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Definition Return to top
The pleural fluid smear is a screening test for the presence of microorganisms or abnormal cells in pleural fluid in the space around the lungs.How the test is performed Return to top
A sample of pleural fluid is examined under the microscope. If organisms are detected by smear, other methods to specifically identify them may be performed.How to prepare for the test Return to top
It is important not to cough, breathe deeply, or move when the fluid sample is being taken. There is no other special preparation for the test.How the test will feel Return to top
The specimen is obtained by thoracentesis (a needle aspiration of fluid in the pleural space). An area on the chest is cleansed with antibacterial soap and numbed with local anesthetic. A needle is placed between the ribs, and a sample of fluid is withdrawn from the chest.
You may feel a stinging sensation when the anesthetic in injected. You may feel some pressure and slight localized pain when the thoracentesis needle enters the pleural space. A chest x-ray is usually done following the test to be sure the lung tissue was not affected by the test.
Why the test is performed Return to top
The test is performed when infection of the pleural space is suspected, or when an abnormal collection of pleural fluid is noticed by chest x-ray.Normal Values Return to top
Normally, no organisms are present in the pleural fluid.
What abnormal results mean Return to top
Positive results may indicate that microorganisms or cancer cells are present. Other tests can help identify the specific type of infection or cancer.What the risks are Return to top
There is a risk of internal bleeding into the lung and pneumothorax (collapsed lung). Serious complications are extremely rare.Special considerations Return to top
The fluid smear cost and the cost of the procedure to obtain the specimen are charged separately. Other tests may be done on the sample of fluid obtained.
Update Date: 1/27/2004 Updated by: Allen J. Blaivas, D.O., Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University Hospital, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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Page last updated: 28 October 2004 |