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PubMed Overview
Last Updated: October 15, 2004
PubMed, available via the NCBI Entrez retrieval system, was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM), located at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Entrez is the text-based search and retrieval system used at NCBI for services including PubMed, Nucleotide and Protein Sequences, Protein Structures, Complete Genomes, Taxonomy, OMIM, and many others. PubMed was designed to provide access to citations from biomedical literature. LinkOut provides access to full-text articles at journal Web sites and other related Web resources. PubMed also provides access and links to the other Entrez molecular biology resources.
Publishers participating in PubMed electronically submit their citations to NCBI prior to or at the time of publication. If the publisher has a web site that offers full-text of its journals, PubMed provides links to that site as well as biological resources, consumer health information, research tools, and more. There may be a charge to access the text or information.
In addition, PubMed provides a Batch Citation Matcher, which allows users to match their citations to PubMed citations using bibliographic information such as journal, volume, issue, page number, and year.
PubMed provides access to bibliographic information that includes MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, as well as:
OLDMEDLINE
OLDMEDLINE
currently contains approximately 2 million citations to articles from
international biomedical journals from 1950 through 1965.
NLM expects to continue
converting citations from its older print medical indexes and to add these
citations to PubMed. OLDMEDLINE citations have not been updated with MeSH Terms
and they do not contain abstracts. There are variations among OLDMEDLINE
citations in the data elements present in the citation as well as in their
format, depending on the original source from which the citation was obtained.
In Process Citations
PubMed's in-process records provide basic citation information
and abstracts before the citations are indexed with NLM's MeSH Terms and
added to MEDLINE. New in-process records are available in PubMed daily
(Tuesday through Saturday) and display with the tag [PubMed - in process].
New citations that have been indexed with MeSH terms, publication types, GenBank
Accession numbers, and other indexing data are also available daily
(Tuesday through Saturday) and display with the tag [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE].
Publisher-Supplied Citations
Citations received electronically from publishers appear in PubMed
with the tag [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]. New publisher supplied
citations are available in PubMed Tuesday through Saturday. Most
of these progress to "in-process" status and later to "indexed for MEDLINE" status.
However, not all citations will be indexed for MEDLINE and therefore will
retain either the tag [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] or [PubMed]. For additional
information, please see the NLM Fact Sheet:
What's the
Difference Between MEDLINEŽ and PubMedŽ?
The Journals Database can be searched using the journal title, the MEDLINE/PubMed title abbreviation, the NLM ID (NLM's unique journal identifier), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) abbreviation, and the print and electronic International Standard Serial Numbers (pISSNs and eISSNs). The database includes all journals in all Entrez databases (e.g., PubMed, Nucleotide, Protein).
See Journal LinkOut Providers for a list of Web-based journals to which PubMed currently provides links. Publishers and other data providers are responsible for providing NLM with the links for each article through LinkOut therefore; the list of journals may change frequently. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles for some journals. Policies vary by provider and by journal. Contact the journal publishers as noted on their individual Web sites for specific access information.
A full list of PubMed journals is available.
The Batch Citation Matcher allows users to match their own list of citations to PubMed citations, using bibliographic information such as journal, volume, issue, page number, and year. The Citation Matcher returns the corresponding PMID. This number can then be used to easily link to PubMed. This service is frequently used by publishers or other database providers who want to link from bibliographic references on their Web sites directly to PubMed citations.