This location is comprised of three Management Units: Crop Production and Pest Control, National Soil Erosion Laboratory, and Livestock Behavior. These are located on the Purdue University campus in West Lafayette, Indiana. Research in Crop Production and Pest Control determines the biochemical basis and genetic control of disease and insect resistance in grain crops (primarily wheat, corn and sorghum), and the improvement of soybean germplasm for agronomic traits, consumer acceptance and pest resistance. The National Soil Erosion Laboratory develops the knowledge and technology needed for land users to conserve soil for future generations. Research in Livestock Behavior identifies objective indicators of animal well-being and cognitive abilities in livestock to provide producers with decision-making tools that enhance productivity in food-producing animals. Effective support services in procurement, personnel, safety, budget, accounting, travel and related activities are provided by the Administrative Office. This location has an annual budget of 4.9 million dollars and includes approximately 40 federal employees.

Most scientists at the location have adjunct appointments in appropriate departments at Purdue University. Cooperative research with Purdue University scientists greatly expands the effectiveness of the ARS research programs.