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Definition Return to top
Folliculitis is a superficial infection of the hair follicle. Hot tub folliculitis is a folliculitis that develops after exposure to certain forms of bacteria that reside in warm, wet environments such as hot tubs.Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top
Most folliculitis is caused by the common organism Staphylococcus aureus. Hot tub folliculitis is different in that it is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudomonas survives in hot tubs, especially hot tubs made of wood, unless the pH and chlorine content are strictly controlled.
Hot tub folliculitis becomes noticeable within half a day to two days after exposure. It first appears as itchy bumps, some of which may be filled with pus. It may then develop into dark red tender nodules. The rash may be more dense under swimsuit areas, where the material has held the contaminated water in contact with the skin for a longer period of time.
Symptoms Return to top
Signs and tests Return to top
Physical examination combined with a history of recent hot tub use are sufficient for your health care provider to make this diagnosis. Testing is usually unnecessary.Treatment Return to top
Treatment may not be needed, as the mild form of the disease usually clears on its own. Oral or topical anti-pruritics ("anti-itch" medications) may be used.
In severe cases, your physician may prescribe an oral antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin.
Expectations (prognosis) Return to top
This condition usually clears without scarring. It may recur if the infected hot tub is not cleaned.
Complications Return to top
Calling your health care provider Return to top
Call your health care provider if you develop symptoms of hot tub folliculitis.Prevention Return to top
Careful attention to controlling the pH and chlorine content of the hot tub may help to prevent hot tub folliculitis. Update Date: 1/11/2003 Updated by: Glen H. Crawford, M.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |