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Definition Return to top
Sjogren syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by dry mouth, decreased tearing, and other dry mucous membranes. It is often associated with autoimmune rheumatic disorders.Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top
The cause of Sjogren syndrome is unknown. The syndrome occurs most often in women 40 to 50 years old. It is rare in children. Pediatric patients usually present with another autoimmune disorder before developing the signs of Sjogren syndrome.Symptoms Return to top
Signs and tests Return to top
A physical examination reveals dry eyes and mouth. Mouth sores may be present because of the mouth dryness.Treatment Return to top
The goal is to relieve symptoms. Dry eyes may be treated with artificial tears as often as needed or an eye-lubricating ointment may be applied at bedtime.
Dry mouth may be helped by sipping water throughout the day, chewing sugarless gum, and avoiding drugs that cause mouth dryness such as antihistamines and decongestants. There are also drugs available (e.g., Pilocarpine) that increase the flow of saliva. Frequent brushing and flossing of the teeth with regular dental visits may prevent severe dental cavities associated with the dry mouth.
Arthritis symptoms may be mild and are commonly treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and physical therapy.
Expectations (prognosis) Return to top
The disease is usually benign and prognosis (probable outcome) depends on associated diseases. There is an increased risk of lymphoma.Complications Return to top
Calling your health care provider Return to top
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of Sjogren syndrome. Update Date: 8/3/2003 Updated by: Megan Clowse, M.D., Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |