31;264(16):
2093-6. Comment in: JAMA 1990 Oct 24-31;264(16):
2119.

Demby AH, Chamberlain J, Brown DW, Clegg CS. Early
diagnosis of Lassa fever by reverse transcription-PCR.
J Clin Microbiol 1994 Dec;32(12):2898-903.

Downs WG. Lassa fever. In: Kiple KF, editor. The
Cambridge world history of human disease. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press; 1993. p. 817-20.

Dvoretskaia VI, Bogatikov GV, Pshenichnov VA, Evseev
AA. [The therapeutic efficacy of ribamidil and virazole in
experimental Lassa fever in monkeys]. Vopr Virusol
1991 Jan-Feb;36(1):55-7.  (Rus).

Dvoretskaia VI, Evseev AA, Bogatikov GV, Pshenichnov
VA. [Comparative evaluation of the antiviral efficacy of
virazole and ribamidil in experimental Lassa fever in
monkeys]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Mar-Apr;35(2):151-2.
(Rus). 

Evseev AA, Dvoretskaia VI, Bogatikov GV, Pshenichnov
VA, Mustafin RM. [Experimental Lassa fever in
hamadryas baboons]. Vopr Virusol 1991 Mar-Apr;36(2):
150-2.  (Rus).

Fidarov FM, Sabynin VM, Petkevich AS, Surikova LE,
Vladyko AS, Lukashevich IS. [Experimental Lassa
infection in monkeys and its treatment with ribamidil].
Vopr Virusol 1990 Nov-Dec;35(6):504-6. (Rus).

Fidarov FM, Surikova LE, Erofeeva NI, Klimashevskaia
LM, Petkevich AS, Lukashevich IS. [The cultivation and
physicochemical properties of the Josiah strain of the
Lassa virus]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Jul-Aug;35(4):326-9. 
(Rus).

Fisher-Hoch SP, Gborie S, Parker L, Huggins J. Unexpected
adverse reactions during a clinical trial in rural West
Africa. Antiviral Res 1992 Aug;19(2):139-47.

Frame JD. The story of Lassa fever. Part I: Discovering the
disease. N Y State J Med 1992 May;92(5):199-202.

Frame JD. The story of Lassa fever. Part II: Learning more
about the disease. N Y State J Med 1992 Jun;92(6):264-7.

Frame JD. The story of Lassa fever. Part III: The disease in
the community. N Y State J Med 1992 Oct;92(10):440-4.

Frame JD. The story of Lassa fever. Part IV: The politics of
research. N Y State J Med 1993 Jan;93(1):35-40.

Glover SC. Dangerous pathogens: implications for staff and
patients. J Sterile Serv Manag 1983 Oct;1(3):2-3.

Glushakova SE, Lukashevich IS, Baratova LA. Prediction of
arenavirus fusion peptides on the basis of computer
analysis of envelope protein sequences. FEBS Lett 1990
Aug 20;269(1):145-7.

Glushakova SE, Omelianenko VG, Lukashevich IS,
Bogdanov AA, Moshnikova AB, Kozhich AT, Torchilin
VP. [Fusion of artificial lipid membranes induced by
synthetic fusion peptide of arenaviruses]. Biokhimiia 1991
Apr;56(4):579-88.  (Rus).

Glushakova SE, Omelyanenko VG, Lukashevitch IS,
Bogdanov AA Jr, Moshnikova AB, Kozytch AT,
Torchilin VP. The fusion of artificial lipid membranes
induced by the synthetic arenavirus  fusion peptide.'
Biochim Biophys Acta 1992 Oct 5;1110(2):202-8.

Holmes GP, McCormick JB, Trock SC, Chase RA, Lewis
SM, Mason CA, Hall PA, Brammer LS, Perez-Oronoz
GI, McDonnell MK, et al. Lassa fever in the United
States. Investigation of a case and new guidelines for
management. N Engl J Med 1990 Oct 18;323(16):1120-3.
Comment in: N Engl J Med 1990 Oct 18;323(16):
1139-41.

Hotton JM, Bousquet M, Barry B, Lamour O. Aeromedical
evacuation of patients with Lassa fever [letter]. Aviat
Space Environ Med 1991 Sep;62(9 Pt 1):909-10.

Hummel KB, Martin ML, Auperin DD. Baculovirus
expression of the glycoprotein gene of Lassa virus and
characterization of the recombinant protein. Virus Res
1992 Sep 1;25(1-2):79-90.

Ignatev GM, Kaliberov SA, Pereboeva LA, Tverdokhlebov
AB, Krasko AG, Godneva AT. [Study of certain
indicators of immunity upon infecting CBA/Calac line
mice with Lassa virus]. Vopr Virusol 1994 Nov-Dec;
39(6):257-60.  (Rus).

Johnson KM. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, lassa
virus, lassa fever, and other arenaviruses. In: Mandell
GL, Douglas RG Jr, Bennett JE, editors. Principles and
practice of infectious diseases. 3rd ed. New York:
Churchill Livingstone Inc.; 1990. p. 1329-35.

Johnson KM, Monath TP. Imported Lassa
fever--reexamining the algorithms [editorial]. N Engl J
Med 1990 Oct 18;323(16):1139-41. Comment on: N Engl
J Med 1990 Oct 18;323(16):1120-3.

Krasnianskii VP, Potryvaeva NV, Borisevich IV, Gradoboev
VN, Pashanina TP, Pshenichnov VA. [An evaluation of
the possibility of obtaining an inactivated vaccine against
Lassa fever]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 1994
Nov-Dec;(6):74-5.  (Rus).

Krasnianskii VP, Potryvaeva NV, Borisevich IV, Gradoboev
VN, Pashanina TP, Pshenichnov VA. [A trial to produce
an inactivated Lassa fever vaccine]. Vopr Virusol 1993
Nov-Dec;38(6):276-9.  (Rus).

Kunitskaia LIa, Bystrova SI, Cherednichenko cIA, Zaitseva
VN, Vladyko AS. [The production of antibody-producing
hybridomas to the Lassa virus]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol
Immunobiol 1991 Mar;(3):67-70.  (Rus).

La Posta VJ, Auperin DD, Kamin-Lewis R, Cole GA.
Cross-protection against lymphocytic choriomeningitis
virus mediated by a CD4+ T-cell clone specific for an
envelope glycoprotein epitope of Lassa virus. J Virol
1993 Jun;67(6):3497-506.

Liao BS, Byl FM, Adour KK. Audiometric comparison of
Lassa fever hearing loss and idiopathic sudden hearing
loss: evidence for viral cause. Otolaryngol Head Neck
Surg 1992 Mar;106(3):226-9. Comment in: Otolaryngol
Head Neck Surg 1993 Sep;109(3 Pt 1):559.

Lucia HL, Coppenhaver DH, Harrison RL, Baron S. The
effect of an arenavirus infection on liver morphology and
function. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1990 Jul;43(1):93-8.

Lukashevich IS. Generation of reassortants between African
arenaviruses. Virology 1992 Jun;188(2):600-5.

Lukashevich IS, Lukashevich VD, Vladyko AS, Diallo MS,
Ba MA, Silla A. [Serological evidence of Lassa virus
circulation in the Republic of Guinea]. Vopr Virusol 1993
Jan-Feb;38(1):24-8.  (Rus).

Lukashevich IS, Vasiuchkov AD, Stelmakh TA, Scheslenok
EP, Shabanov AG. [The isolation and characteristics of
reassortants between the Lassa and Mopeia arenaviruses].
Vopr Virusol 1991 Mar-Apr;36(2):146-50.  (Rus).

Lukashevich LS, Clegg JC, Sidibe K. Lassa virus activity in
Guinea: distribution of human antiviral antibody defined
using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with
recombinant antigen. J Med Virol 1993 Jul;40(3):210-7.

Lunkenheimer K, Hufert FT, Schmitz H. Detection of Lassa
virus RNA in specimens from patients with Lassa fever
by using the polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol
1990 Dec;28(12):2689-92.

McCormick JB, Mitchell SW, Kiley MP, Ruo S, Fisher-Hoch
SP. Inactivated Lassa virus elicits a non protective
immune response in rhesus monkeys. J Med Virol 1992
May;37(1):1-7.

Morris DJ. Clinical trials of antiviral agents. J Antimicrob
Chemother 1992;29(2):97-103.

Morrison HG, Goldsmith CS, Regnery HL, Auperin DD.
Simultaneous expression of the Lassa virus N and GPC
genes from a single recombinant vaccinia virus. Virus
Res 1991 Mar;18(2-3):231-41.

Moshnikova AB, Kozhich AT, Krasko AG, Chikin LD,
Barkar ND, Ivanov VT. [Identification of a protective
epitope--a fragment of Lassa virus nucleoprotein]. Bioorg
Khim 1991 Apr;17(4):572-3.  (Rus).

Nzerue MC. Lassa fever: review of virology, immunopatho-genesis, 
and algorithms for control and therapy. Cent Afr J Med 1992 
Jun;38(6):247-52.

Orlova SV, Godneva AT, Ignatev GM, Bystrova SI.
[Immunization of rabbits with Lassa virus]. Vopr Virusol
1990 Jan-Feb;35(1):59-61. (Rus).

Qian C, Jahrling PB, Peters CJ, Liu CT. Cardiovascular and
pulmonary responses to Pichinde virus infection in strain
13 guinea pigs. Lab Anim Sci 1994 Dec;44(6):600-7.

Ruo SL, Mitchell SW, Kiley MP, Roumillat LF, Fisher-Hoch
SP, McCormick JB. Antigenic relatedness between
arenaviruses defined at the epitope level by monoclonal
antibodies. J Gen Virol 1991 Mar;72(Pt 3):549-55.

Ryan H. Infectious diseases. Moving an infectious patient by
air. Nursing (Lond) 1990 Oct 11-24;4(20):24-6.

Rybak LP. Deafness associated with Lassa fever [editorial].
JAMA 1990 Oct 24-31;264(16):2119. Comment on:
JAMA 1990 Oct 24-31;264(16):2093-6.

Schaeffer RC Jr, Bitrick MS Jr, Connolly B, Jenson AB,
Gong F. Pichinde virus-induced respiratory failure due to
obstruction of the small airways: structure and function.
Exp Lung Res 1993 Nov-Dec;19(6):715-29.

Simmons FB. Lassa fever and sudden hearing loss [letter].
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993 Sep;109(3 Pt 1):559.
Comment on: Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1992 Mar;
106(3):226-9.

Trappier SG, Conaty AL, Farrar BB, Auperin DD,
McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP. Evaluation of the
polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of Lassa virus
infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Aug;49(2):214-21.

Van Der Sijs IH, Wiltink EH. Antiviral drugs: present status
and future prospects. Int J Biochem 1994;26(5):621-30.

Vladyko AS, Bystrova SI, Malakhova IV, Kunitskaia LIa,
Lemeshko NN, Krasko AG, Kozhich AT, Lukashevich
IS. [The localization and preliminary characteristics of
antigenic sites (B epitopes) in the nucleocapsid protein of
the Lassa virus]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Jan-Feb;38(1):30-4. 
(Rus).

Vladyko AS, Kunitskaia LIa, Bystrova SI, Krasko AG,
Lemeshko NN, Lukashevich IS. [The isolation and
characteristics of recombinant monoclonal antibodies to
the Lassa virus]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Sep-Oct;35(5):396-8. 
(Rus).

Vladyko AS, Kunitskaia LIa, Krasko AG, Bystrova SI,
Pyzhova NS, Lukashevich IS. [Recombinant monoclonal
antibodies to the Lassa virus: the formation of reactive
paratopes]. Vopr Virusol 1990 Nov-Dec;35(6):488-92. 
(Rus).

Wilson SM, Clegg JC. Sequence analysis of the S RNA of
the African arenavirus Mopeia: an unusual secondary
structure feature in the intergenic region. Virology 1991
Feb;180(2):543-52.

Zudin BI, Rozdialovskii AN, Petkevich AS. [The
interferon-inducing activity of the Lassa virus in the body
of inbred mice]. Vopr Virusol 1990 May-Jun;35(3):
231-3.  (Rus).  


TACARIBE COMPLEX VIRUSES

Alche LE, Coto CE. In vitro selection of Junin virus
antigenic variants. Arch Virol 1993;128(3-4):389-94.

Allison LM, Salter MW, Kiguwa S, Howard CR. Analysis of
the glycoprotein gene of Tacaribe virus and
neutralization-resistant variants. J Gen Virol 1991 Aug;
72(Pt 8):2025-9.

Ambrosio AM, Gamboa GS, Feuillade MR, Briggiler AM,
Rimoldi MT. Peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with
Argentine hemorrhagic fever as effectors of antibody-
dependent cell-cytotoxicity. J Med Virol 1992 Jul;37(3):
232-6.

Ambrosio M, Vallejos A, Saavedra C, Maiztegui JI. Junin
virus replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of
patients with Argentine haemorrhagic fever. Acta Virol
1990 Feb;34(1):58-63.

Andrei G, Couto AS, De Lederkremer RM, Coto CE.
Purification and partial characterization of an antiviral
active peptide from Melia azedarach L. Antiviral Chem
Chemother 1994;5(2):105-10.

Andrei G, De Clercq E. Inhibitory effect of selected antiviral
compounds on arenavirus replication in vitro. Antiviral
Res 1990 Oct-Nov;14(4-5):287-99.

Arenavirus infection--Connecticut, 1994. MMWR Morb
Mortal Wkly Rep 1994 Sep 2;43(34):635-6. Published
erratum appears in MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994
Sep 9;43(35):659.

Barrera OJG, McKee KT Jr. [Toward a vaccine against
Argentine hemorrhagic fever]. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam
1992;112(4):296-305.  (Spa).

Barrera OJG, McKee KT Jr. Toward a vaccine against
Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Bull Pan Am Health Organ
1991;25(2):118-26.

Barrera OJG, McKee KT Jr, Spisso J, Mahlandt BG,
Maiztegui JI. A refined complement-enhanced
neutralization test for detecting antibodies to Junin virus.
J Virol Methods 1990 Jul;29(1):71-80.

Barry M, Russi M, Armstrong L, Geller D, Tesh R, Dembry
L, Gonzalez JP, Khan AS, Peters CJ. Brief report:
treatment of a laboratory-acquired Sabia virus infection.
N Engl J Med 1995;333(5):294-6.

Berria MI, Caccuri RL, Blejer JL, Iacono RF. Neural spread
of Junin virus in intraperitoneally inoculated rats.
Medicina (B Aires) 1994;54(4):331-9.

Bockstahler LE, Carney PG, Bushar G, Sagripanti JL.
Detection of Junin virus by the polymerase chain
reaction. J Virol Methods 1992 Sep;39(1-2):231-5.

Bolivian hemorrhagic fever-El Beni Department, Bolivia,
1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994;43(50):
943-6.

Bolivian hemorrhagic fever reappears [news]. Bull Pan Am
Health Organ 1995 Jun;29(2):185-6. 

Bushar G, Sagripanti JL. Method for improving accuracy of
virus titration: standardization of plaque assay for Junin
virus. J Virol Methods 1990 Oct;30(1):99-107.

Bushar G, Sagripanti JL. Replication and physical parameters
important for preparing purified Junin virus.  J Virol
Methods 1993 Feb;41(2):147-56.

Campetella OE, Galassi NV, Barrios HA. Contrasuppressor
cells induced by Junin virus. Immunology 1990 Apr;
69(4):629-31.

Campetella OE, Galassi NV, Barrios HA. Correlation
between cyclophosphamide-induced viral susceptibility
and depletion of Junin virus-induced suppressor
populations. J Med Virol 1992 Jan;36(1):32-8.

Campetella OE, Galassi NV, Barrios HA. Junin virus-
induced non-specific suppressor cells interact with
unrelated antigen-specific suppressor cells. Immunology
1991 Sep;74(1):14-9.

Campetella OE, Galassi NV, Barrios HA. Junin
virus-induced suppressor cells are effective only on the
efferent limb of the delayed-type hypersensitivity
response. J Med Virol 1990 Mar;30(3):187-91.

Candurra NA, Scolaro LA, Mersich SE, Damonte EB, Coto
CE. A comparison of Junin virus strains: growth
characteristics, cytopathogenicity and viral polypeptides.
Res Virol 1990 Sep-Oct;141(5):505-15.

Castilla V, Mersich SE, Candurra NA, Damonte EB. The
entry of Junin virus into Vero cells. Arch Virol 1994;
136(3-4):363-74.

Castilla V, Mersich SE, Damonte EB. [Lysosomotropic
compounds inhibiting the multiplication of Junin virus].
Rev Argent Microbiol 1991 Apr-Jun;23(2):86-9.  (Spa).

Chastel C. [Present status of zoonotic hemorrhagic fevers of
South America]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1993;86(5 Pt 2):
455-9.  (Fre).

Contigiani M, Medeot S, Diaz G. Heterogeneity and stability
characteristics of Candid 1 attenuated strain of Junin
virus. Acta Virol 1993 Feb;37(1):41-6.

Contigiani MS, Medeot SI, Diaz GE, Sabattini MS. Rapid
vascular clearance of two strains of Junin virus in
Calomys musculinus: selective macrophage clearance.
Acta Virol 1991 Apr;35(2):144-51.

Cummins D, Molinas FC, Lerer G, Maiztegui JI, Faint R,
Machin SJ. A plasma inhibitor of platelet aggregation in
patients with Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 1990 May;42(5):470-5.

Cushman M, Golebiewski W M, Pommier Y, Mazumder A,
Reymen D, De Clercq E, Graham L, Rice W G.
Cosalane analogues with enhanced potencies as inhibitors
of HIV-1 protease and integrase. J Med Chem 1995;
38(3):443-52.

Damonte E, Neyts J, Pujol CA, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Ikeda
S, Witvrouw M, Reymen D, Haines H, Matulewicz MC,
et al. Antiviral activity of a sulphated polysaccharide from
the red seaweed Nothogenia fastigiata. Biochem
Pharmacol 1994;47(12):2187-92.

Damonte EB, Mersich SE, Candurra NA. Intracellular
processing and transport of Junin virus glycoproteins
influences virion infectivity. Virus Res 1994 Dec;34(3):
317-26.

Enria DA, Maiztegui JI. Antiviral treatment of Argentine
hemorrhagic fever. Antiviral Res 1994 Jan;23(1):23-31.

From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Bolivian hemorrhagic fever--El Beni Department, Bolivia,
1994. JAMA 1995 Jan 18;273(3):194-6.

Garcia BA, Gardenal CN, Blanco A. Microgeographic
distribution of allele frequencies in populations of
Calomys laucha (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Heredity
1991;66(3):411-7.

Ghiringhelli PD, Rivera-Pomar RV, Lozano ME, Grau O,
Romanowski V. Molecular organization of Junin virus S
RNA: complete nucleotide sequence, relationship with
other members of the Arenaviridae and unusual
secondary structures. J Gen Virol 1991 Sep;72(Pt 9):
2129-41.

Glushakova SE, Vasiuchkova AD, Erokhina IR, Pyzhik EV,
Kurash TP. [The Mopeia virus induces pH-dependent
fusion from within in a BHK-21 cell culture]. Vopr
Virusol 1991 May-Jun;36(3):231-5.  (Rus).

Gonzalez JP, Sanchez A, Rico-Hesse R. Molecular
phylogeny of Guanarito virus, an emerging arenavirus
affecting humans. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Jul;53(1):
1-6. 

Griffiths CM, Wilson SM, Clegg JC. Sequence of the
nucleocapsid protein gene of Machupo virus: close
relationship with another South American pathogenic
arenavirus, Junin. Arch Virol 1992;124(3-4):371-7.

Groen J, Gerding M, Koeman JP, Roholl PJ, van Amerongen
G, Jordans HG, Niesters HG, Osterhaus AD. A macaque
model for hantavirus infection. J Infect Dis 1995 Jul;
172(1):38-44. 

Heller MV, Marta RF, Sturk A, Maiztegui JI, Hack CE, Cate
JW, Molinas FC. Early markers of blood coagulation and
fibrinolysis activation in Argentine hemorrhagic fever.
Thromb Haemost 1995 Mar;73(3): 368-73. 

Heller MV, Saavedra MC, Falcoff R, Maiztegui JI, Molinas
FC. Increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in
Argentine hemorrhagic fever [letter]. J Infect Dis 1992
Nov;166(5):1203-4.

Iacono RF, Berria MI, Lascano EF. A triple staining
procedure to evaluate phagocytic role of differentiated
astrocytes. J Neurosci Methods 1991 Oct;39(3):225-30.

Ignatev GM, Tverdokhlebov AV, Kaliberov SA, Patrusheva
IV, Kashentseva EA, Vorobeva MS. [The immunity
indices of BALB/c mice immunized with an inactivated
antigen of the Machupo virus]. Vopr Virusol 1993
Sep-Dec;38(5):227-30.  (Rus).

Ignatev GM, Tverdokhlebov AV, Kaliberov SA, Pereboeva
LA, Patrusheva IV, Kashentseva EA. [The immunity
indices in the infection of mice of different strains with
the Machupo virus]. Vopr Virusol 1993 Jul-Aug;38(4):
167-70.  (Rus).

Katz MA, Starr JF. Influence of volume expansion on
capillary transport in the gut of Pichinde virus infected
strain 13 guinea pigs. J Med Virol 1991 Sep;35(1):60-4.

Katz MA, Starr JF. Pichinde virus infection in strain 13
guniea pigs reduces intestinal protein reflection coefficient
with compensation. J Infect Dis 1990 Dec;162(6):1304-8.

Kenyon RH, Condie RM, Jahrling PB, Peters CJ. Protection
of guinea pigs against experimental Argentine
hemorrhagic fever by purified human IgG: importance of
elimination of infected cells. Microb Pathog 1990 Oct;
9(4):219-26.

Kenyon RH, McKee KT Jr, Zack PM, Rippy MK, Vogel AP,
York C, Meegan J, Crabbs C, Peters CJ. Aerosol
infection of rhesus macaques with Junin virus.
Intervirology 1992;33(1):23-31.

Kilgore PE, Peters CJ, Mills JN, Rollin PE, Armstrong L,
Khan AS, Ksiazek TG. Prospects for the control of
Bolivian hemorrhagic fever.  Emerg Infect Dis [serial
online] 1995 Jul-Sep [cited 1996 Jun 5];1(3):[8 screens].
Available from: National Center for Infectious Diseases,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm

Lascano EF, Lerman GD, Blejer JL, Caccuri RL, Berria MI.
Immunoperoxidase tracing of Junin virus neural route
after footpad inoculation. Arch Virol 1992;122(1-2):
13-22.

Lerer GD, Saavedra MC, Falcoff R, Maiztegui JI, Molinas
FC. Activity of a platelet protein kinase that
phosphorylates fibrinogen and histone in Argentine
hemorrhagic fever. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Ther
Latinoam 1991;41(4):377-86.

Lisieux T, Coimbra M, Nassar ES, Burattini MN, de Souza
LT, Ferreira I, Rocco IM, da Rosa AP, Vasconcelos PF,
Pinheiro FP, et al. New arenavirus isolated in Brazil.
Lancet 1994 Feb 12;343(8894):391-2.

Lozano ME, Enria D, Maiztegui JI, Grau O, Romanowski V.
Rapid diagnosis of Argentine hemorrhagic fever by
reverse transcriptase PCR-based assay. J Clin Microbiol
1995;33(5):1327-32.

Lozano ME, Ghiringhelli PD, Romanowski V, Grau O. A
simple nucleic acid amplification assay for the rapid
detection of Junin virus in whole blood samples. Virus
Res 1993 Jan;27(1):37-53.

Malakhova IV, Kunitskaia LIa, Surikova LE, Bystrova SI,
Shkolina TV, Vladyko AS. [Monoclonal antibodies to the
Machupo virus: their isolation and preliminary
characteristics]. Vopr Virusol 1991 Nov-Dec;36(6):
508-11.  (Rus).

Marta RF, Heller MV, Maiztegui JI, Molinas FC. Further
studies on the plasma inhibitor of platelet activation in
Argentine hemorrhagic fever [letter]. Thromb Haemost
1993 May 3;69(5):526-7.

McKee KT Jr, Oro JG, Kuehne AI, Spisso JA, Mahlandt BG.
Candid No. 1 Argentine hemorrhagic fever vaccine
protects against lethal Junin virus challenge in rhesus
macaques. Intervirology 1992;34(3):154-63.

McKee KT Jr, Oro JG, Kuehne AI, Spisso JA, Mahlandt BG.
Safety and immunogenicity of a live-attenuated Junin
(Argentine hemorrhagic fever) vaccine in rhesus
macaques. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Mar;48(3):403-11.

Medeot SI, Contigiani MS, Brandan ER, Sabattini MS.
Neurovirulence of wild and laboratory Junin virus strains
in animal hosts. J Med Virol 1990 Nov;32(3):171-82.

Medeot SI, Contigiani MS, Sabattini MS, Diaz G.
Experimental neuroinvasiveness of wild and laboratory
Junin virus strains. Res Virol 1992 Jul-Aug;143(4):
259-67.

Medeot SI, Contigiani MS, Sabattini MS, Diaz G, Vega V.
Persistence of different Junin virus strains in Calomys
musculinus. Comun Biol 1993;11(1):67-77.

Mills JN, Ellis BA, Calderon GE, Maiztegui JI, Ksiazek TG,
McKee KT, Peters CJ, Childs JE. A longitudinal study of
Junin virus activity in rodents from the epidemic area of
Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;
45(3 Suppl):298.

Mills JN, Ellis BA, Childs JE, McKee KT Jr, Maiztegui JI,
Peters CJ, Ksiazek TG, Jahrling PB. Prevalence of
infection with Junin virus in rodent populations in the
epidemic area of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Am J
Trop Med Hyg 1994 Nov;51(5):554-62.

Mills JN, Ellis BA, McKee KT Jr, Calderon GE, Maiztegui
JI, Nelson GO, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, Childs JE. A
longitudinal study of Junin virus activity in the rodent
reservoir of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. Am J Trop
Med Hyg 1992 Dec;47(6):749-63.

Mills JN, Ellis BA, McKee KT Jr, Ksiazek TG, Oro JG,
Maiztegui JI, Calderon GE, Peters CJ, Childs JE. Junin
virus activity in rodents from endemic and nonendemic
loci in central Argentina. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991 Jun;
44(6):589-97.

Mills JN, Ellis BE, Childs JE, Jahrling PB. Ecological
factors limiting the spread of Junin virus among
sympathic rodent species in an Argentine agroecosystem
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992;47(4 Suppl):
259-60.

Murphy FA, Johnson KM. An exotic viral disease acquired
in a laboratory [editorial]. N Engl J Med 1995 Aug 3;
333(5):317-8. Comment on: N Engl J Med 1995 Aug 3;
333(5):294-6. Comment in: N Engl J Med 1995 Dec 21;
333(25):1716

Peters CJ, Kenyon RH, Barrera-Oro JG, McKee KT,
MacDonald C. Assays of cell-mediated immunity in
recipients of a live attenuated Junin virus vaccine
[abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3 Suppl):165.

Portiansky EL, Gonzalez PH, Laguens RP. Cytotoxicity and
cytoadherence of human and murine polymorphonuclear
leukocytes against Junin virus infected targets in the
absence of anti-viral antibody and complement. J Med
Virol 1991 Apr;33(4):253-6.

Re-emergence of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever. Epidemiol Bull
1994 Dec;15(4):4-5.

[Re-emergence of Bolivian haemorrhagic fever]. Wkly
Epidemiol Rec 1995 Jan 20;70(3):16-7.  (Fre).

Remesar MC, Blejer JL, Nejamkis MR. [Immunopathology
induced in the rat by Junin virus]. Rev Argent Microbiol
1990 Oct-Dec;22(4):208-11.  (Spa).

Rivera Pomar RV, Manzella EM, Ghiringhelli PD, Grau O,
Romanowski V. Patterns of transient expression of the
arenavirus nucleocapsid protein gene in transfected cells.
Microsc Electron Biol Celular 1991 Jun;15(1):41-55.

Romanowski V. Genetic organization of Junin virus, the
etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. In:
Salvato MS, editor. Arenaviridae. New York: Plenum
Press; 1993. p. 51-83.

Salas RA, Manzione N, Tesh RE, Rico-Hesse R, Pacheco
ME, Ramos B, Taibo ME, Lorenzo B, Bruzual R, Shope
R. Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever a severe multisystem
hemorrhagic illness caused by a newly recognized
arenavirus [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991;45(3
Suppl):297.

Salas RA, Manzione N, Tesh RB, Rico-Hesse R, Shope RE,
Betancourt A, Godoy O, Bruzual R, Pacheco ME, Ramos
B, et al. Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever. Lancet 1991
Oct 26;338(8774):1033-6.

Schols D, De Clercq E, Balzarini, Baba M, Witvrouw M,
Hosoya M, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Neyts J, Pauwels R, et
al. Sulphated polymers are potent and selective inhibitors
of various enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex
virus, cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus,
respiratory syncytial virus, and toga-, arena-and
retroviruses. Antiviral Chem Chemother 1990;1(4):
233-40.

Scolaro LA, Damonte EB. Calomys musculinus, the natural
reservoir of Argentine haemorrhagic fever, is a
semipermissive host for a mouse-attenuated mutant of
Junin virus. Res Virol 1994 Sep-Oct;145(5):331-6.

Scolaro LA, Mersich SE, Damonte EB. Experimental
infection of suckling mice with a host range mutant of
Junin virus. J Med Virol 1991 Aug;34(4):237-40.

Scolaro LA, Mersich SE, Damonte EB. A mouse attenuated
mutant of Junin virus with an altered envelope
glycoprotein. Arch Virol 1990;111(3-4):257-62.

Silber AM, Candurra NA, Damonte EB. The effects of
oligosaccharide trimming inhibitors on glycoprotein
expression and infectivity of Junin virus. FEMS
Microbiol Lett 1993 May 1;109(1):39-43.

Steyerthal NL, Lampuri JS, Coto CE. [Blood parameters
variation in Calomys musculinus infected with Junin
virus, strain XJCl3]. Medicina (B Aires) 1990;50(4):
335-42.  (Spa).

Tesh RB. The emerging epidemiology of Venezuelan
hemorrhagic fever and Oropouche fever in tropical South
America. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994 Dec 15;740:129-37.

Tesh RB, Jahrling PB, Salas R, Shope RE. Description of
Guanarito virus (Arenaviridae: Arenavirus), the etiologic
agent of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. Am J Trop Med
Hyg 1994 Apr;50(4):452-9.

Tesh RB, Wilson ML, Salas R, De Manzione NM, Tovar D,
Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ. Field studies on the epidemiology
of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever: implication of the
cotton rat Sigmodon alstoni as the probable rodent
reservoir. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993 Aug;49(2):227-35.

Tverdokhlebov AV, Kaliberov SA, Zaitseva VN, Kuzmin
VA, Krasko AG, Ignatev GM. [The isolation of
concentrated preparations of the Machupo virus]. Vopr
Virusol 1992 Jan-Feb;37(1):72-3.  (Rus).

[Vaccination against Argentine haemorrhagic fever]. Wkly
Epidemiol Rec 1993 Aug 6;68(32):233-4.  (Fre).

Vainrub B, Salas R. Latin American hemorrhagic fever.
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1994 Mar;8(1):47-59.

Vitullo AD, Merani MS. Vertical transmission of Junin virus
in experimentally infected adult Calomys musculinus.
Intervirology 1990;31(6):339-44.

Wang FS, Cosgriff TM, Bunner DL, Mereish KA. Effects of
an attenuated strain of junin virus on production of
coagulant and anticoagulant proteins by hep G-2 cells
[abstract]. Blood 1993;82(10 Suppl 1):600A. 35th Annual
Meeting of the American Society of Hematology; 1993
Dec 3-7; St. Louis, MO. 

Winocur DH, Videla C, Laguens R, Carballal G.
[Intracerebral infection of athymic mice with an
attenuated strain of Junin virus]. Rev Argent Microbiol
1990 Jul-Sep;22(3):150-4.  (Spa).

Witvrouw M, Schols D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Ikeda S,
Pauwels R, Van Schepdael A, Arnout J, Claes P, et al.
New polyacetal polysulphate active against human
immunodeficiency virus and other enveloped viruses.
Antiviral Chem Chemother 1992;3(6):351-60.



Last updated: 31 December 1996