Vaccine Safety
Vaccines:
A Safe Choice
Vaccine Safety Information
for Parents
Tri-fold brochure
in an easy to print format.
Vaccines are safe.
Vaccines are held
to the highest standard of safety. The United States currently
has the safest, most effective vaccine supply in history.
Years of testing are required by law before a vaccine can
be licensed. Once in use, vaccines are continually monitored
for safety and efficacy. |
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Each person is unique and may react
differently to immunization.
- Occasionally, people who receive
a vaccine do not respond to it and may still get the illness the
vaccine was meant to protect them against.
- In most cases, vaccines are effective
and cause no side effects, or only mild reactions such as fever
or soreness at the injection site.
- Very rarely, people experience
more serious side effects, like allergic reactions. Be sure to
tell your health care provider if you have health problems or
known allergies to medications or food.
- Severe reactions to vaccines occur
so rarely that the risk is difficult to calculate.
The Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continually
work to make already safe vaccines even safer. In the rare event
that a child is injured by a vaccine, he or she may be compensated
through the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP).
For more information about VICP visit
http://www.hrsa.gov/osp/vicp/
or call 1-800-338-2382.
Not vaccinating your child?
Be aware of the risks.
Immunizations, like any medication,
can cause side effects. However, a decision not to immunize a child
also involves risk. It is a decision to put the child and others
who come into contact with him or her at risk of contracting a disease
that could be dangerous or deadly. Consider measles. One out of
30 children with measles gets pneumonia. For every 1,000 children
who get the disease, one or two will die from it. Thanks to vaccines,
we have few cases of measles in the U.S. today. However, the disease
is extremely contagious and each year dozens of cases are imported
from abroad into the U.S., threatening the health of people who
have not been vaccinated and those for whom the vaccine was not
effective. Unvaccinated children are also at risk from meningitis
(swelling of the lining of the brain) caused by Hib (a severe bacterial
infection), bloodstream infections caused by pneumococcus, deafness
caused by mumps, and liver cancer caused by hepatitis B virus.
Are vaccines tested and monitored
for safety?
Yes. Before vaccines are licensed,
the FDA requires they be extensively tested to ensure safety. This
process can take 10 years or longer. Once a vaccine is in use, the
CDC and FDA monitor its side effects through the Vaccine Adverse
Event Reporting System (VAERS). Any hint of a problem with a vaccine
prompts further investigations by the CDC and FDA. If researchers
find a vaccine may be causing a side effect, the CDC and FDA will
initiate actions appropriate to the nature of the problem. This
may include the changing of vaccine labels or packaging, distributing
safety alerts, inspecting manufacturers’ facilities and records,
withdrawing recommendations for the use of the vaccine, or revoking
the vaccine’s license. For more information about VAERS, visit www.vaers.org
or call the toll-free VAERS information line at 1-800-822-7967.
For a quick reference sheet on key
vaccine safety elements, an explanation of VAERS, and "what
happens when rare, adverse events are detected?", consult the
Surveillance
and Vaccine Safety fact sheet.
Who should not be vaccinated?
Some people should not get
certain vaccines or should wait to get them. For instance, children
with compromised immune systems, as occurs with cancer patients,
often need to wait to be vaccinated. Similarly, if a person has
had a severe allergic reaction to a vaccine, she or he should not
receive another dose. However, a person with a mild, common illness,
such as a cold with a low-grade fever, does not have to wait to
be vaccinated. Ask your health care provider for more information.
What should be done if
someone has a reaction to a vaccine?
- Call a doctor. If the person is
having a severe reaction get him or her to a doctor right
away.
- After any reaction, tell your
doctor what happened, the date and time it happened, and when
the vaccination was given.
- Ask your doctor, nurse, or health
department to file a VAERS form, or call VAERS yourself at 1-800-822-7967.
Tell me more.
Please call our CDC National
Immunization Information Hot Line at any time. Also, explore other
areas of this immunization website (http://www.cdc.gov/nip) for
the most current and reliable information on vaccine safety.
CDC National Immunization Information
Hot Line
English: 800-232-2522
Español: 800-232-0233
Visit these web sites for vaccine
safety information and general information about vaccines:
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