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Alternative names
Ritter disease; Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSS)Definition Return to top
Scalded skin syndrome is a skin infection characterized by damage to the skin with marked shedding (exfoliation). It usually affects infants and children under the age of 5.Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top
Scalded skin syndrome is caused by infection with certain strains of a bacteria called staphylococcus. During the infection, the staphylococci produce a poison (exotoxin) that is responsible for the skin damage. Onset of the illness may be heralded by fever and skin tenderness.
The effects of the toxin first produces reddening of the skin. Fluid collects beneath the skin loosening it. Subsequently, light rubbing of the skin may pull away large sheets of skin leaving a raw red base (this effect is called the Nikolsky sign). These bare areas dry out and crust over.
It is found most commonly in infants and very young children.
Symptoms Return to top
Signs and tests Return to top
Tests include:
Treatment Return to top
Intravenous antibiotics that are specific for staphylococcus are given to help fight the infection. Because much fluid is lost through the open skin, supplemental intravenous fluid is important to prevent dehydration.
Moist compresses to the skin may improve comfort. An emollient may be applied to keep the skin moist. Healing begins in about 10 days following treatment.
Expectations (prognosis) Return to top
The prognosis is usually excellent. A full recovery is expected.
Complications Return to top
Calling your health care provider Return to top
Call your health care provider or go to the emergency room if symptoms of this disorder appear.
Prevention Return to top
The disorder may not be preventable. Prompt treatment of any staphylococcus infection may be helpful.
Update Date: 1/20/2004 Updated by: John Goldenring, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healtchare Network.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |