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Cooling Off Period?
International Experiment to Study Role
of Pollutants in Climate Change
More than 60 scientists from around the world met
September 8-12 at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
in La Jolla, California, to plan an international
experiment they hope will answer a pivotal question
in climate change: How are pollutants known as aerosols
cooling the planet and impacting global climate change?
The project -- INDOEX, or the Indian Ocean Experiment
-- is one of the first attempts by scientists to measure
the cooling effect of sulfates and other aerosols
on regional climate. The Center for Clouds, Chemistry
and Climate, a National Science Foundation Science
and Technology Center, is coordinating the experiment.
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Back to School with NSF:
Tools and Technology Even the Learning Field
As children head back
to school, many will be carrying more than books in
their backpacks. Some will carry speech synthesizers
or computers with braille output -- technology that
can enable them to communicate and participate in
the classroom and in society. National Science Foundation
(NSF)-supported research in areas such as speech recognition,
alternative interfaces with computers, and speech/braille
output are having a dramatic impact on the lives of
people with disabilities.
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Getting to the Bottom of the Amazon:
Researchers and Their Fish Stories
Countless explorers
have ridden the rushing, muddy waters of the Amazon
on their way to seek out new species in South America's
rainforests. Using the world's largest tropical river
system as a floating route into the jungle, these
adventurers may have missed the boat entirely. For
below the seemingly familiar surface of the Amazon,
there is a cornucopia of unknown fish. Today, at last,
a handful of intrepid explorers -- biologists funded
by NSF's Biotic Surveys and Inventories Program --
have begun to seek out these myriad creatures. What
they are finding is a world of fish species long kept
secret, including such oddities as electric fish with
strange culinary tastes, and transparent catfish.
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