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Technology Partnerships

ATP Announces 40 New Awards for FY 2002

Detailed computer simulations of normal and cancer cells to aid in drug development; an environmentally friendly, high-tech pest management system; and a “fuel cell on a chip” power source for handheld electronics are among the novel technologies to be developed by cost-shared grants announced on Oct. 9, 2002, by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Advanced Technology Program (ATP). The cost-shared awards span a broad array of technologies including biometrics, biotechnology, construction, medical therapeutics, materials processing and nanotechnology.

If carried through to completion, the new awards represent a total of up to $101.6 million in ATP funding and an industry share of $92 million. The awards were selected from proposals submitted to the ATP’s fiscal year 2002 (Batch 1) competition. The ATP provides cost-shared funding to industry-led teams which can include non-profits and universities to help advance particularly challenging, high-risk R&D projects that have the potential to spark important, broad-based economic or social benefits for the United States. The program supports projects that industry cannot fully fund on its own because of significant technical risks.

ATP awards are made on the basis of rigorous competitive peer review considering scientific and technical merit of each proposal. In addition, awards are based on the potential for broad-based economic benefits to the nation; the need for ATP funding; and evidence of a clear commercialization pathway and broad diffusion. The program accelerates enabling technology research, but does not support product development work. Applicants must include a detailed business plan for bringing the new technology to market once technical milestones have been achieved under ATP support.

The FY 2002 ATP awards and the proposed funding amounts are contingent on the signing of formal agreements between NIST and the recipients. A detailed listing of these awards with links to project fact sheets can be found at www.atp.nist.gov/awards/02announce.htm.

Media Contact:
Michael E. Newman, (301) 975-3025

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Smoke Research

NIST Airflow Software Featured in Smoke Management Guide

Being able to simulate how pollutants, smoke and contaminants are transported throughout a building and predict the effects that building design changes will have on airflow is becoming increasingly important to building designers and operators. Software known as CONTAM, developed several years ago by researchers in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL), can do just that. Now, CONTAM is featured in a new version of Principles of Smoke Management, a widely used publication issued by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The ASHRAE publication explains how CONTAM can be used to design and analyze smoke control systems in applications including elevator shafts, stairwells and exhaust systems.

In addition to CONTAM’s traditional application to the design or renovation of buildings, the software took on an unexpected role in the fall of 2001 when NIST engineers used it to understand how anthrax spores may have spread throughout the Hart Senate Office Building in Washington, D.C. The results of the modeling aided the development of decontamination strategies for the structure.

For more on CONTAM, go to www.bfrl.nist.gov/IAQanalysis/CONTAMWdesc.htm or contact Andrew Persily, (301) 975-6418, andrew.persily@nist.gov. To order Principles of Smoke Management, go to www.ashrae.org and click on “Bookstore.”

Media Contact:
Jan Kosko, (301) 975-2767

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Program Assessment

NRC Report Praises NIST Labs for Science, Service and Staff

The seven laboratories of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) received high marks for technical merit, responsiveness to customer needs and staff capabilities in a recently published report by the National Research Council (NRC) Board on Assessment of NIST. The report, which documents a process of assessment that began in December 2001, details the board’s conclusions on the overall state of the laboratories as a unit, as well as in-depth reviews of each individual lab.

In its report, the NRC board states that “the technical merit of the laboratories’ work remains high ...” and that “the breadth and depth of the laboratories’ technical talent allow NIST to respond to customer needs, whether anticipated or unanticipated.” On the latter, the board specifically noted the agency’s efforts in the area of homeland secur-ity, praising NIST’s “ability to direct resources to technical investigations required by the terrorist attacks of fall 2001.”

Highest praise went to the NIST technical staff, whom the board called “NIST’s most impressive resource.” The board stated that it “... is continually impressed by the exceptional technical capabilities of NIST researchers, by their dedication to their work, and by the good morale generally evident throughout the institution.”

The board addressed a number of opportunities for improvement for the NIST Laboratories, including recommendations for more use of strategic planning, increased sharing of best practices among the labs, and better resource planning to ensure the skills and equipment to meet future customer needs.

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Measurement and Standards Laboratories: Fiscal Year 2002 is available from the National Academies Press at www.nap.edu.

Media Contact:
Michael E. Newman, (301) 975-3025

 

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Quality

Help Wanted: Experts Needed for 2003 Baldrige Award Applications

It’s a tough, demanding job—yet every year, thousands of people apply to be one of approximately 400 examiners who review applications for the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. Why is the position so desirable?

According to Kay Kendall, vice president of corporate quality, Brooks Automation, and member of the Board of Examiners for more than six years, “Being a Baldrige examiner has been the most rewarding experience in my career. … the opportunity to support competitiveness in American industry is very gratifying. The addition of the health care and education sectors represents the spirit of continuous improvement demonstrated by the award program itself as it has expanded beyond a focused view of quality to performance excellence throughout an entire organization.”

Examiners evaluate applications for the award and prepare feedback reports to applicants citing strengths and opportunities for improvement. In the process, examiners learn how leading organizations achieve performance excellence, network with some of the nation’s foremost quality professionals, and help improve America’s competitive position.

Qualifications include expertise in business, education or health care management processes and results, as well as knowledge of practices and improvement strategies that lead to organizational excellence. The board consists of about 400 members, including nine judges and about 60 senior examiners.

Applications for the board will be available in November 2002 by calling (301) 975-2036 or at www.quality.nist.gov/exampage.htm.

Media Contact:
Jan Kosko, (301) 975-2767

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Security

NIST Director: ‘Streamlining Standards Would Improve Security’

Streamlining the voluntary standards process and decision making would benefit the nation in the area of security standards—and more broadly,” said National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Director Arden Bement at a World Standards Day event in Washington, D.C., on Oct. 16, 2002. World Standards Day is an annual international celebration to raise awareness of the importance of global standardization to the world economy.

Streamlining the process would have spillover benefits in terms of trade and adoption of U.S. technologies, Bement asserted, noting that the United States is in “a standards system competition with others, especially the European Union (EU), and we need to make sure that our system is as nimble as possible if we are going to make it attractive to emerging economies.”

What is not clear is whether or not industry executives understand the importance of the voluntary standards process in adopting improved security products and practices, Bement said. He noted, “...we still have a long way to go in communicating the importance of the standards process.”

The full text of Dr. Bement’s remarks is available online at www.nist.gov/speeches.

Media Contact:
Mark Bello, (301) 975-3776

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Electromagnetics

semiconductor clean room
©Geoffrey Wheeler Photography

Clean room used in fabricating superconducting junctions for NIST programmable voltage standards.

Packing Junctions Improves Programmable Voltage Standards

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has led the way in the development of programmable direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) voltage standards for use in calibration laboratories. The standards have been constructed of superconductor/normal metal/superconductor Josephson junctions because of their reproducibility, stable voltage steps and immunity from noise. Now, to improve the quality of the standards, NIST’s Electromagnetic Technology Division is packing the junctions as densely as possible in three dimensions with junctions separated by a distance of only 20 nanometers (approximately 1/50 the diameter of a red blood cell).

NIST determined that the most effective method for packing the junctions is to stack them in double-barrier and triple-barrier sandwiches using molybdenum-disilicide or titanium as barrier materials. These materials were chosen because they can be reactive-ion etched in contrast to standard palladium-gold barriers which must be wet etched in dilute acids. The microwave response shows that the arrays of junction stacks have excellent uniformity. NIST estimates the maximum number of barriers in a junction stack will be limited by vertical etching uniformity and heat dissipation. NIST researchers are continuing to improve the vertical etch process and increase the number of junctions in each stack.

For a paper describing this work, contact Sarabeth Harris, MC104, NIST, Boulder, Colo. 80305-3328; (303) 497-3237; sarabeth@boulder.nist.gov. For technical information about these developments, contact Samuel P. Benz, (303) 497-5258, benz@boulder.nist.gov.

Media Contacts:
Fred McGehan, Boulder (303) 497-7000

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Editor: Michael E. Newman

Date created: 10/21/2002
Contact: inquiries@nist.gov